第八課 LESSON 8

LESSON 8

What’s in this lesson:

- Giving Directions & Addresses

- Place & Location (t¨i)

- Direction＋Motion (lˆai/kh`i)

GIVING DIRECTIONS & ADDRESSES

DIALOGUE t`ui-¨oe

Tˆan: Lˆim Phˆeng, l´´i ˆe h’ak-h¨au t¨i t´o-¨ui？

Lˆim: T¨i Tiong-san l¨o..

Tˆan: Tiong-san l¨o. k´ui t¨oan？

Lˆim: Tiong-san l¨o. j¨i-t¨oan.

Tˆan: Ó., ch¨iu s¨i t¨i kong-hˆng ˆe pin-´a, t’ioh bˆo？

Lˆim: T’ioh lah！

Tˆan: A´n-ne, l´an chit-m´a lˆai-kh`i kong-hˆng, h´o bˆo？

Lˆim: H´o, l´an lˆai-kh`i ！

- - - - - -

Nˆg: Sian-sin, mˆa-hˆoan l´i k¨a g´oa k´ong h´oe-chhia-thˆau

t¨i t´o-¨ui？

117
LESSON 8 第八課

Tiun: H´oe-chhia-thˆau t¨i Tiong-hˆoa l¨o..

Nˆg: A´n-ch´oan kˆian khah k´in？

Tiun: Seng kˆian k`au Tiong-san l¨o., jˆian-¨au ch`ian oat,

it-t’it kˆian …

Nˆg: Ó.！ G´oa chai-´ian a, h´oe-chhia-thˆau t¨i ˆiu-k’iok

t`ui-b¨in, t’ioh bˆo？

Tiun: T’ioh！

Nˆg: To-s¨ia l´i.

Tiun: B´ian kheh-kh`i！

- - - - - -

L´i: Eng-`am g´oa beh kh`i pˆeng-´iu ˆe chh`u, ¨m-k´u

¨m chai-´ian i ˆe ch¨u-ch´i.

Oˆng: T´o ch’it ¨ui pˆeng-´iu？

L´i: T¨io H¨ui-hong.

Oˆng: I ˆe ch¨u-ch´i t¨i ´i-´a t´eng.

L´i: ´ -´a t´eng ´a-s¨i toh-´a t´eng？

I

Oˆng: Sit-l´e, t¨i g´oa ˆe toh-´a t´eng.

L´i: Ó.！ t¨i chia. Kim-san-ke j¨i-ch’ap-j¨i h¨ang it-lˆong

j¨i-chi-j¨i h¨o san lˆau, t’ioh bˆo？

Oˆng: T’ioh. Hit tiun ch´oa ¨e-s´ai h¨o. l´i.

L´i: To-s¨ia. Kim-san-ke t¨i t´o-¨ui？

118
第八課 LESSON 8

Oˆng: T¨i Su-h¨oan t¨ai-h’ak ¨au-piah.

L´i: Ó.！ G´oa chai-´ian a, to-s¨ia l´i.

Oˆng: B´ian kheh-kh`i！

陳： 林萍，你的學校在哪裡？
林： 在中山路。
陳： 中山路幾段？
林： 中山路二段。
陳： 哦，就是在公園的旁邊，對不對？
林： 對了！
陳： 那麼，我們現在去公園，好不好？
林： 好，我們走吧！
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
黃： 先生，麻煩您告訴我火車站在哪裡。
張： 火車站在中華路。
黃： 怎麼走比較快？
張： 先走到中山路，然後右轉，一直走 …
黃： 喔！我知道了，火車站在郵局對面，對不對？
張： 對！
黃： 謝謝你。
張： 不謝！
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
李： 今天晚上我要去朋友家，可是不知道她的地址。
王： 哪一位朋友？
李： 趙慧芳。
王： 她的地址在椅子上。
李： 椅子上還是桌子上？
王： 對不起，在我的桌子上！
李： 喔！在這裡。金山街二十二巷一弄二之二號三樓，對不對？
王： 對。那張紙可以給你。
李： 謝謝。金山街在哪裡？
王： 在師範大學後面。
李： 喔！我知道了。謝謝你。
王： 不謝！

