ORPHANAGE AND OLD AGE HOME

INTRODUCTION OF ORPHANAGE:-
Historically, an orphanage was a residential institution, or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and
other children who were separated from their biological families. Examples of what would cause a child to
be placed in orphanages are when the biological parents were deceased, the biological family was abusive to
the child, there was substance abuse or mental illness in the biological home that was detrimental to the
child, or the parents had to leave to work elsewhere and were unable or unwilling to take the child. The role
of legal responsibility for the support of children whose parent have died or are otherwise unable to provide
care differs internationally.

The use of government-run orphanages has been phased out in the United States, Canada, the United
Kingdom, and in the European Union member-states during the latter half of the 20th century but continue to
operate in many other regions internationally. While the term "orphanage" is no longer typically used in the
United States, nearly every US state continues to operate residential group homes for children in need of a
safe place to live and in which to be supported in their educational and life-skills pursuits. Homes like
the Milton Hershey School in Pennsylvania, Mooseheart in Illinois and the Crossnore School and Children's
Home in North Carolina continue to provide care and support for children in need. While a place like the
Milton Hershey School houses nearly 2,000 children, each child lives in a small group-home environment
with "house parents who often live many years in that home. Children who grow up in these residential
homes have higher rates of high school and college graduation than those who spend equivalent numbers of
years in the US Foster Care system, wherein only 44 to 66 percent of children graduate from high school.

Research from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is often cited as demonstrating that
residential institutions negatively impact the wellbeing of children. The BEIP selected orphanages in
Bucharest, Romania that raised abandoned children in socially and emotionally deprived environments in
order to study the changes in development of infants and children after they had been placed with specially
trained foster families in the local community. This powerful study demonstrated how the lack of loving
attention typically provided to children by their parents or caregivers is pivotal for optimal human
development, specifically of the brain; adequate nutrition is not enough. Further research of children who
were adopted from institutions in Eastern European countries to the US demonstrated that for every 3.5
months that an infant spent in the institution, they lagged behind their peers in growth by 1 month. Further, a
meta-analysis of research on the IQs of children in orphanages found lower IQs among the children in many
institutions, but this result was not found in the low-income country setting.

Worldwide, residential institutions like orphanages can often be detrimental to the psychological
development of affected children. In countries where orphanages are no longer in use, the long-term care of
unwarded children by the state has been transitioned to a domestic environment, with an emphasis on
replicating a family home. Many of these countries, such as the United States, utilize a system of monetary
stipends paid to foster parents to incentivize and subsidize the care of state wards in private homes. A
distinction must be made between foster care and adoption, as adoption would remove the child from the
care of the state and transfer the legal responsibility for that child's care to the adoptive parent completely
and irrevocably, whereas in the case of foster care, the child would remain a ward of the state with the foster
parent acting only as caregiver.

Most children who live in orphanages are not orphans; four out of five children in orphanages have at least
one living parent and most having some extended family Developing countries and their governments rely
on kinship care to aid in the orphan crisis, because it is cheaper to financially help extended families in
taking in an orphaned child than it is to institutionalize them. Additionally, developing nations are lacking in
child welfare and their well-being because of lack of resources. Research that is being collected in the
developing world shows that these countries focus purely on survival indicators instead of a combination of
their survival and other positive indicators like a developed nation would do. This speaks to the way that
many developed countries treat an orphan crisis, as the only focus is to obtain a way to insure their survival.
In the developed nations orphans can expect to find not only a home but also these countries will try an
ensure a secure future as well. Furthermore, orphans in developing nations are seen as a problem that needs
to be solved, this also makes them vulnerable to exploitation or neglect. In Pakistan, alternative care for
orphans often falls on to extended families and Pakistan society as the government feels puts the burden of
caring for orphans on them. Although it is very common for Pakistan citizens to take in orphans because of
their culture and religion only orphans whose parents have died are taken in. This neglects a population of
children who need alternative care either due to abuse or parents who are unable to care for their child
because of poverty, mental, or physical issues.

A few large international charities continue to fund orphanages, but most are still commonly founded by
smaller charities and religious groups. Especially in developing countries, orphanages may prey on
vulnerable families at risk of breakdown and actively recruit children to ensure continued funding.
Orphanages in developing countries are rarely run by the state. However, not all orphanages that are state-
run are less corrupted; the Romanian orphanages, like those in Bucharest, were founded due to the soaring
population numbers catalyzed by dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu, who banned abortion and birth control and
incentivized procreation in order to increase the Romanian workforce.

Today's residential institutions for children, also described as congregate care, include group
homes, residential child care communities, children's homes, refuges, rehabilitation centers, night shelters,
and youth treatment centers.
DEFINITION OF ORPHANAGE:-

An orphanage is a place where children without parents are cared for and housed.

