TI Technology Day

Milano 2011

Metering

Milen Stefanov- Application Engineer Smart Grid Business Unit

TI Europe Metering Portfolio
Agenda

• European Metering Market Overview

• Sub1GHZ Metering solutions
– WM-bus SW details
– Sub1GHZ radio details

• 2.4Ghz Metering solutions

– Zigbee SW details
– 2.4GHZ radio details

• Summary
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
• RF solutions for all open ISM bands < 1GHz
and 2,45GHZ.

•New Metering band in Europe @ 169MHz on

the road map.

• Very flexible radios to support legacy

protocols, proprietary protocols and all
currently known standardized solutions.
- Wireless M-bus.
- ZigBee (with Smart Energy profile).
- 6LoWPAN.
- KNX (Konnex).

• Membership with Metering standardization

Working Groups – Smart Meter (EU), Smart
Metering (Major metering companies),
ESMIG.
TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Today: Complete Smart Meter Solution
• Register
– All major functions

• Wide Area Network (WAN)

– Two-way from utility-to-meter
– 433/868/900MHz ISM
– PLC, s-FSK, Prime
– GSM/GPRS
– WiMAX

• Home Area Network (HAN)

– Two-way from meter-to-home
– ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 SE
– HomePlug SE
– WM-bus (EN13757-4)
Wireless in the Metering market
1st Gen 2nd Gen 3rd Gen
Migration path

Open Standards

• Wireless M-bus
• ZigBee
• 6LoWPAN
Local AMR Remote/Mobile Fixed Network • KNX
AMR AMR/AMI
AMR/AMI Proprietary one-way Proprietary networks Open Standards with AMI
E-Meter Very limited market Scandinavia Europe wide
Gas meter Very limited market Limited market Europe wide
Water meter Sub-metering Sub-metering Europe wide/Sub-metering
HCA Sub-metering Sub-metering Sub-metering
Heat meter Sub-metering Sub-metering Sub-metering
CC1101, CC2520/2530/2590,
TI solution CC900, CC1000, CC1120, CC430, WiM-bus, ZigBee
CC1020 CC1020, CC1101 with Low Energy profile

Deployment drivers of AMR systems

- Cost of service
- Regulations (Deregulations)
- Revenue protection (theft of energy)
- Energy consumption control and saving
- Networking (AMR + HA)
- Flexibility and frequent reading
- Increase competition

A fragmented marked with requirement for diversified RF solutions

 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
LPRF Product Portfolio
Sub 1 GHz 2.4 GHz
Narrowband Proprietary ZigBee / IEEE802.15.4 Proprietary

Z-Stack
Software SimpliciTI TIMAC SimpliciTI
SimpliciTI

Protocol CC2480
Processor

CC2530
CC430
System CC2431 CC251x
on Chip CC111x
CC2430

CC1101
Transceiver CC1020 CC1100E CC2520 CC2500

Transmitter CC1070 CC1150 CC2550

RF CC2591
Front End CC2590
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Wireless M-bus
• TI have implemented WiM-bus on the CC1101,
based on EN13757-4 specifications.
• Application Note with SW available on the Web –
AN067.
• Challenging points in the standard (for modern RF
transceivers with packet handling features):
– Data rate variation (T mode) : +/-10%
• This is quite ”extreme” and requires extra hardware in the
demodulator to handle

• TI 3.party offers module solutions with WM-bus –
Radiocrafts (CC1110) and Amber Wireless (MSP
+ CC1101).
• Further HW support for WM-bus planned in future
products.
• The sync word is ”non-standard”
– 18,10 bit long (8*n is more common)
– Sync word is NOT Manchester modulated while the data is
• Non-Standards 3 out of 6 coding and packet format
(multiple CRC)

Application Wireless communication for smart metering @868MHz

Network EN 13757-3 EN 50090

layer
Physical EN 13757-4
layer
CC1101 + MSP430 or CC1110/CC1111
Wireless
M-bus KNX
Standard
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Product Features

• Low cost, high integration

• Sub 1 GHz ISM Bands
• Few external components - matching network/output filter,
bias resistor and crystal

• Full package handeling included:

– Preamble generation
– Sync word insertion/detection
– Address check
– Flexible packet length
– Automatic CRC

Optional data whitening

Optionally FEC encoded/decoded Legend:
Optional CRC-16 calculation Inserted automatically in TX,
processed and removed in RX.
Address field
Length field
Sync word

CRC-16
Preamble bits Optional user-provided fields processed in TX,
Data field processed but not removed in RX.
(1010...1010)
Unprocessed user data (apart from FEC
and/or whitening)
8 8
8 x n bits 8/16 bits 8 x n bits 16 bits
bits bits
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions

Key features RF Performance

• SPI interface for configuration and data communication. CC1101 CC2500

• Integrated LDO’s enables stable Tx over supply range. Frequency 315/433/868/915 2.4 GHz
MHz
• Supports FSK, OOK and MSK modulation formats

• Burst mode data transmission with high over-the-air data rate Data rate 1.2 – 500 kbps 1.2 – 500 kbps
reduces current consumption.
Supply 1.8 - 3.6 V 1.8 - 3.6 V
• Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)
– The built-in Carrier Sense / RSSI makes the CC1100 / CC2500 Sensitivity 250 -89 dBm -88 dBm
ideal for Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) systems kbps

• Automatic RX polling using Wake-on-Radio: 1.8 µA.