119
LESSON 8 第八課

ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE DIALOGUE 對 話 翻 譯

Tˆan: Lin Pheng, where is your school?
Lˆim: It’s in Zhong Shan Road. (note 5)
Tˆan: Which section of Zhong Shan Road?
Lˆim: Zhong Shan Road, section 2.
Tˆan: Oh ! It’s right next to the park, right?
Lˆim: Right !
Tˆan: In that case, how about us going to the park now?
Lˆim: Fine. Let’s go ! (or Let’s kˆian !)

- - - - - -

Nˆg: Sir/Mister, may I trouble you to tell me where the train station is.
Tiun: The train station is in Zhong Hua Road. (note 2)
Nˆg: Which way is quicker to go?
Tiun: First go to Zhong Shan Road, then turn right, go straight on ..
Nˆg: Oh ! I know, the train station is opposite the post office, right?
Tiun: Right !
Nˆg: Thank you.
Tiun: You’re welcome.

- - - - - -

L´i: I am going to my friend’s home this evening, but I don’t know her
address.
Oˆng: Which friend?
L´i: Tio Hui-hong.
Oˆng: Her address is on the chair.
L´i: On the chair or on the table?
Oˆng: Sorry, it’s on my table !
L´i: Oh ! It’s here. Jin Shan Street, lane 22, alley 1, #2-2, 3rd floor, right?
Oˆng: Right. You can have that piece of paper.
L´i: Thanks. Where is Jin Shan Street?
Oˆng: It’s behind the Teacher Training University.
L´i: Oh ! I know. Thank you.
Oˆng: You’re welcome.

120
第八課 LESSON 8

NEW VOCABULARY sin-j¨i

1. h’ak-h¨au 學 校 (PW) school

2. t¨i 在 (V) to be (located) at

3. t´o-¨ui 哪 裡 (QW) where?

4. san / soan 山 (N) mountain, hill (M: 座 l’iap)

5. l¨o. 路 (N) road, path; way, route

(M: 條 tˆiau)

6. t¨oan 段 (M/N) (road) section; period (of time)

7. ch¨iu-s¨i 就 是 (A) just the very ... ! exactly ! right !

8. kong-hˆng 公 園 (N) park, public gardens

9. pin-´a 旁 邊 (PW) alongside, next to, by the side of

10. t’ioh 對 (SV) to be correct, right

(negative: ¨m-t’ioh)

11. k¨a .. k´ong 告 訴 (V) to tell, to inform (someone)

12. ´an-ch´oan 怎 麼 (QW) How? By what means?

In what way? (note 4)

13. kˆian 走 (V) to go (by way of)

kˆian / ch´au 走 (V) to go, to depart, to leave

14. k´in 快 (SV) fast, quick

b¨an 慢 (SV) slow

15. seng 先 (A) first

121
LESSON 8 第八課

16. k`au 到 (CV) to (a place or time); up to, as far as

k`au 到 (V) to arrive (of vehicles or people)

17. jˆian-¨au 然 後 (MA) then, afterwards

18. ch`ian oat 右 轉 (PH) turn (to the) right (note 3)

t`o oat 左 轉 (PH) turn (to the) left

ch`ian 右 (PW) right

(右 邊 ch`ian-pˆeng right side)

t`o 左 (PW) left

(左 邊 t`o-pˆeng left side)

19. it-t’it kˆian (一) 直 走 (EX) to go straight on ahead

20. t`ui-b¨in 對 面 (PW) opposite, facing

21. b´ian kheh-kh`i 不 用 客 氣 Don’t mention it! You’re welcome!

