11

Sample Question Paper 12

(Detailed Solutions)

Mathematics
Class 10th
1. Let the two numbers be x and y, such x > y. [Q angles opposite to equal sides are equal](1/2)
A
∴ x + y = 33 …(i)
and x − y = 17 …(ii) (1/2) P 50° O
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
2 x = 50 ⇒ x = 25 B
On putting x = 25 in Eq. (i), we get
Also, ∠OAB + ∠OBA + ∠AOB = 180 °
25 + y = 33 ⇒ y = 33 − 25 ⇒ y = 8
[Q sum of all angles of a triangle is 180°]
Hence, the two numbers are 25 and 8. (1/2)
⇒ ∠OAB + ∠OAB + 130 ° = 180 °
2. Let three numbers in AP be a − d , a, a + d . [from Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
According to the question,
⇒ 2 ∠ OAB = 180 ° − 130 ° ⇒ 2∠OAB = 50 °
a − d + a + a + d = 27
∴ ∠OAB = 25° (1/2)
⇒ 3a = 27 ⇒ a = 9
Also, (a − d )a(a + d ) = 405 (1/2) 5. Here, joining three cubes, we get cuboid whose
⇒ a(a2 − d 2 ) = 405 length, l = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 cm
⇒ 9(92 − d 2 ) = 405 breadth, b = 5 cm
405 h = 5 cm
⇒ 81 − d 2 = and height, (1/2)
9
∴Required surface area of the resulting solid
⇒ d 2 = 81 − 45
= Surface area of new cuboid
⇒ d 2 = 36 (1/2)
= 2(lb + bh + hl ) = 2 (15 × 5 + 5 × 5 + 5 × 15)
⇒ d = ±6 = 2 (75 + 25 + 75) = 2 (175) = 350 cm 2 (1/2)
3. According to the question, we have 6. The class 35-40 has maximum frequency.
2 2
(2 − x ) + (− 3 − 5) = 10 [by distance formula] So, it is a modal class.
Here, l = 35, h = 5, f1 = 50, f0 = 34, f2 = 42
On squaring both sides, we get
 f −f 
(2 − x )2 + (− 8)2 = 100 (1/2) ∴Mode = l +  1 0  × h
⇒ 2
4 + x − 4x + 64 = 100  2 f1 − f0 − f2 
[Q (a − b)2 = a2 + b2 − 2 ab]  50 − 34 
= 35 +   ×5
⇒ x − 4x − 32 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 8x + 4x − 32 = 0
2
 2 × 50 − 34 − 42 
[by splitting the middle term] 16 10
= 35 + × 5 = 35 + = 35 + 3.33 = 38.33
⇒ x (x − 8) + 4 (x − 8) = 0 ⇒ (x − 8) (x + 4) = 0 24 3
∴ x = 8, − 4 (1/2) Hence, mode = 38.33 (1)
7. Let 5 − 2 3 be a rational number.
4. We know that, ∠APB + ∠AOB = 180 ° p
Then, 5 − 2 3 = ,
[Q sum of opposite angles of quadrilateral is 180°] q
∴∠AOB = 180 ° − ∠APB = 180 ° − 50 ° = 130 ° where p and q are coprime integers and q ≠ 0.
[given ∠APB = 50 °] …(i) p 5 p
∴ 5− =2 3 ⇒ − = 3
Now, in ∆OAB, we have q 2 2q
OA = OB [radii of the same circle] p
Here, is also a rational number.
∴ ∠OAB = ∠OBA …(ii) 2q (1)
12
5 p So, 4x 4 + x 3 − 72 x 2 − 18x = (x 2 − 18)(4x 2 + x ) + 0
∴ − is also a rational number.
2 2q [Q dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]
⇒ 3 is a rational number. = [x − (3 2 )2 ][x (4x + 1)] = (x − 3 2 )(x + 3 2 ) x (4x + 1)
2