If a child has no parents — because the parents died or lost custody — the child is considered an orphan. Orphans
are parentless. An orphanage is an institution that takes care of orphans. An orphanage will care for tiny babies
and also older children without parents. Orphanages care for children until they can be placed in homes and
adopted.

HISTORY OF ORPHANAGE:-

There have been children’s home or orphanages , since the middle age ( A.D.500-1500). When cities towns
or church organization provides for homeless children. The first orphanage in north America was opned by
roman catholic nums in 1729 after Indian massacred all the adult settler in natechez , Mississippi.

By the 1830s, the united states had 23 orphanages. Twenty year later in 1850 , new york state alone had 27
orphanages condition in these orphanage were not very good compared to today’s standard philadelphia’s
house of refuge orphanage packed 100 orphans into four dormitories. In new york city house of refuge
bathub kept kids in lines by treating them as little soldiers. They drilled the orphans, put them on parade and
had them march to meal.

In 1916, in response to child abuse scandal , a new york state government commission investigated
orphanage the commission found little children with their hair cropped [cut very short]…..sitting at wooden
bench and eating out of tin plates………some without anything to eat at all.

The commission found some children doing drudgery , working eight or more hours a day, with only one
hour of schooling and that a night.

Between of 1890s to 1930s many orphans were put on orphans trains and shipped out west to be adopted by
farming families for form labour.

By the 1930s administrators had begun traning large orphanage into smaller and priendtles group. Home
presided over by cottages parents government also developed alternatives to orphanages such as foster care
and widow pension which was money give to mothers to help their children at home. This was the beginning
of welfare. By the 1970s most orphanages were out of business replaced by the foster care and other
alternative. By the 1970s most orphanages were out of business replaced by the foster care and other
alternative.
INTRODUCTION OF OLD AGE HOME:-

A retirement home – sometimes called an old people's home or old age home, although old people's
home can also refer to a nursing home – is a multi-residence housing facility intended for the elderly.
Typically, each person or couple in the home has an apartment-style room or suite of rooms. Additional
facilities are provided within the building. This can include facilities for meals, gatherings, recreation
activities, and some form can be bought in perpetuity on the same basis as a condominium.

A retirement home differs from a nursing home primarily in the level of medical care given. Retirement
communities, unlike retirement homes, offer separate and autonomous homes for residents.

An old age home is usually the place , a home for those old people who have no one to look after them or
those who have been thrown out of their homes by their children. the place is of course like home where the
immates get all the facilities for a routine living like food clothing and shelter.

All these necessities are well looked after but the much- needed love and care of love ones is of course sadly
missing for how can outsiders provides solace? in these homes it is very interesting and even touching to talk
to people they are men or woman. Helpless people of above 60 years irrespective of race, cast and creed can
be rehabilitated with the full responsibility in a centre named old age home/nursing home. all basic
amenities like accommodation , food, cloths , medicines and other facilities are provided free of cost to the
neglected, unable to earn livelihood and helpless old people of above 60 years till their death in the centre.
Necessary medical facilities are also provided. There is required number of nurse to look after the elderly.
The centre may also have its own health care elderly. Where there are an MMBS doctor and several
compounders for treatments of elderly. Necessary medicines are priscribed and provided free of cost and
ambulances are there available in case patients need to be transported to other medical centre/ hospital. It can
have a pathological laboratory and E-Ray machine for medical diagnosis. The elderly will receive free
medical check-up regularly at the medical centre.
DEFINITION OF OLD AGE HOME:-

Old age homes are meant for senior citizens who are unable to stay with their families or are destitute. For
older people who have nowhere to go and no one to support them, old age homes provide a safe haven.
These homes also create a family like atmosphere among the residents. Senior citizens experience a sense of
security and friendship when they share their joys and sorrows with each other.

HISTORY OF OLD AGE HOME:-

In the recent times individualism, independence, and achieved position in the family are becoming part of
family culture in India. Sometimes nowadays, the separation is generated by the old themselves, when they
feel self-sufficient and desire independence. The concept of old age homes is gradually emerging as the most
viable option among the senior members of society. The demand of OAHs is increasing day by day in Urban
India.
The data above shows that the concept of old age homes is spreading and increasing in Indian culture. In
1992 the number of old age homes in India was 289; in 1995 the number rose to 354. After three years i.e. in
1998 the number increased to double the number in 1995 and reached to 728. A decade later in the year 2002
the number of old age homes in India rose to 963 which further rose to 1018 in year
2006 and according to directory published in 2009 the number old age home has reached to 1200 and in
2010 it has touched 1258. The steep rise from year 1992 to 2010 has shown that the concept of institutional
living has been widely accepted by the Indian society.
 MY STUDY

As a responsible citizen of the country I decide to carry out my research work on an orphanage and old age
home in locality near by me.childhood is a tender tender and delicate stage in the life span of human being.
At this stage people require a great deal of care, love and nature in order to have a robust set of values and
morals. The required care, love and nurture are generally impact to us by our families. But there are many
children not fortune enough like we are, yes I am talking about orphans and not having a family doesn’t
make them any less of a human. They too have a comfortable shelter just like us.