Sensitivity 9.6 -104 dBm -98 dBm
• Very fast start-up time from power down (0.5 ms) kbps

Sensitivity 1.2 -110 dBm -106 dBm

• Ideal for frequency hopping systems due to a fast settling frequency kbps
synthesizer (hop time of 100 µs)
RX current 13.5 - 15.5 mA 13.3 - 15.6 mA
• 64 byte Rx and Tx data FIFO.
Output power 10 dBm all bands 1 dBm
• Robust solution with excellent selectivity and blocking performance. TX current 29 mA (+10 dBm) 22 mA (0 dBm)

• Programmable Carrier Sense indicator and digital RSSI output. Selectivity, ACR 20 - 25 dB 20 - 25 dB

- Enables adaptive channel selection resulting

in increased robustness of the communication link.

 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
CC430Fxx – SOC with MSP430 + CC1101 (4Q09)
• True RF System-on-Chip devices with • 12-bit A/D Converter with internal reference,
MSP430 MCU and CC1101 radio core. sample-and-hold, and autoscan features
• 128-bit AES security en-/decryption
• Memory configurations: Up to 32K FLASH and
coprocessor
4K RAM
•Package options: 7x7 mm QFN-48 and 9x9
• Integrated LCD Driver with contrast control for up mm QFN-64.
to 96 segments
Technical Overview CC1101

• CC1101 Key Features

• CC1101 Specifications
• CC1101 Current Consumption
• CC1101 Packet Handling
Common Key Features
• The Market’s Lowest System Cost
– CC xx50 – CC xx00 for cost optimized one-way link, CC xx00 – CC
xx00 for two-way link
– Very low price per chip
– Very few external components required, all low cost type
– Very small footprint (4 x 4 mm, 20/16 pin QFP package)

• Low Power Consumption

• Excellent Radio Performance

• Fast settling PLL

– Makes the CC11XX products ideally suited for frequency hopping
systems
Common Key Features (Cont.)
• High integration
– Powerful on-chip packet handling with separate 64 byte TX
and RX FIFOs offloads the MCU and allows use of an
inexpensive MCU.
– Automatic preamble, sync word and adress
insertion/detection
– Optional on-chip CRC calculation
– Optional whitening, FEC and interleaving
– Wake-on-radio functionality

• High Flexibility
– Programmable RF frequency, modulation format, data rate,
packet format, output power, receiver bandwidth etc.
– Makes the CCxx00 and CCxx50 suitable for a very wide
range of applications
Common Specifications
• Supply Voltage Range: 1.8 – 3.6 V
– Operation down to 1.8 V allows for full utilization of batteries

• Temperature Range : -40 to +85˚C (125°C characterization

for CC1100 is currently being considered)

• Programmable datarate from 1.2 – 500 kbps

• Modulation formats: FSK, GFSK, MSK, OOK/ASK

• Ideal for multichannel operation (50 – 500 kHz channels)

CC110X Specifications
• Sensitivity:
– -110 dBm @ 1.2 kbps
– -102 dBm @ 38.4 kbps
– -88 dBm @ 250 kbps

• Selectivity (example: 38.4 kbps, 100 kHz receiver filter

BW, 150 kHz channel spacing)
– Adjacent channel rejection 23 dB
– Alternate channel rejection 33 dB

• Blocking
– 1/5/10 MHz offset: 52/54/61 dB

• Programmable output power up to +10 dBm

CC110X Specifications (Cont.)
• Current Consumption:
– RX:
• 1.2 kbps: 15.5 mA at sensitivity limit / 14 mA for strong signals
• 250 kbps: 16 mA at sensitivity limit / 15 mA for strong signals

– TX:
• 15.5 mA @ 0 dBm output power
• 28.5 mA @ +10 dBm output power

– Power-down (SLEEP state):

• 0.4 µA (0.9 µA with RC oscillator running)

– Crystal oscillator (IDLE state):

• 1.6 mA (crystal oscillator and voltage regulator on)
Low Power Consumption

• Separate 64-byte RX and TX data FIFOs allow burst

mode data transmission

• Burst mode data transmission with high over-the-air data rate reduces
overall power consumption
– Example: if transmitting 10 kbps data using an over-the-air data rate of 100
kbps, the TX or RX contribution to the overall power consumption is reduced to
1/10th compared to 10 kbps
– Note 1: range is reduced when increasing data rate
– Note 2: when writing to the FIFO at a rate slower than over-the-air rate the
maximum packet length is limited to 64 bytes
Low Power Consumption (2)