But this contradict the fact that 3 is an irrational 1

∴ The other zeroes of the given polynomial are 0 and − .
number. 4
Hence, our assumption that (5 − 2 3 ) is a rational (1)
number, is not correct.
10.
∴(5 − 2 3 ) is an irrational number. Hence proved. (1)
2 3
8. Given equation is A (2, 6) C (k, 4) B (5, 1)
a2 b2 x 2 − (4b4 − 3a4 )x − 12 a2 b2 = 0
Using internal section formula,
On comparing it with Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0, we get
 3 × 2 + 2 × 5 3 × 6 + 2 × 1
A = a2 b2 , B = − (4b4 − 3a4 ) = (3a4 − 4b4 ) (k, 4) =  , 
 2+ 3 2+ 3 
and C = − 12 a2 b2 (1/2)
 6 + 10 18 + 2   16 20   16 
Now, 2
D = (B − 4 AC ) = ,  =  ,  ⇒ (k, 4) =  , 4
 5 5   5 5  5 
= (3a4 − 4b4 )2 − 4a2 b2 (− 12 a2 b2 ) (1)
= 9a8 + 16b8 − 24a4 b4 + 48a4 b4 On comparing x-coordinate from both sides, we get
16
[Q ( A ± B)2 = A2 + B 2 ± 2 AB] k=
5 (1)
= 9a + 16b + 24a4 b4
8 8

= (3a4 )2 + (4b4 )2 + 2 × 3a4 × 4b4 11. Let AB be the tower and C be the point on the ground.
4 4 2
Then, according to the question,
= (3a + 4b ) ≥ 0 (1/2)
AB = 12 m
Its means given equation has real roots, which are and ∠ACB = 30 °
given by D A
− B + D (4b4 − 3a4 ) + (3a4 + 4b4 ) 30°
α= =
2A 2 a2 b2

12 m
[by quadratic formula]
8b4 4b2 30°
= 2 2 = 2 C B (1)
2a b a
In right angled ∆ABC,
− B − D (4b4 − 3a4 ) − (3a4 + 4b4 ) AB  perpendicular 
and β = =
2A 2 a2 b2
sin 30° = Qsinθ = hypotenuse 
AC  
− 6a4 − 3a2 1 12  1
=
2 a2 b2
=
b2
(1/2) ⇒ =
2 AC Qsin 30 ° = 2 

4b2 − 3a2 ∴ AC = 12 × 2 = 24 m
Hence, 2
and are the roots of the given Hence, distance of the point from the top of the tower is
a b2 24 m. (1)
equation. (1/2)
12. Given, radius of the cylinder, R = 12 cm
9. Since, two zeroes of the given polynomial
and height of the cylinder, H = 16 cm
4x 4 + x 3 − 72 x 2 − 18x, are 3 2 and −3 2.
∴Volume of the cylinder = πR 2 H
Therefore, (x − 3 2 )(x + 3 2 ) = x 2 − 18 is a factor of the
22 22
given polynomial. = × (12 )2 × (16) = × 144 × 16 cm 3 …(i)
2 7 7
Now, we divide the given polynomial by x − 18.
12 cm
4x2+x
2
x –18
4x4+x3–72x2–18x
2
4x4 –72 x
– +
16 cm

