science

environment &
society
science
the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic
study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and
natural world through observation and experiment.

environment
the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area,
especially as affected by human activity.

society
the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered
community.
science environment society
study of the natural world people live in.

ARCHITECTURE??
1. PEOPLE
2. ENVIRONMENT
3. FUTURE IMPACT
4. PRECAUTION
DESIGNING AND BUILDING TO LESSEN THE NEGATIVE
IMPACT TO THE ENVIRONMENT.
Fundamental laws
1. PD 1151 : PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT POLICY
2. PD 1216 : DEFINING OPEN SPACES IN RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS
3. PD 1616 : ARCHITECTURAL GUIDELINES FOR INTRAMUROS
4. PD 1303 : REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
5. PD 953 : TREE PLANTING
6. RA 9275 : PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT
7. RA 9003 : ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000
8. RA 8748 : PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 2004
9. RA 6969 : TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTE
10. RA 7160 : LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
11. PD 1586 : ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
PROCLAMATION NO. 2146 (PROCLAIMING CERTAIN AREAS AND
TYPES OF PROJECTS AS ENVIRONMENTALLY CRITICAL AND WITHIN THE
SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT SYSTEM ESTABLISHED UNDER
PD 1586)
Fundamental laws
RA 7942 : PHILIPPINE MINING ACT OF 1995
DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 99-34
RA 7076 : PEOPLES’ SMALL SCALE MINING ACT OF
PD 1899 : ESTABLISHING SMALL SCALE MINING AS A NEW DIMENSION IN MINERAL
DEVELOPMENT
RA 7586 : NATIONAL INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM
RA 8371 : INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS ACT
RA 8435 : AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES MODERNIZATION ACT
EO 263 : COMMUNITY-BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT
EO 481 : PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE
PHILIPPINES
PD 705 : FORESTRY REFORM CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
PD 701 : AMENDED SECTION 36 OF PD 705
RA 3844 : AN ACT TO ORDAIN THE AGRICULTURAL REFORM CODE AND TO INSTITUTE
LAND REFORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
RA 7907 : AMENDED RA 3844 OR CODE OF AGRARIAN REFORM OF THE PHILIPPINES
PD 1067 : THE WATER CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Natural resources
Natural resource is often characterized by amounts
of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in various ecosystems.
Natural resources are derived from the environment. Some of
them are essential for our survival while most are used for satisfying
our wants.

classification
1. Basis of origin:

Biotic – Biotic resources are obtained from the biosphere (living and
organic material), such as forests and animals, and the materials that
can be obtained from them. Fossil fuels Such as coal and petroleum
are also included in this category because they are formed from
decayed organic matter.

Abiotic – Abiotic resources are those that come from non-living, non-
organic material. Examples of abiotic resources include land,
fresh water, air and heavy metals including ores such
as gold, iron, copper, silver, etc.
classification
2. Stages of development:

Potential Resources – Potential resources are those that exist in a

region and may be used in the future. For example, petroleum may
exist in many parts of India, having sedimentary rocks but until the time
it is actually drilled out and put into use, it remains a potential resource.

Actual Resources – Actual resources are those that have been

surveyed, their quantity and quality determined and are being used in
present times. The development of an actual resource, such as wood
processing depends upon the technology available and the cost
involved.

Reserve Resources – The part of an actual resource which can be

developed profitably in the future is called a reserve resource.

Stock Resources – Stock resources are those that have been surveyed
but cannot be used by organisms due to lack of technology. For
example: hydrogen.
classification
2. Renewability :

Renewable resources - are ones that can be replenished naturally.

Some of these resources, like sunlight, air, wind, etc., are continuously
available and their quantity is not noticeably affected by human
consumption. Though many renewable resources do not have such a
rapid recovery rate, these resources are susceptible to depletion by
over-use. Resources from a human use perspective are classified as
renewable only so long as the rate of replenishment/recovery exceeds
that of the rate of consumption.

Non-renewable resources - are resources that form extremely slowly

and those that do not naturally form in the environment. Minerals are
the most common resource included in this category.
Natural resources in the
Philippines
The Philippines is rich in natural
resources. It has fertile, arable lands,
diverse flora and fauna, extensive coastlines,
and rich mineral deposits.

About 30% of the land area of the country was

determined be geologically prospective by the
Philippine Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau. But
Only 1.5% of country's land area is covered with
mining permits.
Natural resources in the
Philippines
Despite the rich natural resources of the
Philippines, the government is
restricting its exploitation. A logging
ban is imposed on many areas of the
country and only in select areas are
"sustainable logging" allowed.
However illegal logging and small-scale
illegal mining continues is many areas. In
July 2012, President Benigno Aquino III
ordered a stop to all mining activities in all
(78 areas) protected and eco-tourism sites.
A positive step in the right
direction to protect
the natural resources of the
Philippines.
Natural resources in the
Philippines The Ocean
Being surrounded by the ocean, it is no
surprise that the Philippines relies on the waters
as an important natural resource. There are
more than 640,000 square miles of territorial
waters in the Philippines and within these
waters, there is an abundance of marine life
and materials that are valuable to the nation's
people and those across the world. At least 65
species of the 2,400 available species in
Filipino waters have solid commercial value,
and the crabs, seaweed, pearls and other
ocean treasures make the sea among the top
resources for this archipelago.

Minerals
The Philippines is not a petroleum-rich country,
but the land is still full of many valuable
minerals. There are an estimated 21.5 billion
metric tons of metal deposits in the Philippines
and 19.3 billion metric tons of nonmetal
minerals in the ground. Nickel is the most
abundant deposit in the Philippines, while iron
and copper are also present in significant
amounts
Natural resources in the
Philippines
Major Crops
The volcanic history of the archipelago
combined with the wide plains available
throughout the nation make the Philippines a
prime spot for growing crops for domestic use
and export. The Central Luzon, Cagayan Valley
and Negros are among the many places with
fertile soil in the Philippines. This land is the
nation's primary source of livelihood. The chief
crops of the nation include rice, corn,
sugarcane, abaca and tobacco, according to
the Philippine History website. The rice and corn
are used domestically, but the rest is used as a
major export.

Flora & Fauna

The tropical climate in the Philippines makes it an
ideal location for flowers and plants. The islands
have more than 2 million species of plants, and
several of them are found nowhere else on the
planet. Much of the flora in the Philippines, while
diminished by over harvesting, is used as an
important natural resource as ingredients in
commercially exported products.
 Research:
1. PD 1151 : PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT POLICY
2. PD 1216 : DEFINING OPEN SPACES IN RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS
3. PD 1616 : ARCHITECTURAL GUIDELINES FOR INTRAMUROS
4. PD 1303 : REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
5. PD 953 : TREE PLANTING
6. RA 9275 : PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT
7. RA 9003 : ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000
8. RA 8748 : PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 2004
9. RA 6969 : TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTE
10. RA 7160 : LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
11. PD 1586 : ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
PROCLAMATION NO. 2146 (PROCLAIMING CERTAIN AREAS AND
TYPES OF PROJECTS AS ENVIRONMENTALLY CRITICAL AND WITHIN THE
SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT SYSTEM ESTABLISHED UNDER
PD 1586)

Short bond
font: century gothic, font size: 11
ring bind, green cover.
Submission: 11.23.13 (next meeting)