Ria Suited Facade

SINHGAD TECHNICAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
SINHGAD COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

(Affiliated to University of Pune & Approved by COA)
S.No. 44/1, Vadgaon (Bk), Off Sinhgad Road, Pune – 411041
Tel. Fax: 020 – 24351439
Website: www.sinhgad.edu E-mail:scoa@sinhgad.edu
Student’s Declaration
I hereby certify that the work which is being presented entitled “ SUITABLE
FACADES IN PUNE CLIMATE ”in the subjects of REASEARCH IN ARCHITECTURE II,
in the fulfillment of the partial requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of
Architecture submitted in the Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s Sinhgad
College of Architecture, Pune, is an authentic record of my own work carried out
during a period from June 2018 to April 2019. The views expressed in this paper
are my own and I am solely responsible for the accuracy and sources of
information and data used.
The matter embodied in this report has not been submitted by me for the
award of any other degree.
Signature of student
(Vandita Bhala)
This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is

correct to the best of the knowledge of undersigned. This Candidate has
appeared at sessional examination held on th April, 2019 at the Sinhgad
Technical Education Society’s Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune, under
Savitribai Phule Pune University.
Prof. Pranoti Lad Prof. Shreyas Paranjape
Subject Coordinator Subject Coordinator
External examiner Stamp

Suitable Facades in Pune Climate
Research in Architecture
On
SUITABLE FACADES IN PUNE CLIMATE

Submitted to
Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune

(Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
For the fulfillment of the partial requirements for the award of
Degree of
Bachelor of Architecture
By
(Vandita Bhala)
Under the Guidance of
Prof. (Ar. Pranoti Lad & Ar. Shreyas Paranjape)
Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s
Sinhgad College of Architecture

S.No. 44/1, Vadgaon (Bk), Off Sinhgad Road, Pune 411041
April 2019
Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 2

Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................. 5
1.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Need for study ................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Aim & Objectives, RQ, Scope & Limitation ................................................ 6
1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Chapter summary .......................................................................................... 7
2. Literature Review .................................................................................................. 7
2.1 The important terminologies and issues (related to study) ..................... 8
2.2 Book studies ................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Book Case study 1: Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate
Headquarters ............................................................................................................ 9
2.2.2 Book Case study 2: Commerzone Building No.4 .................................... 10
2.2.3 Comparative analysis of Case studies...................................................... 12
3. Data collection and analysis .............................................................................. 13
3.1. Live Case studies ........................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 Live Case study 1: Lokmanya Multipurpose Co-operative Credit
Society ..................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Live Case studies 2: VVIP Circuit House ................................................. 15
3.1.3 Live Case study 3: Collector Office ........................................................... 17
3.1.4 Comparative analysis of Case studies...................................................... 20
4. Analysis ................................................................................................................. 20
4.1. Materials for Facade: ..................................................................................... 20
4.2. Effects: ............................................................................................................. 21
5. Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 23
Reference .................................................................................................................... 23

List of Figures:
Image 1Glass facade night view .................................................................................... 9
Image 2 Glass facade...................................................................................................... 9
Image 3 View of Facade ............................................................................................... 10
Image 4 Elevation showing glass facade ................................................................... 11
Image 5 Glass facade.................................................................................................... 11
Image 6 Third floor plan ................................................................................................ 14
Image 7 Facade treatment............................................................................................ 14
Image 8 Elevation showing facade.............................................................................. 15
Image 9 Facade.............................................................................................................. 16
Image 10 Ground floor plan .......................................................................................... 16
Image 11 Elevation ........................................................................................................ 17
Image 12 Elevation showing facade ........................................................................... 17
Image 13 Facade ........................................................................................................... 17
Image 14 Ground floor plan .......................................................................................... 18
Image 15 Front Elevation .............................................................................................. 18
Image 16 Elevation showing facade ........................................................................... 18
Image 17 Front side elevation ...................................................................................... 19
Image 18 Section ........................................................................................................... 19
List of Tables
Table 1 SGG Nano Olive (KT 455).............................................................................. 10
Table 2 SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120) ..................................................... 12
Table 3 Differences in book case studies .................................................................. 12
Table 4 Analysis of live case studies .......................................................................... 20

