Coordinates: 54°20′N 10°8′E

Kiel
Kiel (German: [kiːl] ( listen)) is the capital and most populous city in the northern
German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 249,023 (2016).
Kiel

Kiel lies approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Hamburg. Due to its
geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula
and the southwestern shore of the Baltic Sea, Kiel has become one of the major
maritime centres of Germany. For instance, the city is known for a variety of
international sailing events, including the annual Kiel Week, which is the biggest
sailing event in the world. The Olympic sailing competitions of the 1936 and the
1972 Summer Olympicswere held in Bay of Kiel.[4]

Kiel has also been one of the traditional homes of the German Navy's Baltic fleet,
and continues to be a major high-tech shipbuilding centre. Located in Kiel is the Mid-August 2003 aerial view of the city
GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel at the University of Kiel. centre
Kiel is an important sea transport hub, thanks to its location on the Kiel Fjord
(Kieler Förde) and the busiest artificial waterway in the world, Kiel Canal (Nord-
Ostsee-Kanal). A number of passenger ferries to Sweden, Norway, Lithuania and
other countries operate from here. Moreover, today Kiel Harbour is an important
Flag
port of call for cruise ships touring the Baltic Sea. Coat of arms

Kiel's recorded history began in the 13th century, but the city was originally a Location of Kiel [show]
Danish village, in the 8th century. Until 1864 it was administered by Denmark in
personal union. In 1866 the city was annexed by Prussia and in 1871 it became part
of Germany.

Kiel was one of the founding cities of original European Green Capital Award in
2006.[5] In 2005 Kiel's GDP per capita was €35,618, which is well above Germany's
national average, and 159% of the European Union's average.[6] The city is home to
the University of Kiel (established in 1665).

Contents Kiel
History
Middle Ages
Modern times
Geography
Climate
Districts
Main sights
Culture
Sports
Education and scientific research
Economy and infrastructure
Statistics
Notable companies
Transport
Notable people
Up to 1800
1800 to 1850
1850 to 1900
 1900 to 1910
1910 to 1920
1920 to 1950
since 1950
Sport Kiel

International relations
See also
References
External links

Coordinates: 54°20′N 10°8′E

History Country Germany

State Schleswig-Holstein
District Urban district
Middle Ages Government
Kiel Fjord and Kiel as a village was probably first settled by Vikings who wanted to • Lord Ulf Kämpfer[1]
Mayor
colonise the land which they had raided, and for many years they settled in German
• Governing SPD / Greens / South
villages. This is evidenced by the geography and architecture of the fjord. The city parties Schleswig Voter Federation
of Kiel was founded in 1233 as Holstenstadt tom Kyle by Count Adolf IV of
Area
Holstein, and granted Lübeck city rights in 1242 by Adolf's eldest son, John I of
• City 118.6 km2 (45.8 sq mi)
Schauenburg. Being a part of Holstein, Kiel belonged to the Holy Roman Empire
and was situated only a few kilometres south of theDanish border.[7]
Elevation 5 m (16 ft)
Population (2016-12-31)[3]
Kiel, the capital of the county (later duchy) of Holstein, was a member of the • City 247,441
Hanseatic League from 1284 until it was expelled in 1518 for harbouring pirates. In • Density 2,100/km2 (5,400/sq mi)
1431, the Kieler Umschlag (trade fair) was first held, which became the central • Metro 643,594[2]
market for goods and money in Schleswig-Holstein, until it began to lose
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
significance from 1850 on, being held for the last time in 1900, until recently, when
Postal 24103–24159
it has been restarted.
codes
Dialling 0431
codes
Modern times Vehicle KI
The University of Kiel was founded on 29 September 1665 by Christian Albert, registration
Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. A number of important scholars, including Theodor Website www.kiel.de
Mommsen, Felix Jacoby, Hans
Geiger and Max Planck, studied or taught
there.

