Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MATHEMATIC
S
Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
MATHEMATIC
S
Every Monday - Wednesday - Friday
6 pm (1 hour FREE Class)
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
TANGENTS AND NORMALS
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Normals
APPLICATION
y = f(x) OF DERIVATIVES
Normal is perpendicular to Tangent
P
(x0, y0)
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
EXAMPLES ON TANGENTS AND NORMALS
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Example
The angle between the tangents to the curve
at the point and is
AIEEE 2006
A
D
Tangents and Normals
Example
The angle between the tangents to the curve at the point
and is
A B C D
Solution:
Tangents and Normals
Example
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
The slope of the tangent to the curve y = at the point where
x = 1 is
C 1
Example
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
The slope of the tangent to the curve y = at the point where
x = 1 is
A B C 1 D None of these
Solution:
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Differentiating w.r.t. x
4 4
dy dy
5x + 5y – 2y – 2x =0
dx dx
4
dy
(5y – 2x) = 2y – 5x4
dx
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
4
dy 4
dy
5x + 5y – 2y – 2x =0
dx dx So of equation tangent at (1,1) is
4
dy
(5y – 2x) = 2y – 5x4 y – 1 = – ( x – 1)
dx
dy 2y – 5x4 2–5
= = = –1
dx (x0 , y0) 5y4 – 2x x = x0
5–2
y=y
MATHEMATIC 0
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Example
APPLICATION
Find equation of tangent to the curveOF
x =DERIVATIVES
t2 + 3t – 8 , y = 2t2 – 2t – 5 at (2, –1)
Solution :
dy
We need to find
So t2 + 3t – 8 = 2 t = 2, – 5 dx (2, –1)
2t2 – 2t – 5 = –1 t = 2, – 1
We need value of t corresponding
to x = 2 and y = – 1;
Common value of t is 2
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Example
APPLICATION
Find equation of tangent to the curveOF
x =DERIVATIVES
t2 + 3t – 8 , y = 2t2 – 2t – 5 at (2, –1)
Solution : dx dy
= 2t + 3 , = 4t – 2
dt dt
So t2 + 3t – 8 = 2 t = 2, – 5
2t2 – 2t – 5 = –1 t = 2, – 1 dy dy dx 4t – 2
We need value of t corresponding
dx
=
dt / dt
=
2t + 3
to x = 2 and y = – 1; So slope of tangent at (2 , – 1) = 6/7
A common value of t is 2
So equation of tangent at (2 , – 1) is
We need to find
dy MATHEMATIC
y+1 =
6
(x – 2)
dx (2, –1) S 7
Tangents and Normals
Example
If the normal to the curve at the point (3, 4) makes an angle
with the positive X-axis, then f’(3) =
A IIT Screening 2000
D
Tangents and Normals
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
P(1,1)
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
dy
2y = 2 – 3x2 Differentiating w.r.t. x P(1,1)
dx
Put x = 1 & y = 1 m = dy/dx = –1/2
–1
y–1 = ( x – 1)
2
2y + x = 3
3–x MATHEMATIC
y =
2 S
Tangents and Normals
3–x
y = Curve is y2 = 2x – x3 Q
2 APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
⇒ 3–x 2 P(1,1)
= 2x – x3
2
4x3 + x2 – 14x + 9 =0
(x – 1) (4x2 + 5x – 9) =0
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
3–x
y = Curve is y2 = 2x – x3 Q
2 APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
⇒ 3–x 2 P(1,1)
= 2x – x3
2
4x3 + x2 – 14x + 9 = 0
(x – 1) (4x2 + 5x – 9) = 0
(x – 1) (x – 1) (4x + 9) = 0
–9 , 21
–9 9 21 ∴ Point Q
MATHEMATIC
x= y=3+ = 4 8
4 4 8
S
Derivative as a Rate Measure
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
MATHEMATIC
S
Derivative as a Rate Measure
E.g. We know the value of f(2) And we approximate the value of f(2.001)
MATHEMATIC
S
Derivative as a Rate Measure
Results
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
Δy dy
We know, if Δx → 0, then the quantity =
Δx dx
However, if Δx is small, then Δy dy f(a + h) – f(a)
≈ f ′ (a) =
Δx dx h
dy
1) Δy ≈ ×Δx
dx Smaller the magnitude of Δx , better is the
approximation
DIFFERENTIATION
Home Assignment
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Example
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
On the ellipse the points at which the tangents are
parallel to the line are
IIT 1999
D
MATHEMATIC
S
Tangents and Normals
Example
The equation of the normal to the parabola at is:
AIEEE 2012
A
D
https://vdnt.in/JEEVedantu
Every Monday - Wednesday - Friday
6 pm (1 hour FREE Class)
when
and when
Tangents and Normals
Example
The equation of the normal to the parabola at is
A B
C D
Solution: When x=4,
Now,
Differentiating w.r.t.x, we get