22. t¨e-ch´i 地 址 (N) (street) address

ch¨u-ch´i 住 址 (N) (street) address

23. T¨io 趙 (N) (a Taiwanese family name)

24. ´i-´a 椅 子 (N) chair (M: t`e or lˆiau)

25. toh-´a 桌 子 (N) table (M: t`e)

26. ke 街 (N) street (M: 條 tˆiau)

27. h¨ang 巷 (M) lane

h¨ang-´a 巷 子 (N) a lane (M: 條 tˆiau)

122
第八課 LESSON 8

28. lˆong 弄 (M) alley, sub-lane

29. chi 之 (P) (of)

30. h¨o 號 (M) number of a house

31. lˆau 樓 (M) (number of the) floor (in a building)

32. ch´oa 紙 (N) paper (M: 張 tiun )

33. Su-h¨oan t¨ai-h’ak 師範大學 Teacher Training University,

National Normal University

Tˆai-oˆan t¨ai-h’ak 台灣大學 Taiwan University

t¨ai-h’ak 大 學 (N) university (M: 所 keng)

34. -b¨in 面 (BF) (turns a PW-suffix into a Place

Word) (note 8)

g¨oa-b¨in 外 面 (PW) outside (of) (or g¨oa-kháu)

l¨ai-b¨in 裡 面 (PW) inside (of)

-l¨ai 裡 (BF) in(side)

t´eng-b¨in 上 面 (PW) above, on top (of)

-t´eng 上 (BF) on, above

¨e-b¨in / ¨e-kha 下 面 (PW) below, at the bottom (of)

¨au-piah 後 面 (PW) behind, at the back (of)

thˆau-chˆeng 前 面 (BF) in front (of)

35. chh¨i 市 (BF) City

Tˆai-pak-chh¨i 台 北 市 (PW) Taipei City (see Worth Noting)

123
LESSON 8 第八課

POSITION & LOCATION (t¨i 在)

Where is it? Where are they?

(expressing location)

Noun t¨i Place Word

Chheh t¨i toh-´a-t´eng
書 在 桌子上

Book is on table(-top)

The book is on the table

In order to describe where a person or object is located (e.g. He is

in England. The book is on the table), Taiwanese uses the pattern:

Noun + t¨i + Place Word

Nouns (e.g. toh-´a, poe-´a, etc.) can be turned into Place Words by
adding a PW-suffix (e.g. t´eng, l¨ai): toh-´a-t´eng, poe-´a-l¨ai.

Note that when using t¨i, in this sentence pattern, it is an Action

Verb with the meaning: to be in/at/on.

124
第八課 LESSON 8

1. Repetition Drill

S bˆo t¨i Place Word

I t¨i Tˆai-tiong
Hit-ˆe B´i-kok-lˆang t¨i h´oe-chhia-thˆau
G´in-´a bˆo t¨i in tau
Thˆau-ke-nˆiu bˆo t¨i chh`ai-chh¨i-´a
Chhia-ph`io t¨i i hia
Kong-hˆng t¨i s´im-m’ih s´o.-ch¨ai ?

他在台中
那個美國人在火車站
孩子不在他們家
老闆娘不在菜市場
車票在他那裡
公園在什麼地方？

2. Positional Noun as Place Word

Repetition Drill

S bˆo t¨i Place Word

Tˆai-ˆoan t¨ai-h’ak t¨i thˆau-chˆeng
Chin ch¨e Eng-kok-lˆang t¨i ¨au-piah
San bˆo t¨i t´eng-b¨in
´i-´a bˆo t¨i ¨e-b¨in
G´in-´a t¨i l¨ai-b¨in
S´iang t¨i g¨oa-b¨in ?

台灣大學在前面
很多英國人在後面
衣服不在上面
椅子不在下面
孩子在裡面
誰在外面？
125
LESSON 8 第八課

3. Positional Noun suffixed to other Nouns, the whole acting as a Place Word.
Repetition Drill
S A t¨i N + Place Word
Su-h¨oan t¨ai-h’ak t¨i g´oan tau thˆau-chˆeng
Ch´oa t¨i toh-´a ¨e-b¨in
L´in pˆeng-´iu bˆo t¨i soan t´eng
L¨au-su bˆo t¨i h’ak-h¨au l¨ai(-b¨in)
Kong-hˆng t¨i in tau ¨au-piah
H’ak-seng l´ong t¨i chhia-thˆau g¨oa-b¨in, s¨i bˆo ?