x3–18x
x3–18x
8 cm

– +
0 (1)
6 cm
 13
Also we have, 14. We have, 2 x + 3 y − 7 = 0
Radius of base of conical cavity, r = 6 cm and (a − b) x + (a + b) y − (3a + b − 2 ) = 0
Height of the conical cavity, h = 8 cm On comparing it with a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and
1
∴ Volume of the conical cavity = πr 2 h a2 x + b2 y + c 2 = 0 respectively, we get
3 a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = − 7
1 22 2 3 22 and a2 = a − b, b2 = a + b, c 2 = − (3 a + b − 2 ) (1)
= × × (6) × 8 cm = × 96 cm 3 …(ii)
3 7 7
For infinite number of solutions,
Now, volume of the remaining solid
2 3 −7  a1 b1 c1 
= Volume of cylinder − Volume of cone = = Q a = b = c 
a − b a + b − (3 a + b − 2 )  2 2 2
22 22
=  × 144 × 16 − × 96 [from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] a − b a + b 3a + b − 2
7 7  ⇒ = =
2 3 7
22
= × 16 (144 − 6) [reciprocal of the above equation]
7
From first and second terms,
22 48576
= × 16 × 138 = = 6939.43 cm 3 a−b a+ b
7 7 (1) =
2 3
Clearly, slant height of conical cavity,
⇒ 3a − 3b = 2a + 2b ⇒ a = 5b …(i) (1)
l = r 2 + h 2 = 62 + 82 = 36 + 64
From second and third terms,
= 100 = 10 cm a + b 3a + b − 2
=
∴ Curved surface area of cone = πrl 3 7
= π × 6 × 10 = 60 π cm 2 ⇒ 7 a + 7 b = 9 a + 3b − 6
Now, area of base of cone = πr 2 = π × (6)2 = 36π cm 2 ⇒ 4b = 2 a − 6 ⇒ 2 b = a − 3 …(ii)
[dividing both sides by 2]
Total surface area of cylinder = 2πR (H + R )
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
= 2 × π × 12 × [16 + 12 ] = 24π × 28 = 672 π cm 2
2 b = 5b − 3 ⇒ b = 1
∴ Total surface area of the solid
On substituting b = 1 in Eq. (i), we get
= Total surface area of cylinder
a= 5×1 ⇒ a= 5 (1)
+Curved surface area of cone
– Area of base of cone 15. Let the points (−1, − 2 ), (1, 0 ), (−1, 2 ), (−3, 0 ) be denoted by
696 × 22
= (672 π + 60 π ) − 36π = 696π = A, B, C and D respectively.
7
15312 AB = (1 + 1)2 + (0 + 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
2
= = 2187 .43 cm (1)
7 [Q Distance = (x 2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2 ]
13. Let g(a) = a4 − 7 a2 b2 + kb4 …(i) BC = (−1 − 1)2 + (2 − 0 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
Since, (a − 3b) is a factor of g (a).
CD = (−3 + 1)2 + (0 − 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2 (1)
∴ g( 3 b) = 0 (1/2)
AD = (−3 + 1)2 + (0 + 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
⇒ (3b)4 − 7 (3b)2 b2 + kb4 = 0
⇒ 81b4 − 63 b4 + kb4 = 0 Here, we see that AB = BC = CD = AD (1)
⇒ 18 b4 + kb4 = 0 ⇒ ABCD is either a square or a rhombus.
⇒ (18 + k ) b4 = 0 Now, diagonal AC = (−1 + 1)2 + (2 + 2 )2 = 0 + 16 = 4
⇒ 18 + k = 0 [Q b ≠ 0 ] (1)
Diagonal BD = (−3 − 1)2 + (0 − 0 )2 = 16 + 0 = 4
∴ k = − 18
On putting k = − 18 in Eq. (i), we get Q Diagonal AC = Diagonal BD
4 2 2
g(a) = a − 7 a b − 18b 4 Hence, ABCD is a square (1)
4 2 2 2 2
= a − 9 a b + 2 a b − 18b 4 Or
[by splitting the middle term] Given, A(2, − 1), B(3, 4), C(−2, 3) and D(−3, − 2 ) be the
vertices of the rhombus ABCD.
= a (a − 9b ) + 2 b2 (a2 − 9b2 )
2 2 2
Length of diagonals,
= (a2 − 9 b2 ) (a2 + 2 b2 )
= (a + 3 b) (a − 3 b) (a2 + 2 b2 ) DB = (x 2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2 [by distance formula]
[Q A2 − B 2 = ( A − B)( A + B)] (1½) = (3 + 3)2 + (4 + 2 )2
14
= 62 + 62 = 6 2 units BC
tan 45°=
AB
and CA = (2 + 2 )2 + (− 1 − 3)2 x
⇒ 1= [Q tan 45°= 1]
= 42 + 42 = 4 2 units y
(1)
⇒ y=x ... (i) (1)
D (–3, –2)
In right angled ∆ABD, we have
BD
tan 60°=
AB
(2, –1) A C (–2, 3)
x+5
⇒ 3= [Q tan 60 = 3 ]
y
⇒ 3y = x + 5
B (3, 4) ⇒ 3x = x + 5 [From (i)]
+-

Now, area of rhombus ⇒ 3x − x = 5 (1)

