VERBAL INTERPRETATION SCALE RANGE 5 4.50 - 5.00 Great Extent 4 3.50 - 4.49 Moderate Extent 2 2.50 - 3.49 Lesser Extent 2 1.50 - 2.49 Least Extent 1 1,00 - 1.49 No Extent tations were guided with the package SPSS version 12.Table 1 Extent of Workplace Bullying Behaviour Among Nurses in Terms of Physical Item WM | Interpretation 1. Verbal involving use of words such as gossiping and shouting to damage a Great Extent person’s reputation 4.54 2. Cyber through text | messages sending intimidating messages Moderate which include threats. [4.13 Extent 3. Direct bodily contact with the target such as hitting and slapping. 3.34] Lesser Extent 4. Preventing access to opportunities and sabotaging a colleague by withholding Moderate information 4.26 Extent 5. Fights and offensive messages are posted on Moderate forums. 4.41 Extent 6. Overt behaviour such as Moderate yelling or threatening. | 4.48 Extent 4.19| Moderate Composite Mean Extent‘es Exposure to Bullying reee as Regards to Physical Effects 1.The “nurse fe | Sa els that | She/he has repeatedly been on the receiving| | end of negative actions Great Extent from one or more other| nurses. 4.56 | 2. Disturbances in sccial] relationship inside and | outside the institution | due to feeling of | | extreme fatigue or Moderate | exhaustion. 4.25 Extent 3.Unable to do their work | because of the damage | that has been inflicted. |4.68] Great Extent | 4. Begin to use sick leave to alleviate the Moderate pressure and torture. 3.52 Extent 5, Resign under pressure or willingly to retire | early. 2.47] Least Extent | 6.Nurses who are bullied | manifest physical | illnesses like Moderate | hypertension. 4.17 Extent 3.94| Moderate Composite Mean ExtentBehaviours Among Nurses Table 5 Effects of Nurses Exposure to Bullying 8 Regards to Job Performance Item WM | Interpretation | 1.An excessive stressful work environment causes | pressure exhaustion and Great Extent intimidation. 4.71 2. Experience negative work | behaviours such aS decreased job | performance and Moderate decreased productivity. | 4-32 Extent 3) Possibility of making a| - work-related errors. 4.5 | Great Extent | q. Had a negative effect on | relationships with co- Moderate workers and supervisors. | 3.67 Extent 5. Bullying behaviours hinder not only a positive work environment but also effective patient care. |2.61] Lesser Extent Composite Mean Moderate 4.16 Extent sveral Rango Verbal interpretation, 450-500 Groat Extont 390-449 Moderate Extent 280-349 Lesser Extont 180-249 Least Extent 100-148 No ExtentTable 6 Effects of Nurses Exposure to Bullying Behaviours Among Nurses as Regards to Healthcare Organization Item WM | Interpretation | 1.Nurses feel a lack of support from the management of their Great Extent organizations. 4.67 2. Decrease of work Moderate motivation. 3.26 Extent 3.Hostility significantly decreases morale as well Moderate as job satisfaction. 4.33 Extent 4.Lost productivity and work-related injuries. 4.52] Great Extent 5.Putting the lives of patient at risk due to loss of concentration at work.. |4.51| Great Extent Composite Mean Moderate 4.26 ExtentCovi Table 7 ‘oping Strategies Used by the Nurses Affected by Bullying Item WM | Interpretation 1.Take a great deal of leave each year to at least temporarily escape their experiences of | bullying. 2. Separate from the bully. This is a powerful step to decrease the impact of bullying. 13.36] Lesser Extent | 3, Observed and recognized | the bullying behaviours | and write down how to | Great Extent | | | / | address the behaviours | the next time you fall Moderate | prey to them. 4.29 Extent | 4. Nurses avoid the | devastating emotional and psychological effects of bullying by using cognitive reappraisal to view | their bullying from a different perspective. | 4.51] Great Extent S.Use humor to defuse a pully who may be about to attack. Make a joke. | 4.53 Great Extent Moderate Composite Mean 4.25 Extent | |Table 7 Significant Relationship Between the Extent of Workplace Bullying Behaviour, the Effects of Bullying Exposure, and the Coping Strategies used by the Nur 2 Affected by Bullying Item r- | Correlatio] tau. | tcp. | Decision | value n | Extent of | Workplace | High Bullying | 0.81 Positive 2.001 | 10.5 | Significan Behavior Correlatio 7 2 t vs. n Effects of Bullying | Exposure Extent of Workplace High | Bullying § 0.86 Positive 2.001 | 12.8 | Significan Behavior | Correlatio] 7 3 ut vs. n Coping Strategie s Used Effects High of 0.8 Positive 2.001 | 11.3 | Significan Bullying | 3 Correlatio # 3 ¢ Exposure n ae oeere Coping Strategies Used by Nurses |