師範大學在我家前面
紙在桌子下面
你朋友不在山上
老師不在學校裡(面)
公園在她家後面
學生都在車站外面嗎？

4. Question & Answer Drill: Answer the questions using the words supplied.
Example: Teacher: Chhia-ph`io t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( toh-´a t´eng )
車票在哪兒？ ( 桌子上 )
Student: Chhia-ph`io t¨i toh-´a t´eng.
車票在桌子上。
Teacher: Chhia-ph`io t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( toh-´a t´eng ) Student:
車票在哪兒？ ( 桌子上 )
Teacher: K´oe-ch´i t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( hia ) Student:
水果在哪兒？ ( 那裡 )
Teacher: L´i l¨au-su t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( h’ak-h¨au ) Student:
李老師在哪兒？ ( 學校 )
Teacher: L´in pˆeng-´iu t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( g´oan chh`u ¨au-piah )
你朋友在哪兒？ ( 我家後面 )
Teacher: Hit-ˆe s´o.-ch¨ai t¨i t´o-¨ui？ ( Ko-hˆiong ) Student:
那個地方在哪兒？ ( 高雄 )
126
第八課 LESSON 8

DIRECTION & MOTION

S kh`i + PW purpose
G´oa kh`i h’ak-h¨au s¨iong kh`o
我 去 學校 上課

I go to school to attend class

11. In previous lessons, we have already met the following pattern.

Note that lˆai/kh`i express both motion (come/go) as well as direction
(here/there) in relation to where the speaker is situated.
The purpose of coming/going is placed after lˆai / kh`i ＋ PW

S TW 不 AV 來/去 Place Word purpose

n .
Iˆu l¨au-su ¨e-po beh kh`i h’ak-h¨au
Lˆau th`ai-th`ai kin-´a-j’it s¨iun beh kh`i chh`ai-chh¨i-´a b´e chh`ai
I ˆe g´in-´a mˆe-nˆi beh kh`i B´i-kok kiat-hun
Ngˆo. s´io-ch´ia ¨m lˆai g´oan tau ch’iah-p¨ng
Chh`oa sian-sin bˆo `eng-kai lˆai Tˆai-pak
n
S´iang eng-`am s¨iu beh lˆai g´oan chia ?

楊老師下午要去學校
劉太太今天想要去菜市場買菜
他的孩子明年要去美國結婚
吳小姐不來我(們)家吃飯
蔡先生不應該來台北
誰晚上想要來我們這裡？

127
LESSON 8 第八課

ACTIVITY 活 動 o’ah-t¨ang
Tell your teacher Mr. Li’s schedule for “ This Week ”

p`ai-it At school

p`ai-j¨i Goes to Taiwan University for class

p`ai-san At the park

p`ai-s`i Goes to Kaohsiung for a meal

p`ai-g¨o. At Miss. Ngo. home

p`ai-l’ak Rests

l´e-p`ai(-j’it) Goes to America.

Toh-´a-t´eng ¨u s´im-m’ih m’ih-k¨ian ？ 桌子上有什麼東西？

Lˆang t¨i t´o-¨ui？ 人在哪裡？

128
第八課 LESSON 8

Use the map on page 134 to give directions on how to get

from the train station to your home
from Taiwan University to the post office
from the park to the train station
from the market to Taiwan University

TRANSLATION 翻 譯 hoan-’ek
1. By the side of the school turn right, then go straight ahead.
2. Please tell him that we want to leave now.
3. What’s your address? - because I plan to go to your home on Friday evening.
4. I want to go to that mountain, but I don’t know how to get there.
5. We’ll probably eat behind the park .
6. I still have one apple.
7. How many kinds of chairs does he sell?
8. He also ought to do it.
9. When do you have free time?
10. When do your children plan to get married?

