Telegraph and telephone

The telegraph is an instrument that transmits the writings to a distant place. In 1832, when Samuel
F.B. Morse was in a ship returning from Europe, he accidentally had an idea of using electricity to
communicate over distance. After Morse entirely understood how the electromagnet worked, he
realized that sending a code-message via a wire might be possible. With the invention of telegraph,
the world suddenly became much smaller. With the invention of telegraph, the world became more
connected.

The telegraph and telephone are both wire-based electrical systems, and Alexander Graham Bell's
success with the telephone came as a direct result of his attempts to improve the telegraph. In the
early 1870s, while Bell was experimenting with telegraph, he realized that transmission the human
voice over a wire by using electricity might be possible. Bell's great success, achieved on March 10,
1876, marked not only the birth of the telephone but the death of the multiple telegraph as well.

Radio

Radio frequency is a form of electromagnetic transmission used in wireless communication. RF signals

are easily generated, ranging 3kHz to 300GHz. These are used in wireless communication because of
their property to penetrate through objects and travel long distances. Radio communication was one
of the first wireless technology developed and it is still in use. The portable multi-channel radios allow
the user to communicate over short distances whereas citizen band and maritime radios provide
communication services over long distances for truckers and sailors. Radio communication depends
on the wavelength, transmitter power, receiver quality, type, size and height of the antenna.

Internet

The Internet is the worldwide collection of networks that links million of business, government
agencies, educational institution and individuals.

The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the federal government of the
United States in the 1960s to build robust, fault-tolerant communication with computer
networks. The primary precursor network, the ARPANET, initially served as a backbone for
interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s.
Satellite Technology

A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunications
signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and
a receiver at different locations on Earth. Communications satellites are used
for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military applications.

The first and historically most important application for communication satellites was in
intercontinental long distance telephony. The fixed Public Switched Telephone
Network relays telephone calls from land line telephones to an earth station, where they are then
transmitted a receiving satellite dish via a geostationary satellite in Earth orbit.

The devices using satellite technology to communicate directly with the orbiting satellite through
radio signals.

This allows users to stay connected virtually from anywhere on the earth. Portable satellite phones
and modems have powerful broadcast feature and reception hardware than the cellular devices due
to the increased range.

Optic Fibers

Optical fiber can be used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking because it is
flexible and can be bundled into cables. It is especially advantageous for long-distance
communications, because light propagates through the fiber with little attenuation compared to
electrical cables. This allows long distances to be spanned with few repeaters.

In 1966 Charles K. Kao and George Hockham proposed optical fibers at STC Laboratories (STL)
at Harlow, England, when they showed that the losses of 1000 dB/km in existing glass (compared to
5-10 dB/km in coaxial cable) was due to contaminants, which could potentially be removed.

Optical fiber was successfully developed in 1970 by Corning Glass Works, with attenuation low
enough for communication purposes (about 20dB/km), and at the same time GaAs (Gallium
arsenide) semiconductor lasers were developed that were compact and therefore suitable for
transmitting light through fiber optic cables for long distances.

The first wide area network fibre optic cable system in the world seems to have been installed by
Rediffusion in Hastings, East Sussex, UK in 1978. The cables were placed in ducting throughout the
town, and had over 1000 subscribers. They were used at that time for the transmission of television
channels,not available because of local reception problems.
The digital gaming industry is booming with a growing appetite for online gaming in India. It is
growing leaps and bounds as compared to the other industries. Not only are the global giants taking
advantage of the plethora of innovative opportunities that this industry is bringing about, but the
startup gaming developers are also benefited.

In the past decade, the world of online gaming has expanded massively. The industry was worth
$41.78bn by the end of 2016 and that’s set to hit the $80bn mark by the end of 2020. Just to put it in
perspective, 11% of total internet traffic now comes from online casino players. The UK’s remote
gambling sector has seen a 300% increase since 2014’s new legislation, reaching nearly $6.7bn by the
end of last year.

But it’s not just the remote-betting industry that has seen an increase, non-remote betting, which
includes bookies and casinos, has also seen a strong improvement in recent years. Bingo halls being
the only non-remote gambling sector to not see some form of increase.

