INDEX

S.No. TOPICS PAGE

NO.
1 Certificate 2
2 Acknowledgement 3
3 Declaration 4
4 Abstract 5
5 Introduction 6
6 Precautions 10
7 Uses 11
8 Bibliography 12

1
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that PARMINDER SINGH , a
student of class XII has successfully
completed the project titled “FULL-WAVE
RECTIFIER” under the guidance of Mr.
ABHISHEK LUTHRA (Subject Teacher). During
the academic year 2019-20 in partial
fulfilment of physics practical examination
conducted by AISSCE, New Delhi.

Signature of external examiner Signature of physics teacher

Signature of principal

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 Acknowledgement

I would like to thanks the Physics Lab

Teacher Mr. Abhishek Luthra for giving
the extraordinary idea about this project
and guiding this project until finish line. I
would also like to thank our Principal Mr.
Deepak Singhal.

My thanks should not stop alone

with teacher. My friends and parents even
played a big part in it. I see this project as a
result of hardwork from us and innovation
from our teacher. So, I once again thank all of
them who put their hands in it and made it
successful.

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 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled “FULL WAVE
RECTIFIER” submitted to the Mr. Abhishek Luthra is a record
of original work done by me under the guidance of, Physics
Teacher, of Saraswati Public School, Jagadhri and this project
is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for
Physics Practical.

Signature:
Name : Parminder Singh
Roll No.:
Date :

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 ABSTRACT

The Project describes a method of converting AC to DC with

the help full wave rectifier . The project tells about the
characteristics of AC and DC components by continuously
glowing of light in the Full Wave Rectifier Project showing DC
characteristic.

I used all the Hardware components for making the full wave
rectifier project. This project is completed on “CIRCUIT
BOARD” . All the components are sold well on the PCB to have
a great connection in my project. By having a constant
frequency Transformer step down the voltage by principle of
Electromagnetic Induction.

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 INTRODUCTION

1.1 RECTIFIER
A rectifier is an electrical device that (AC), which periodically reverses
direction, to (DC), which flows in only one direction. The process is
known as rectification. Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms,
including

Rectifiers have many uses, but are often found serving as components
of DC and power transmission systems.

It is a combination of Diodes and Resistors either in series or in parallel. It gives

appropriate output to be used in DC combination.

1.2 FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

While this method may be suitable for low power applications it is unsuitable to
applications which need a “steady and smooth” DC supply voltage. One method to
improve on this is to use every half-cycle of the input voltage instead of every
other halfcycle. The circuit which allows us to do this is called a Full Wave
Rectifier.

Like the half wave circuit, a full wave rectifier circuit produces an output voltage
or current which is purely DC or has some specified DC component. Full wave
rectifiers have some fundamental advantages over their half wave rectifier
counterparts. The average (DC) output voltage is higher than for half wave, the
output of the full wave rectifier has much less ripple than that of the half wave
rectifier producing a smoother output waveform.

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 Vs = Vmsinwt i.e sinusoidal input voltage

In a Full Wave Rectifier circuit two diodes are now used, one for each half of the
cycle. A is used whose secondary winding is split equally into two halves with a
common centre tapped connection, (C). This configuration results in each diode
conducting in turn when its anode terminal is positive with respect to the
transformer centre point C producing an output during both half-cycles, twice that
for the half wave rectifier so it is 100% efficient as shown below.
The full wave rectifier circuit consists of two power diodes connected to a
single load resistance (RL) with each diode taking it in turn to supply current to
the load. When point A of the transformer is positive with respect to point C,
diode D1 conducts in the forward direction as indicated by the arrows. When
point B is positive (in the negative half of the cycle) with respect to point C,
diodeD2 conducts in the forward direction and the current flowing through
resistor R is in the same direction for both half-cycles. As the output voltage
across the resistor R is the phasor sum of the two waveforms combined, this
type of full wave rectifier circuit is also known as a “bi-phase” circuit.

1.3 Circuit Of Full Wave Rectifier

Figure 1: Circuit Of Full Wave Rectifier

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1.4 Characteristics of Full Wave Rectifier

Figure 2: Characteristics Of Full Wave Rectifier

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1.5 Applications of Full Wave Rectifier

Mobile and Laptop Chargers

1.6 Advantages of Full Wave Rectifier

• The rectification efficiency of full-wave rectifier is double of that

of a half-wave rectifier.

• The ripple voltage is low and of higher frequency in case of full-

wave rectifier so simple filtering circuit is required.

• Higher output voltage, higher output power and higher

Transformer Utilization Factor (TUF) in case of a full-wave
rectifier.

• In a full-wave rectifier, there is no problem due to dc saturation

of the core because the dc current in the two halves of the two
halves of the transformer secondary flow in opposite directions.

9
 PRECAUTIONS

1. Keep safe yourself from high voltage.

2. Solder the wire safely.
3. While soldering don’t touch the soldering tip.
4. Solder under adult supervision.

10
 USES

Most electronic device cannot withstand very high voltage or

alternating current due to its intense high power. The use of
batteries in all devices is not practical as their replacement and
durability is a huge problem as the devise has to be dismantled
each time for such replacement. So these rectifiers are used in most
of the electronic devices like TV‟s, Radios, Chargers and Lightings
etc. The common uses of rectifiers are to supply polarized voltage
for welding, detection of amplitude modulated radio signals.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. From NCERT BOOK.

2. From Internet.
3. With Teachers.

WEBSITES
www.google.com
www.scribd.com
www.wikipedia.com

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