WORTH NOTING 註 解
The order of addresses in Taiwanese is the opposite of English:

#7, sub-lane 3, lane 5, Zhongshan Road, section 3, Taipei City, Taiwan

Tˆai-ˆoan Tˆai-pak-chh¨i Tiong-san l¨o. san t¨oan g¨o. h¨ang san lˆong
chhit h¨o
台灣, 台北市, 中山路, 3 段, 5 巷, 3 弄, 7 號

129
LESSON 8 第八課

TRANSLATION OF THE SENTENCE PATTERNS 句型翻譯

1. He is in Taichung.
That American is at the train station.
The child(ren) isn’t at their home.
The shopkeeper’s wife isn’t in the market.
The bus/train ticket is (over there) with him (see note 7)
Where is the park?

2. Taiwan University is in front (or is ahead) of here.

Many British people are at the back (e.g. of this group of foreigners).
The clothes aren’t on top (e.g. of the wardrobe).
The chair isn’t underneath (e.g. of the table)
The child(ren) is inside (e.g. of their home).
Who is outside?

3. The Teacher Training University is in front of my/our home.

The piece of paper is under the table.
Your friend isn’t on the mountain.
The teacher isn’t in the school.
The park is behind her/their home.
Are the students all outside the station?

11. Teacher Iun is going to school in the afternoon (or this afternoon).
Mrs. Lau is thinking of going to the market today to buy some vegetables.
His child is going to America next year to get married.
Miss. Ngo. isn’t coming to my/our home for a meal.
Mr. Chhoa ought not to come to Taipei.
Who is thinking of coming to us (here) in the evening? (note 7)

NOTES 註 解
1. The dialogue contained the sentence "Ó.! G´oa chai-´ian a ". The a
indicates that he now realises/knows (whereas he wasn't clear about it before).

2. Note that t¨i is both a Preposition and an Action Verb. In this sentence,
it is being used as an Action Verb having the meaning ‘to be in’. Taiwanese
Prepositions are more fully introduced in lesson 9.

3. ch`ian oat is a shortened form of oat ch`ian-chh´iu pˆeng. This will

be introduced in greater detail in Lesson 23.

130
第八課 LESSON 8

4. ´an-ch´oan (How? or By what means?) asks about the means or method

by which something is done, or the instrument by which it is accomplished:

L´an beh ´an-ch´oan kˆian？ How do we go? (i.e. route to be taken)

I ´an-ch´oan k`a？
I ´an-ch´oan lˆai？
Chit j¨i ´an-ch´oan th’ak？
How does she teach? (i.e. method)
[ k`a = to teach ]
How is he coming?
(i.e. means of transport)
How is this character pronounced?
[j¨i character; th’ak to read aloud]

´an-ch´oan (怎麼) in Lesson 8 and ´an-ch´oan (怎麼樣) in Lesson 6 compared:

an-ch´oan (怎麼) = how? or by what means?

Chit kh´oan k´oe-ch´i (l´i) ´an-ch´oan ch’iah？ How do you eat this kind
of fruit? (i.e. what method do you use to eat it?)
Answer: first peel it, then cut it into slices.

´an-ch´oan (怎麼樣) = what do (you) think about it?

Chit kh´oan k´oe-ch´i ´an-ch´oan？ What’s your opinion on this kind of
fruit?
Answer: delicious ! -- sweet and juicy !

5. Romanization of place names in Taiwan: In 2001, the Taiwan government

created a new romanization system for spelling road and place names. However,
because some cities chose to use the Mainland pinyin system instead, much
confusion exists! In this textbook, we have chosen to use the Taiwanese
romanization system for people’s names, but use the Mainland Chinese pinyin
romanization system for spelling road and place names.

NOTES regarding t¨i

6. Concerning Drills 2 & 3, t´eng-b¨in, etc. act as positional Nouns and can
therefore stand alone like any other Noun. They can also be suffixed to other
Nouns; however, with t´eng and l¨ai , b¨in is usually dropped.

