 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

‫א‬‫א‬

٢١٤
    ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

??  J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ?  
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
    ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،،،?‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(matching)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬KEwhyF‫א‬‫א‬
.‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ ﻋﻼﺟﻪ‬EhowF‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬ –‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
 –    – ‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E–
‫א‬F‫א‬ –‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬F‫א‬–EJ ‫א‬F‫א‬–‫א‬–E‫א‬،،
 E‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬
( AHU‫א‬‫א‬ – Chiller‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬–
‫א‬ W ‫א‬  – ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F  ‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
 E‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 – ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ F   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
    ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ER12R134a F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E––FW‫א‬

Periodical maintenance  •
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  
‫א‬ K   W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ E١J ١ F  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ >weekly, monthly or annual ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   Weekly main.‫א‬ ‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١J ١F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬


 chiller ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ١F


-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : Monthly main‫א‬‫ א‬o

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W Annual main ‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 –‫א‬‫א‬EKKKKKK J ‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬‫א‬F
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   J ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬

Preventive maintenance  •
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Emergency maintenance  •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ : Routine   o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  : Initial start up    o
K‫א‬
E–F‫א‬ : Final operation  o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   Overhaul   o
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ECentrifugal compressors ‫א‬
-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
E١F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F

١٢            ‫א‬
١١ ١٠ ٩ ٨ ٧ ٦ ٥ ٤ ٣ ٢ ١
G G G G 
٥J ١
G G G G 
١٠J ٦
G G G G ٤J ١‫א‬

G G G G J ٥‫א‬
١٠
G G ‫א‬‫א‬

G G ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬   E٢F ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 WE‫א‬‫א‬F

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F

      ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬  
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣
G  G    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬ ٥
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬ ٦
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨
G  G  G   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩
G  G  G   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠
G  G  G   ‫א‬ ١١
G  G  G   ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢
G  G    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٣
G  G    ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤
G     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥
G     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٦
G  G  G  G  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٧
     ١٨
     ١٩
     ٢٠



 K١
 E١J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬EF •
torque wrench‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F •
adjustable wrench •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
EJ J F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 •
 •
E٢J ١F‫א‬‫א‬Wpuller‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E١J ١F



-٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ١F

 K٢
E٣J ١F
‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬ o




‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ١F


-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ o
Test manifold ‫א‬‫א‬ o
E٤J ١F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬ o
‫א‬ o




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ١F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E٤J ١F‫א‬W‫א‬ o
 E٥J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o


-٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ١F

E٦J ١FF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ o
Vacuum gauge  o
‫א‬‫ א‬o




‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ١F
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

E٧J ١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
E٨J ١F‫א‬ •

‫א‬ K٤
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
E–‫א‬–F‫א‬ ƒ

  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ١F




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ١F

‫• א‬
Test manifold ‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ƒ
E–U –F‫ƒ א‬

- ١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬•
‫א‬•
‫א‬•
E٩J ١F‫•א‬




 ‫א‬E٩J ١F
‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
 •
 •
 •

 K٦
FE١٠J ١FF‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ER11
–––‫א‬–J  •

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ١F

 ‫א‬ K٧
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 E١١J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

  ‫א‬          ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬E – –‫א‬ –  –‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ



- ١٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬E١١J ١F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ƒ
‫א‬
،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ƒ
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ƒ
 K‫א‬‫א‬، ƒ

- ١٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E١٢J ١FK‫א‬
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KEKKKJ ‫א‬J J F‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 E‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
Troubleshooting ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬symptom‫א‬‫א‬KE١٣J ١Fcharts
‫א‬Krecommended action‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬probable cause ‫א‬
 K


- ١٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢J ١F


- ١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫( ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ ﺘﺸﺨﻴﺹ ﺍﻷﻋﻁﺎل‬١٣-١ ) ‫ﺸﻜل‬



- ١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١١
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧


- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬ K١
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
house refrigerator‫א‬‫א‬ •
Window A/C‫א‬‫• א‬
Split units E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
Package unit ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫• א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WK‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 15 >∆ T>10 oCF‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬   E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬K ،‫א‬‫א‬     •
      ‫א‬  ‫א‬    K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬     K‫א‬  
    ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫• א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٢F
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬






 ‫א‬E٢J ٢F



 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫ א‬‫א‬

- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٤J ٢F
٪١٠E‫א‬F   ‫א‬K‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F PH 




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٢F

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤
     ‫א‬ ٥
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ٦
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٩
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠
     ‫א‬ ١١
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٣
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٦
     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٧
     ١٨
     ١٩
     ٢٠
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW


 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
  K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KEKKKKJ ––F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •

 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦

- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬E‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE–‫א‬F‫• א‬
 KEKKKKKKKKK‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬F‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

––F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E –
‫א‬ ‫א‬KE ‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٣FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEKKKKK‫א‬F


 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٣F

 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J J ‫א‬J ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K




- ٣٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬– ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬
 E٢J ٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ 
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬


‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ودرﺟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ 

‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻠﻮف‬


‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺰﻳﻴﺖ‬ 

‫اﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ٣F


‫א‬‫א‬ J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬
KK ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ o
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬EF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K Semi hermetic‫א‬ Hermetic ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬copper plating‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

EKKK، R133– R717 –R134a-R22 )‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E–F‫א‬‫א‬E ،‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬٥‫א‬ •
E––F‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬

- ٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E J ‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬EJ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
‫א‬‫א‬springs
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫أ – اﻟﻤﻜﺜﻒ اﻟﻤﺒﺮد ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻮاء‬
 W‫ اﻟﻤﻜﺜﻒ اﻟﻤﺒﺮد ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻮاء‬٤-٣ ‫ﻳﺒﻴﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ ،
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫هﻮاء‬
‫ﺧﺎرج‬

‫هﻮاء‬
‫داﺧﻞ‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E٥J ٣F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬E aqua rite ‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ٣F

‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬J 
 WK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٣F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫ א‬o
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •




‫ﻣﺤﺮك‬ 
‫اﻟﻤﺮوﺣﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ 
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ‬

 ‫اﻟﺤﺸﻮ‬


‫ﻣﺎء اﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ‬ 

‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎرج‬ 

‫اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ‬


‫اﻟﻨﺰف‬


 E٦J ٣F



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •

 chiller 
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬E٥J ٣‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬


‫هﻮاء ﺧﺎرج‬
‫هﻮاء داﺧﻞ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺋﻊ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ داﺧﻞ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺋﻊ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﺎرج‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ٣F

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
E  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ٣F
W‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬o
WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮ آﺒﻴﺮ‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٣F

‫א‬W‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬W‫ א‬o

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬–
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٣F
‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬processor‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EKKKKKJ ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

TEV‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ٣F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٣F
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ٣F
‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫( ﺻﻤﺎم ﻋﻮاﻣﺔ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﻠﻰ‬١٠-٣) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 EKK،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE١١J ٣F‫א‬
‫א‬ K١
E١١J ٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K٢
–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٢J ٣FE–


 ‫א‬‫א‬E١١J ٣F

 E١٢J ٣F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٣J ٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


  
 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣J ٣F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫؟‬E‫א‬J F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬J 
  F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫؟‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
CHILLER‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
AHU‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫ א‬o
‫ א‬o
‫א‬ o
‫א‬ o
‫ א‬o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
CENTRAL A/C UNITS MAINTENANCE

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
J E F‫א‬‫א‬J EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬EF •
 
EF •
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬E١J ٤F

 chiller main. ‫א‬W

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ F ‫א‬   E٢J ٤F  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ٤٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٤F



‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮاوح‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺜﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺜﻒ‬

‫ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟﺘﻤﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺮد‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ‬



 ‫א‬E٢J ٤F


- ٤٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 Air Handling Unit ‫א‬‫א‬W


RAD‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬RA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٤F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KOAD‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬OA ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Air duct, dampers and mixing box main. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
E J ‫א‬ J F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
vacuum cleaner‫א‬‫א‬ o

Air filtersmain. ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬

- ٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KK‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 Humidifiermain.‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫• א‬

- ٥٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬ F ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ o
 EPsychometric chart ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 EF‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 E٣J ٤F
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 EPsychometric chart ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬   E 9.00 J 8.5  F PH  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ o
‫א‬

 ‫א‬
Cooling coil‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٤F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫ﻣﺴﺮب اﻟﻬﻮاء‬
‫ﺧﺮوج ﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﺒﺎرد‬

