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01 - Introduction To Clean Agent Systems-K-F-LAT
01 - Introduction To Clean Agent Systems-K-F-LAT
Agent Systems
Halon 1301
• In 1947 that research by the Purdue Research Foundation and the
U.S. Army resulted in the discovery of two effective low toxicity
Halons: 1211 and 1301.
• It was introduced as an effective total flooding gaseous fire
suppression agent in the 1960s
– aircraft,
– mainframe computers,
– telecommunication switching centers
• Halon 1301 is also used in the F-16 fighter aircraft to prevent
vapors in the fuel tanks from becoming explosive. Upon entering
areas with possible unfriendly fire, Halon 1301is injected into the
fuel tanks for one-time use.
Montreal Protocol
• An international treaty designed to protect the
ozone layer by phasing out the production of
a number of substances believed to be
responsible for ozone depletion.
• The treaty was opened for signature on
September 16, 1987, and entered into force
on January 1, 1989. Approximately 196 states
have currently signed it.
• The Montreal Protocol required that all
production of new Halon cease by January 1,
1994. Recycled Halon and inventories
produced before January 1, 1994, are now
the only sources of supply.
Major Users of Halon 1301 Today
10% 5% US Millitary
47%
19% Areo Space
Petro-Chem
Telecom
19% Other
• Offered in
– 11 lb Demo Container,
– 661 lb Drums
– 2425 lb totes
Key Applications
• Pharmaceutical / Healthcare
• Data processing centers
• Telecommunications
– Cell sites, switching centers
• Industrial
– Oil and gas
• Museum & cultural heritage
• Any environmentally
sensitive market or end user
The Kidde Engineered System
Available Sizes:
• 10, 20, 40, 70 lb.
-Vertical only
• 125, 200, 350 lb.
• 600 and 900 lb.
The Kidde System Limits - Compared
• Sapphire™ Vs. Kidde’s engineered system
Kidde Sapphire™
Operating
32 to 130 F 32 to 130 F
Temperature
Maximum
910 lbs 850 lbs
Cylinder Size
Nozzle
35.5 x 35.5 32 x 32
Coverage
Min Nozzle
61 psig 73 psig
Pressure
The Kidde System Limits - Compared
• Sapphire™ Vs. Kidde’s engineered system
Kidde Sapphire™
% Agent in
100% 80%
Pipe
• Recharge capability
Kidde ARGONITE®,
THE NATURAL ALTERNATIVE
INERT Gas
• Two commonly, commercially available Inert gases
• Mixture of naturally occurring gases:
IG-55 IG-541
– Nitrogen 50% 52%
– Argon 50% 40%
– Carbon Dioxide 0% 8%
Features of Argonite Agent
• No decomposition products
• Clean, naturally occurring gases
• Electrically non-conductive
• Effective against Class A, B and C fires
How Does it Work?
• Extinguishes through physical means
• Reduces enclosure’s O2 concentration
• Safe for people
Determining Human Safety
• NOAEL and LOAEL
– No Observable Adverse Effects Level
– Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level
50
40 52
43
30
20
10
12 10
0
Residual Oxygen % NOAEL/LOAEL %
Human Safety/Design Concentration
Design Concentration vs. NOAEL/LOAEL
60% 52.0%
50% 43.0%
37.9% 39.1%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Class A Class B NOAEL LOAEL
ENVIRONMENTAL
• Oxygen Depletion Potential (ODP): 0
• Global Warming Potential (GWP): 0
• Atmospheric Lifetime (ALT): 0
Agent Listings/Approvals
• IG-55 (Argonite) agent carries
health and safety approvals in
many countries and is on the
US EPA SNAP list.
INERT Gas
• The marketer of IG-541 claims that the CO2 in the mix of
their product enhances the body’s ability to assimilate
Oxygen by increasing a persons respiration rate and the
body’s ability to absorb Oxygen.
• The marketers of IG-55 claim that CO2 is not required to help
a person breathe in a >12% O2 environment, as
concentration levels are below the NOAEL.
• US EPA position
Argonite Applications
Markets for Argonite
• Environmentally sensitive
end-users/industries
Benefits of Argonite Agent
• A truly “green” agent
• A safe work environment
• Readily available
• Easy to mix
• Longer hold time
Benefits of Argonite System
• Air tight enclosure not required
• No agent related downtime
• Cost-effective system
Argonite Weaknesses
• Large cylinder footprint/storage
• Pressure relief venting
• High pressure hardware/piping – costs
Large Scale Argonite System
Features of Argonite System
• Multiple release modes
• Selector Valve option reduces costs
• Operating Temperature:
-20ºF to +130ºF
System Listings/Approvals
• Factory Mutual Research Corporation
• Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada
Argonite Summary
• Argonite should not be marketed as a direct competitor
of FM-200.
• Argonite is an environmentally friendly alternative and a
welcome addition to our portfolio.
FE-25 (HFC-125)
“Rumors” to the next best clean agent
• It’s a drop in replacement for 1301
• It’s better
• It is very “green”
• It does everything
• It’s cheaper
• It can . . .
Some History
• In the early 90’s there were a lot of births
Design
4.2% 7.0% 8.0% ~38%
Conc.
• Smart systems
– Aries
Suppression
• Agent options
– FM-200
– Novec 1230
– Argonite
– FE-13
– CO2
Suppression System Options
• Super-pressurized with Nitrogen
– ECS FM-200
– Novec1230 Systems
• Self-pressurized
– FE-13 Systems
– CO2 Systems
– Argonite
• Hybrid
– ADS FM-200
Integration
• Advantages of complete Kidde system to end users
– Single source provider
– Specifiable
– Cost savings to end user
– Enhanced reliability & compatibility
– No service responsibility questions
– Complete warranty coverage
Integration
• Disadvantages of multi-part solution to end users
– Multiple equipment manufacturers
– More cost and time
– Poor reliability & compatibility
– Multiple service providers
– Little or no warranty coverage
– Poor response during difficulty (lots of finger
pointing)
Integration
• Advantages of complete Kidde solution to Customer
– Trust and credibility
– Engineering expertise
– Training experience and future training costs
– Less inventory
– Reduced administrative costs
– Warranty support
Industry Websites
• www.kiddefiresystems.com
• www.ul.com
• http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/Novec1230/Home/
• http://www2.dupont.com/FE/en_US/
• www.cganet.com
• www.fssa.net
Questions? - Comments? -
Discussions?
The End