Now I will talk about similar case with slightly different parameters. Many of us because of our egocentric,
egotistical and selfish nature tend to forsake our own parents who look care and nartured us. Many of us end
up abandoning our parents at old age homes.

Now if we consider both the above case we could infer that they both lack a mutual feeling and that is deep
affection, warmth, attachment and love orphans always deficient of parents or elderly love and abandoned
parents always deficient of the love obtained from children.

The idea behind the topic is to create:-

 An interactive platform for old age home and orphanage:-

Even if we combine an old age home with an orphanage we need to have a planned

Space or platform where they both can interact. We can’t always put both the generation

Together as they have different priorities.

 Careful planning of space:-

It might happen that some of the elder people may have some contagious disease.
Hence they have to be isolated from the children. There for careful planning is required
So that space are segregated but not isolated.
 Different abled:-
It may happen that some of the elder people are differently able and hence need to be
Catered . and not just elder people also the children could be differently abled. So the
Building should be responsive to such kind of people.
 Low cost scheme:-
Mostly such building are funded by NGOs and hence need to be as cost effective as
Possible . So techniques of low cost housing will be applied essentially.
OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT:-

The old-age people can spend their last days with the kids as if they are spending good time with their
grandchildren. This is one of the best possible ways to lessen their pain because the old people(many of
them) over there are very much obsessed with their family and they are craving for their love and come
back.

They could easily pass their time by engaging themselves in teaching those kids, helping them in doing
homework, packing their lunch boxes in the morning, plaiting the kids, playing with them rather than chit
chatting with the fellow mates.

Combining them would be beneficial for all of the persons involved.The elderly would feel attached with the
small children. They would find comfort and love in their presence.

The children will also be loved by the elderly . They will gain the love and care of a family which otherwise
they would not get.

But the problems are seemingly small. The elderly have different requirements than the children. They are
two very different age groups. So this can present some problems.

HOW WILL THIS PROJECT SOLVE THIS PROBLEM

We have been identifying orphans and old age home pre-viewing , counselling and providing loading and
boarding facilities for all inmates. Arranging teaching facilities in nearby schools , health chek up to the both
cosmetics. This proposal covers all the orphans and old age home and being providing with nutritional diet
indoor and out- door recreation and play facilities and training.

Firstly, the correct term is "old age home" and not "nursing home" because in India, many private clinics
and health facilities are called "nursing homes". I had got confused by your question, until I read the details.

Now for your theory of merging them with orphanages. I guess it could work. Senior citizens need someone
to talk to, besides fellow residents, and the orphans can benefit from meeting adults who aren't their
caretakers, on a regular basis. Provided , there're enough caretakers who are able to look after both senior
citizens and little children. Also, not all senior citizens would be capable of interacting or living with
children. Some would be too old and fragile to tolerate children. Some may not like children. Also, children
would need to be sensitized about being around old people. Usually our parents teach us how to care about
our grandparents, but caretakers would have to do that for orphans. But that would be needless, because
from my experience in an orphanage, these children are wiser for their age and more caring and empathetic.
But I don't see what else can go wrong.
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

As with all research undertakings, we begin with existing theory. What psychosocial Fame works do
elderliesoperate in ? Erikson, in his eight psychosocial stages of developmen , characterized late adulthood
as the period of Integrity versus Despair. The senior adult who feels a sense of achievement over his life’s
work as a member of mankind has achieved Integrity, while the senior adult who experiences regret over his
life’s choices is in Despair (Miller, 2011). In Villegas’ (2014) in-depth interviews with 15 elderlies in
Laguna, concrete examples of despair and integrity can be seen in the context of dependency and
disengagement. Dependency is evident among the elderlies in that they are financially and physically
supported by their children, even when the family is in grim financial conditions.

The elderlies, however, feel a sense of obligation to relieve the pressures on their grown children by helping
out with household chores. They man sarisari stores, care for their grandchildren, and help in ousecleaning.
Still, there is always an exception to the rule. One of the respondents lived by herself and even supported her
children’s family financially by selling rags and curtains. By doing so, she has maintained her esteem and
independence.