You would assume that the huge increase in remote gambling is due to more and more punters
favoring the online methods of gambling and making the shift away from traditional methods. But this
isn’t the case; we can see that both industries have seen a strong increase in numbers, showing that
online gambling appeals to more than just those who have never gambled as a new, convenient and
engaging way to place wagers. Existing non-remote gamblers are also embracing the digital age,
whilst still enjoying the experience of visiting non-remote betting outlets.

The main reason for gaming’s huge increase in popularity is down to huge technology advancements
in the last decade. It seems pretty straightforward, but the better the technology gets, the better the
gaming experience gets. One huge factor to online gaming’s increase in popularity is the monumental
advancements in mobile technology. As the technology improves, connectivity and accessibility also
improve. This allows more players to take part in remote gambling from anywhere in the world,
providing they have signal.

Gaming has very successfully made the migration from console to mobile in recent years, with mobile
gaming becoming the fastest growing platform in the industry, making up nearly 45% of the global
gaming market, which sat at a cool $47.5bn by the end of 2017. This is a huge increase of 20% in the
previous year. If you think that the average person spends up to 40 hours a week on their mobile
device, it is much easier for developers and remote gambling brands to market and attract attention
from new players through a mobile device. Online gambling used to be perceived as a desktop-only
way of gambling. However, developers are now creating mobile-only applications as we switch to a
more mobile-focused world of online gaming. Players being able to place wagers whenever and
wherever has played a huge part in the popularity; pundits can put a last-minute wager on their
favourite team or even get given new odds and bets halfway through a game.

Social Media

The many forms of social media include any means of communication and interaction that involve a
social element, including email, social networking, instant messaging and chat, telecommunications,
videoconferencing, forums, blogs and even normal human communication such as face-to-face
conversations, business meetings, presentations and body language. Social media is an integral
element of any business as humans must communicate to get work done. Social media interactions
are becoming increasingly important as technology is adapting to include a more human-friendly
element, including social-based operating systems and communication-oriented software
applications.

Globally, time spent on social networking sites surpassed time spent on e-mail in November 2007,
and the number of social networking users surpassed the number of e-mail users in July 2009. Today,
social networking sites are the preferred platforms for all kinds of activities, both business and
personal, and sociability has dramatically increased — but it is a different kind of sociability. Most
Facebook users visit the site daily, and they connect on multiple dimensions, but only on the
dimensions they choose. The virtual life is becoming more social than the physical life, but it is less a
virtual reality than a real virtuality, facilitating real-life work and urban living.

Storage

As we enter a new decade, one thing is certain: cloud adoption will continue to rise as companies
embrace flexible consumption through both hybrid and multicloud environments.

For many companies, the hybrid-cloud approach serves as an interim step in the long process of
digital transformation. Due to several factors, including a reliance on legacy systems and the need to
comply with corporate regulations, many organizations have opted to place their workloads on both
private and public clouds.1 In fact, Gartner predicts that by 2020, 90 percent of organizations will
adopt hybrid infrastructure management.2

I bet you've heard of the Cloud! There won't be the need for you to carry along your own personal
hard drive as nothing will be personal any more. All your activities will be stored on to the cloud for
future reference. You can access all the information you want without having to sift through all your
stored data on the hard drive. The flip side - you won't be able to forget, delete or misplace data ever
again.
When it comes to storage technology and the data it houses—it is the critical foundation of all
businesses and impacts business units across the board. Your data needs to be available, accurate,
reusable, protected and performant in today’s data-driven enterprise. If it isn’t, you risk not being
able maximize use of data–your most valuable corporate asset.

The future is bright for the storage industry. The power of your storage drives the success of your
business.

Historically, computer storage hasn’t always been top-of-mind in the world of IT. But the success of
your business, whether a company of five or the Global Fortune 500, lies within your storage strategy.
Really. Think of it this way: you wouldn’t want to build your new office or factory on a weak
foundation, would you? The foundation must be secure, rock solid, and consist of the most reliable
components. The same goes for your storage.

Storage is the critical foundation for your cloud and data center environments. In
short, the foundation of your business.

Businesses across the globe continue to see an exponential increase in the vast amounts of data they
produce[1]. That trend is only going up.

In 2019, how you use, maximize, and optimize your oceans of data will continue to play a pivotal role
in your business. With that in mind, let’s dive into a few storage technology trends that can drive the
value of your data in 2019.