1 ⇒ ( 3 − 1)x = 5
= × Product of lengths of diagonals (1)
2 5
⇒ x=
1 3 −1
∴ Area of rhombus ABCD = × AC × BD
2 5 3+1
1 ⇒ x= ×
= × 4 2 × 6 2 = 24 sq units (1) 3 −1 3+1
2
5( 3 + 1)
16. In quadrilateral PAOB, ∠P = 75° [given] ⇒ x=
3−1
and ∠PAO = ∠PBO = 90 ° [Q radius is 5(1.732 + 1)
⇒ x=
perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact] 2
5(2 .732 )
⇒ ∠AOB = 105° ⇒ x=
2
[by angle sum property of quadrilateral] (1) ⇒ x = 5 × 1. 366 = 6. 83
105 º Hence, the height of the tower is 6.83 m (1)
∴ ∠AQB = = 52.5°
2 Or
[Q angle subtended by the arc at centre = 2 the angle
Let AB and CD be two poles of heights a metres and
subtended by same arc at remaining part of circle] b metres, respectively such that poles are p m apart i.e.
Also, ∠AMB = 180 ° − 52.5° = 127.5° AC = p m. Suppose the lines AD and BC meet at O such
[Q the sum of any pair of opposite angles that OL = h m.
of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°] (2) Let CL = x and LA = y. Then, x + y = p
In ∆ABC and ∆LOC, we have
17. Let BC be the tower and CD be the pole.
D ∠ CAB = ∠ CLO [each 90°]
∠C = ∠C [common]
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆LOC [by AA similarity criterion]
5m
D B

C
45° O
b a

h
xm
C x y A
L
CA AB
60° ⇒ =
45° CL LO
B ym A
[Q all corresponding sides of similar
Given DC = 5 m triangle are in the same ratio]
Let BC = x m and AB = y m. x+ y a p a
⇒ = ⇒ =
In right angled ∆ABC, we have x h x h
 15
ph ⇒ 4sin 2 θ = 1 (1/2)
⇒ x= … (i) (1)
a 1
In ∆ ALO and ∆ ACD, we have ⇒ sin 2 θ =
4
∠ALO = ∠ACD [each 90°] 1
⇒ sinθ =
and ∠A = ∠A [common] 2
∴ ∆ALO ~ ∆ACD [by AA similarity criterion] [taking positive square root as θ is acute angle]
AL OL y h
⇒ = ⇒ =  1 
AC DC p b ⇒ cosecθ = 2 Q sinθ = cosec θ  (1/2)
 
ph
⇒ y= … (ii) (1) 2
b and
 1
cos θ = 1 − sin 2 θ = 1 −   = 1 −
1
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have  2 4 (1/2)
ph ph
x+ y= + =
4−1
=
3
=
3
(1/2)
a b 4 4 2
 1 1
⇒ p = ph  +  [Q x + y = p] 2  1 
 a b ⇒ sec θ = Qsec θ = cos θ 
3  
 a + b ab
⇒ 1 = h  ⇒h = 2
 ab  a+ b ∴ sec θ + cosec θ = +2 Hence proved. (1/2)
3
Hence, the height of the intersection of the lines joining sec 2 (90 ° − θ ) − cot 2 θ
the top of each pole to the foot of the opposite pole is
19. We have
2 (sin 2 25° + sin 2 65° )
ab
m. Hence proved. (1)
a+ b 2 cos 2 60 ° tan 2 28 tan 2 62 ° cot 40 °
+ +
1 3 (sec 2 43° − cot 2 47 ° ) tan 50 °
18. Given secθ = x +
4x cosec 2θ − cot 2 θ
2 =
 1 2 [sin 25° + sin 2 (90 ° − 25° )]
2
Now, tan 2 θ = sec 2 θ − 1 =  x +  − 1
 4x  2
 1
[Q sec 2 θ − tan 2 θ = 1] 2 ×   tan 2 28 tan 2 (90 ° − 28° )
 2 cot 40 °
 1
2
1 1 + +
= x 2 +   + 2x × − 4⋅ x ⋅ 3 [sec 2 43° − cot 2 (90 ° − 43°)] tan (90 ° − 40 ° )
 4x  4x 4x
2 2 Qsec (90 ° − θ ) = cosec θ and cot 60 °= 1 
 1 1  1 
= x 2 +   − 2x × = x −  2 
 4x  4x  4x  (1)
1 (1)
1 2 × tan 2 28° cot 2 28°

