Concepts

Data vs Information vs Knowledge vs Wisdom

• Data: Raw facts and figures, tech oriented, not presented.
• Information: Processed form of data, presented.

Characteristics of Information:
• SMART
• Person independent vs. person dependent
• Has a value (Benefit- Cost)
• Perfect information is a myth
Knowledge:
• Knowledge is understanding of something.
• Knowledge is the ability of knitting the fragments of information and
understanding the topic and then drawing a conclusion on the topic.
• It requires cognitive and analytics ability to understand and answer
the question
• Knowledge – e.g. prediction. It is proactive rather than reactive
Wisdom:
• Application of knowledge
Components of any Information System
• Input
• Output
• Storage
• Processing or analysis
• Feedback and
• Control
IT vs. IS: Dimensions of Information System
3 dimensions of IS are
• Organization: Hierarchy, culture, employees, financial resources……
• Management: Decision making, decision process……..
• IT/ ICT (Information and Communications Technology): Hardware,
software, Internet, Intranet, communication devices etc.

We intend to study IT in the organization context, not just IT

Q: Can IS exist without IT in organization?
Q: IS exist → confirms IT exist in organization?
Why IS Fails
• Nicholas 2001: Does IT matter? IT does not matter.
• Don’t lead IT, follow IT or just leave IT
Why?
• IT has become commodity, can be copied, lost competitive
advantage……..
• CCR Model – issues
• Selection-implementation-adoption-acceptance-exploitation issues
• Less understanding on FIT-NIT-EIT characteristics