PROJECT MANAGEMENT

COURSE 8 : PROJECT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

G.N. Sandhy Widyasthana

widyasthana@gmail.com
 Definition
Project Resource Management includes the processes to identify, acquire, and manage the
resources needed for the successful completion of the project.
9.1 Plan Resource Management—The process of defining how to estimate, acquire, manage,
and utilize physical and team resources.
9.2 Estimate Activity Resources—The process of estimating team resources and the type and
quantities of material, equipment, and supplies necessary to perform project work.
9.3 Acquire Resources—The process of obtaining team members, facilities, equipment,
materials, supplies, and other resources necessary to complete project work.
9.4 Develop Team—The process of improving competencies, team member interaction, and the
overall team environment to enhance project performance.
9.5 Manage Team—The process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback,
resolving issues, and managing team changes to optimize project performance.
9.6 Control Resources—The process of ensuring that the physical resources assigned and
allocated to the project are available as planned, as well as monitoring the planned versus
actual use of resources, and performing corrective action as necessary.

9.1 Plan Resource
Management
.1 Inputs
.1 Project charter
.2 Project management plan
.3 Project documents
.4 Enterprise environmental
factors
.5 Organizational process
assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Expert judgment
.2 Data representation
.3 Organizational theory
.4 Meetings
.3 Outputs
.1 Resource management plan
.2 Team charter
.3 Project documents updates
9.4 Develop Team
.1 Inputs
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project documents
.3 Enterprise environmental
factors
.4 Organizational process
assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Colocation
.2 Virtual teams
.3 Communication technology
.4 Interpersonal and team skills
.5 Recognition and rewards
.6 Training
.7 Individual and team
assessments
.8 Meetings
.3 Outputs
.1 Team performance
assessments
.2 Change requests
.3 Project management plan
updates
.4 Project documents updates
.5 Enterprise environmental
factors updates
.6 Organizational process assets
updates
Project Resource
Management Overview
9.2 Estimate
Activity Resources
.1 Inputs
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project documents
.3 Enterprise environmental
factors
.4 Organizational process
assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Expert judgment
.2 Bottom-up estimating
.3 Analogous estimating
.4 Parametric estimating
.5 Data analysis
.6 Project management
information system
.7 Meetings
.3 Outputs
.1 Resource requirements
.2 Basis of estimates
.3 Resource breakdown
structure
.4 Project documents updates
9.5 Manage Team
1 Inputs
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project documents
.3 Work performance reports
.4 Team performance
assessments
.5 Enterprise environmental
factors
.6 Organizational process assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Interpersonal and team skills
.2 Project management
information system
.3 Outputs
.1 Change requests
.2 Project management plan
updates
.3 Project documents updates
.4 Enterprise environmental
factors updates
9.3 Acquire Resources
1 Inputs
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project documents
.3 Enterprise environmental
factors
.4 Organizational process assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Decision making
.2 Interpersonal and team skills
.3 Pre-assignment
.4 Virtual teams
.3 Outputs
.1 Physical resource
assignments
.2 Project team assignments
.3 Resource calendars
.4 Change requests
.5 Project management plan
updates
.6 Project documents updates
.7 Enterprise environmental
factors updates
.8 Organizational process
assets updates
9.6 Control Resources
.1 Inputs
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project documents
.3 Work performance data
.4 Agreements
.5 Organizational process assets
.2 Tools & Techniques
.1 Data analysis
.2 Problem solving
.3 Interpersonal and team skills
.4 Project management
information system
.3 Outputs
.1 Work performance information
.2 Change requests
.3 Project management plan
updates
.4 Project documents updates
 Management Management Schedule
6.2 Define
Activities
6.3 Sequence

Phase
Activities
6.4 Estimate
Activity Durations
6.5 Develop
Schedule

7. Project Cost Table 1-4. Project Management Process Group and Knowledge
7.1 Plan Cost 7.4 Area Mapping
Control Costs
Management Management
7.2 Estimate Costs
Project Management
7.3 Determine
Process Groups
Budget
Knowledge Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
8. Project Process 8.1 Plan Quality
Process 8.2 Manage Quality
Process 8.3
andControl Quality
Controlling Process
Areas Management
Quality Group Group Group Process Group Group
Management
9.
4. Project 4.1 Develop 9.1 Develop
4.2 Plan Resource
Project 9.3 Direct
4.3 Acquireand 9.6 Monitor
4.5 Control and 4.7 Close Project
Resource
Integration Project Charter Management Plan Resources
Manage Project Resources
Control Project or Phase
Management 9.2 Estimate 9.4 Develop Team
Work Work
Activity Resources 9.5 Manage Project
4.4 Team 4.6 Perform
Knowledge Integrated Change
10. Project 10.1 Plan 10.2 Manage 10.3 Monitor
Control
Communications Communications Communications Communications
5. Project Scope
Management Management
5.1 Plan Scope 5.5 Validate Scope
Management Management 5.6 Control Scope
11. Project Risk 5.2 Collect
11.1 Plan Risk 11.6 Implement 11.7 Monitor Risks
Management Requirements
Management Risk Responses
5.3 Define
11.2 Scope
Identify Risks
5.4 Create
11.3 PerformWBS
Qualitative Risk
6. Project Schedule 6.1 Plan Schedule
Analysis 6.6 Control
Management Management
11.4 Perform Schedule
6.2 Define
Quantitative Risk
Activities
Analysis
6.3 Sequence
11.5 Plan Risk
Activities
Responses
6.4 Estimate
9.1 PLAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Plan Resource Management