tanθ = ±  x −  [taking square root] cosec 2θ − cot 2 θ 4
= +
 4x  2 (sin 2 25° + cos 2 25° ) 3 (sec 2 43° − tan 2 43° )
1
When tan θ = x − , then cot 40 °
4x +
cot 40 °
 1  1
sec θ + tan θ =  x +  +  x −  = 2 x Qsin ( 90 ° − θ) = cos θ, tan ( 90 ° − θ ) = cot θ and 
 4x   4x  cot (90 ° − θ ) = tan θ  (1)
 
 1
when tanθ = −  x −  , then 1
 4x  (1) 1
×1
= +2 +1
 1  1  2 (1) 3 (1)
sec θ + tan θ =  x +  +  − x
 4x   4x 
[Qcosec 2θ − cot 2 θ = 1, sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1,
1 1 1 1
= +
4x 4x 2 x
= sec 2 θ − tan 2 θ = 1 and tan θ × = 1
cot θ 
1 1 1 3 + 1 + 6 10 5
Hence, sec θ + tan θ is either 2x or . (1) = + + 1= = = Hence proved. (1)
2x 2 6 6 6 3
Or
20. Given, radius of base of cylinder = radius of base of cone,
Given, 7 sin 2 θ + 3 cos 2 θ = 4
21
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3sin 2 θ + 3cos 2 θ = 4 (1/2) r= cm
2
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3 (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) = 4
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3 = 4 [Q sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] Height of the cylinder, H = 18 cm
⇒ 4sin 2 θ = 4 − 3 and height of the cone, h = 9 cm (1)
16
Clearly, capacity of the tank (200, 50 ) and join these points by a free hand smooth
= Volume of cylinder + 2 × (Volume of cone) curve.
Y
1  2 
= πr 2 H + 2 × πr 2 h = πr 2  H + h 50 (200, 50)
3  3  (1)

Cumulative frequency
(Number of workers)
22 21 21  2 
= × × × 18 + × 9 40 (180, 40)
7 2 2  3 
(160, 34)
22 21 21 30
= × × × 24 (140, 26)
7 2 2
3 (1) 20
= 8316 cm
(120, 12)
10
21. Clearly, we have to find the mode of data. The given data X′ X′
is an inclusive series. So, we convert it into an exclusive 0 100 200
form, as given below Lower limits of class intervals
(Daily income in `)
Y′
Class interval Frequency (2)
159.5-162.5 15 Or
Table for mid value and their product with corresponding
162.5-165.5 118
frequency is given below
165.5-168.5 142 Mid
Class Frequency
168.5-171.5 127 value fi x i
interval ( fi )
( xi )
171.5-174.5 18 0-10 5 5 25
(1/2) 10-20 18 15 270
Clearly, the class interval (165.5-168.5) has maximum 20-30 15 25 375
frequency, so it is the modal class.
30-40 p 35 35 p
Hence, l = 165.5, f1 = 142, f0 = 118, f2 = 127 (1/2)
40-50 6 45 270
and h=3
 (f1 − f0 ) 
Total Σ f i = 44 + p Σ f i xi
∴ Mode, Mo = l + h ×  = 940 + 35 p
 (2 f1 − f0 − f2 )
(1)
 (142 − 118) 
= 165.5 + 3 ×  Σ fx
 (2 × 142 − 118 − 127 ) (1) ∴ Mean, x = i i
Σfi
 3 × 24   3 × 24 940 + 35 p
= 165.5 +   = 165.5 +   ⇒ 25 = [Q mean = 25]
 284 − 245  39  44 + p (1)
24
= 165.5 + = 165.5 + 1.85
13 ⇒ 25 (44 + p) = 940 + 35 p
= 167.35 ⇒ 35 p − 25 p = 1100 − 940 ⇒ 10 p = 160
Hence, the average height of maximum number of ∴ p = 16 (1)
students is 167.35 cm. (1) 23. Suppose, we consider the contrary, that there is a
3
22. Table for less than type frequency distribution p  p
rational number such that   = 6, where p and q are
q q
Daily income (in `) Cumulative frequency
integers having no common factor other than 1 and
Less than 120 12
q ≠ 0. (1)
Less than 140 12 + 14 = 26 p
Since 13 = 1, and 2 3 = 8, it follows that 1 < < 2
Less than 160 8 + 26 = 34 q
Less than 180 6 + 34 = 40 p
Then q > 1, for if q = 1, will be an integer and there is no
Less than 200 10 + 40 = 50 q
integer between 1 and 2. (1)
(1)
p3
Firstly, we draw the coordinate axes with lower limits of Now, 6=
the daily income (in `) along the horizontal axis and the q3
cumulative frequency along the vertical axis. Then we p3
plot the points (120, 12 ), (140, 26), (160, 34), (180, 40 ), On multiplying both sides by q 2 , we get 6q 2 =
q
 17
Since q is an integer, so 6q 2 is also an integer and also 25. The given sequence 1, 6, 11, 16, … x, is in AP with first
q > 1 and q does not have a common factor with p and term, a = 1 and common difference,
consequently with p3 . (1) d = 6 − 1 = 11 − 6 = 16 − 11 = 5.
p3 Let n be the number of terms in the given sequence.
∴ is a factor, which is different from an integer, while
q Then,
2
6q is an integer. sum of n terms, S n = 148 [given]
p3 n
Thus, 6q 2 ≠ . ⇒ [2 × 1 + (n − 1) × 5] = 148
q 2
Hence, this contradiction proves the result that 3 6 is not Q S = n [2 a + (n − 1) d ] (1/2)
 n 
a rational number. Hence proved. (1) 2