‫ﺳﺨﺎن‬
‫آﻬﺮﺑﻲ‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻣﺮوﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫اﻹﻣﺪاد‬
‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺷﺪ اﻟﺴﻴﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻃﺐ ﺑﺒﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء‬

‫دﺧﻮل اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﺒﺎرد‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٤F

‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 KE٣J ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 DX coil‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬DX coil‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
      F ‫א‬‫א‬  E ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬F
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

Electric heater‫א‬‫• א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬   J  ‫א‬  F ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ o
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 supply fan ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٤F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
E٣J ٤‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٤F


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

  
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.١
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٥

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬ o
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 Troubleshooting ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬     K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬F ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K ‫א‬  
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
 Ohmmeter ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Voltmeter‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K continuity‫א‬
 0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬  ‫א‬E١J ٥F K ∞ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬NCNO ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ٥٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

L1
S1 Ω
S2

N

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٥F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬L1voltmeter ‫א‬L2 (N)L1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KL2 (N) ‫א‬‫א‬
E٢J ٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 KN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬

L1

S1
V

S2

N


 voltmeter‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ٥F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 Reset.‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
   ‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ high pressure cut out
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

 ‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬K
 K
 ‫א‬_
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬E١F

 ‫א‬E١F

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬J ١ J ١ J ١ 
‫א‬ F‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    J ٢ 
J ٢  E‫א‬ ‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬
 ‫ א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬J ٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬J ٤  
 J ٤

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫ א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬J ١ J ١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬J ٢ J ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
J ‫א‬F  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬ J ‫א‬  ‫ א‬‫א‬J ٣
E‫א‬J  E‫א‬ J ٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬‫ א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ١ J ١ J ١ J ١ ‫א‬
 ‫ א‬J F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬J ٢ J  J ٢ ‫א‬J ٢
 ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E‫א‬J J ٣  
J ٢ ‫א‬ J ٣
‫א‬  ‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫ א‬‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬‫א‬J ١ J ١ J ١ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
  ‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬J ٣   J ٣
‫א‬ J ٣ ‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ٤

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬J ١ J ١ ‫א‬ J ١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ א‬  ‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬‫ א‬J ٢  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬J ٢
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣ ‫א‬‫א‬
J ٣ J ٢ ‫א‬  ١٣٥
 ‫א‬  ‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٣
‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤ J ٣ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬J ١ ‫א‬J ١ J ١ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫ א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J ٢ ‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬J ٢  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٣ ‫א‬J ٣
 ‫א‬ 
‫א‬J ٣ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 





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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
J     J  ‫א‬    W   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬ J ‫א‬J ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬J

 ECompressor stopped ‫א‬F‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬    
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 EKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 KKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬ •


 Compressor fails to start‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 1Φ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬J J ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 220/208 V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 3Φ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 EJ F‫א‬ •

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •


 cycling ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FHP ‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  F  LP  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  o
‫א‬ J ‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  OL ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  IMP‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Long time operation‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 J ‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 E‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 E‫א‬J ‫א‬J F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •


 ‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   Range & approach  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 TEV‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  •
 Power element‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬

- ٦٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬   K‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

 ‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 ‫א‬  E J  J F    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 J  J  J F ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬   E
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     KE F‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬EK
 E‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ E  ١ J ٢L١ ‫א‬F   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬    ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬Evacuum pumpF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٣J ٥F          ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻮي‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺮب‬

‫رﻃﻮﺑﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٥F



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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 KEhalide torchF‫א‬ •
KER12, R22.....F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E٤J ٥F‫א‬ 
        ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬E٤J ٥F

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ٢٨‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 E electronic leak detector ) ‫א‬‫• א‬

–‫א‬FE٥J ٥FE‫א‬ F‫א‬ 
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ٥F

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 ١٠٠‫א‬٢٨‫א‬‫א‬K

 (soap bubbles)‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 Esulfur candle )‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 hydrochloricacid‫א‬ •
- ٧٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 E    F  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
R22،R717‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ 
  E١٥٠ PSI ) E10 bar)  ،R134a ،R12
‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬  E R11  
‫א‬‫א‬ KE٦J ٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Evacuation and dehydration‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    F ‫א‬‫א‬         ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Vacuum pumpE‫א‬
‫א‬   (Rotary) ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 J W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(oil sealed) 
‫א‬E F‫א‬  •
 NC‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٥F