Other elderlies, despite living in the same households as their family, experience disengagement. The
younger generations live a different lifestyle and are often not at home, leaving the elderlies feeling lonely.
This leads the latter to believe that it is better to give freedom to their grown children and allow them to live
their own lives. On a more macro level, what is the current situation of elderlies in our country? The
widespread phenomenon of transnational families cause many migrant parents to hand over the
responsibility of parenting their children to the grandparents.

The disproportionate number of women OFWs, who are incidentally the traditional caregivers of the elderly,
also increase strain on the latter. The elderly who are now ossibly needing care themselves, not only find that
there is no care to be had, but are also put in the position of having to care for others (Villegas, 2014). It is
unclear whether it is more fortunate to live as a senior among family, but under poverty, or to be alone in
life, abandoned as a ward of the state, but have access to medical care and shelter. That is the case, at least in
Golden Acres. Surrounded by greenery and far from pollution, this government-run home for the aged
houses over 200 elderlies, and is relatively clean with good facilities. In Luwalhating Maynila, it is a
different story. Almost 300 residents are accommodated in this home for the aged that was built for only
150. With a budget of P99 per resident per day, the elderlies suffer from skin rashes, overcrowding, and a
high caregiver to patient ratio.

Thirteen other homes for the aged in the country do not qualify for cash incentives and staff training from
the Department of Social Welfare and Development because they have not completed the technical
requirements for accreditation as a nursing home. With a budget that barely covers the living xpenses of its
residents, no resource can be spared in producing a manual of operations or a sanitary and safety certificate
that are required for accreditation “Golden Acres”, 2012).

In order to identify a plan of action that can help the situation of elderlies in our country, we look at other
countries, wherein the role of elders is uniquely defined according to their culture. Kasedde, Doyle, Seeley,
and Ross (2014) conducted in-depth interviews with 13 foster children in rural Uganda, an area stricken with
HIV. The researchers found that grandparents who fostered their orphaned grandchildren experienced
loneliness, despondency and depression caused by the strain of caring. The parents, prior to their deaths,
often explicitly request older extended family to care for their hildren, acknowledging that older people
serve an important role in society as “caregivers, advisers, mediators and gatekeepers”.

In the absence of social welfare from external sources, the theme of reciprocity also appeared as older people
use fostering as a strategy to ensure their immediate and future security. As the children mature, they, i turn,
will care for their grandparents.

Sheridan, Haight , and Cleeland (2011) used mixed methods research design to study
40 children and their 31 caregivers in Illinois. This particular sample had parents involved with
methamphetamine abuse and production, as well as child neglect and physical abuse. After administering the
Child Behavior Checklist for Children (CBCL), researchers found that children who had supportive grand
parents lower scored in scale for social problem.

Old age & orphanage is a curse in any society. Children are the future of our society and if they are left with
no one to take care of them then we are responsible for the increasing crime and poverty. The proposed
orphanages will take care of the education, shelter, health care of these under privileged children.On the
other hand, we have old people being forced out of their homes by the young ones or who have lost their
children and have no one to take care of them. Combining the old people and the orphan child, we are trying
to form a family to take care of each other.

Skill development for women:-

Support destitute women who are affected by triple Talaq / Divorce and otherwise needy women .These
centres would provide them training to develop special / technical skills free of cost so that they are able to
establish themselves and could lead an independent life.

Education Fund for under privileged:-

Establish a fund for supporting brilliant and poor children to full fill their ambition and desire for studies in
good private schools.
 RESEARCH DESIGN

The orphanage and old age home is located in thane west I visit to carry out the research work. This will
help in making proper note on problem face by orphanage and old age home. The research tools that shall be
helpful for the research in conducting the study includes the following tools.

The chapter describe the method and procedure that guide the research. It includes the research design the
variable in the study, data collection method, location of the study, the target population, sampling
techniques and sample size, research instrument and data collection procedure.

Primary data:- the data that is taken place with respect to raw knowledge or the information on the small
scale basis is know as the primary data. The information on this project is taken by visiting a orphanage and
old age home located in near by locality. Questionnaire method is used for identification the view of people.

Secondary data:-the data which is collected by someone who is some other thane the user. It come from
a source other than the research. It can be qualitative, such as diaries , newspaper or government reports. The
secondary data is been collected from the internet and newspaper.

The research used to describe that as a method of describing existing phenomenon by asking about their
perception, attitude and values. Descriptive survey was used in the study because it allows for the collection
of qualification data and data can be gathered from a relatively large number of case at a particular time. The
design was convenient for the study as it aimed at gathering information on management of orphanage and
old age home and its effects on the society .

HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis 1 :-

H0:-orphanage and old age home do not have positive impact to the society in general.

H1:-orphanage and old age home have positive impact to the society general.

Hypothesis 2:-

H0:-orphanage and old age home do not have significant impact on their life and personal
development.

H1:- orphanage homes and old age homes have significant impact on personal development.
In traditional societies it is often argued that parents' desire for old age an orphans in the form of transfers

from their children provides an important motive for childbearing. Some doubt has been cast on this "old age

and orphanage hypothesis" by recent estimates which suggest that the rate of return on investments in

children tend to be negative in most developing countries. This paper presents a theoretical model which

integrates micro-level decision making about fertility and life cycle consumption into a dynamic macro-level

model of overlapping generations in order to investigate the implications of this hypothesis. In this model,

observation of a negative rate of return to children and positive population growth in a traditional society

may imply that the old age and orphanage motive for childbearing is, in fact, very strong; that the rate of

population growth is "too high" from a Paretian point of view; and that each individual in current and all

future generations could be made better off if the rate of population growth were lower and the level of old

age consumption were increased, but that a reduction in population growth alone would reduce welfare. A

social security tax and transfer policy could be devised to induce a Pareto optimal rate of population growth

and distribution of life cycle consumption only if measures are taken to offset the divergence between the

private and social rate of return to society created by the social scheme.

TYPE OF SAMPLING
As the project is only with the respect to one orphanage and one old age house in the locality the sampling
method use is primary. The sample size is key parameter of sample design , whether estimated the size of the
population or its distribution and characteristic. The size of the sample differs depending on whether linked
or stand survey are planned. When the purpose of the survey is took the total population. Then the two
components households residents institution must be combined in linked survey. A study may also be design
for the purpose of examining only one of the components as the stand- alone survey.

GENDER MALE FEMALE

PERCENTAGE (%) 42.86 57.14
COUNT 39 29

OCCUPATION STUDENT EMPLOYED SELF- EMPLOYED

PERCENTAGE (%) 71.43 26.19 2.38
COUNT 30 19 10
PLACE MUMBAI THANE OTHER
PERCENTAGE (%) 64.29 30.95 4.75
COUNT 27 29 10

DATA COLLACTION AND ANLAYSIS

The research have noticed that the majority of elderly and children are unhealthy. Adjusting with food habits
is a major problem with them. The main noticeable point , is it right and justified in today context. If it is
discussed then many will raise hand in favour of this system. It because the old age home and orphanage are
increasing whole around the world. The means more and more people are getting detached from their
parents. The trends are shifting from joint family to nuclear family concept at large scale. The new
generation assimilating their parents as a barrier in this competitive world. The today’s system is arguing
that the two age bands cannot grow together. But still many people attached to the old values and sociability
and are also against the old age home and disqualifying the separation from their parents. Islam completely
disqualify disintegration of parents from the family. There for as far as I know there is no old age home
system in Islamic countries or in muslim communities.

In my project areas of orphans , semi orphans and street children are found. The problem of orphans / street
children is acute to urbanization and industrialization. Due to death of HIV/AIDS affected persone., re-
marriage of deserted/widowed/divorce woman , absence of love and securities in the family, family disputes,
unwanted pregnancy of trafficking/ sexually exploited girls these orphans and street children are left without
care and support. These children are involve in rag packing pick pocketing and participants in anti social ,
criminals activities. Therefor we envisage mainstreaming these children in the national building by
providing car, support and protection of orphanage home.

 The response of the inmates about old age home

Good accommodation medical facilities and good healthy environment were found to be important aspect of
well being amoung the institutionalized elderly.
 Opinion of care givers about the imates
The care givers have responded that the old age home are the nned of the society. The care care givers cited
the circumstances in wich the old age homes become a need. Some caregivers insisted that old age homes
are necessity of the society.
Through the analysis of the view of the insititutionalized respondents many things to old age home seems to
to be clear. From the analysis it is revealed that majority of the responded have physical disability and
disease. They depend on the institution for each and everything and they have no problem in the institution
and are satisfied with the care gives by the intuition.
 The facilities provides by NGO to old age home:-
  The basics: Food, drink, bed, bathroom, medication management, emergency call button, access
to nurses and doctors, TV, optional newspaper. telephone and Internet.
 To keep brain and body healthy and for vital social connection (these vary widely): Group
activities and outings, a lifestyle activities manager, group games, visiting speakers and
entertainment, pets, exercise and walking classes, library, movie library, computers for those
who can still use them, seniors video phones for seeing children and grandchildren.