Or ⇒ n [2 + 5n − 5] = 148 × 2
Given, decimal number is 43.123456789, which is ⇒ n [5n − 3] = 296
non-terminating repeating number. ⇒ 5n 2 − 3n − 296 = 0 (1)
Hence, it is a rational number. Using quadratic formula, we have
p
Let = x = 43123456789123456789
. ... ...(i) (1) −(−3) ± (−3)2 − 4 × 5 × −296
q n=
2×5
On multiplying both sides by 1000000000,  − b ± b2 − 4ac 
Q x =  (1/2)
we get 1000000000 x  2a 
= 43123456789123456789123456789
. … ...(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), 3 ± 9 + 5920 3 ± 5929 3 ± 77
= = =
we get 1000000000 x − x 10 10 10
3 + 77 80
= 43123456789123456789123456789
. ... ⇒ n= = =8
− 43123456789123456789
. … 10 10
3 − 77 74
⇒ 999999999x = 43123456746 or n= =− [which is not possible]
10 10
43123456746 4791495194 p
∴ x= = = (say) (1) ∴ n=8 (1)
999999999 111111111 q
where, p = 4791495194 and q = 111111111, which is Now, an = x [given]
not of the form 2 n. 5n i.e. the prime factors of q are not ⇒ a + (n − 1)d = x [s Q an = a + (n − 1) d ]
in the form 2 n ⋅ 5n . (2) ⇒ 1 + (8 − 1) × 5 = x ⇒ x = 1 + 7 × 5
⇒ x = 1 + 35 ⇒ x = 36 (1)
24. (i) Let the number of rides taken by Deepanshi be x
and number of times, she played Hoopla be y. 26. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle with
According to the question, centre O. Let circle touches the sides of a quadrilateral at
1 points E, F, G and H.
y= x ...(i)
2 D
G
and 3x + 4 y = 20 ...(ii) (1) C