• Current consumption in TX/RX and transmission time (data rate) does not
show the full picture

• Fast crystal oscillator start-up time and calibration time (~ 300 µs and
~700 µs) reduce overall power consumption

• Calculate the average current to estimate battery lifetime

Current

Power down mode Crystal osc. start-up Calibration RX/TX mode Power down mode

Crystal start-up time Wake-up to RX/TX Time in Time

RX/TX mode
Wake-On Radio

• Wake-on-radio function allows very low average power consumption in a

polling receiver (a few tens of µA)
Rx timeout

State: SLEEP IDLE RX SLEEP IDLE RX

Event0 Event1 Event0 Event1

t
tEvent0
tEvent0
tEvent1 tEvent1

• If data is received
Packet Handling

• Full packet handling included

– Preamble generation
– Sync word insertion/detection
– Address check
– Flexible packet length
– Automatic CRC

Optional data whitening

Optionally FEC encoded/decoded Legend:
Optional CRC-16 calculation Inserted automatically in TX,
processed and removed in RX.
Address field
Length field
Sync word

CRC-16
Preamble bits Optional user-provided fields processed in TX,
Data field processed but not removed in RX.
(1010...1010)
Unprocessed user data (apart from FEC
and/or whitening)
8 8
8 x n bits 8/16 bits 8 x n bits 16 bits
bits bits
Received Signal Qualifiers
• Digital RSSI output

• Programmable Carrier Sense indicator

– Enables adaptive channel selection resulting in
increased robustness of the communication link

• Support for automatic Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)

– The built-in Carrier Sense / RSSI functionality makes
the CC2500 ideal for Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) systems

• Preamble quality threshold (PQT)

– The received sync word must be preceded by a preamble with a quality above
a programmed threshold

• Sync word qualifier

– Will not start filling the RX FIFO before a valid sync word is detected (15/16,
16/16 or 30/32 sync word bits)
– Will not start filling the RX FIFO before a valid sync word is detected and
carrier sense is above threshold
Packet Filtering in Receive Mode

• Packet length filtering

– Maximum packet length is programmable. If received length byte has a larger
value, packet is discarded and receive mode is restarted

• Address filtering
– If received address matches a valid address, packet is received and written to
RX FIFO
– If no match, receive mode is restarted

• CRC filtering
– If CRC check fails the entire RX FIFO will be flushed
– Next state is programmable (IDLE, FSTXON, TX, stay in RX)
Other Features (Cont.)

• Power-on reset (POR)

– XOSC is turned on at POR
– GDO0 is default XOSC/192 and can be used as interrupt to MCU

• Automatic frequency control

– Offset between TX and RX parts available from register
– Can be used to compensate for frequency offset

• Ideal for frequency hopping systems due to a fast settling frequency

synthesizer (hop time of 100 µs)

• Reference design compliant with ETSI EN 300 440 (Europe), FCC CFR47
Part 15 (US) and ARIB STD-T66 (Japan)
Application Circuit CC1101
Reference designs (Cont.)

• Tools
– CCxx00 DK
• CC2500DK
• CC1101 433MHz DK
• CC1101 868/915MHz DK
– SmartRF® Studio
– Flash Programmer
Documentation

• CCxx00 / CCxx50 Data Sheet

• CCxx00 / CCxx50 Brochure
• CCxx00 / CCxx50 RoHS Confirmation
• CCxx00 DK Quick Start
• CCxx00 DK User Manual
• CC1101/CC1150DK & CC2500/CC2550DK Example Libraries User Manual
• Flash Programmer User Manual
• SmartRF® Studio User Manual
• Application notes 001 and 032 cover regulatory issues
• Application note 038 Wake-on-radio
• Application note 039 for using CC1101 in Europe
• Errata notes on webpage
2.4GHZ Metering Solutions

• Zigbee Overview
• Software Stack details
• 2.4Ghz Radio Hardware details
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
ZigBee
The ZigBee standard builds on the
physical communication layers
specified by the IEEE 802.15.4
standard upon which ZigBee defines
logical network, security and
application software

ZigBee One-Stop-Shop from TI:

• Hardware
• Software
• Tools

Everything you need to get your

ZigBee system up-and-running!
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Three paths to ZigBee
Low cost Z-Accel is flexible, Ultra low power
Small footprint easy to use and will
High integration reduce time to market
Available today

Application CC2530 Any MSP430 MSP430

& Profile

ZigBee CC2480
stack -
Z-Stack

Radio CC2420/CC2520
TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
The Z-stack

ZigBee 2006 ZigBee 2007 Preferred Solution

Feature Sets • ZigBee • ZigBee
• ZigBee PRO

App profiles • Home Automation • Home Automation (HA)