Abstract
One of the most important methods of saving energy in a building is by
carefully designing façade. A façade is optimally one of the best options in managing the
interaction between the outdoors and the internal spaces. It also provides some
architectural flexibility to the design. This research paper will survey the various types of
materials in façade according to the Pune climate, exploring their features and
functioning followed by the case studies.
The paper will then access and analyze recent research and examples to attempt
to reach a conclusion as to whether what kind façade is best suited for Pune region.
Finally, glass façade has been proven to be highly useful and suited in the
climatic region of Pune. The only downside of glass façade is that it has high
maintenance charge. However, it is widely agreed by many papers that glass façade is
more cost effective in the long run. This is because it is long lasting and more durable as
compared to the steel, iron facades etc.
Keywords – Facades, climate, materials, internal spaces.
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
Buildings having facade provide light, climate control and ventilation for rooms. Facades
are the important architectural features of an elevation. Facade is the most strategic part
in a re-qualification plan because it is most visible part of the building. This leads to an
improvement of internal environment and appearance performances. The facade also
exchanges energy with the external environment this increases energy performance. The
facade protects structures and interiors of the building and this contributes to the
extension of the life of the building.
With rapid growth of smart cities in India and keeping in mind the climatic
change taking place everywhere it has become necessary to develop structures that
decrease the energy consumption without increasing the cost of the structure. (Meraj,
2017)
Present situation: Energy efficient design of building facades has so far predominantly
been confined to static rigid forms is present situation in Pune. However attempts have
been made to design environmentally responsive facade. The present paper focuses on
adaptable static facade, in Pune climatic region.
It is said that elevation defines the character of building. The study of facade
creates compatibility between buildings, street, and neighborhood through architectural
elements that add scale and character. (McFarquhar, 2012)
Importance of study of the topic: Since the cost of energy is continuously increasing, it
is need of hour to build energy efficient building. Facades system enables passive energy
conservation, i.e. reducing the energy consumption for applications like heating or
cooling, artificial lighting and heat regulation.
1.2 Need for study

As we know that the facade of building is often most important aspect from a
design standpoint, as it sets the tone for the rest of the building. To study the climatic
control of building having facade and its impact on interior of building.
Indian terrain experiences different climate at different region. Therefore

facades used in this different location will be design with respect to climate at the
location of facade is to be applied. So study of climate in the region and to find suitable
material for facade is necessary.
1.3 Aim & Objectives, RQ, Scope & Limitation

Aim:To understand the facade technology and materials used for static facades facilitate
climate control and to study and find best suited facade for Pune climate.
Objectives:
1. To study existing materials used for construction of such facade.
2. To understand the working of control of the internal environments through a

responsive building facade.
3. To understand the type of facade suitable for Pune region.
Research Questions:
1. What is facade?
2. What are the different types of energy sustained in static facade?
3. What are existing materials and technologies based on climate are used in this facade?
4. How the material used in facade affect the interior spaces of building ?
5. What are advantages and disadvantages facade?
Scope and limitations:
Architectural skin help in new performance in the energy sector, control of

indoor environments, and responsiveness to user activities. Looking towards the future,
intelligent skin sets out the principles for the design of the intelligent building envelope.
Cladding materials like wooden and aluminum on east and west facing sides of building
can be replaced by solar cells (assuming high efficiency and cost effective solar cells are
developed).
It is an evolving technology, and not much is yet explored in India. There are a
lot of limitations in response to climate, infra, materials, lack of knowledge according to

the Indian context. At initial and construction set up stage, there may be an increase in the
cost but in future it will make the building cost effective. Installation of facade systems
leads to high installation cost and maintenance cost varies according to the system used.
1.4 Methodology
For Objective 1:To study existing materials used for construction of such facade.
To achieve this objective references from various case studies, architectural blogs on
internet with verified sources and observations were considered. This enables us available
materials in entire world along with its ease of availability at desire location for desire
facade.
For Objective 2:To understand the working of control of the internal environments
through a responsive building facade.
To achieve this objective references from various case studies and architectural blogs
were studied. It was concluded from case studies and blogs that in case of static facade
control of internal environment are solely dependent on materials used and procedure of
constructing the facade.
For Objective 3:To understand the type of facade suitable for Pune region.
To achieve this objective references from various case studies and architectural blogs
were studied. From case studies and available research material, it can be inferred that
different facades have different sets of pros and cons in different climatic condition. Out
of available techniques of facade, best suited system will be selected for Pune climate.
1.5 Chapter summary

This research paper has total 5 chapters. Chapter 1 gives a generalize overview of the
facades and facade system. Chapter 2 justifies the data collected through different sources
and explains factors affecting facade according to climate, materials and location.
Chapter 3 case studies are mention with their analysis with respect to climatic and
environmental aspects of the location. Chapter 4 answering the best suited set of
materials to construct facade system. Chapter 5 gives a summary or concluded the
research along with the parameters of further research.
2. Literature Review
The idea of “Net Zero Energy Building” laid basic foundation for development of facade
systems. Along with aesthetic aspect of building facade can provide protection from
exterior uncomfortable environment and also ease the process of making comfortable
environment at interior. Facade systems at different location vary adapting to different
climatic conditions. Climate dependent designs of façade are commonly referred as
climatic and passive design. For this purpose scientific approach was set by Olgay in
1963. The work contains may charts, graphs and data revealing relevant information for
design of facade. Three types of climatic regions are discussed namely temperature
climate, tropical humid climate and desert climate. Temperature climate is nothing but
European climate where heating in interior is essential, so facade systems are made such
that all available heat from exterior is permitted inside and trapped, thus making energy
consumption for heating lower than non-facade buildings. Tropical humid climates occur
at equatorial regions. The temperature does not vary substantially over daily cycle,
limiting night time cooling unlike desert climates. Here East and West facing facades
must be less glaze, since early morning and late evening sun rays which are at low angle
provide substantial heat gain to interior of building. In desert climate daytime
temperatures exceed more than 400C. While at night temperatures fall drastically.
Although main function of facade in tropical regions is to reduce heat gain; adequate
daylight must be provided to building avoiding use of excess artificial lighting. To adapt
thermal shocks in tropical region double skin façade is also a viable option, in which two
layers of facade are oriented such that heat gain is minimized along with providing
adequate daylight. (Napier, 2015)
Facade material selection is a critical task since it results the effectiveness of facade
system according to climatic conditions. Selection criterion must be decided first in order
to check available material at our disposal. Selection criteria are durability, clean ability
and maintainability, material sustainability, climatic compatibility, safety and health,
material availability and its cost effectiveness, functional and thermal performance and
last but not least acoustic resistance. For these criteria to be more effective while in use,
site survey along with previously applied techniques in area must be studied through case
studies. Here apart from architectural field, help from fields such as engineering,
management and economy, archivist is essential. (Nesan & Mohammed, 2015)
Case studies of high performance commercial building facades were studied. From the
following literature solar control facades and day lighting facades are explained for
southern Californian region. Solar control facade permits only specific solar spectrum
using high performance glazing materials. This enables control of solar heat gains as they
used both absorbing and reflecting glazing. Sky-light is redirected such that building
enjoys daylight which is adequate enough. This results in less use of artificial lighting
needed. Double skin facade are also incorporated so as to enable natural ventilation. (Lee,
Selkowitz, Bazjanac, & Kolher, 2002)
2.1 The important terminologies and issues (related to study)

Terminology – Materials, facades, climate, Pune region, exterior, interior environment,
human comfort, aesthetic look.
Issues – Difficulty in finding relevant case studies, facade material catalog. Some case
studies are personally verified by actually visiting site and having a discussion with
locals.

2.2 Book studies
2.2.1 Book Case study 1: Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters
Location – 170/1-8, Keshav Nagar, Hadapsar, Pune, Maharashtra
Year – 2009
Architect – Christopher Benninger
Function – Wind Energy Company, Greenest office
The motto of the company, ‘powering a greener tomorrow’, and the architect relied
exclusively on non-toxic and recycled materials. Griha 5 star certification with 8% of its
annual energy generated on site through photo voltaic panels and windmills with a total
incremental cost of about 11%.
Image 1Glass facade night view
No other leed certified buildings with this level of certification and on-site renewable
energy that has achieved this kind of cost efficiency.
Inspiration from large Indian historical campuses like Fatehpur Sikri and Meenakshi
Temple complex in Madurai. This took the shape of a Land Scraper, opposing the idea of
a Skyscraper! It is a counter blast to “the glass box”. (Daily, 2014)
Aluminium louvers act as a protective skin allowing daylight and cross ventilation. Glass
used in this building is SGG Nano Olive (KT 455). (GRIHA, 2019)
Image 2 Glass facade

Image 3 View of Facade
About SGG Nano Olive (KT 455)
 Flexible to be used in facades

 High light transmission capability
 Excellent colour rendering and thermal insulation.
 Low emissivity
 Advanced solar control
 Applicable for all seasons
 Classic aesthetically appealing glass
 Available in jumbo sizes
 Manufactured by Magnetron Spluttering Technology in plasma conditions.
Table 1 SGG Nano Olive (KT 455)
Product Visual Visual Visual Thermal Thermal Thermal

comfort comfort comfort comfort comfort comfort
Product Visual light Reflection Reflection Solar factor Shading U-value

transmission (SF/SHGC) co-efficient (W/m2K)
(%) (%)
(%) (SC)
SGG Nano
Olive KT
455 39 13 10 0.27 0.31 1.9
2.2.2 Book Case study 2: Commerzone Building No.4

Location – Samrat Ashok Path, Commerzone IT Park, Pratik Nagar, Mohanwadi,
Yerwada, Pune.
Year - 2009
Architect – Ar. M/S. Commerzone Industrial Park Division of K Raheja Corp.pvt.ltd
Function – Commercial office building

Area – 51,097 sq.m
It offers a high-end ecosystem augmented by state-of-the-art facilities and modern

amenities, with ample provisions for leisure and recreation. Major advantage of
Commerzone is the high emphasis on modern services and amenities without
compromising on aesthetic and dedicated spaces for essential support services like
stationery, ATM s, food court and more within campus. (GRIHA, 2019)
Image 4 Elevation showing glass facade
Glass facades use in this building is SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120) and SGG
Planitherm Pristine White (PLT T). (GRIHA, 2019)
About SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120)
 Advanced solar-control
 Energy efficiency
 Reduces cost of air conditioning
 Perfect for display windows (Gobain, 2018)
 Natural daylight into the interiors and reducing glare, thereby reducing the need
for any kind of artificial lighting.
Image 5 Glass facade

Table 2 SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120)
Product Visual Visual Visual Thermal Thermal Thermal

comfort comfort comfort comfort comfort comfort
Product Visual light Reflection Reflection Solar factor Shading U-value

transmission (SF/SHGC) co-efficient (W/m2K)
(%) (%)
(%) (SC)
SGG Cool-
Lite
Titanium 22 21 29 0.32 0.37 5.2
Blue (STB
120)
About SGG Planitherm Pristine White (PLT T)
 Best suited for windows, skylights and small to medium facades

 Maximum light transmission
 Crystal clear Clarity
 Reflects most of the long-wave heat radiations allowing for maximum thermal
comfort.
 Low-e glass thermal insulation (Gobian, 2018)
2.2.3 Comparative analysis of Case studies

Similarities – According to the book case studies there are some similarities
 Glass facade is used

 GRIHA rated
 Advanced solar control
 Materials are flexible to be used in facades
 High light transmission capability
Differences – According to the book case studies there are some differences
Table 3 Differences in book case studies
Case studies Suzlon one earth global Commerzone – Building 4

corporate headquarters

Materials SGG Nano Olive (KT 455) SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue
(STB 120) and SGG
Planitherm Pristine White
(PLT T)
Flexible to used Facades Windows, skylights and small

to medium facades
Applicable For all seasons No
Aesthetic properties Excellent Good
Thermal insulation High Low-e- glass
Clarity Not that much Crystal clear
Color rendering Excellent No
3. Data collection and analysis

Data collection can be categorized as -
(a) Primary Data - Observations, Photo documentation, live case studies and book case
studies.
(b) Secondary Data - Earlier research, Documents, and to evaluate secondary data
sources and comparing it with the case studies.
As it the qualitative research the analysis can be done in tabular form specifying the
parameters of case studies and differentiating it.
Analysis can be done in material wise, climate wise. Etc.
3.1. Live Case studies
3.1.1 Live Case study 1: Lokmanya Multipurpose Co-operative Credit Society

Location - Senapati bapat road, Pune, India.
Year - 2016
Architect - Thirdspace Architecture Studio, Ar.Praveen Bavadekar.
Function -Corporate office of a quasi banking institution.
Services such as banking, tourism, insurance, health-care, real estate, etc.
Area -854.84 sq.m
The strategy is to manipulate the building sectionals, and then this sectional articulation
manifests on the facade through the fenestration and a climate responsive skin.
ABOUT FACADE IN BUILDING
 Composed of alternating bands of 200mm thick masonry walls and sinuous

ribbon window.
 Continuous variation of the ribbon windows is in response to several climatic,
programmatic and contextual parameters.
 Facades are used to allow diffused light with minimum heat gain.
 Further enhance by a skin of vertical fins in perforated steel, generating a
dynamic facade of continuous variation.
 The fins temper the harsh sun that hits the building and allow more nuanced
filtered light into the interiors.
 Fins also create an array of light effects that animate the exteriors and interiors.
 Perforated metal screens are used in this building. (Archdaily, Archdaily, 2016)
Image 6 Third floor plan
Image 7 Facade treatment

Image 8 Elevation showing facade
Perforated metal screens

 Sustainable, by having function of light filtration and air circulation as well as its
recyclable attributes.
 Ease of assembly.
 High resistance to environment elements.
 Low fabrication cost.
 Increases acoustic performance.
 Offers ventilation and re-usability.
 Lightweight.
 Aesthetically appealing.
 Perforated steel facade is used in this building.
 Reduce energy consumption - used for exterior shades and sunscreens to filter
natural light and maintain a comfortable indoor temperature.
 It is versatile in terms of design aesthetics and has structurally strong properties.
 Lightweight. Offering extensive sound managing capabilities. (Archdaily,
Archdaily, 2016)
3.1.2 Live Case studies 2: VVIP Circuit House

Location - Ashoka marg, Camp, Pune, India.
Year - 2014
Architect - Sunil Patil Associates, Ar.Sunil Patil, Ar.Sanjay Patil.
Function - Circuit house is a government public building which not only accommodates
the VIP authorities but also act as a node for political meetings, discussion and
conferences.
Area - 10540.0 sq.m
Divided into two parts -
1. Accommodation - Guest suites
2. Public areas - Conference and meeting hall facilities, dinning, reception, VIP areas etc.

Image 9 Facade
ABOUT BUILDING
 Design is based on climate responsive with passive strategies for thermal and
visual comfort along to achieve energy efficient green building.
 Contemporary architecture of this building has been derived from vernacular
ethos.
 Shaded courtyard is a highly contemporary version of the 'old chowk' of
traditional Wadas of Pune.
 Allowing plenty of natural ventilation.
 Transition spaces play a key role in achieving thermal and visual comfort. (Daily,
Arch daily, 2017)
Image 10 Ground floor plan
ABOUT FACADE IN BUILDING
 Facade of the building responds to the orientation and function.

 Vertical and horizontal louvers have been used for south and west facade to cut
the solar radiation.
 Highly efficient HVAC system.
 Reduction in building energy performance index (EPI).
 Facade is adopted in achieving thermal and visual comfort of building.
 Reduction in solar radiation helps in limiting the heat gain hence reducing the
load on air conditioning.
 Overall it helps in improving the energy performance of the building, and

achieving green building status. (Daily, Arch daily, 2017)
Image 11 Elevation
Image 13 Facade
3.1.3 Live Case study 3: Collector Office

Location - Pune, Maharashtra
Project year - 2017
Architect - Sunil Patil and Associates
Function - Government building, administrative and functional head of the district,

coordination activities between different departments in the district.
Area - 19797.0 sq.m

Image 14 Ground floor plan
Image 15 Front Elevation
 Site contained some old stone structures and 197 fully grown trees.
 New collector’s office is designed incorporating the stone and some of the
architectural features from the old structures.
 Main stress was given on preserving the existing old trees and the flora-fauna
without depleting the established Eco-system while constructing the new
structure. (Archdaily, 2019)
ABOUT THE BUILDING
 Structure - G + 5floors
 The design started with the evolution of three masses - Office wing A and B, and
a parking building set apart from each other to create a semi-open plaza and
fourth mass - Wing C is designed on top of these three masses.
 All wings are connected to each other by bridges at various levels.
 Each of the office wings is designed with a central courtyard.

 Multi-stored parking building is designed instead of a basement parking in order

to save the number of existing trees.
 Connection of parking building to all floor levels allows officers to park their
vehicles at the same levels of the offices, minimizing the use of elevators.
Image 17 Front side elevation
ABOUT THE FACADE
 Facades were used as sun breakers.

 It helped in letting the light and breeze travel inside the offices without
increasing the temperatures of the building interiors.
 Facades used in the collector office are made of galvanized iron is hollow in
middle. (Archdaily, 2019)
Image 18 Section

3.1.4 Comparative analysis of Case studies

Table 4 Analysis of live case studies
Case studies Type of Materials Use of facade Function Layer

building of
facade
Lokmanya Office, Perforated Extensive sound Light Double

multipurpose commercial metal managing filtration and skin
cooperative building screens capabilities air facade
credit society reduce energy circulation
consumption.
VVIP circuit Government Stainless Thermal and Reduction in Single

house public steel visual comfort, solar skin
building Responds to radiation, facade
orientation and
function High HVAC
system
Achieving green
building status.
Collector office Public office Galvanized Elevation Used as sun Single

building iron treatment breakers skin
facade
4. Analysis
4.1. Materials for Facade:
Considering material selection during design phase aspect aids optimizing maintenance
cost, as many case studies revealed that maintenance cost of facade incorporated building
is 50% of that of construction. It is inevitable minimize maintenance cost which is often
overlooked previously by architectures. Defective or poor quality of materials leads to
major defect in post construction service. Thus along with required results, an architect
must find balanced solution between cost of material, its quality, compatibility with
climate in city which building is based, building technique and maintenance cost,
depending on plan description. Although availability of material is also an important
issue, because in case of damage to installed façade, during repair, materials must be
available as easily as possible, considering previously discussed parameters.
Thermal performance deals with ability of materials to sustain high temperature as well
as temperature fluctuations. Temperature fluctuations considered is on both daily and
seasonal temperature cycles (implying climatic compatibility of material). Thus materials
used in different city to construct facade may vary; for instance Mumbai has hot and
humid climate whereas in Pune humidity level aren’t high as that of Mumbai, hence exact
same facade cannot be implicated in both cities. More than half of India is located at
equatorial region; hence facade must minimize energy consumed for cooling the building,
while having sunlight so that excess energy won’t be consumed in electrical lighting.
Material selection criteria considered:
i) Durability
ii) Material sustainability
iii) Compatibility
iv) Safety and health
v) Material economy and availability
vi) Functional and thermal performance
UV resistible and anti-corrosive properties for facade are important in Indian terrain,
since due to humidity and pollution rate, facade lacking these properties is subjected to
failure.
Materials used for cladding of facades are stainless steel, glass, cor-ten, aluminium,
copper, brass and bronze. Stainless steel offers high sustainability along with adequate
corrosive resistance where as aluminum offers high strength to weight ratio making
cladding weight effective and this material has high anti-corrosive properties also can be
enhanced using pattern painting aluminum but due to low thermal resistance, this coating
isn’t preferred in climates having high temperatures or high temperature fluctuations.
These metal wall panels or cladding are expensive to install but offer high degree of
durability and also gives modern and expensive aesthetic look. Ceramic cladding or
masonry veneer also offers high durability and flexibility with low costs compared to
metal panels. Although they have high self-weight and detailing is also difficult. Fibre
cement is also a viable option where cost and ease of installation are prioritized. These
are lightweight than masonry but aren’t as durable as that of metal panels and masonry
veneer. Glass is most favored material in India, since they provide excellent thermal,
acoustic insulation, solar control and fire protection. It can be bent, insulated, toughened
and laminated making it favorable for installation. It can also give good aesthetic look to
buildings, but its con being the maintenance and requirement of periodic cleaning.
Laminated glass with calculated glaze percentage, Fiber cement layers on walls with
wooden cladding on them not only gives energy efficient results but also is cost effective
and offer better aesthetic looks. Wooden cladding can be replaced by metal panel or
multi-layered metal glass or metal ceramic cladding for harsh, dusty, humid and polluted
environments. Although cladding materials are discussed, required thickness of materials,
for it to be effective, is also necessary. The order size according to supplier is needed to
be considered. Wooden cladding is generally effective for ply thickness more than 15 mm
in Indian terrain.
4.2. Effects:
Advantages:

1) Protection from exterior environment:

Facade provides protection from high velocity winds, rain, corrosive environment,
extreme temperature and humidity. UV resistant materials can be used to avoid
skin hazards to humans (this phenomenon is observed in Australian subcontinent
during summer due to thin ozone layer around it).
2) Energy efficient:
Facade systems reduce energy consumption for operations like heating or cooling,
artificial lighting by controlling light penetration or filtration and heat regulation.
These systems achieve solar shading and passive cooling automatically.
3) Fresh air and ventilation:
Facade system plays the function of introducing fresh outdoor air into the
building zones. The facade consists of various components like roof, walls and
other openings, like doors and windows. Together all these components control
the air inflow and outflow, and significantly reduce dust & other airborne
particles ensuring a much fresher indoor environment.
4) Noise control:
Facade systems embedded with noise absorbing materials offer great deal of
acoustic control from exterior of building to the interior. In commercial building,
meeting rooms can be made sound proof, i.e. no noise from exterior is allowed
inside and vice-verse.
Disadvantages:
1) Maintenance:
It is important to maintain facade systems periodically so that they will perform as
expected in design phase. Glass facade systems require periodic cleaning, thus
making it important factor during design since, if cleaning and maintenance costs
are more than gains received from reducing energy consumption and aesthetic
views, installing them won’t be profitable and lead to unnecessary expenses.
2) Effect on outdoor climate:
Facade systems are selective permeable systems which allow only part of incident
radiation to enter into interior. The remainder is reflected back into exterior
environment. This leads to rise in normal exterior conditions; sometimes further
leading to drastic climatic changes. However environmental impacts of these
systems are infinitesimally small, high number of facade installed system
concentrated in an area can make sever environmental impact.
3) High installation cost and material availability:
This con is most familiar with glass facade systems. Since glass used has specific
glaze percentage and varied refractive index, manufacturing of such glass is
expensive. Mass production is not an option, because facade system requirements
change according climate and environment in which it is to be installed. During
case of damage to facade systems due to natural or man-made, same material
must be available for repair or at least viable replacement should be available,
though varying material costs with respect to time can make it worse.

5. Conclusion
After carefully study available case studies analysis of facade materials and
climatic aspects of Pune it can be concluded that glass facades systems is best suited for
the climate.The only downside of glass facade is that it has high maintenance charge.
However, it is concluded that glass facade is more cost effective in the long run. This is
because it is long lasting and more durable as compared to the steel, iron facades etc. In
addition, it provides other benefits that cannot be found in steel and iron facades. One of
it is that glass facade helps to create a more comfortable and eco-friendly environment
which in turn, saves the building’s energy resources.
Even wooden or aluminium cladding offer best possible and cost effective
solution in the region. Aluminium cladding is mostly used in regions having high
pollution, as aluminium has high anti-corrosive properties.
Reference
Archdaily. (2019, February 3). Arch daily. Retrieved February 14, 2019, from Arch daily:
https://www.archdaily.com/910545/collector-office-in-pune-sunil-patil-and-associates