 FACILITIES PROVIDED TO ORPHANS:-

1. Boarding Facilities:-
Open, spacious, well-furnished and ventilated rooms are used for boarding purposes. Every child is
provided with a bed, mate, bed sheets, cupboard and all other items necessary according to weather.
Similarly, two suits of uniform, one-track suit for games, few suits for common use, two towels,
brush (shoe & teeth), polish, soap and other necessary items of daily use are provided to every
individual. Pocket money is also given to all the children on daily basis.
2. Health Care Unit :-
To provide for the health upkeep of its residents the organization has established a ten-bed hospital in
the building with a commited health incharge on on full-time staff. Khpal Kor Foundation has
established a network of various volunteer specialist doctors, medical officers and paramedics who
make themselves available on an as needed basis. The doctors and other personnel in this community
network provide free medicine for the school hospital. Ambulance is availabe round the clock for
prompt treatment of serious patients at the Medical Center.

3. Regular Education:-
Children are provided modern education from class Nursery to F. Sc in Khpal Kor Model School.
Computer Studies is offered from class two onwards. It is hoped that after the completion of their
education these children will get lucrative jobs and will be able to earn an honorable living for their
families.

4. Co-Curricular Activities:-
In order to inculcate confidence and broaden their outlook, the Khpal Kor children are given
opportunities to participate in various functions held in Mingora and its surrounding areas. These
include Qirat, Naat Khwani, National songs and skit competitions, and declamation contests.
Children are also sent into various scout camps and other extra-curricular events all over the country.

Problems faced by the old people in our society ?

For my point of view old or senior citizens face a lot of problems. It may be psychological , financial both at
home and in social life. I think the most important is that due to break up of the joint family system. Actually
often they lead isolated lives even while living with children. Lack of money also is a problem,this is the
time when medical expenses rise. The other one is climbing stairs, crossing road almost impossible task.

I still think and believe that a majority of the elder citizens in India live with their sons and daughters only. I
do not think that we have grown so rude that we ignore them and do not care for them. They are our own
parents and we grew up being taught to respect them all the times. We need to respect them all the time even
if we oppose the entire world as it is only they who are going to stand along with us against the whole world
even need be. I think the main problems old people are facing today is a sort of ignorance. This is not a
major issue but there are incidents which verify this in our day to day lives. There are old age homes now
which means that these old people are not being taken care of by their sons and daughters. We need to
realize that they sacrifice many things for a better life for us and hence we need to take care of them when
we are able to as we can now earn on our own.

These problems may be divided under 5 heads:-

1.Physiological Problems:-
Old age is a period of physical decline. Even if one does not become sans eyes, sans teeth, sans
everything, right away, one does begin to slow down physically. The physical condition depends partly upon
hereditary constitution, the manner of living and environmental factors. Vicissitudes of living, faulty diet,
malnutrition, infectious, intoxications, gluttony, inadequate rest, emotional stress, overwork, endocrine
disorders and environmental conditions like heat and cold are some of the common secondary causes of
physical decline.

2. Psychological Problems:-
Mental disorders are very much associated with old age. Older people are susceptible to psychotic

depressions. The two major psychotic disorders of older people are senile dementia (associated with cerebral

atrophy and degeneration) and psychosis with cerebral arterio sclerosis (associated with either blocking or

ruptures in the cerebral arteries). It has been observed that these two disorders account for approximately
80% of the psychotic disorders among older people in the civilized societies.

3.Emotional Problem:-
Decline in mental ability makes them dependent. They no longer have trust in their own ability or
judgements but still they want to tighten their grip over the younger ones. They want to get involved in all
family matters and business issues. Due to generation gap the youngste rs do not pay attention to their
suggestion and advice. Instead of developing a sympathetic attitude towards the old, they start asserting their
rights and power. This may create a feeling of deprivation of their dignity and importance.
4. Social Problems:-
Older people suffer social losses greatly with age. Their social life is narrowed down by loss of work
associated, death of relatives, friends and spouse and weak health which restricts their participation in social
activities. The home becomes the centre of their social life which gets confined to the interpersonal
relationship with the family members. Due to loss of most of the social roles they once performed, they are
likely to be lonely and isolated severe chromic health problem enable them to become socially isolated
which results in loneliness and depression.

5. Financial Problem :-
Retirement from service usually results in loss of income and the pensions that the elderly receive are
usually inadequate to meet the cost of living which is always on the rise. With the reduced income they are
reversed from the state of “Chief bread winner to a mere dependent” though they spend their provident fund
on marriages of children, acquiring new property, education of children and family maintenance. The
diagnosis and treatment of their disease created more financial problem for old age.

CURRENT CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS

1 .Indifference of the Elite Class in Society:-

The rich, educated and elite class in society have always considered the orphanages as somebody else
business or others' business. There are only very few exceptions to this. Their involvement in the promotion
of such institutions is often limited to long rhetoric and some contribution in money. They looks down at the
inmates and the workers of these institutions, with a feeling that they depend on the charity and generosity of
the elite. This has given a feeling of isolation and alienation for the workers of orphanages impeding the
growth of self esteem in them.

2.Special Problems Related to Female Inmates:-

The orphanages with female inmates experience many special problems. The facilities for female inmates
require more security and privacy. Similarly they require separate dining halls, prayer halls, study halls and
toilet facilities. Similarly the communication facilities for female inmates require special attention.

3.Health Problems

The orphanage inmates are faced with health problems like fever, headache, viral fever and skin diseases. No
orphanage has a separate treatment room as there is no such provision in the statutes. A sick inmate is kept
along with others, which always invclve the risk of transmitting the disease to others.

4.Non Availability of Permanent staff:-

The staff pattern in orphanages is always subject to transition as there is no uniform staff pattern or statutory
staff pattern. All the sample units reported that they find it difficult to develop a second line of workers for
orphanages. Youngsters are fully reluctant to take up assignments in orphanages. There is a virtual shortage
of efficient and experienced female wardens.

5.Problems of Social Welfare Department

The Social Welfare Department, under which the orphanages are functioning is under staffed to examine the
accounts and records submitted by the orphanages for grant, to conduct routine inspections and to organise
surprise visits to orphanages. The staff pattern of this department has not been revised in accordance with the
increase in the number of orphanages and inmates. This leads to further procedural delays.

PROCESSING OF DATA

Raw data:-The raw data or primary data is collected from the a survey which is conducted through a
mobile application know as google form. Received 55 sample in total and the information gathered is as
follows.

4.80%

21.40%

0-18
18-25
25 and above

73.80%

In the above diagram we come to know that the 73.80% of the survey gather is from the age of people
ranging between 18year age to 25 year of age this because the survey was conducted through online.
The 21.8% of data survey is gather from the people ranging with in the age of 25 and the above.

And the last is 4.80% of data is collected from the age group of the people below to the age of 18years.

Through this was can conclude the data is collected is raw data that is primary data.

And also the research on regarding most visit place orphanage and old age home.

MOST VISITED PLACE

42.90%

57.10%

ORPHANGE

OLD AGE GOME

The data is calculated on the survey basis which was carried out by the online application and each each
individual answer the most visited place orphanage or old age home. Among the questionnaire method
51.10% people answer the old age home and the 42.9%answer the orphans. People visit old age home or
elder care centers because its helps you to understand the value of time and how will change all of us.also
the quality time you will spend with the elderly will not only make them happy but it will also help you learn
many things about love, life and the whole existence from their first-hand experience over the year.
 And also research about merging old age home and orphanage is good idea or
not.

OLD AGE HOME AND ORPHANAGE

90.00%

80.00%

70.00%

60.00%
YES
50.00%
85.70% NO
40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00% 14.30%

0.00%
YES NO

The about data is calculated on the survey basis which was carried out by the online applicationand each had
to answer the merging about the old age home and orphanages. Among the questionnaire method
85.70%people says yes to merging the old age home and orphans. Rest of the people say no. merging is
good idea because it can be very helpful for the both , the old people can busy and are not just focusing on
their ailments and old age problem and the children get grandparents who care for them and love.
 if you get chance to run an orphanage and old age home together , you can run ?

90.00%

80.00%

70.00%

60.00%

50.00%

40.00% 82.90%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%
17.10%

0.00%
YES NO

The about data is calculated on the survey basis which was carried out by the online applicationand each had
to answer the merging about the old age home and orphanages. Among the questionnaire method 82.90
people says yes to merging the old age home and orphans. Rest of the people say no.

Around the 17.10% of the sample prefer to not a run a orphanage and old age home together.
 CONCLUSION

The answer to the question regarding orphanage and old age home. All this bring us to the conclusion that
since ageing is a normal process, we not only can equip ourselves to cope with it, when it comes but can also
enjoy the opportunities and challenges it presents.

The findings of this study may help the government and private agencies to tackle the problem of all kinds
and made ageing a more charming choice and healthy routine. Hence, the present study is an attempt made
in this direction with the specific objective: To find out the types and extent of problems faced by old
people.

Society developments influence the social structures as well as the social environment in general, and
especially the exchange of social support between family members, friends and neighbours. Present world is
strongly impacted by globalization, individualization and rationalization. All the three are precursors of
social isolation and loneliness. Globalization has led to a remarkable expansion of the social space in which
people live thus weakening the personal network and social support.