On substituting the value of y from Eq. (i) to 7 6

8 O 5
Eq. (ii), we get H 4
F
1
(x ) 2 3
3x + 4 = 20 ⇒ 3x + 2 x = 20 ⇒ 5x = 20
2 B
A E
20
⇒ x= =4 To prove ∠AOB + ∠COD = 180 °
5
and ∠AOD + ∠BOC = 180 °
On putting x = 4 in Eq. (i), we get
Construction Join OE, OF, OG and OH.
1
y = 4× = 2 Proof We know that, two tangents drawn from an
2
external point to a circle subtend equal angles at the
∴ Number of rides = 4 centre.
Number of times, she played Hoopla = 2 (1) ∠1 = ∠2 
(ii) Polynomial (1) ∠ 3 = ∠ 4
and  …(i)
(iii) Deepanshi is enjoying and playing for recreation. ∠ 5 = ∠ 6
(1) ∠7 = ∠ 8 (1)
18
Also, we know that the sum of all angles subtended at To prove ABP is an equilateral triangle, i.e. to prove
a point is 360°. ∠PAB = ∠PBA = ∠APB = 60 ° (1)
∴ ∠1 + ∠2 + ∠ 3 + ∠ 4 + ∠ 5 + ∠ 6 + ∠7 + ∠ 8 = 360 °…(ii)
Proof Clearly, ∠OAP = 90 °
⇒ 2 (∠2 + ∠ 3 + ∠ 6 + ∠7 ) = 360 °
⇒ (∠2 + ∠ 3) + (∠ 6 + ∠7 ) = 180 ° (1) [Q radius is perpendicular to the tangent
⇒ ∠AOB + ∠COD = 180 ° at the point of contact]
Similarly, we have 2 (∠1 + ∠ 8 + ∠ 4 + ∠ 5) = 360 ° In right angled ∆OAP, we have
[from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] (1) OA r 1 Qsin 30 °= 1 
sin (∠OPA) = = = = sin 30 ° 
⇒ (∠1 + ∠ 8) + (∠ 4 + ∠ 5) = 180 ° OP 2 r 2 2 
⇒ ∠AOD + ∠BOC = 180 ° Hence proved. (1) ⇒ ∠OPA = 30 °
27. Let the line BD intersects the bigger circle at E. Similarly, ∠OPB = 30 °
Now, Join AE. ∴ ∠APB = 30 ° + 30 ° = 60 ° …(i) (1)
Let O be the centre of the bigger circle then
Since, PB = PA [Q tangents drawn from an
O is the mid-point of AB external point are equal in length]
[Q AB is a diameter of the bigger circle] ∴ ∠PAB = ∠PBA …(ii) (1)
Now, in ∆APB, we have
A ∠APB + ∠PAB + ∠PBA = 180 °
O
[by angle sum property of a triangle]
B E ⇒ 60 ° + 2 ∠PAB = 180 ° [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
D
(1) ⇒ ∠PAB = 60 ° ⇒ ∠PBA = ∠PAB = 60 °
BD is a tangent to the smaller circle and OD is a radius Thus, all angles are 60°.
through the point of contact D. Then Hence, ∆ABP is an equilateral triangle.
OD ⊥ BD ⇒ OD ⊥ BE Hence proved. (1)
Since OD is ⊥ to a chord BE of a bigger circle.
∴ BD = DE 28. Let F be the foot and S be the summit of the mountain
[Q perpendicular draw from the centre to a chord FOS. Then, ∠OFS = 45°, which implies
bisects the chord] ∠OSF = 45° [Q∠OFS + ∠OSF = 90 °]
⇒ D is the mid-point of BE Consequently, OF = OS = h km [say]
∴ In ∆BAE, O is the mid-point of AB and D is the Let FP = 1000 m = 1 km
mid-point of BE. (1) ∠OFP = 30 °.
1
∴ OD = AE Draw PM ⊥ OS and PL ⊥ OF.
2
Join PS.
[Q Segment joining the mid-points of any two sides of a
triangle is half of the third side] Then, ∠MPS = 60 °. (1)
⇒ AE = 2OD = 2 × 8 cm = 16 cm S
In right angled ∆OBD, use Pythagoras theorem,
OD 2 + BD 2 = OB 2
⇒ BD = OB 2 − OD 2 = (13)2 − 82 = 169 − 64 = 105
h km
∴ DE = BD = 105
P 60°
In right angled ∆AED, use Pythagoras theorem, we have M
0 0m
AD = 2 2 2
AE + DE = (16) + ( 105 ) 2 10
30°
45°
= 256 + 105 = 361 = 19 cm (2) F O
L
Or PL
Now, in ∆FLP, we have sin 30° =
Let r be the radius of the circle. PF