Archdaily. (2016, June 16). Archdaily. Retrieved January 19, 2019, from Arch daily:
https://www.archdaily.com/789611/lokmanya-multipurpose-co-operative-credit-society-
thirdspace-architecture-studio
Daily, A. (2014, January 14). Arch daily. Retrieved February 10, 2019, from Arch daily:
https://www.archdaily.com/466958/suzlon-one-earth-global-corporate-headquarters-
christopher-benninger
Daily, A. (2017, March 2). Arch daily. Retrieved January 20, 2019, from Arch daily:
https://www.archdaily.com/806407/vvip-circuit-house-i-sunil-patil-and-associates
Gobain, S. (2018, December 3). High performing glass solution. Retrieved February 10,
2019, from Saint Gobain Glass: https://in.saint-gobain-glass.com/en-in/sgg-cool-lite
Gobian, S. (2018, Decenber 3). High performing glass solution. Retrieved February 10,
2019, from Saint Gobain Glass: https://in.saint-gobain-glass.com/en-in/sgg-planitherm
GRIHA. (2019, January 20). Green Building in India. (SGG) Retrieved February 12,
2019, from A Saint Gobin Glass Initiatve: http://greenbuildinglocator.in.saint-gobain-
glass.com
Lee, E. S., Selkowitz, S., Bazjanac, V., & Kolher, C. (2002, January 10). High-
performance commercial building facade. ResearchGate .
McFarquhar, D. (2012). BUILDING FACADE . CITY OF LOS ANGELES

DEPARTMENT OF CITY PLANNING , 55-61.
Meraj, H. (2017, January 24). Intelligent building facades. Retrieved September 2, 2018,
from Intelligent building facades: http://www.slideshare.net/hamzaaaaaah/intelligent-
building-facades-71334931
Napier, J. (2015, January 9). Climates Based Facade Design for Business Buildings with
Examples from Central London. Architectural journal,Department of Architecture,
University of Lincoln , 16-18.
Nesan, L., & Mohammed, M. A. (2015, August 10). Facade material selection criteria for
optimising building maintainability. ResearchGate .
Prof.Brian Cody, D. S. (2015, December 14). Smart Facade-energy potential of adaptive

facade systems. Retrieved September 1, 2018, from STADT der Zunkunft:
https://nachhaltigwirtschaften.at/en/sdz/projects/smart-facade-energy-potential-of-
adaptive-facade-systems.php


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SINHGAD TECHNICAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

SINHGAD COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is

Prof. Pranoti Lad Prof. Shreyas Paranjape

Subject Coordinator Subject Coordinator

External examiner Stamp

SUITABLE FACADES IN PUNE CLIMATE

Sinhgad College of Architecture, Pune

For the fulfillment of the partial requirements for the award of

Under the Guidance of

Prof. (Ar. Pranoti Lad & Ar. Shreyas Paranjape)

Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s

Sinhgad College of Architecture

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 2

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 3

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 4

Keywords – Facades, climate, materials, internal spaces.

1.2 Need for study

Indian terrain experiences different climate at different region. Therefore

1.3 Aim & Objectives, RQ, Scope & Limitation

1. To study existing materials used for construction of such facade.

2. To understand the working of control of the internal environments through a

3. To understand the type of facade suitable for Pune region.

2. What are the different types of energy sustained in static facade?

5. What are advantages and disadvantages facade?

Scope and limitations:

Architectural skin help in new performance in the energy sector, control of

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 6

1.5 Chapter summary

2.1 The important terminologies and issues (related to study)

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 8

2.2 Book studies

Architect – Christopher Benninger

Function – Wind Energy Company, Greenest office

Image 1Glass facade night view

Image 2 Glass facade

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 9

Image 3 View of Facade

About SGG Nano Olive (KT 455)

 Flexible to be used in facades

Product Visual Visual Visual Thermal Thermal Thermal

Product Visual light Reflection Reflection Solar factor Shading U-value

2.2.2 Book Case study 2: Commerzone Building No.4

Architect – Ar. M/S. Commerzone Industrial Park Division of K Raheja Corp.pvt.ltd

Function – Commercial office building

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 10

Area – 51,097 sq.m

It offers a high-end ecosystem augmented by state-of-the-art facilities and modern

Image 4 Elevation showing glass facade

About SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120)

Image 5 Glass facade

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 11

Table 2 SGG Cool-Lite Titanium Blue (STB 120)

Product Visual Visual Visual Thermal Thermal Thermal

Product Visual light Reflection Reflection Solar factor Shading U-value

About SGG Planitherm Pristine White (PLT T)

 Best suited for windows, skylights and small to medium facades

2.2.3 Comparative analysis of Case studies

 Glass facade is used

Table 3 Differences in book case studies

Case studies Suzlon one earth global Commerzone – Building 4

Vandita Bhala, Fourth Year B. Arch. (A) 2018-19 12

Flexible to used Facades Windows, skylights and small