Due to individualization, the traditional, meaningful integration frameworks have dissolved and people are
less able to fall back on social bonds like family and neighbourhood. Social culture is also transformed
because of rationalization which leads to a planned life style in which efficiency rules.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY :-

1. To examine the socio-economic conditions of the aged and children.

2. To examine the patterns and extent of integration in the family.

3. To examine the problems faced by the aged people and children in orphanage in day-to-day life.

4. To ascertain the contribution of the aged persons in the family and community; and

5. To examine the government schemes for the welfare of the aged and orphanage NGOs.
 PREPARATION OF RESEARCH REPORT

Research methodology includes the methods of research to be followed by the research to find conclusion on
the topic under my study. I have chosen the topic an analytical study on orphanage and old age home and
impact on the society . as a researcher I’m going to study this with special reference to a orphanage and old
age home.

RESEARCH DESIGN:-

A orphanage and old age home is located in the west is visited to carry out the research work . this will help
in making a proper note on the orphanage and old age home.

TARGET POPULATION:-

Since, the study and research is based on orphanage and old age home it includes are respect to NGOs
children and the senior citizens and the population nearby. The objective of the study also includes the
economic development so the target population shall also include the people residing in the area.

TECHNIQUES OF DATA COLLECTION:-

For collecting data i used questionnaire schedule method. In addition to this i also took help of observation
method and informal discussion with the different sections of the aged pensioner, unemployed, destitute
section of the society so that the whole scenario for the present society study gets strengthened. The help of
secondary data may also have been taken wherever necessary. The use of newspaper, magazines, govt.
offices records, has also been made. In order to collect information, interview schedule was prepared and
questions were framed in both open ended and close ended. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected.
The questions were framed in such a way that they could be easily understood by the respondent.information
was also collected through observation method to make 60 the study more comprehensive.

DATA ANALYSIS:-

According to the need of the study, the relevant tables were constructed by using questionnaires. The
inferences have been drawn on the basis of these tables. The graphical representations of the information
received have been done to make understand the information more easily and percentage was calculated.
 HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis is a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variable. It is a specific
testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study. It is a idea or explanation that you then test
through study or experimentation. A theory or guess can also call hypothesis .a hypothesis is something
more than a wild guess but lee than a well-establishment theory.

1) ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS :-
There are problem and challenges present in the NGOs. There is a lack of awareness among the
people residing in the area. The care givers finds it difficulty to gather the required information and
also is face the problem.

2) NULL HYPOTHESIS :-
There are no problem or challenges present in NGOs. There is no lack of awareness among the
people residing the area. The care givers find no difficulties to gather the required in formation.

ANSWER :-

The correct hypothesis is the alternative since the problem are faced by the NGOs and the care
givers.
 CONCLUSION

The problem of ageing has been recognized as a major social problem by sociologists all over the world.

According to me a large number of people in a group are required to face the problem and are not able to

solve it and so have to suffer and therefore becoming problematic to society.

Merging of orphanage and old home for their mutual benefit is good because I guess it could work. Senior

citizens need someone to talk to, besides fellow residents, and the orphans can benefit from meeting adults

who aren't their caretakers, on a regular basis. Provided, there're enough caretakers who are able to look after

both senior citizens and little children. Also, not all senior citizens would be capable of interacting or living

with children. Some would be too old and fragile to tolerate children. Some may not like children. Also,

children would need to be sensitized about being around old people. Usually our parents teach us how to

care about our grandparents, but caretakers would have to do that for orphans. But that would be needless,

because from my experience in an orphanage, these children are wiser for their age and more caring and

empathetic.

They could easily pass their time by engaging themselves in teaching those kids, helping them in doing

homework, packing their lunch boxes in the morning, plaiting the kids, playing with them rather than chit

chatting with the fellow mates.

They get someone who really assists them for a walk. The one who accompanies them for a medical

check- up.

the lonely elderly would find the perfect companions in the abandoned or orphaned children. But we

unfortunately inhabit a dark, untrustworthy world. There have been many instances of the elderly abusing

orphans on the pretext of playing with them.

Also, many abandoned children suffer from communicable diseases, which would be detrimental for the

elderly’s already diminishing immunity. Vice versa too, as many elderly suffer from health complications

which can be passed onto the still-developing immunity of the younger children.
 INDEX

SR PARTICULARS

NO.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. MY STUDY

3. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

4. RESEARCH DESIGN

5. HYPOTHESIS

6. TYPE OF SAMPLING

7. DATA COLLATION AND ANALYSIS

8. PROCESSING OF DATA

9. CONCLUSION FROM THE PROCESSING DATA

10. PREPARATION OF RESEARCH REPORT

11.. HYPOTHESIS

12. CONCLUSION