Envi Ethics and Impact Anthropogenic 003

Principles of Environmental
Science
07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 1

Principles of Environmental Science
1 Environmental Ethics and Worldviews

Topics 2 Impact of Anthropogenic
Activities on the Environment

1 Environmental Ethics and
Worldviews

What is Environmental Ethics?
• The moral relationship of human

beings to environment and the value
and right status of the environment
and its non human content.
• Study of the ethical basis of

environment or discussion of the
ethical basis of environmental
protection.

Why need to study Environmental Ethics?
To overcome the following questions.
1. What are the environment damage

produce by the present generation?
2. What acts must be give up to slow

such damage?

Why need to study Environmental Ethics?
To overcome the following questions.
1. What are the environment damage

produce by the present generation?
2. What acts must be give up to slow

such damage?

Environmental Damage
POLLUTION:
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Land pollution

Environmental Damage
2) RESOURCE DEPLETION:
• Depletion of Species &
Habits
• Depletion of Fossil fuels
etc.

Environmental Ethics Principles
• We should have deep respect for nature.

• We must maintain a harmonious relation
with other species.
• Everyone should take responsibility for this
impact on nature.
• Local & indigenous environmental
knowledge should be respected.

MISSION
To protect, restore and enhance environmental quality towards good
public health, environmental integrity and economic viability.
QUALITY, ENVIRONMENT, and HEALTH

and SAFETY (QEHS) OBJECTIVES
Tarlac State University is committed to improve continually for:

“Management of environmental aspects towards the prevention of pollution.
compliant to regulatory and statutory requirements for the utmost satisfaction of its
valued customers.”

Mandates | Functions
• Republic Act 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
of 2000)
• Republic Act 8749 (Clean Air Act of 1999)
• Republic Act 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004)
• Republic Act 6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous and
Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990)
• Republic Act 9512 (Environmental Awareness and Education
Act of 2008)

The Ethical Values for Pollution Control
• We should recognize our moral duty

to protect the welfare not only
human beings, but also of other
nonhuman parts of this system.
• Usefulness of non-human world for
human purposes.
• Humans have no rights to reduce this
richness & diversity expect to satisfy
vital needs.

Various World Views and Ethical Perspectives
ANTHROPOCENTRISM
We can best protect nature by looking out for

human needs.
Ex: Ducks Unlimited preserves wetlands
Ex: Saving the rainforests will provide O2 and medicines for

humans.
Problem: Would you blow up the world if you

were the last human?
STEWARDSHIP
MAN AS STEWARD
A sense of responsibility to manage and care

for the environment

STEWARDSHIP
Four Criteria of Moral Responsibility
•The person has knowledge of the

consequences of the act.
•The person has the capacity to do the act.
•The person has the choice to do it.

BIOCENTRIC
Life-centered morality
• All and only living beings, specifically
individual organisms have intrinsic value
and moral standing.
• Humans are not superior to other life forms
nor privileged, and must respect the
inherent worth of every organism
• Humans should minimize harm and
interference with nature: eat vegetarian
since less land needs to be cultivated.
ECO-CENTRIC HOLISM
Ecosystem centered morality

• Non-individuals (the earth as an
interconnected ecosystem, species, natural
processes) have moral standing or intrinsic
value and are deserving of respect.
• Individuals must be concerned about the
whole community of life/nature,
• Humans should strive to preserve ecological
balance and stability.
CATCH: Environmental Ethics and Worldviews
1
Genesis 1:1
1In the beginning God created the heavens
and the earth.

2 Impact of Anthropogenic
Activities on the Environment
The Human Impact on the Environment

BIODIVERSITY
• The total of all the different species

living in a given area

Where do we find the greatest
biodiversity?
RAINFOREST

Biodiversity = Stability
The greater the biodiversity the greater the

stability of an ecosystem.

Threats to Biodiversity
• Habitat destruction
• Deforestation
• Global Climate Change
• Species Exploitation
• Species Extinction

AMAZON DEFORESTATION

DEFORESTATION
• Upsets Carbon Cycle

• More CO2 into atmosphere
• Less O2 into the atmosphere

DEFORESTATION

EXTINCTION VS. ENDANGERED SPECIES
• Extinction is when a species is

completely wiped out of its habitat
• Endangered species is when a
species’ population is declining
rapidly and they are close to
extinction

EXTINCT SPECIES

Renewable Resources
These are resources that can regenerate

or replace themselves.