Then, OA = OB = r and OP = Diameter = 2 r 1 1 Qsin 30 °= 1 
⇒ PL = PF sin 30 ° = 1 × = km 
A 2 2 2 
r 1
OM = PL = km
O P 2
r  1
⇒ MS = OS − OM =  h −  km …(i) (1)
B  2
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Again, in ∆FLP,
30. Total number of cards which are kept in a box
FL
cos 30° = ⇒ FL = PF cos 30 ° = 60 − 11 + 1 = 50
PF
(i) A card is drawn at random. Odd numbers from 11
3 3  3 to 60 are
= 1× = km Qcos 30 °= 
2 2  2 
11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37,
Now, as h = OS = OF = OL + LF 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, and 59.
3  3 Let E be an event ‘‘Getting a card of odd number’’
∴ h = OL + ⇒ OL =  h −  km
2  2  ∴ n( E ) = 25 and n(S ) = 50
 3 n( E ) 25 1
or PM =  h −  km [QOL = PM] …(ii) (1) P getting odd number = = = (1)
 2  n(S ) 50 2
SM (ii) Let E be an event ‘‘Getting a perfect square
Now, in ∆SMP, tan 60° =
PM number card’’.
⇒ SM = PM ⋅ 3 [Q tan 60 °= 3 ] Perfect square number are 16, 25, 36, 49,
1  3 i.e. n( E1) = 4 and n(S) = 50
⇒ h − = h −  3 [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
2  2  ∴ P (getting a perfect square number)
1 3 3 1 n( E1) 4 2
⇒ h− =h 3− ⇒ 3h − h = − = = =
2 2 2 2
1 n(S ) 50 25 (1)
⇒ h ( 3 − 1) = 1 ⇒ h =
3 −1 (iii) Numbers which are divisible by 5 are
( 3 + 1) 3 + 1 2.732 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60
∴ h= = = = 1.366 km
( 3 − 1) ( 3 + 1) 2 2 Let E2 be an event ‘‘Getting a card which has a
Hence, the height of the mountain is 1.366 km. (1) number divisible by 5’’.
29. Clearly, required area = Area of ∆ABC – sum of the areas i.e. n( E2 ) = 10
of the three sectors. P (getting a card divisible by 5)
Now, area of the sector with angle A n( E2 ) 10 1
= = = (1)
∠A ∠A ∠A n(S ) 50 5
= × πr 2 = × π × (5)2 = 25 π × cm 2
360 º 360 º 360 º (1)
(iv) Prime numbers from 11 to less than 20 are 11, 13,
Similarly, area of the sector with angle B 17, 19
∠B Let E3 be an event ‘‘Getting a card which has a
= 25 π × cm 2
360 prime number less than 20.’’
∠C i.e. n( E3 ) = 4
and area of the sector with angle C = 25π × cm 2
360º (1)
P (getting a prime number greater than and less
∴ Sum of the areas of three sectors than 20)
 ∠A ∠B ∠C  2 n(E2 ) 4 2
= 25 π × + 25π × + 25 π ×  cm = = =
 360 º 360 º 360 º n(S ) 50 25 (1)
25 π Or
= (∠A + ∠B + ∠C ) cm 2
360 º Here, total number of families = 475 + 814 + 211 = 1500
25 π π (i) P (getting 2 girls)
= × 180 º cm 2 =25 × cm 2
360 º 2 Number of families having 2 girls 475 (1)
[by angle sum property of a triangle] = =
Total number of families 1500
= 25 × 1.57 cm 2 = 39.25 cm 2 [Q π = 314
. ] …(i) (1)
814 (1)
(ii) P (getting 1 girl) =
In ∆ABC AB + BC = (14) + (48) = 2500 = ( AC )2
2 2 2 2
1500
Q AC = 50 °  211
  (iii) P (getting no girl) = (1)
2
Q AC = 2500  1500
Now, P (getting 2 girls) + P (getting 1 girl)
∴ ∠B = 90º [by converse of Pythagoras theorem]
1 1 + P (getting no girl)
∴ ar (∆ABC ) = × BC × AB = × 48 × 14 = 336 cm 2 475 814 211 1500
2 2 = + + = =1
Hence, required area = (336 − 39.25) cm 2 1500 1500 1500 1500
= 296.75 cm 2 (1) Yes, the sum of these probabilities is 1. (1)