Some compounds are crystallized from the flow of water, the ion crystals form hydrates.

Hydrate is a substance whose molecular formula contains a number of water molecules. On hydrates

CuSO4. 5H2O four H2O molecules related to copper ion complex [Cu (H2O) 4]

2+ and

which is fifth with SO4

2- through hydrogen bonds. Another possibility is to form hydrates

is that water molecules can join certain positions in the Crystal but not

related to certain cations and aions. (Petrucci, 1985: 202)

Hydrate compounds are compounds that contain water molecules in their chemical structure.

Hydrates usually occur in ionic solids such as NaCl, CuSO4. This is due to

the structure is unstable and to stabilize it requires H2O water (UIN Alaudin Makassar.

2012).

An ion (or molecule) complex consists of one central ion atom and a number of ligands
tightly bound to the central ion atom. This central atom is marked by a coordination number, a number

coordination states the amount of available space around an atom or central ion in what is

called a coordinate circle, each of which can be inhabited by one ligand (monodentate) (Shevla).

1990: 95).

Copper metal is a soft, malleable and clay pink metal.

Copper can melt at 1038oC. Because the electrode potential is positive (+ 0.34 V) for

The Cu / Cu2 + copper pair is insoluble in hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid, though

in the presence of dissolved copper oxygen (Shevla. 1990: 229).

Coordination number for copper ions in [Cu (NH3) 4]

2+ is 4. CuCl2 crystals. 6H2O

and CuSO4 crystals. 5H2O is a hydrated or water-bound crystal, so that if dissolved

in water solvents will cause more Cu2 + hydrated crystals to be covered by

water (the process of sulvation), so the formation of complex compounds of Cu (II) will be difficult and
ongoing

slow. But if the hydrated crystal is dissolved in a solvent that binds to the hydrate,

such as 96% alcohol, the process of forming complex compounds of Cu (II) will be easier and easier

take place quickly. Ammonia is an important neutral ligand that forms a complex

with metal ions (Imeng. 2011).

Copper metal ions in nature are used in many chemical reactions including

oxygen use. Copper can easily experience a redox reaction with one

electron and is able to produce a donor cation π, Cu +, which is not radical. By

therefore, copper is very important in binding dioxygen as well as activating oxygen.

Higher levels of Cu oxidation cannot be utilized, only Cu + and oxidation levels

Cu2 + which is important in biological systems. Copper in metalloproteins and metaloenzymes

plays a role in protein only through its side chain ligands (N, O, or donor ligands

S) Copper in biological systems appears relatively slow in the evolution of life. With
time passes, the organism combines copper in its system, with which

developed the protein system into a complex (Hidayati, 2010).

The formation of a complex coordination compound is the displacement of one or more pairs

electron from the ligand to the metal ion, then the ligand acts as an electron and ion giver

metal as an electron receiver. As a result of this electron transfer, the electron pair becomes

common property between metal ions and bonds, so a giver-receiver bond is formed

electron. Intermediate conditions may occur. However, if it's an electron pair

strongly bound, then true covalent bonds can form. The process of forming a bond between

the electron receiver can be written with the equation: M +: L ↔ M: LDhow

M = metal ions, and L = ligands that have electron pairs (Zacky, Muhammad. 2012.)

REFERENSI

Shevla, 1990. Analisis Anorganik Kualitatif Makro dan Semimikro Bagian I. PT Kalman Media
Pustaka. Jakarta.

Petrucci, Ralp H. 1985. Kimia Dasar : Prinsip dan terapan Modern. Erlangga. Jakarta.

Imeng 2011. Penentuan bilangan koordinasi kompleks tembaga (II)

Zacky, Muhammad. 2012. Pembuatan garam kompleks dan garam rangkap. Diakses dari

http://www.scribd.com/doc/87731829/PEMBUATAN-GARAM-KOMPLEKS-DANGARAM-RANGKAP pada
tanggal 4 Mei 2014.

Hidayati. Dkk. 2010. Karakterisasi kompleks senyawa cu (II) glisin dengan menggunakan

spketrokopi u.v-vis dan ft-ir. Diakses dari http://fmipa.unmul.ac.id/pdf/103 pada tanggal 4

mei 2014.

UIN Alaudin Makasar. 2012. Laporan Praktikum Hidrasi air. Diakses dari

http://www.slideshare.net/AsrianiBuhariNoni/lap