F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 5 mbar ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 50 mbar  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KEchillers‫א‬
–F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 KE

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 (Refrigeration charging)‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،     ‫א‬   
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬F
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 (charging by weight )‫ א‬o
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J W

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 charging by sight glass condition‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    F ‫א‬      ‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬      
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬     ٤٣ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   E   ‫א‬ F  ‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
Charging by pressure- temperature relation ship
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 0.136 kPa ( 2 psi ) ‫א‬ J
(1 F) ٠{٥ ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
0.2 -0.34kpa‫א‬(1psi) 0.07 kpa‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬(2-4 psi)0.136- 0.272kpa،‫א‬(3-5psi)
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ Tc   Ts  ‫א‬     •
 K
‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬    ‫• א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 Charging with charging chart ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ HEAT PUMPS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬        ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ COOL ‫א‬‫א‬
 LP
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ETdbF ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ETwbF  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬15‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  (2) Tdb, Twb )F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  (Tdb)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Tdb)‫א‬ (Twb) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻥ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺃﻗل ﻓﺭﻕ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺴﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﺩ‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬chillers‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    LP ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ∆T‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∆T‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٧J ٥F‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫ﻓﺮق درﺟﺎت اﻟﺤﺮارة‬

‫اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ‬

‫( ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻥ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻱ ﺃﻗل ﻓﺭﻕ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺴﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬٧-٥) ‫ﺸﻜل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬

 discharging of oil‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬pumping downF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 charging of oil‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫؟‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫؟‬
‫؟‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 Log sheets analysis‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٦F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 WE٦J ١F
 ‫א‬ .١
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ o
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 double risers‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬ ٦٠ J ٥٠W‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ W‫ א‬o
  K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬W‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
W‫א‬ o
   K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ •
Test ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ manifold
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬o
٨J ٤F‫א‬E ٢J ١ J  ١٤ J  ٨‫א‬F
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E ١٤J ٨‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫• א‬
F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  .١
 L1 L2 , ‫א‬‫א‬Voltmeter‫א‬E٢٠٨L٢٢٠

- ٨٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ 

1/2 2/3
2 ‫א‬ 
8 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬     
 
6 8 ‫א‬ - 

10 12 ‫א‬  40 50 

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

7 7 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  J 

‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F
‫א‬ 2 2..2 bar ‫א‬ 
3 5 

E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬
  - - 
‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬ - 
 E
 ‫א‬ - ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬ - 
  ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 4..2 4. 2KbrK ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

  16 b  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
90
6 8 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
15 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
4 6 8
‫א‬
11 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬
 220 
 
 218 230/208
H ‫א‬ 
219
 

0.9%  - ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬

‫א‬


  ‫א‬
25
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
24 42.8
 ‫א‬ 25

- ٨١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
2.7% -
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
>100 >5
‫א‬ ‫א‬
Mo Mohm
 ‫א‬

21 22 b    KKKKKKKKK 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKK ‫א‬
18 18 b  ‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKK

  ‫א‬ 

3 3b 120 180
‫א‬  
5  ‫א‬
‫א‬ 25 ‫א‬
5
 
 
‫א‬
 
5 4  J
‫א‬
13   L
 ‫א‬ 
16
‫א‬
‫א‬

  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKK ‫א‬ 
 KKKKKKKKK ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

15 b  ‫א‬
 
5 5 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
  
‫א‬‫א‬
28 40  ‫א‬
‫א‬
38 55  E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
EF
‫א‬
220 220 ‫א‬
6 8 ‫א‬
‫א‬
>10 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
Mo
‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
‫א‬

- ٨٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

1-2 
‫א‬


KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬

 KKKKKKKK‫א‬K

       ‫א‬


 ‫א‬E١J ٦F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KL1L3, L2L3

‫א‬F٪١‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
Over ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 1.1%
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K current
 K10%‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
   K     ٥     K ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬١٠‫א‬Polarization factor ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
multi ohmmeter ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     W‫א‬  .٤
 Kshort‫א‬K
‫א‬ •