131
LESSON 8 第八課

7. In order to express the idea “The bus/train ticket is with him”, Taiwanese
demands a Place Word (chia or hia) after the (pro)noun: chhia-ph`io t¨i i
hia. The reason is that a Place Word must always follow t¨i, even though one
is not necessary in the English. chia or hia therefore turns the (pro)noun into
a Place Word (Lesson 9).
He is with his friend I t¨i in pˆeng-´iu hia.

8. Place Words (PW)

Place Words are a class of Nouns which indicate place or position.

Three common types of Place Words are:

a) Proper geographic names which may stand before other Nouns (including
Place Words) to modify them (usually without ˆe).
Like pronouns, they are themselves not readily modified.

b) Positional Nouns ending in b¨in (e.g. ¨e-b¨in, l¨ai-b¨in) as well as chia,

hia and t´o-¨ui may all stand before other Nouns to modify them (usually
with ˆe).
t´eng-b¨in ˆe chheh the book(s) on top
g¨oa-b¨in ˆe toh-´a the table(s) outside
chia-ˆe B´i-kok-lˆang the American(s) here
hia-ˆe h’ak-h¨au the school(s) there

They may also stand after certain Nouns to point out relative position:
toh-´a t´eng-b¨in on the table
ˆiu-k’iok l¨ai-b¨in in(side) the Post Office
g´oan chia (here) at our place / here with us
g´oan pˆeng-´iu hia over (there) at my friend’s (place)

c) Place Word suffixes: l¨ai (b¨in) g¨oa (b¨in) t´eng ¨e

Bound Forms (BF) are monosyllables which are never used independently, but
always in combination with other syllables: e.g. lˆam/cha-po.(male),
l´u/cha-b´o. (female) appear in such words as cha-po. g´in-´a (boy),
l´u pˆeng-´iu (girl friend). They are Bound Forms in that they never stand
alone.
Bound Forms may also appear as endings to Nouns to indicate relative position.
The Noun and the PW-suffix together form a single Place Word:
toh-´a t´eng on the table
poe-´a l¨ai in the cup

Cities and Countries do not require a PW-suffix.

132
第八課 LESSON 8

A few familiar Nouns are Place Words in their own right; that is, they may
stand after t¨i without requiring the addition of a PW-suffix:
chh`u at home
h’ak-h¨au at school
chh`ai-chh¨i-´a in the market
h´oe-chhia-thˆau at/in the train station

Certain Nouns, such as ke (street), s´o.-ch¨ai (place) behave like Place

Words when specified and/or numbered:
hit k´ui ˆe s´o.-ch¨ai in those few places
chit tˆiau ke on this street
hit-ˆe h¨ang-´a in that lane

RULES FOR CHANGING THE TONES

A Noun or Place Word, preceded directly by another Noun, form a tight unit,
and so the final syllable of the first Noun does change tone:
7 7 3 3 7
Tˆai-oˆan t¨ai-h’ak t¨i Tˆai-pak.

The final syllable of a verb-phrase does not change tone, nor does the final
syllable of an Object which comes in the middle of a verb-phrase, unless the
Object is a Personal Pronoun. [verb-phrase = Verb + Object or complement]
1 1 2 1 2 7
n
L´i beh kh`i t´o-¨ui kh`oa pˆeng-´iu？

133
LESSON 8 第八課

Use the map below to give directions on how to get

from the train station to your home
from Taiwan University to the post office
from the park to the train station
from the market to Taiwan University

134
第八課 LESSON 8

Memorize the Following Characters

我 g´oa/ng´o.
I, me
你 l´i
you

他 i
he, him
她 i
she, her

們 (noun suffix to
indicate plural) 要 beh/`iau
to want
want to, going to

不 bˆo/b¨e/¨m/put
not (the negative)
嗎 bˆo？
(interrogative
sentence particle)

135
LESSON 8 第八課

我你他她
們要不嗎

136