Unit 7

Lesson 1

happy (happier)

dangerous (more dangerous)

safe (safer)

healthy (healthier)

small (smaller)

big (bigger)

intelligent (more intelligent)

funny (funnier)

useful (more useful)

poisonous (more poisonous)

heavy (heavier)

fast (faster)
Plane travel is (a lot safer) than car travel.
Thunderstorms are (a lot less dangerous) than hurricanes.
Laptops are (a bit) heavier than tablets.
The Internet is (a lot more useful) than an encyclopedia.
The Hennessey Venom GT (435km/hour) is (a bit faster) than the Bugatti Veyron
Super Sport (431km/hour).

Grammar – Comparison: a bit (more) / a lot (less)

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Example An ostrich can run a bit faster than a red kangaroo. (fast +)

A horse can run (a bit faster than) a lion. (fast +)

A mountain lion can jump (a lot further than) a red kangaroo. (far ++)
A giraffe can run (a lot faster than) a polar bear. (fast ++)
A red kangaroo is (a lot less heavy than) a grizzly bear. (heavy --)
A giraffe is (a lot taller than) a grizzly bear. (tall ++)
A Galapagos giant tortoise is (a lot slower than) a lion. (slow ++)
A grizzly bear is (a bit lighter than) a Galapagos giant tortoise. (light +)

Reading – The Dart Frog (1)

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Hunters used the poison from the dart frogs (on their arrows).
The blue dart frog is a lot (less) poisonous than the golden dart frog.
The poison comes from (the insects and plants).
There are (a lot fewer) blue dart frogs now than in the past.
The blue dart frog is (more endangered than) the golden dart frog.

Reading – The Dart Frog (2)

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The blue dart frog is not as poisonous as the plants and insects it eats. (TRUE)
The dart frog can kill you. (TRUE)
The dart frogs live in the desert. (FALSE)
The dart frogs are only poisonous when they are in the forest. (TRUE)
You can save the dart frogs by buying them as pets. (FALSE)

GORILLA
LEOPARD
ELEPHANT
LION
DOLPHIN
GOAT
SNAKE
MONKEY
DEER
HORSE
DOG
CROCODILE
MOUSE
FROG
COW
HIPPO
SHARK
OX
BAT
TIGER
Leson 2

Grammar – Comparison: (not) as ... as

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Example A mouse is not as intelligent as a dolphin.

A shark (is not as) small (as a mosquito).

A hippo (is not as) big (as an elephant).
A (giraffe) can run (as fast as) a kangaroo.
An ant (is not as) dangerous (as a crocodile).
A leopard (is not as) tall (as a horse).

Listening – Dangerous activities (1)

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Haluk went (parasailing) last weekend.

A lot more people die from (drowning) than go parasailing.
Between 1982 and 2012 one hundred and thirty million people went parasailing
and only (73) people died.
More people die from (bee stings) than from jumping out of an aeroplane.
Many children die each year because they can’t (swim).

Listening – Dangerous activities (2)

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Parasailing is the most (amazing) thing Haluk has ever done.

A lot (more) people die from drowning than from parachute jumping.
One in 75 million people die on rides at an (amusement park).
Most sports are a lot (less) dangerous than swimming.
Adem isn't scared of heights. He hasn't got (acrophobia).
Lesson 3

Grammar – Comparison: -ing forms as nouns

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A (Swimming) (swim) is a great sport, isn’t it?

B Yes, it is but I hate (diving) (dive).

A Are you any good at (climbing) (climb)?

B No, I’m not. I’m afraid of heights.

A Really? Then I don’t think you’ll like (paragliding) (paraglide).

B No, I never want to do that.

A (Skateboarding) (skateboard) is fun.

B Oh, I love (skateboarding) (skateboard). I enjoy (skiing) (ski) too.

 What about you?

A Well, (cycling) (cycle) is good exercise and I love hill (walking) (walk).

B What don’t you like doing?

A Well, I’m afraid of (going) (go) to the dentist. I hate that. What about you?

B I’m terrified of (singing) (sing) in front of people. I hate karaoke!!

Vocabulary – Phobias
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Mark is afraid of heights. (acrophobia)

Maria is afraid of spiders. (arachnophobia)
Elena is terrified of ants and flies and beetles. (insectophobia)
I am afraid of going to the dentist. (dentophobia)
My grandmother is really afraid of open spaces. (agoraphobia)
Some regimes in the past have been afraid of books. (bibliophobia)

Vocabulary plus – Idioms with as ... as

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He can't see. He's as blind as a (bat).

She can run really fast. She's as fast as (lightning).
She is never naughty. She's as good as (gold).
He's not afraid of anything. He's as cool as (a cucumber).
Don't worry. She can carry those suitcases. She's as strong as (an ox).
He never says anything. He's as quiet as a (mouse).
Your fingers are as cold as (ice).

A I'm (bored). Watching TV's (boring). Let's do something more (interesting).

B But this horror film is really good. It's very (frightening).

A No, it's not. It's not scaring me.

B What do you watch on TV?

A I don't watch much TV but I like documentaries about animals.

They're (fascinating). I love

those programmes where they travel into the Amazon rainforest.

They're (amazing).
B Maybe, but I'm (amazed) that you don't like horror films.

Vocabulary – Phrasal verbs with out

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A Shall I get some cream for the cake?

B Yes, but don't buy that cream. Look at the label on the packet.

It's (out of date).

A Oh, no! We've (run out of) milk.

B Don't worry! I'll go to the shop and get some.

A Wait for me. I'll just buy a chocolate bar from the vending machine.

B You can't. Look at the sign. It's (out of order).

A There's a sign on the gate. It says, (‘Keep out').

B The factory produces chemicals so it's probably dangerous.

A What's your brother doing now? Is he still working in I.T.?

B No, he's (out of work) at the moment.

He's looking for a job.

A You should always keep medicines (out of reach) of children.

B I do. I always keep them on a high shelf in my bathroom cupboard.

Everyday English: Dialogue – Giving yourself time to think

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A What's the funniest film you've ever seen?

B (Let me think) ... Yes, it was a film called The Grand Budapest Hotel.

A Come on. We need to go. We'll miss the bus.

B (Hang on a minute.) I'm nearly ready.

A Are you ready to go?

B Yes, I am but I can't find my key.

A (That's annoying!)

B I know. I've looked everywhere.

A What's your (all-time favourite) film?

B I don't have one. I like loads of different films.

A Have you seen the film, Mr Turner?

B No, I haven't. (What's it about?)

A It's about the artist, J.M.W. Turner.

B Oh, yes! I read a review about that.

(A What did you do last night?)

(B I went to the cinema with Lucas.)
(A Oh, did you? What did you see?)
(B We saw Dracula Untold.)
(A I've heard of that. Who stars in it?)
(B Luke Evans. He's a Welsh actor. And Sarah Gadon.)
A Oh, yes. She was in The Amazing Spider-Man 2. She played Kari. What's it
about?
No, don't tell me. Silly question. It's about Dracula.
A I've heard of that. Who stars in it? (B Yes, it is, but it's about the origin of the
Dracula legend. The film is set in the fifteenth century.
Vlad Tepes (Dracula) fights the Ottoman army of Sultan Mehmet II to protect his
kingdom.)
(A What did you think of it?)
(B I thought it was brilliant. You should definitely go and see it.)

Unit 8

A Have you got (everything) for your presentation?

B I can't find my memory stick. I've looked (everywhere) for it. Have you seen
it (anywhere)?

A It's there in your laptop.

B Oh, yes. Thanks. Right, I think that's (everything). I don't think I've
forgotten (anything).

A You haven't got any scissors or any sharp objects in your hand luggage?

B No, there's (nothing) sharp in my hand luggage.

A Who's meeting you at the airport?

B (Somebody) from the company is meeting me.

A Has (anybody) called you about the change of hotel yet?

B No, (nobody) has called me about it. I'll see when I get there. Well wish me
luck.

A Good luck. I'm sure it will all go well.

They invited us for lunch. (They must be at home.)

He isn't in the house. (He must be in the garden.)
She's gone home early. (She must be ill.)
He didn't sleep very well last night. (He must be tired.)
She remembered my name. (She must have a good memory.)
They live next door to you. (You must know them.)
They look alike. (They must be sisters.)

Grammar – must and can't for deductions

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A Hello. Can I speak to Kate, please?

B I'm sorry, there's nobody here with that name. You (must) have got the wrong
number.

A I can't find my memory stick.

B You (must) have left it at home.

A I'm hungry. Let's go and get something to eat.

B You (can't) be hungry. We've just had lunch.

A (a dog barks) I didn't know that Sam had a dog.

B He doesn't have a dog. This (can't) be the right house.

A There's nobody here. We've got the wrong day.

B It (can't) be the wrong day. I wrote the day down in my diary.

A Ellie is Andrew's sister.

B She (can't) be his sister. She doesn't look like him at all.
Lesson 2

A What do you do when you feel stressed?

B I listen to music. It (helps) me relax.

A I eat chocolate when I'm upset. It (makes) me feel better.

B Really? I usually watch a film or read a book when I'm upset.

A Have you got a car?

B No, I haven't. My sister (lets) me driver hers.

A I can't come to Spain with you.

B Why not?

A The thought of flying in a plane (makes) me nervous.

A You should do more exercise. Running (helps) you to lose weight.

B I know but I'm lazy.

Listening – Public Speaking Disasters (1)

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Leyla is worried about losing her memory stick. (FALSE)

If she forgets something in her talk, she should wait. (TRUE)
Leyla shouldn’t be afraid to ask the audience for help. (TRUE)
Losing her laptop is Leyla’s worst nightmare. (FALSE)
Marcus advises her to use as many slides as possible. (FALSE)

Listening – Public Speaking Disasters (2)

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Leyla is worried that somebody will (steal) her laptop.

Leyla is going to save her talk on her (memory stick).
Leyla is worried that her mind will go (blank).
It's important to (practise) her talk.

Vocabulary – Presentations
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I don't want people to know about this. I'm (embarrassed) about it.
You can't help feeling (anxious). Giving a talk makes everybody feel nervous.
He thought his talk was perfect. He was (over-confident) about it.
I have (painful) memories of being laughed at in school.
They (criticised) me for making my speech too long.
It's good to be a bit nervous. It (keeps you on your toes).

Leson 3

Grammar – Possessive pronouns: mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs

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A Whose are these glasses? Are they (yours)?

B No, they're not (mine). Helen wears glasses. I think they're (hers).

A Are these Antonio's discs?

B Yes, they're (his). He left them here for you.

A Has everybody got a copy of the report?

B Yes, I think so.

C We haven't got copies yet. These two copies must be (ours) then.

A Can Deniz and Elif collect their tickets for the conference from you?

B No, they can't. Mehmet has got the tickets now. They'll have to collect (theirs)
from him.

Reading – Using Drama For Writing Skills (1)

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Using drama in class made students more confident. (TRUE)

At the end of the project, the students' speaking skills were not very
good. (FALSE)
The survey found that boys preferred non-fiction. (FALSE)
Stories don't make students use their imagination. (FALSE)
At the end of the project, teachers felt positive about using drama. (TRUE)
Reading – Using Drama For Writing Skills (2)
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Drama (helped) the boys to improve their writing skills.

Drama (made) writing more fun.
Drama (didn't make) the students' attitude to writing less positive.
The teachers chose scenes from (two) books.
Fiction helps students to be more (creative).

Vocabulary plus: Dialogue – Phrasal verbs with give and take

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A Are you still playing tennis at the weekends?

B Yes, but I want to stop. ( (give it up))

A Oh, that's a shame. I thought you enjoyed it.

B I do enjoy it, but Jake has asked me to play squash with him. I'm going
to start playing squash.

( (take up))

A In that case, you can return the tennis racket I lent you. ( (give me back))

B Yes, of course. Do you have a squash racket you could lend me?

A No, I don't, but Sarah doesn't need hers any more. I'm sure she'll let you have
it. ( (is giving hers away))

B Really? I'll give her a call then and ask her.

A It's a bit hot in here.

B Remove your coat then. ( (take off))

Everyday English: Dialogue – Beginning and ending a talk

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Teacher Now we've listened to the talk. Let's discuss the language, the speaker
used. How did the speaker begin her talk?

Can anyone remember? Yes, Elif.

Elif (I'm delighted to be here this evening to talk about)

Teacher Yes, thank you, Amy. That's a good way to begin. It's quite formal. Can
anyone think of another way to begin?

Yes, Andre.

Andre How about, (Good evening. Thank you so much for coming.)

Teacher Yes, that's good. You can thank everyone for coming. Well, we're
coming to the end of the lesson now.

(Are there any questions?)

Elif Yes. If I'm giving a talk, and I want to direct the audience to my website.
What should I say?

Teacher Any ideas? Yes, Antonio.

Antonio (And if you want to know more, just go to my website.)

Teacher Perfect. Yes, Andre.

Andre You haven't told us how to end a talk.

Teacher No, I haven't. What did the speaker say? Can you remember?

Amy She said, ' (That brings me to the end of my talk.)'

Teacher Yes that’s right. And if you want to summarize your talk, you could
say (To sum up, what I’d like to say is …). That’s another option. Any
more questions? (pause) No. Well, then. That brings me to the end of
my lesson.

Vocabulary – Presentation equipment

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yormem ckist (memory stick) dilse (slide)

bleca (cable) soume (mouse)

motere trolcon (remote control) glup (plug)

ectorproj (projector) toppal (laptop)

neecrs (screen) yekdoarb (keyboard)

Vocabulary – Presentation equipment

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A I've saved everything onto my (memory stick) for you.

B Thanks. I've saved everything onto my (laptop) too.

A You'll need to take a European (plug) with you.

B OK. Do you think I need to use a (microphone)?

A No, I don't think so. The room is quite small. I think they'll all be able to hear
you without one.

B I won't use a (mouse). I'll just use the (keyboard) on my laptop.

A OK. Well, good luck.

Vocabulary plus – Nouns- adjectives

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adjectives with suffix -ful:

nouns:
Not assigned: wonder (adjectives with suffix -ful), pain (adjectives with suffix -ful),
knowledge (nouns), control (nouns), peace (adjectives with suffix -ful), help
(adjectives with suffix -ful), comfort (nouns), use (adjectives with suffix -ful), nerve
(nouns), success (adjectives with suffix -ful), project (nouns), colour (adjectives
with suffix -ful), stress (adjectives with suffix -ful), show (nouns)

Vocabulary plus – Nouns- adjectives

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The artist has used lots of colours. The picture is very (colourful).
I think everybody enjoyed the conference. It's been very (successful).
Giving a talk is always (stressful). I always feel nervous.
Thank you very much. You've been very (helpful).
That's a very (useful) piece of information. I'll include it in my talk.
Miranda gave a (wonderful) talk. Everybody really enjoyed it.