- ٨٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬ %١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬%٥٠٠J ٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬%١٠٠‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EFW‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬    K‫א‬   ‫א‬   W‫א‬  •
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٣٥‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ spring‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ E  ‫א‬F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 WE١J ٦F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

- ٨٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫ א‬o
‫ א‬o
‫ א‬o
‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫ א‬o
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬
    ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 WE١J ٦F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬ .٢
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٣
 E
‫א‬W‫ א‬.٤




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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 WE١J ٦F‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   W‫א‬‫א‬  ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Kchiller ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  W‫ א‬.١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ א‬.٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬  .٣
 
 ‫• א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ .١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ .٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬  W‫א‬   .٣
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ .٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ .٥

 muffler ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .١
 ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ .١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫ א‬.٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ chiller‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ KEKKKKJ   J   J   F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬chiller‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E ٧F‫א‬E ١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E%٦٠Z3L5ZLF%٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KE 25/42F‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .١
‫א‬  E 40/50 F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  W  o
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E 2/2.2F‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬   E  3.5F ‫א‬  ‫א‬  W‫א‬    o
‫א‬K ٧‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E2 F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E60%F‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E6/8 F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE ٢٨F‫א‬

 E٦F
‫א‬‫א‬K٢١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ o
KE>100 MohmF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٪٦٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢١٩Z٦٥٧L٣ZE٢١٩H٢١٨H٢٢٠FL٣Z‫א‬
 ٠Z٢٢٠–٢٢٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ١Z٢١٩–٢٢٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢Z٢١٨–٢٢٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢Z
 0.9%ZE٢١٩FL٢Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1%‫א‬

   120/180 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   o
 K‫א‬25 A‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 90 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   o
KE 5 F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬E38F‫א‬‫א‬E28F‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E16 F‫א‬E5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  o
E 4F    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F١٠‫א‬٨‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ R22‫א‬ o
‫א‬   ‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ٢ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٨
٧‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬E٠٥F‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٦٠‫א‬٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ o
 K
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  o
 K٪٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬ o
KE8–6 F‫א‬
 K  ‫א‬ ‫א‬W‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   o
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٥
‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬  W‫א‬  o
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬W‫ א‬.١
 W‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
 ‫א‬ W‫א‬ .٣

‫א‬ .٦
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   o
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬W٨‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٧
 ‫א‬ o
 ١٨٢١‫א‬‫א‬ .١

- ٩١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

٥٣٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
 
 ٨٥‫א‬ .٣
  ٣ ٢ ٣‫א‬‫א‬ .٤
 
 ٤٤‫א‬‫א‬ .٥

 ‫א‬ o
 ١٦١٣‫א‬ .١
 ‫א‬٥‫א‬‫ א‬.٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٤

- ٩٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٤

- ٩٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Retrofitting

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ R134a  KR11,R12 ‫א‬
K     R22  ‫א‬‫א‬  R407C  R12
 KR12  R134a ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ R134a R12‫א‬‫א‬
R134a R12  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 R134a‫א‬P-h E٢J ٧FKE١J ٧F 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 R134a R12 ‫א‬
R134a       R12   ‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬ F mineral oil ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ R134a ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ester ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ R134a‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬


- ٩٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 R134a R12 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٧F


‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
KR134aW‫א‬ •
R134a •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٣J ٧FRefrigerant recovery – recycle unit‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٩٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 R134a‫א‬P-h (٢J ٧F

 •
 R134a R12  •
 •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 R12R134aR12

- ٩٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬     K١
 ‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  R12 ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
 E‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٧F
 ‫א‬‫א‬ R١٣٤a‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ R12 ‫א‬  ‫ א‬K٣
E‫א‬FE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
   ‫א‬     ‫א‬     
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ vacuum‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬K٧
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ester  R134a 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬ K٨
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬deep vacuum K٩
 KR134a ‫א‬ester R12 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
mineral ‫א‬‫א‬   ester‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K١١
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤ ١٠‫א‬F
 KE