Non-renewable Resources
A resource that can

NOT be replaced or
replenished by natural
processes
Fossil Fuels

Non-renewable Resources
In order to reduce consumption of

nonrenewable resources, humans could
(1) burn coal to heat houses instead of using

oil
(2) heat household water with solar radiation
(3) increase industrialization
(4) use a natural-gas grill to barbecue
instead of using charcoal

Humans are using up the earth’s resources,
including fossil fuels.

Burning fossil fuels in cars and power stations produces carbon
dioxide, sulphur dioxide and other greenhouse gases
carbon dioxide traps heat in

the atmosphere and causes
the temperature of the earth
to rise.
This leads to disruption of the

weather patterns e.g.
drought, floods
Some weeds may thrive on

the extra carbon dioxide
while other plants are killed

• Improvements in agriculture health and medicine have
produced a dramatic rise in the human population
• This increase in population size leads to an increase in
pollution and higher demand for the world’s resources

Sulphur dioxide will dissolve in rain producing Acid Rain
Acid rain damages trees and pollutes rivers and lakes.

Acid rain causes erosion of
buildings
and statues particularly if they
are made of limestone

DEFORESTATION
In may countries people

are chopping down
forests to provide timber
or space for agriculture
for the growing
population

THIS CAUSES SEVERAL PROBLEM
1. Burning the timber increases the level of carbon

dioxide in the air
2. Less trees means less carbon dioxide absorbed
for photosynthesis
3. Soil is eroded as it is exposed to the wind and
rain
4. Less water is transpired into the atmosphere
5. Many animal and plant habitats are destroyed
causing extinction of species

INTENSIVE FARMING
Farming has become

more intensive to
provide a higher %
yield from land
Many people regard
intensive farming of
animals to be cruel
In order to produce
more food from the
land farmers have to
use more fertilisers and
pesticides

PROBLEMS WITH FERTILIZERS
Fertilisers enable farmers to grow more

food as they are replacing the nutrients
removed from the soil by plants
However, if too much fertiliser is added and
it then rains, the fertiliser finds its way into
rivers and lakes
This causes the water plants to grow and
as there is competition for light, some will
die

PROBLEMS WITH FERTILIZERS
Bacteria decay the dead

plants and in so doing use
up oxygen from the water
This means the fish
suffocate and die
This process is called
Eutrophication
Raw sewage pumped
into rivers has the same
effect
PESTICIDES
Pesticides kill insects that

will damage crops
They also kill harmless
insects or can get
washed into rivers and
pollute the water
They may even end up in
the food chain

WHAT CAN WE DO?

ORGANIC FARMING?
This produces less food and is more

expensive but it does not produce the
pollution problems of intensive farming

ORGANIC FARMING?
Use farmyard manure as a fertilizer and set

aside land for growth of wild plants

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PESTS
This means using natural predators to eat

pests instead of pesticides
It does not have harmful effects

DEVELOP ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
Conserve our rapidly

diminishing fossil fuel
reserves by using solar
power or wind power

BENEFITS OF CONSERVING ENDANGERED SPECIES
• Ecotourism
• Agricultural benefits
• Species indicators
• Maintaining diversity
in gene pool

CATCH: Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Environment
2
"The care of the Earth is our most ancient
and most worthy, and after all our most
pleasing responsibility. To cherish what
remains of it and to foster its renewal is
our only hope." ~ Wendell Berry

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Principles of Environmental

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 1

1 Environmental Ethics and Worldviews

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 3

• The moral relationship of human

• Study of the ethical basis of

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 4

To overcome the following questions.

1. What are the environment damage

2. What acts must be give up to slow

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 5

To overcome the following questions.

1. What are the environment damage

2. What acts must be give up to slow

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 6

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 7

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 8

• We should have deep respect for nature.

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 9

QUALITY, ENVIRONMENT, and HEALTH

Tarlac State University is committed to improve continually for:

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 10

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 11

• We should recognize our moral duty

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 12

We can best protect nature by looking out for

Ex: Saving the rainforests will provide O2 and medicines for

Problem: Would you blow up the world if you

A sense of responsibility to manage and care

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 14

Four Criteria of Moral Responsibility

•The person has knowledge of the

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 15

Ecosystem centered morality

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 18

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 19

• The total of all the different species

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 20

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 21

The greater the biodiversity the greater the

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07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 23

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• Upsets Carbon Cycle

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 25

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• Extinction is when a species is

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07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 28

These are resources that can regenerate

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 29

A resource that can

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 30

In order to reduce consumption of

(1) burn coal to heat houses instead of using

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 31

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 32

carbon dioxide traps heat in

This leads to disruption of the

Some weeds may thrive on

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 33

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 34

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 35

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 36

In may countries people

07/09/2019 IE 605 - ECOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION | PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 37