• etc • Commercial Building Automation
(CBA)
• Smart Energy
Z-Stack 1.4.x+ 2.x.x+

Available 2006 Now! (since June2008)

TI has and will continue to support ZigBee and the ZigBee Alliance
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Smart Energy Profile
• The ZigBee public profile which supports AMI is called “Smart Energy”
• Smart Energy supports:
– Metering
• Multiple commodities including electric, gas, water, and thermal
• Real-time consumption / production information
• Historical price information
• Support for meter-as-gateway and meter-as-device on a ZigBee network
– Demand Response and Load Control
• Scheduling of multiple events
• Built in support for customer override
– Pricing
• Public distribution via Inter-PAN
– Text Messaging
– Security
• Elliptic curve support via 3rd party library Certicom
– Preliminary Devices
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Open HAN
“OpenHAN is a task force of the utility AMI working group operated under the auspices of
the Utility Communications Architecture International Users Group (UCAIug). OpenHAN
is charged with addressing issues related to the utility/consumer interface which is one of
several tasks of the utilility AMI work plan.”
• ZigBee is embracing the OpenHAN initiative by
– Supporting secure 2 way communication between AMI and the HAN
– Support load control integration
– Provide direct access to usage and other meter data
– Support public price signaling, consumer specific signaling, and control signaling
• Open HAN supports:
– Heating / AC
• Automatic control over your thermostat or heating and AC devices will save money
– Appliances
• Products in your home that can be turned off or power cycled to reduce consumption
• Dishwashers, refrigerators, oven’s and other household appliances can now be smart
– Load Control
• Pool pumps and other devices can run when energy is cheap to produce
– Additional Devices
• In addition to saving energy, general home automation is desirable for many reasons
 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Smart Energy Solution

• Facts
– TI / Chipcon has been driving the Alliance since inception
– TI Supports ZigBee-2007, both ZigBee and ZigBee PRO
– TI provided a ZigBee PRO Golden Unit with the MSP430+CC2420
and also supports the MSP430+CC2520 for better RF performance
– TI has implemented the full Smart Energy Profile w/ Elliptic Curve
Cryptology, and is undergoing testing today at the Smart Energy
Profile test event in conjunction with metering customers
– TI can deliver quality parts of significant volume in a timely manner
– TI is well positioned in ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, W-Mbus or wherever the
Metering market takes us
– TI supports Over the Air Download for remote firmware upgrades
– TI will release an SoC based complete Smart Energy solution for
2009
 Released Product
TI Product Summary Future Product

Product / Kit Protocol Software

CC2420+MSP430F4618 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/PHY TIMAC 2420 1.2.1

CC2520+MSP430F2618 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/PHY TIMAC 2520 1.2.1

CC2430DK IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/PHY TIMAC 1.2.1

CC2530DK IEEE 802.15.4 MAC/PHY TIMAC 1.x.x
CC2420+MSP430F4618 ZigBee-2006 Z-Stack 1.4.3
CC2430ZDK ZigBee-2006 Z-Stack 1.4.3
CC2431ZDK ZigBee-2006 w/ Location Z-Stack 1.4.3
Z-ACCEL DK; EZ430-RF2480 ZigBee-2006 Network Processor Z-Stack & ZASA

CC2420+MSP430F4618 ZigBee-2007 (PRO) Z-Stack 2.0.0

CC2520+MSP430F2618 / 2418 / ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Z-Stack 2.1.0
2410 Energy
CC2520+MSP430F5438 / 5436 / ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Z-Stack 2.1.0
5419 Energy
CC2530ZDK ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Z-Stack 2.1.0
Energy
 CC2520
2nd Generation IEEE802.15.4 2.4GHz Radio Transceiver

VREG_EN
DCOUPL

RESETn

RBIAS
SCLK
Benefits
• Low cost solution
SO Vreg Clock/ Global
reset bias
• -98dBm Sensitivity SI SPI

CSn
Address FSM Synthesizer
• +5dBm Output Power filtering

AGC
Instruction Demod Modulator

s controller
• >400m Line of Sight range decoder
RF_core

AES

Bus
ADI ADI
• Extremely good selectivity
Exception DPU
controller

ADC

ADC

DAC

DAC
– 50dB ACR
– Highly Robust Radio RAM
GPIO5 AAF PS LPF

GPIO4 BIST
• Extensive MAC support and AES-128 GPIO3
IO
RX MIX FS TX MIX

Features GPIO2 Atest

PA
LNA

REF RF_N
• Direct downconversion/upconversion XOSC
DIV
RF_P

• 1.8 – 3.8V , -40 – +125ºC

XOSC32M_Q2

XOSC32M_Q1
GPIO1
GPIO0
• Low Current

• Very small, QFN-28, 5x5mm

CC2520
ZigBee®/IEEE 802.15.4 RF transceiver
Second generation 2.4 GHz ZigBee®

• Best-in-class co-existence and selectivity properties
• Excellent link budget (103dBm)
• Extended temperature range
• AES-128 security module
• CC2420 interface compatiblility mode
• Reliable RF link with interference present
• 400m line-of-sight range with the development kit
• Ideal for industrial applications
• No external processor needed for secure
communciation
• Easy upgrade for existing CC2420 customers
1.8-3.8V

C271
R231

• IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee based

products 1 SO NC 21 50
• Industrial monitoring and control 2 SI AVDD1 20
Ohm

L1 C173 C174
• Home and building automation L2
3 CSn RF_N 19
• Low power RF sensor networks C191 C192

• Set-top boxes and remote controls

4 GPIO5 CC2520 NC 18
C171 L3
AGND
5 GPIO4 RF_P 17
exposed die
attached pad C172
6 GPIO3 AVDD2 16

EVM
7 GPIO2 NC 15

Simplified CC2520
application circuit
XTAL
• CC2520DK C1

C121 C131
 CC2530/CC2531

SFR bus
Benefits
• 2nd Generation ZigBee SoC with MCU

• 32MIPS on single-cycle 8051

• Up to 256kB FLASH, 8kB RAM

• 0.5uA with Sleep Timer running at 32kHz

NTROLLER
• Low cost solution

I/O CON
• CC2520 radio inside
Features

FIFO AND FRAME CONTROL

SFR bus

SYNTH
• -98dBm sensitivity

• +5dBm Output Power

SYNTHESIZER
FREQUENCY
• Ultra Low Power Comparator

• High Performance and Flexible OpAmp

• 12-bit ADC
CC2591 Electrical Specification
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION
Maximum Output Power (including harmonic filtering) +20 dBm

Current/PAE, +20dBm, 3V, Pin=0.5dBm 109mA / 30%

Typ improved sensitivity (CC24xx) 6 dB

Receive Current, HGM/LGM 3.5/1.8 mA

PA Gain 22 dB

Gain Flatness 2400 – 2500 MHz range <2 dB

LNA Gain HGM/LGM 10 dB / 0 dB

LNA Noise Figure including RX/TX switch and filtering 3.9 dB

LNA Input 1dB Compression Point -18 dBm

Supply voltage 2.0 – 3.6 V

Operating temperature -40 – 85 ºC

 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions

Range extenders, RF Front Ends supporting up to 30 x the range

CC1190 for < 1GHz (3Q09) CC2590/91 for 2,45GHz

• Cost efficient and compact system solution for • Range Extender for existing and to come 2.4GHz
increasing communication range CC devices
• Easy to use with few external components
• Power amplifier with +26dBm output power • +10dBm/+20dBm on CC2590/CC2591
• LNA with low noise and high IIP3 mode
• Up to 30x range
• High power efficiency in the whole output power range
• Optimised for use with CC10XX and CC11XX devices • Low System BOM and Area
• Possible to connect SAW filter to PA input / LNA
output • Low Cost Solution
• Single ended antenna interface
• Highly integrated
– Balun, PA, LNA, and Switches are integrated

• QFN-16, 4x4mm
CC2591 RF Front End
• Seamless interface to all TI 2.4 GHz low-power radios

• Very few external components

• Integrated:
– LNA, PA, balun, RF matching, inductors, switches

• Up to 26 dB increased link budget

• Theoretical >15 times the LOS range

• Low current consumption

• Digital control of LNA gain

• 3.9 dB LNA Noise Figure

including RX/TX switch

• 4x4 mm QFN-16 package

 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Selectivity
• Very important parameter for coexistence

• Describes how well interfering signals are rejected

• For a receiver with very poor selectivity, frequency hopping will not help much, as
even off-frequency interference is not attenuated sufficiently
RadioDesk USB dongle Bluetooth USB dongle
Jamming signal
CC2500 performance: 31dB
Jammer is 1259 times stronger than
28 cm
the wanted signal
Selectivity
10 m

Desired channel Several competitors: 0dB

-89 dBm
Jammer has the same signal
strength as the wanted signal
Mouse

31 dB ~ 36 times the distance

Frequency

Frequency offset (1 MHz)

Smart Meter Board

31
Smart Electrical Meters TI Software Solutions
• 1-phase metrology
• 3-phase metrology
• Application code
example
• Encryption code
• Application code
example
• StellarisWare®
software suite
• ZigBee® 2007
(Pro) +Smart
Energy with
ZigBee stack 2.3.0
• Mifare support
2Q10
• S-FSK libraries from 3P
• PRIME code from TI
• G3
• Flex Prime and Flex
PLC (see PLC SW
roadmap)
• ZigBee® 2007 (Pro)
+Smart Energy with
ZigBee stack 2.3.0
– MSP4305438
today
– Stellaris® CM3
(Beta today, RTM
2Q10)
– CC2530
• Z-Stack™ 2.x OAD
• 6LowPan (3P)
• ZigBee IP Stack
(Alpha-Q3 10,
RTM-Q4 10)
• SimpliciTI-1.1.1
(supports both
IAR and CCS)
• WMBUS
• TRF7960 + MSP430™ code
ISO15693/1443A&B
• Mifare support 45
 Gas Meters Software Solutions • ZigBee® 2007 (Pro)
+Smart Energy with
ZigBee stack 2.3.0
– MSP4305438
today
– Stellaris® CM3
(Beta today, RTM
2Q10)
• Low- power code – CC2530
examples • Z-Stack™ 2.x OAD
• MCU code examples • 6LowPan (3P)
• ZigBee IP Stack
(Alpha-Q3 10,
RTM-Q4 10)

• SimpliciTI-1.1.1
(supports both
IAR and CCS)
• WMBUS

• TRF7960 + MSP430™ code

ISO15693/1443A&B
• Mifare support 46
 Water Meters Software Solutions
• ZigBee® 2007 (Pro)
+Smart Energy with
ZigBee stack 2.3.0
– MSP4305438
today
– Stellaris® CM3
(Beta today, RTM
• Water Meter 2Q10)
Application note – CC2530
• Low- power code • Z-Stack™ 2.x OAD
examples • 6LowPan (3P)
• MCU code examples • ZigBee IP Stack
(Alpha-Q3 10,
RTM-Q4 10)

• SimpliciTI-1.1.1
(supports both
IAR and CCS)
• WMBUS

• TRF7960 + MSP430™ code

ISO15693/1443A&B
• Mifare support 47
 In Home Display Software Solutions
• ZigBee® 2007 (Pro)
+Smart Energy with
ZigBee stack 2.3.0
– MSP4305438
today
– Stellaris® CM3
(Beta today, RTM
• MSP430 LCD 2Q10)
Segment – CC2530
reference design • Z-Stack™ 2.x OAD
• StellarisWare • 6LowPan (3P)
Graphic Library • ZigBee IP Stack
• Sitara AMR9 (Alpha-Q3 10,
Graphic examples RTM-Q4 10)
• MCU code
examples

• SimpliciTI-1.1.1
(supports both
IAR and CCS)
• WMBUS

• Solutions from Developer

Network
48
Sub-1GHz Software

Software tool Part number MCU Company

SmartRF™ Protocol Packet Sniffer PACKET-SNIFFER TI TI
SmartRF Studio SMARTRF-STUDIO TI TI
SimpliciTI-Compliant Protocol Stack TI TI TI
Wireless M-Bus Protocol Software WMBUS TI TI
SmartRF Studio CC430 0.9.4 [Beta] SMARTRF-STUDIO TI TI
SimpliciTI 1.1.1 SIMPLICITI TI TI

49
Existing ZigBee® Software
ZigBee Pro ZigBee RF4CE ZigBee IP
Applications Smart Energy Remote controls Smart Energy
Home automation CE devices (Meters, in-home displays,
(TV, set-top box, etc...) thermostats, etc.)
Building automation
Point-to-point controls Building automation
Healthcare
Healthcare

Topology Large RF mesh Point-to-point and point- Large RF mesh

networks to-multipoint controls networks based on IP
protocols
Product Z-Stack™ 2.2.0 RemoTI 1.0 Q4’09 (alpha)
(ti.com/z-stack) (ti.com/rf4ce) Q2’10 (final)
Available now Available now

Hardware CC2530, CC2530 CC2530,

CC2520 / MSP430, CC2520 / MSP430,
Stellaris® (upcoming) Stellaris (upcoming)

Metering related
ZigBee SE1.0 support ZigBee Pro
50
TI ZigBee® Stack Offer Summary
http://focus.ti.com/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-stack.html

Product / Kit Protocol Software

CC2520+MSP430F2618 / 2418 / 2410 ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Energy Z-Stack™ 2.3.0

CC2520+MSP430F5438 / 5436 / 5419 ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Energy Z-Stack™ 2.3.0

CC2530ZDK ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Energy Z-Stack™ 2.3.0

CC2530ZDK and CC2520 + MCU ZigBee-2007 (PRO) + Smart Energy Z-Stack™ 2.3.0

• CC2520 or CC2530ZNP: Use MSP430™ or Stellaris®

• CC2530: Use MSP430 or Stellaris
• CC2530ZNP available from Z-Stack
• SE1.0 on Stellaris available under request

Software tool Part number Company

Z-Stack - ZigBee Protocol Stack Z-STACK TI

51
How to get ZigBee stack for Stellaris?
• ZigBee® 2007 (Pro) +Smart Energy with ZigBee stack 2.3.0
has been ported to Stellaris platform and will be delivered
manually during 2Q10 before a mass market release
• Process
– Contact the metering Business Unit: metering@ti.com
– Customer will need to sign a waiver first
– An FTP site will be set-up for customer for them to download the SW
– Use LM3S8962 board plus a interface board between now until the new
Stellaris HW is ready (LM3S9B96 based)
– An interface board is required to connect the ZigBee module to the
LM3S8962 (TI to provide)

52
 How to get CC2530 ZNP?
• Go to http://focus.ti.com/docs/toolsw/folders/print/z-
stack.html
• If you want to build a ZNP project:

• Note: ECC encryption needs to be linked separately with Certicom libraries but will be
integrated in TI download moving forward

• If you do not need to build a ZNP project but want to

play with the ZNP:

53
Smart Energy Sample Application
• Provides easy-to-use, extensible framework for any
type of ZigBee® Smart Energy device the user
wishes to build
• Simple demonstration of ZigBee Smart Energy
cluster usage:
– Simple metering
– Pricing
– Message
– Demand response and load control

54
Smart Energy Sample Application
• There are seven defined application
instances:
– Energy service portal (ESP) as a
coordinator
– Metering device as a router and also as
an end device
– In premise display as an end device
– Programmable communicating
thermostat (PCT) as an end device
– Load control device as a router
– Range extender as a router

55
Simple Metering Application

56
Over-the-Air Messaging (Demand Response Load Control)

57
Over-the-Air Messaging (Pricing, Message)

58
Smart Energy Support Collateral
After installation of the Z-Stack™ ZigBee® protocol stack:

• Sample project
– C:\Texas Instruments\ZStack-2.2.0-1.3.0\Projects\zstack\SE\SampleApp

• ZCL (ZigBee Cluster Library) components

– C:\Texas Instruments\ZStack-2.2.0-1.3.0\Components\stack\zcl\zcl_se.c and
zcl_se.h, zcl_key_establish.c and zcl_key_establish.h

• Documentation
– C:\Texas Instruments\ZStack-2.2.0-1.3.0\Documents\Z-Stack Smart Energy
Developer’s Guide.pdf
– C:\Texas Instruments\ZStack-2.2.0-1.3.0\Documents\Smart Energy Sample
Application User’s Guide.pdf
– 075356r14ZB_SE_PTG-SE_Profile_Specification.pdf (download from
zigbee.org) 59
Z-Stack™ Over-the-Air Download (OAD)
• Implemented as a ZigBee® application
profile with associated bootloader
• Images are transported via ZigBee
mesh using ZigBee security
• Client-server model
– Commissioning device instructs a device
to start a download session
– Client requests download session with
server and handles storage and
validation of image
– Server supplies download image to the
client
– Once download is complete, the
commissioning device instructs the client
to enable the downloaded image

60
Advantages: Multiple profile support
• Task based architecture of Z-stack makes it
extremely easy to support multiple profiles on one
device
• One task for each application profile, such as SE,
HA, and manufacturer specific profile
• Each application task registers a specific
application endpoint. Therefore, any message
going to a specific endpoint goes to the
appropriate application without user intervention
Example of HA + SE profiles on one device
Dual task registration
TI 6lowpan Offer
• TI supports 6lowpan via third parties (see third-
party section in ESP)
– Sensinode
– Archock

64
 PLC Modem SW Release Plan
Released
In development/internal release
Future
V1.1 (6/30)
OFDM for Lighting/Solar Demo
B Band for US grid
market
Configurable band
CENELEC A/B
A/B/C/D
V1.0 (5/31) FCC, ARIB
FlexOFDM B Band support PLC-Lite?
(EVSE, Others)
OFD M

V3.1 (06/04) V3.2 (7/30)

V2.3 Including IPV4 Stack IPV6 and MC/BC
PRIME Proprietary
PRIME ROBO V4.0 (Aug/Sept) V5.0 (Q4/2010)
V3.0 (04/30) PRIME conformance
IEC4-32 Stack PRIME certified
test Ready

V1.1 (07/30)
G3 PHY opt + tone map V1.3 (9/30)
G3 MAC: CSMA/CA G3 MAC operate in NW
G3 V1.0 (06/10)
PHY LIB + lowMAC V1.2 (08/30)
G3 PHY opt + tone map V1.4 (10/30)
G3 MAC: CSMA/CA G3 6lowPAN/IPv6

IEC 61334-5-1 PHY

B band to PLCSuite
IEC 61334-5-1 MAC
S-FSK IEC 61334-4-32 LLC
Porting to PLCSuite
ADDG Host IF
Piccolo Enabled

1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 2011

TI Information – Selective Disclosure
 Embedded Protocol Stack and Platform
match
Protocol Stack/Platform Piccolo Delfino Octave Concerto Application
F28335/F28xPLC
IEC 61334-5-1 PHY,MAC (S-FSK) X X X X E-meter

PRIME PHY, MAC, CS X X X E-meter

IEC 61334-4-32 LLC
G3 (OFDM) X X X E-meter

FlexOFDM X X X EVSE
(Proprietary flexible OFDM Smart Grid Oriented,
implementation) Solar. Lighting
Frequency Bands supported CENELEC A,B CENELEC A,B CENELEC A,B,C,D CENELEC A,B,C,D E-meter
(C/D PHY capable) FCC, ARIB Smart Grid
Industrial
Max Bit Rate (PHY) 4.8kbps 128kbps 128kbps 128kbps to 500kbps Application related

• FlexOFDM is a proprietary approach taking the best of PRIME and GE and giving flexibility of the
protocol stack to customer (Customer can just pick the PHY) with focus on bandwidth, lower data rate,
robustness, flexible upper layer stack, smaller MIPS/memory footprint (example: lighting, solar..)

66

TI Information – Selective Disclosure

TI plcSUITE Software Framework
Host
App software ref

plcSUITE
• Open source
• Layered API
• Certifiable
• Scalable
• Lego arch
• Custom build

• Current plcSUITE supports PRIME solution

• Software comes with API documentation 67
PRIME Spec 1.1
PHY features
Data and control plane Management plane • TDD
• OFDM freq: CENELEC A-band (41992.1875-
88867.1875 Hz)
Convergence layer • Bandwitdth: BB clock (250kHz), sub-carrier BW
(488.28125 Hz)
MAC SAP
• OFDM: Data carrier (84H/96P), pilot (13H/1P)
MLME SAP MAC
MAC layer • Modulation: DBPSK, DQPSK, D8PSK

PHY SAP • FFT size: 512

PLME SAP • CC rate ½: Optional for payload
PHY layer PHY
•Mac
Rawfeatures
peak data rate: 128.6Kbps
•• Topology:
Max MSDU Tree
size: 2268 Bytes
• Node type: Base node and service node (terminal
mode and switch mode)
• Unicast/Multicast/Broadcast (global vs. switch)
• Channel access: SCP (CSMA/CA), CFP
• Connection oriented, direct connection support
Switch • Encryption: Profile 0/1/2/3 (128-bit AES/ECB)
• Optional: Aggregation, data plane ARQ

Promote Demote Disconnected TC features

• Common part: SAR
• Service-specific part: IPv4, IEC 61334-4-32, other
• Interface to application
Terminal • IPv4: Header compression, QoS classification,
address resolution
68
TI Prime Software Stack
(Service node and base node)

er manager
Frame buffe

69
PRIME PHY Software Architecture
PHY API interface

C28x+ CPU
Tx operations
RX manager Math/Utilities lib TX manager • Bit processing (convolution
RX SM Resync SM Header parser Power/Timing Header encode/scrambler/interleaver)
TX SM
control generation • Symbol processing
Diagnostic (modulator/IFFT)
Front-end Symbol Bit (Performance statistics) Front-end Symbol Bit
processing processing processing (Event logger) processing processing processing • PPDU header generation
• Power/Timing control
AFE/DMA driver UART driver PWM/HRPWM driver • Front-end processing
Diag message Config/Controls/ (upsampling)
Config/Controls
Calibration

ADC/DMA HAL UART IF HAL PWM IF HAL

RTOS (DSP/BIOS™ Kernel)

PWM/HRPWM
Peripheral HAL LIB • PWM/HRPWM output
conversion
Peripherals HW
ADC DMA UART PWM/HRPWM • HRPWM calibration
output
(RX samples) (ADC o/p) (Diagnostic)
(TX samples)

ADC/DMA Synchronization Rx steady-state operations

• ADC output samples • Front-end processing • Front-end processing
• DMA to ping pong buffer (mixer/LPF/downsample) • AGC/tracking
• AGC • Symbol processing (FFT/equalizer/NVE/NBI)
• Preamble detection • Bit processing (descrambler/deinterleaver/Viterbi)
• FFT placement • PPDU header CRC check and parsing
• Buffer alignment • Performance statistics
70
 MSP430 SW Developments

High-Level
DLMS
Meter

ZigBee 1.0 ZigBee 2.0

ZigBee + +
SEP 1.0 SEP 2.0

802.15.4g MAC
Sub 1Ghz WMBUS
SUN protocol

1-phase 1-phase AFE SW REM SW (China)

3-phase 3-phase AFE SW

1H10 2H10 1H11 2H11

 TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Summary
• < 1GHz and 2,45GHz solutions supporting all ISM
bands WW.
• SW solutions to support AMR standards.
• Very flexible Radio’s – supporting legacy products,
proprietary solution and all known standardized
solutions.
• Robust RF communication.
• RF Front Ends to increase the range.
• System On Chip (SOC) solutions with integrated
Meter
AES-128.
Data Electricity
Mgmt
• Platform approach to optimize development and
Gas
Heat
Water
production cost.
AMI – The GateWay Into and Out of the Home
 TI Technology Day
Milano 2011

Thanks!

Milen Stefanov- Application Engineer Smart Grid Business Unit