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  R12 ‫א‬  R134a ‫א‬ J 

 W%١R12
 K‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 K‫א‬ester‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬deep vacuum K٤
‫א‬١٠ ester ‫א‬‫א‬ R12 ‫א‬ K٥
 Kmineral ‫א‬
  ٪١‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ وﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ودراﺳﺔ‬R134a ‫ووﺳﻴﻂ اﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ ester ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ R12 
 ‫أداﺋﻬﺎ‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ R12 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
- ٩٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 ‫א‬R134a‫א‬ester‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
K leak test ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
E3 mbarF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬deep vacuum K١٠
  (R12 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٧٥%F R134a ‫א‬ ‫ א‬K١١
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 R12 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١٥

- ١٠٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٢٢٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٨F



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Across the line٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ( megger ) ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬ F      500 V      
‫א‬ L1L2 – L3L2 – L1L3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬

- ١٠٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

    ∞  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ K    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ L1- L2 – L3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
KK‫א‬ ٥‫א‬ ∞
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬KE٢J ٨F‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ٨F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ K٤
   K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E٣J ٨F   ‫א‬   
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ o
K‫א‬ o
 o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣J ٨‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ K٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤J ٨F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬





 ‫א‬E٤J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE٥J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


   

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ٨F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
  ‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF
KE٦J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٨F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١١
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬          ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٧J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ٨F

 ‫א‬ K١٣
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬     ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E ‫א‬   F ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE٨J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١٥
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K      
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬ K١٦
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

 ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 WE١١J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬




‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ٨F

‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE ٢ J ٨F‫א‬E
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٥J ٨‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬    K‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  
  K    ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬ K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١J ٨F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
   ‫א‬ Dial indicator     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K

‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺻﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻋﻮدة اﻟﺰﻳﺖ‬.٨
‫ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﺘﺄآﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮآﺔ اﻟﺼﻤﺎم ﺣﺴﺐ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ وﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﺗﺄآﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮص اﻟﺼﻠﺐ ووﺟﻮد اﻟﺴﻮﺳﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬
.‫وﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﺷﻮاﺋﺐ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺮآﺔ اﻟﻘﺮص اﻟﻤﺮن‬

‫ ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﺔ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﺼﻔﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺕ‬.٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﻠﻮف اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ .١٠

 ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤
   E‫א‬  ‫א‬F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬E‫א‬٦F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٨F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٢J ٨F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬EF




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢J ٨F

  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬     K ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
E١٢–٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬      
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١١٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬E١٣J ٨F


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Filler‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬

Part number‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E١٤ J ٨FK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٤J ٨F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    W  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ –‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K٨
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ K٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K١١
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W ‫א‬   ‫א‬   K١٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ K١٥
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K١٦
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ W‫א‬  K١٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬     ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬ ‫א‬    W‫א‬  K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ F   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
  ‫א‬  F ‫א‬     ‫א‬   E ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ –FE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  KE‫א‬  ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٤


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E–‫א‬F‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬dry run ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EV, IF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
Ps – Ts‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 Pd ,Td ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 Lop‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬ K٥
super heat‫א‬ K٦
‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
‫א‬  ٢٤  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬





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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬ K١
‫א‬ o
‫ א‬o
‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
‫؟‬١‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

1. " Air conditioning and Refrigeration troubleshooting hand book"

Author : Billy C. Langly
Publisher ; Prentice Hall
2. Carrier, Trane, and York catalogs
3. " Practical heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration"
Author : Henary W. Puzio & Jin Jonson
Publisher; Delmar
4. " Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning"
Author : Althouse et al.

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٥

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 ‫א‬  ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٥ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٥ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٥ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
١٥ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
١٩  
٢١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٢٣ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٥ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٧ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٢٨  
٣٠ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٤ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٦ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٣٨ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٠ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٣ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٤٥  
٤٧ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٧  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٤٩  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
٥٠  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٥١ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٥٣  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
٥٤  ‫א‬‫א‬
٥٤ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٥٦  
٥٨  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٥٨ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢١٤  
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

٦٠  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٦٠  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٦٥  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٦٦  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٦٦  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٦٧  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٦٧  KKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٦٨  ‫א‬‫א‬
٧١  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٧٣  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٧٦  ‫א‬
٧٦  ‫א‬
٧٧  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
٧٩  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٨٨  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٩٣  
٩٥  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٩٥  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKR134aR12‫א‬
٩٧  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٣  
١٠٣  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٩  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٤  KKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٦  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٦  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٨  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٩  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
١٢١  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٢٠  
١١٦  KKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS