 Marine pollution is the introduction of substances or energy from humans into

the marine environment resulting in such deleterious effects as harm to living resources,
hazards to human health, hindrance to marine activities including fishing, impairment of
qualityDisruption of Coral Reefs
The oil spill keeps floating on the surface of the water. This thick layer above the surface of the
water prevents sunlight from reaching marine flora and fauna. This leads to serious consequences
to plant life by cutting down the process of photosynthesis. There are health problems that arise
from the prolonged effect of oil spills. These can be seen in the form of skin irritation, eye
irritation, lung and liver problems have a worsening impact on the marine life.
 Reproductive System failure of Marine animals
Industrial & agricultural wastes have many impurities in them which contains hazardous
chemicals that are no lesser than poisons for the marine organisms. The chemicals from the
chemical pesticides accumulate in the fat tissues of the animals and disrupt the reproductive
system. These substances that accumulate in the organisms stay in them for a really long time.
 Depletes Oxygen Content of the Ocean
It has been observed that most of the debris that is deposited in the ocean does not decompose
easily and they has a long life cycle and remain in the ocean for years at a stretch. The worst
consequence of this debris being in the ocean for so long is as they degenerate, they keep
consuming more and more oxygen from the ocean water. This hampers the present oxygen
content of the water and reduces the oxygen level to a very petty amount, barely sufficient to
maintain the ocean ecology. The reduced levels of oxygen raises a question on the survival of
marine animals and mammals like sharks, dolphins, penguins, whales and turtles and the rate of
survival is deplorably reduced as well.
 Effect on Food Chain
There are numerous chemicals that being used in the agricultural fields and as well as in the
industries. These chemicals often get washed away and flow into the rivers. These rivers then
carry them to the Oceans in turn. These chemicals are unable to dissolve into the ocean water and
remain suspended. Then they slowly sink to the bottom of the ocean floor. These chemicals are
then ingested by the many small animals that survive within the ocean environment. Then these
small animals are eaten by larger animals and then gradually moving up the food chain these
chemicals get bio-accumulated and manifest as serious problems.
 Effects of Toxic Wastes
Oil spills causes havoc in the marine environment and gives rise to some serious troubles. The
oil spilled in the ocean water gets into the feathers of sea birds and gills of marine animals. This
jeopardises with their ability to move or fly properly and handicaps their ability to feed their
young ones. The effects of this are evident is diseases like cancer, failure of the reproductive
system or can even cause death.
 Effects on Human Health
Animals that already under the threat and influence of the chemically influenced food chain are
then eaten by the human beings as well. The toxins that are present within these animals are then
transferred through the food chain into humans as well. The human beings get contaminated with
these toxins as they get deposited in their tissues. These then result to cancer, birth defects or
even long term health problems.
for use of seawater, and reduction of amenities.