From 1773 to 1864, the town belonged to the

king of Denmark. However, because the king
ruled Holstein as a fief of the Holy Roman
Empire only through a personal union, the
town was not incorporated as part of Denmark
Kiel in the 16th century Panoramic view of the city
proper. Thus Kiel belonged to Germany, but it
was ruled by the Danish king. Even though
the empire was abolished in 1806, the Danish king continued to rule Kiel only through his position as Duke of Holstein, which became a
member of the German Confederationin 1815. When Schleswig and Holstein rebelled against Denmark in 1848 (the First Schleswig War), Kiel
became the capital of Schleswig-Holstein until the Danish victory in 1850.

During the Second Schleswig War in 1864, Kiel and the rest of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein were conquered by a German
Confederation alliance of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. After the war, Kiel was briefly administered by both the Austrians
and the Prussians, but the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 led to the formation of the Province of Schleswig-Holstein and the annexation of Kiel
by Prussia in 1867. On 24 March 1865 King William I based Prussia's Baltic Sea fleet in Kiel instead of Danzig (Gdańsk). The Imperial
shipyard Kiel was established in 1867 in the town.
When William I of Prussia became Emperor William I of the German Empire in 1871, he
designated Kiel and Wilhelmshaven as Reichskriegshäfen ("Imperial War Harbours"). The
prestigious Kiel Yacht Club was established in 1887 with Prince Henry of Prussia as its patron.
Emperor Wilhelm II became its commodore in 1891.

Because of its new role as Germany's main naval base, Kiel very quickly increased in size in
the following years, from 18,770 in 1864 to about 200,000 in 1910. Much of the old town
centre and other surroundings were levelled and redeveloped to provide for the growing city.
The Kiel tramway network, opened in 1881, had been enlarged to 10 lines, with a total route
length of 40 km (25 mi), before the end of theFirst World War.

Kiel was the site of the sailors' mutiny which sparked the German Revolution in late 1918. Just
Schleswig-Holstein with Kiel Fjord at
before the end of the First World War, the German fleet stationed at Kiel was ordered to be sent
the Baltic Coast.
out on a last great battle with the Royal Navy. The sailors, who thought of this as a suicide
mission which would have no effect on the outcome of the war, decided they had nothing to
lose and refused to leave the safety of the port. The sailors' actions and the lack of response of
the government to them, fuelled by an increasingly critical view of the Kaiser, sparked a
revolution which caused the abolition of the monarchy and the creation of the Weimar
Republic.

Port and Kiel Fjord.

Kiel Opera House and the tower

(107 m) of Kiel Town Hall.

1902, double-postcard panorama of Kiel from across the Kiel Fiord.

During the Second World War, Kiel remained one of the major naval bases and shipbuilding centres of the German Reich. There was also a
slave labour camp for the local industry.[8] Because of its status as a naval port and as production site for submarines, Kiel was heavily bombed
by the Allies during the Second World War. The bombing destroyed more than 80% of the remaining old town, 72% of the central residential
areas, and 83% of the industrial areas.[9] During the RAF bombing of 23/24 July 1944, Luftwaffe fighters tried to intercept the spoof (i.e.
decoy) force instead of the main force attacking Kiel,[10] and there was no water for three days; trains and buses did not run for eight days and
there was no gas available for cooking for three weeks.[11] There were several bombing raids of the port area during the period 20 February –
20 April 1945 which successfully eliminated many U-Boats, and the few large warships (cruisers Hipper, Scheer, and Köln) still afloat at that
time. Although the town was beyond the stop-line set for the western Allies in the German surrender at Lüneburg Heath, it and its port, its
scientists, and the canal were seized by a British T-Force led by Major Tony Hibbert on 5 May
1945.[12][13] This forestalled capture of the town by the Soviets, whom the Allies expected to
advance from Germany toDenmark in violation of the Yalta agreement.[14]

Just like other heavily bombed German cities, the city was rebuilt after the war. In 1946, Kiel
was named the seat of government for Schleswig-Holstein, and it officially became the state's
capital in 1952.

Today, Kiel is once again an important maritime centre of Germany, with high-tech
The German cruiser Admiral Scheer
shipbuilding, submarine construction and one of the three leading institutions in the field of
capsized in the docks at Kiel after
marine sciences in Europe, the IFM-GEOMAR. Regular ferries to Scandinavia and Lithuania, being hit in a RAF raid on the night of
as well as the largest sailing event in the world called the Kiel Week (Kieler Woche) in German 9/10 April 1945
and The Kiel Regatta in English. The Kieler Umschlag is another festival, which has been
taking place again since 1975. Kiel is also home to a large service sector and a number of
research institutions including theUniversity of Kiel, which is the oldest, largest, and most prestigiousuniversity in the state.

Geography

Climate
Kiel has an oceanic climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).

Climate data for Kiel

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Record
13.4 16.0 21.4 29.3 33.5 34.4 34.2 35.0 30.1 25.2 19.5 14.8 35
high °C
(56.1) (60.8) (70.5) (84.7) (92.3) (93.9) (93.6) (95) (86.2) (77.4) (67.1) (58.6) (95)
(°F)

Average
2 3 6 11 16 20 21 21 18 13 8 4 12
high °C
(36) (37) (43) (52) (61) (68) (70) (70) (64) (55) (46) (39) (53)
(°F)

Daily
0.7 1.0 3.3 6.7 11.5 15.1 16.3 16.3 13.3 9.7 5.3 2.1 8.4
mean °C
(33.3) (33.8) (37.9) (44.1) (52.7) (59.2) (61.3) (61.3) (55.9) (49.5) (41.5) (35.8) (47.2)
(°F)

Average
−2 −2 0 3 7 11 12 12 10 7 3 0 5
low °C
(28) (28) (32) (37) (45) (52) (54) (54) (50) (45) (37) (32) (41)
(°F)

Record
−20.8 −24.8 −14.5 −6.9 −3.0 1.6 4.3 4.7 0.6 −6.2 −12.0 −15.1 −24.8
low °C
(−5.4) (−12.6) (5.9) (19.6) (26.6) (34.9) (39.7) (40.5) (33.1) (20.8) (10.4) (4.8) (−12.6)
(°F)

Average
rainfall 65 40 54 52 57 69 79 69 66 67 86 74 778
mm (2.56) (1.57) (2.13) (2.05) (2.24) (2.72) (3.11) (2.72) (2.6) (2.64) (3.39) (2.91) (30.64)
(inches)

Average
rainy
18 15 13 14 12 14 15 16 15 17 18 18 185
days
(≥ 1.0 mm)

Average
relative
87 84 81 77 74 74 76 78 81 85 86 87 81
humidity
(%)

Mean
monthly
38.5 64.4 106.4 171.1 230.2 237.1 218.7 220.4 150.5 102.3 52.0 34.9 1,626.5
sunshine
hours

Source: DWD; wetterkontor.de; [1]; [2]

Districts
The city districts of Düsternbrook, Schreventeich, Ravensberg and Blücherplatz are popular
places to live with many 19th century buildings, villas and tree-lined streets. The government
offices, ministries and parliament of the state of Schleswig-Holstein are also mainly based in
these neighbourhoods, particularly Düsternbrook. In contrast to the heavy bomb damage
inflicted on the central parts of the city during the Second World War, most of the residential
areas were not severely damaged. Hence, Kiel's more modern-style inner city and Kiel's more
historic/elaborate residential areas stand in architectural contrast to one another
.

There are plans for large-scale improvement and building efforts for the inner city, providing
better pavements, better access to and view of the waterfront, and a generally more attractive
feel to the place. These plans, most notably the "Kleiner Kiel Kanal", a restoration of a historic
canal that was filled in to make place for road infrastructure, are to be implemented in the next Image showing the population
few years.[15] density of Kiel by district. Data from
2010.

Main sights
The oldest building in the city is the 13th century Nikolaikirche (Kiel) (St Nicholas' Church),
which has a sculpture byErnst Barlach in front of it called Geistkämpfer.

Kiel is Schleswig-Holstein's largest city, and therefore Kiel's shopping district is a major
attraction, and will see further improvement and renovation efforts in the upcoming years.
Kiel's Holstenstraße (Holsten Street) is one of the longest shopping streets in Germany. The
Rathaus (town hall), which was built in 1911, has an operating paternoster and the design of its
tower was based on one in Venice. The square in front of it is bordered by a lake and the Opera
House. There are also a number of lakes and parks in the city centre, e.g. Schrevenpark
(Schreven Park). There are two botanical gardens, the Old Botanical Garden and New
Botanical Garden.

As Kiel is situated near the sea, the beaches to the north of Kiel such as Strande, Kiel-
Schilksee, Möltenort and Laboe are also popular places to visit in spring and summer
.

Kiel Week, more properly known in English as Kiel Regatta, is the largest sailing event in the
Geistkämpfer in front of the
world and takes place every year in the last full week in June. Many thousands of boats and
Nikolaikirche, by Ernst Barlach
ships of all kinds and eras take part in the parade. Kiel W
eek is also a festival, Volksfest and fair
as well as a maritime event. There are a number of yachting and sailing clubs in picturesque
settings.

Kiel also features a number of museums, including zoological, geological, historical, fine art,
industrial and military museums. Notable is the Stadt- und Schifffahrtsmuseum Warleberger
Hof (City and Maritime Museum), which belongs to the association museen am meer. In
addition to preserving architecture from the 16th century and historic rooms with painted
stucco ceilings, it displays urban and cultural exhibits of the 19th and 20th centuries.[16]
Kiel Opera House and the Town Hall
Particularly intriguing is the history of the carnival in Kiel.[16] Laboe is home to the Laboe
(Kieler Rathaus)
Naval Memorial, as well as the Second World War submarine U-995, which are popular tourist
sites.
 Holstenstraße Kiel 1917 Special issue stamp Kiel Historic ships at Kiel Old Botanical Garden,
(Willy Lucas) Week 1982 Week Kiel

U995 Laboe Warleberger Hof

Culture

Sports
There are a number of sports venues in Kiel, most notably the Sparkassen-Arena (formerly known as Baltic Sea Hall or Ostseehalle), which is
the home ground of one of the most successful team handball clubs in the world and multiple German champion, THW Kiel. There is currently
no Bundesliga football club in Kiel, but 2. Bundesliga side Holstein Kiel plays at Holstein-Stadion.

Education and scientific research

The University of Kiel (German: Christian-Albrechts-Universität),which was founded by Duke Christian Albrecht in 1665, is with round about
25.000 students the only full university of Schleswig-Holstein. Independent, but partly linked to the University Kiel are other research facilities
such as the German National Library of Economics – Leibniz Informationcenter for Economy, the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, the
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and the research institute of the Bundeswehr for water sound and geophysics. Besides
these there are other educational institutions such as the Fachhochschule Kiel (founded in 1969) and the Muthesius School of Arts (founded in
1907). The projects Murmann School of Global Management and Economics and Multimedia Campus Kiel weren’t successful at last. The
Wirtschaftsakademie Schleswig-Holstein offers besides advanced training at the Berfusakademie dual study courses for economists, business
information specialists and industrial engineers.

Noteworthy as departmental research institute is the federal institute for dairy research which was merged into the Max-Rubner-Institut together
Max Planck Society.[17]
with other institutions in 2004. The state capital Kiel is a corporative sponsoring member of the

The ARGE-SH as eldest building research institution of the republic of Germany has its headquarters in Kiel.

There are twelve Gymnasiums in Kiel, of which the Kieler Gelehrtenschule, founded in 1320 as a humanistic gymnasium, is the oldest. Other
secondary schools are amongst others the Gymnasium Elmschenhagen and the Max-Planck-Schule with a focus on natural sciences and the
Ricarda-Huch-Schule with a focus on languages. Furthermore, there are many comprehensive schools – partially with secondary schools – all
over the city area and private schools, too.

Economy and infrastructure

Kiel's economy is dominated by the service sector, transport and maritime industries. Kiel is
also one of the major ports of the German Navy, and a leading centre of German high-tech
military and civil shipbuilding. Kiel is the home of Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft, a shipyard
founded in 1838 famed for its construction of submarines. HDW built the first German
submarine Brandtaucher in 1850, and is today a subsidiary of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems,
the leading German group of shipyards.

Statistics
In 2005, the GDP per person was €35,618, which is well above the national average of
The Holstenstraße is one of the
Germany and 159% of the European Union average.[6]
longest shopping streets in Germany
— Kiel is the largest city in the state
2005 EUROSTAT[18] Nominal GDP per capita of Schleswig-Holstein.
Kiel €35,618

Schleswig-Holstein €24,250

Germany €27,219

EU28 €22,400

Notable companies
Some of the most notable companies having branches or their headquarters in Kiel are:

Ferry operators

DFDS Seaways
Stena Line
Color Line
Military contractors

Raytheon
Rheinmetall
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems(through their subsidiaryHowaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft)
Engineering and industrial machinery

Heidelberger Druckmaschinen
Voith
Vossloh
Caterpillar Inc. (through their subsidiaryMaK)
Others

LaserSoft Imaging
Schenker AG
HSH Nordbank
Kiel is also home to several insurances and banks, most notably the HSH Nordbank, Provinzial NordWest, Förde Sparkasse, Kieler Volksbank
eG and Evangelischen Bank eG.

There is also an active startup scene in Kiel with startup accelerator StarterKitchen and startups like SciEngines GmbH, Real-Eyes, myBoo,
SealMedia, Cliplister, Druckpreis.DE, promotionbasis.de, Yoosello, GetAnEdge, Flowy Apps, fraguru, lokalportal, PianoMotion and ubique
art.[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]

Kiel is home to several media companies, including a branch of the Norddeutscher Rundfunk producing one radio channel and several local
programmes in Kiel, a station of the British Forces Broadcasting Service, the daily newspaper Kieler Nachrichten and several smaller local
radio channels and magazines.
Transport
Kiel is situated near an important pan-European motorway, the A7, which connects northern
Europe with central and southern Europe.

Kiel has a central railway station with hourly trains to Hamburg, Lübeck, Flensburg, and to
Husum. Moreover, the Intercity Express (ICE) connects Kiel with Berlin, Frankfurt, Cologne
and Munich.

Kiel has public transport through the local company KVG, providing bus service within the
city, Autokraft and Verkehrsbetriebe Kreis Plön providing regional bus service, and the
Schlepp- und Fährgesellschaft Kiel, providing public transport on the fjord with ferries. traffic map

Kiel also has 8 regional railway stations within the city proper,[28][29] which are connected
with each other, the main railway station Kiel Hbf and other stations by regional trains, which can be used within the boundaries of the city with
a normal bus ticket.[30]

Kiel is a significant port for passenger and cargo shipping from Germany to Scandinavia, the Baltic States and Russia. Passenger ferries operate
to and from Gothenburg in Sweden (Stena Line, 131⁄2 hours, daily), Oslo in Norway (Color Line, 191⁄2 hours, daily), and Klaipėda in Lithuania
(DFDS Lisco, 21 hours, 6 times per week). Cargo ferries operate from and to Saint Petersburg in Russia (DFDS Lisco, twice a week), and
Kaliningrad in Russia (NSA, once a week).

The nearest international airport is Hamburg Airport, which is situated approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) to the south of Kiel. There is a
shuttle bus service (KIELIUS) operating between Hamburg Airport and Kiel central railway station. There is also an airport at Lübeck.

Notable people

Up to 1800
Peter III of Russia (1728–1762) emperor of Russia[31] for six months in 1762
Johannes Nikolaus Tetens (1736–1807), German-Danish philosopher and statistician
Karl Leonhard Reinhold(1757–1823), an Austrian philosopher[32]
Johan Ludwig Gebhard Lund(1777–1867), Danish painter, adherent of romanticism,
known for his history paintings
Carl Loewe (1796–1869), German composer,[33] tenor singer and conductor
Gustav Adolf Michaelis(1798–1848), obstetrician and physician

1800 to 1850
Peter III of Russia (1728–
August Howaldt (1809–1889), founder of Howaldtswerke 1762)
Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Delffs (1812–1894), chemist
Henri Lehmann (1814–1882), German-born French historical painter and portraitist
Adolf Michaelis (1835–1910) German classical scholar, a professor of art history
Robert Michaelis von Olshausen(1835–1915) Germanobstetrician [34] and gynecologist
August Mau (1840–1909) Germanart historian and archaeologist
August Leskien (1840–1916), German linguist,[35] active in comparative linguistics
Detlev von Liliencron (1844–1909), Germanlyric poet [36] and novelist
Hermann Graedener (1844–1929) German composer, conductor and teacher

1850 to 1900
Ferdinand Tönnies (1855–1936), sociologist, philosopher
Kuno Francke (1855–1930), was a US educator and historian atHarvard University
Friedrich Ferdinand of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg(1855–1934) was the Henri Lehmann
fourth Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburgand became Duke of
Schleswig-Holstein in 1931
Eduard Schwartz (1858–1940) German classicalphilologist, wrote about the second Catilinarian conspiracy
 Max Planck (1858–1947), German theoretical physicist whose work onquantum
mechanics won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918
Johannes Weiss (1863–1914) German Protestanttheologian and Biblical exegete
Ernst Steinitz (1871–1928), mathematician, wrote onprojective configuration
Hans Geiger (1882–1945), physicist, co-invented theGeiger–Müller Counterin 1928
Hans Anton Aschenborn(1888–1931) animal painter of African wildlife
Paul Werner Wenneker (1890–1979) Germanadmiral and diplomat
Carl Zuckmayer (1896–1977), writer and playwright
Bruno Diekmann (1897–1982), German politician (SPD),Minister-President of Schleswig-
Holstein 1949–1950
Karl Ristenpart (1900–1967) Germanconductor
Ernst Busch (1900–1980), actor, writer & collector of songs

1900 to 1910
Max Planck (1858–1947),
Rudolf Hell (1901–2002), inventor, invented the Hellschreiber
physicist
Kurt Otto Friedrichs (1901–1982) German Americanmathematician, worked on partial
differential equations
Ernst von Salomon (1902–1972), national-revolutionary German writer and right-wing
Freikorps member
Eduard Wald (1905–1978) a Communist politician, trade unionist and member of the
German Resistance against Nazism
Walther Müller (1905–1979), physicist, co-invented theGeiger–Müller Counter1928
Heinrich Heesch (1906–1995), mathematician, worked onGroup theory
Helmut Lemke (1907–1990), Minister-President of Schleswig-Holstein 1963-1971
Harro Schulze-Boysen(1909–1942), Resistance fighter
Herbert Schultze (1909–1987), German U-boat (submarine) commander
Klaus Wittkugel (1910–1985) commercial and poster artist in theGDR
Lauritz Lauritzen (1910–1980) GermanSPD politician

1910 to 1920 Ernst Busch

Erna Flegel (1911–2006), nurse in the Führerbunker

Elisabeth von Janota-Bzowski(1912–2012) Germangraphic artist known for her postage
stamps designs
Karl Hass (1912–2004) German Lieutenant-Colonel in the SS
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker (1912–2007), physicist, philosopher
Hermann Michel (1912–1984?), SS officer
Otto Kretschmer (1912–1998), U-boat commander
Joachim Hamann (1913–1945), Baltic-German Nazi SS officer
Heinrich Wöhlk (1913–1991), German optometrist, invented the plasticcontact lens
Sigrid Hunke (1913–1999), author, made claims of Musliminfluence over Western values
Heinrich Springer (1914–2007), Waffen-SS knights cross winner
Eberhard Blum (1919–2003), fourth head of theGerman Federal Intelligence Bureau

Helmut Lemke
1920 to 1950
Shimon Wincelberg (1924–2004) American television writer and Broadwayplaywright
Judith Malina (1926–2015), German-born American actress
Elyakim Haetzni (born 1926), Israeli lawyer and former member of theKnesset
Ulric Gustav Neisser (1928–2012) German-born American psychologist and member of the US National Academy of Sciences
Oswalt Kolle (1928–2010), German sex educator
Gerhard Stoltenberg (1928–2001), politician (CDU), minister and minister-president
Heiner Zieschang (1936–2004), mathematician, was atopologist
Heiko Braak (born 1937) German anatomist, contributed to theneuropathology of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's
disease
Ilse Gramatzki (born 1939) German operatic mezzo-soprano and contralto
Eric Braeden (born 1941), German-American film and television actor
Dieter Laser (born 1942), actor
 Marina Lewycka (born 1946), British novelist of Ukrainian origin

since 1950
Manfred Stahnke (born 1951), German composer, writes chamber music, orchestral and
stage music, uses microtonality
Duchess Donata of Mecklenburg(born 1956) is the senior remaining member of the
House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Anke Ehlers (born 1957) German psychologist, expert inpost traumatic stress disorder
Andreas Brandstätter (1959–2006) German diplomat Carl Friedrich von
Ilme Schlichting (born 1960) biophysicist studied biomolecules using protein Weizsäcker (1912–2007)
crystallography
Thilo Martinho (Thilo Herrmann) (born 1960), German musician, singer , guitarist and
songwriter
Michael F. Feldkamp (born 1962), German historian and journalist
Feridun Zaimoglu (born 1964), author and playwright
Detlev Bork (born 1967), classical and flamenco guitarist
Tomma Abts (born 1967), painter andTurner Prize winner
Cora E. (Sylvia Macco) (born 1968), a former nurse turned hip-hop artist
Daniel Günther (born 1973), German politician (CDU)
Gesche Joost (born 1974) German design researcher, e.g. on human-computer
interaction
Kim Dotcom (born 1974), German-Finnish Internet entrepreneur , businessman, musician
in Auckland, New Zealand
Ulrich Schnauss (born 1977), German electronic musician and producer
Lasse Rempe-Gillen (born 1978) German mathematician, interests includefunction Judith Malina
theory, continuum theory and computational complexity theory

Sport
George Eyser (1870–1919) German-American gymnast who competed in the1904
Summer Olympics
Alfred Brinckmann (1891–1967), chess International Master and author
Heinrich Dahlinger (1922–2008), field handball player
Manfred Rulffs (1935–2007) German rower who competed in the1960 Summer Olympics
Eckart Johannes Wagner (1938–2002) German sailor, competed in the 1960, 1964, and
the 1968 Summer Olympics
Egon Müller (born 1948), motorcycle speedway rider
Andreas Köpke (born 1962), footballer, mainly for 1. FC Nurnberg
Heike Henkel (born 1964), won the high jump gold medal at the1992 Summer Olympics
Francisco Copado (born 1974), footballer, mainly for SpVgg Unterhaching
Britta Carlson (born 1978), footballer, capped 31 times for the Germany women's national
football team
Sidney Sam (born 1988), footballer, mainly for Bayer 04 Leverkusen
Angelique Kerber (born 1988), former world No. 1 in women's singles tennis by the Eric Braeden
Women's Tennis Association (WTA)
Keith R. Kernspecht (born 1945) - notable martial arts teacher and author. Founded the
EWTO (European Wing Tsun Organization), one of the largest martial arts organizations
in the world.

International relations
Kiel is twinned with:[37]

Cora E
 Antakya, Turkey (2012) Kaliningrad, Sovetsk, Russia
Brest, France (1964) Russia (1992) (1992)
Moshi Rural, Stralsund,
Coventry, United
Tanzania (2009) Germany (1987)
Kingdom (1947)[38][39]
Samsun, Turkey Tallinn, Estonia
Gdynia, Poland
(2010) (1986)
(1985)[40]
San Francisco, Vaasa, Finland
USA (2017) (1967)

See also
Kiel, Wisconsin
Steenbek-Projensdorf Heike Henkel, high jumper

References
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External links
Official website (in German)
Official tourism site

Official website of the association museen ammeer

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kiel&oldid=871414573

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