Plan Resource Management is the process of defining how to estimate, acquire, manage, and use team and physic
resources. The key benefit of this process is that it establishes the approach and level of management effort need
for managing project resources based on the type and complexity of the project. This process is performed once or
predefined points in the project. The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process are depicted in Figure 9-
❖ Plan Resource Management is the process of defining
Figure 9-3 depicts the data flow diagram for the process.
how to estimate, acquire, manage, and use team and
Plan Resource Management
physical resources.
Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs
.1 Project charter .1 Expert judgment .1 Resource management plan
.2 Project management plan .2 Data representation .2 Team charter
Quality management plan Hierarchical charts .3 Project documents updates
Scope baseline Responsibility assignment Assumption log
.3 Project documents matrix Risk register
Project schedule Text-oriented formats
Requirements .3 Organizational theory
documentation .4 Meetings
Risk register
Stakeholder register
.4 Enterprise environmental
factors
.5 Organizational process assets

Figure 9-2. Plan Resource Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs
Organizational Chart & Position Description
Text-oriented formats. Team member responsibilities that require detailed descriptions can be specified in text-
oriented formats. Usually in outline form, these documents provide information such as responsibilities, authority,

Responsibility Assignment Matrix

competencies, and qualifications. The documents are known by various names including position descriptions
and role-responsibility-authority forms. These documents can be used as templates for future projects, especially
when the information is updated throughout the current project by applying lessons learned.

RACI Chart Person

Activity Ann Ben Carlos Dina Ed

Create charter A R I I I

Collect
requirements I A R C C

Submit change
request I A R R C

Develop test plan A C I I R

R = Responsible A = Accountable C = Consult I = Inform

Figure 9-4. Sample RACI Chart

 Team Charter
❖ Team values,
❖ Communication guidelines,
❖ Decision-making criteria and process,
❖ Conflict resolution process,
❖ Meeting guidelines, and
❖ Team agreements
 Estimate Activity Resource
❖ Estimate Activity Resources is the process of estimating
team resources and the type and quantities of materials,
equipment, and supplies necessary to perform project
Estimate Activity Resources
work.
Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs
.1 Project management plan .1 Expert judgment .1 Resource requirements
Resource management plan .2 Bottom-up estimating .2 Basis of estimates
Scope baseline .3 Analogous estimating .3 Resource breakdown
.2 Project documents .4 Parametric estimating structure
Activity attributes .5 Data analysis .4 Project documents updates
Activity list Alternatives analysis Activity attributes
Assumption log .6 Project management Assumption log
Cost estimates information system Lessons learned register
Resource calendars .7 Meetings
Risk register
.3 Enterprise environmental
factors
.4 Organizational process assets
Resource Breakdown Structure

Project

Personnel Material Equipment

Role Role Role Material Material Equipment Equipment

1 2 3 1 2 1 2

Level Level Grade

1 2 2

Figure 9-7. Sample Resource Breakdown Structure

 Acquire Resources
9.3 ACQUIRE RESOURCES
Acquire Resources is the process of obtaining team members, facilities, equipment, materials, supplies, and other
resources necessary to complete project work. The key benefit of this process is that it outlines and guides the selection
of resources and assigns them to their respective activities. This process is performed periodically throughout the
❖ Acquire Resources is the process of obtaining team
project as needed. The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process are depicted in Figure 9-8. Figure 9-9
depicts the data flow diagram for the process.
members, facilities, equipment, materials, supplies, and
other resources necessary to complete project work.
Acquire Resources

Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs

.1 Project management plan
Resource management plan
Procurement management
plan
Cost baseline
.2 Project documents
Project schedule
Resource calendars
Resource requirements
Stakeholder register
.3 Enterprise environmental
factors
.4 Organizational process assets
.1 Decision making .1 Physical resource
Multicriteria decision assignments
analysis .2 Project team assignments
.2 Interpersonal and team skills .3 Resource calendars
Negotiation .4 Change requests
.3 Pre-assignment .5 Project management plan
.4 Virtual teams updates
Resource management plan
Cost baseline
.6 Project documents updates
Lessons learned register
Project schedule
Resource breakdown
structure
Resource requirements
Risk register
Stakeholder register
.7 Enterprise environmental
factors updates
.8 Organizational process assets
updates
9.4 DEVELOP TEAM
Develop Team is the process of improving competencies, team member interaction, and the overall team environment

Develop Team
to enhance project performance. The key benefit of this process is that it results in improved teamwork, enhanced
interpersonal skills and competencies, motivated employees, reduced attrition, and improved overall project performance.
This process is performed throughout the project.
The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process are depicted in Figure 9-10. Figure 9-11 depicts the data
Develop
flow❖diagram Team is the process of improving
for the process.

competencies, team member interaction, and the overall

Develop Team
team environment to enhance project performance.
Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs
.1 Project management plan .1 Colocation 1. Team performance
Resource management plan .2 Virtual teams assessments
.2 Project documents .3 Communication technology .2 Change requests
Lessons learned register .4 Interpersonal and team skills .3 Project management plan
Project schedule Conflict management updates
Project team assignments Influencing Resource management plan
Resource calendars Motivation .4 Project documents updates
Team charter Negotiation Lessons learned register
.3 Enterprise environmental Team building Project schedule
factors .5 Recognition and rewards Project team assignments
.4 Organizational process assets .6 Training Resource calendars
.7 Individual and team Team charter
assessments .5 Enterprise environmental
.8 Meetings factors updates
.6 Organizational process assets
updates
Five Stages Of Team Development

❖ Forming
❖ Team meets and learns about the project and what their formal roles and responsibilities are
❖ Storming
❖ Team begans to address the project work, technical decisions and the project management approach
❖ Norming
❖ Team members begin to work together and adjust work habits and behaviors that support the team
❖ Performing
❖ Teams function as a well organized unit, interdependent and work through issues smoothly and
effectively
❖ Adjourning
❖ Team completes the work and moves on from the project
9.5 MANAGE TEAM Manage Team
Manage Team is the process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback, resolving issues, and
managing team changes to optimize project performance. The key benefit of this process is that it influences team
behavior, manages conflict, and resolves issues. This process is performed throughout the project.
❖ Manage Team is the process of tracking team member
The inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the process are depicted in Figure 9-12. Figure 9-13 depicts the data
performance,
flow diagram for the process. providing feedback, resolving issues, and
managing team changes to optimize project
Manage Team
performance.
Inputs Tools & Techniques Outputs
.1 Project management plan .1 Interpersonal and team skills .1 Change requests
Resource management plan Conflict management .2 Project management plan
.2 Project documents Decision making updates
Issue log Emotional intelligence Resource management plan
Lessons learned register Influencing Schedule baseline
Project team assignments Leadership Cost baseline
Team charter .2 Project management .3 Project documents updates
.3 Work performance reports information system Issue log
.4 Team performance Lessons learned register
assessments Project team assignments
.5 Enterprise environmental .4 Enterprise environmental
factors factors updates
.6 Organizational process assets
 Conflict Management
❖ Conflict is natural and forces a search for alternatives
❖ Conflict is a team issue
❖ Openness resolves conflict
❖ Conflict resolution should focus on issues not
personalities
❖ Conflict resolution should focus on the present, not the
past
Factor that influence conflict resolution methods

❖ Relative importance and intensity of the conflict

❖ Time pressure for resolving the conflict
❖ Relative power of the people involved in the conflict
❖ Importance of maintaining a good relationship
❖ Motivation to resolve conflict on a long term or short
term basis
Technique for resolving conflict

❖ Withdraw / Avoid
❖ Smooth / Accommodate
❖ Compromise / Reconcile
❖ Forcing / Direct
❖ Collaborating / Problem Solving
 Interpersonal Skills

❖ Conflict Management
❖ Decision Making
❖ Emotional Intelligence
❖ Influencing
❖ Leadership
 9.6 CONTROL RESOURCESControl Resource
Control Resources is the process of ensuring that the physical resources assigned and allocated to the project are
Control Resources is the process of ensuring that the
❖ available as planned, as well as monitoring the planned versus actual utilization of resources and taking corrective
action as necessary. The key benefit of this process is ensuring that the assigned resources are available to the project
physical resources assigned and allocated to the project
at the right time and in the right place and are released when no longer needed. This process is performed throughout
the project. The inputs and outputs of this process are depicted in Figure 9-14. Figure 9-15 depicts the data flow
are available as planned, as well as monitoring the
diagram for the process.

planned versus actual utilization of resources and

Control Resources
taking corrective action as necessary.
Inputs
.1 Project management plan
Resource management plan
.2 Project documents
Issue log
Lessons learned register
Physical resource
assignments
Project schedule
Resource breakdown
structure
Resource requirements
Risk register
.3 Work performance data
.4 Agreements
.5 Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques Outputs
.1 Data analysis .1 Work performance
Alternatives analysis information
Cost-benefit analysis .2 Change requests
Performance reviews .3 Project management plan
Trend analysis updates
.2 Problem solving Resource management plan
.3 Interpersonal and team skills Schedule baseline
Negotiation Cost baseline
Influencing .4 Project documents updates
.4 Project management Assumption log
information system Issue log
Lessons learned register
Physical resource
assignments
Resource breakdown
structure
Risk register
 Reference

❖ PM BOK, Project Management Body Of Knowledge Six

Edition, Project Management Institute