EARTH SCIENCE 4 Chemical (common in tropical area)
Weathering
Earth Processes
Exogenic (labas) Processes
Weathering – breakdown of rock
*disintegrate physically
*decompose chemically
 Weathering
 Erosion
 Deposition
 Transportation
Sun – primary source of energy
7 Physical Weathering
1. Block disintegration – heat through
expansion and contraction of rock.
(*but in a more bigger size that is why it
is called block).
2. Exfoliation – yung nasa ibaba yung
naiinitan, then kapag na-exposed mag-
cacrack. (*joint – yung mga crack sa
rocks).
3. Frost wedging – pumapasok yung tubig
sa mga joints, then kapag nag-frozen
nagiging cause ng pag-bi-breakdown
nung mga rocks.
4. Root wedging – roots end up in the
rocks.
5. Salt wedging - process through which a
distinctive saltwater layer creates a
layer of freshwater because of density
variations.
6. Thermal expansion – rock is exposed to
high temperature. Outer layer expand
due to baking.
7. Burrowing – digging of animals.
1. Dissolution – Halite – dissolve rapidly in
pure water. Calcite – dissolve rapidly in
acidic water.
2. Hydrolysis – chemical breakdown of
compound due to water. (ex. Feldspar
in granite turn into clay).
 Amphibole – silicate and
aluminosilicate
 Pyroxene –
 Feldspar –
3. Oxidation – change color due to
oxidation or oxide.
 Biotite
 Pyrite (false gold)
 Iron oxide (hematite)
 Iron hydroxide (geotile)
4. Hydration – pag-absorbed ng water ng
minerals. (ex. Feldspar and Kaolin)
Biological or Organic Weathering (suggested to
be the third type of weathering)
- Secretes organic acids that will dissolve
the rock
- Lichen or leeches – indicator that forest
is good because of minerals is rich.
Importance of Weathering
- Rock formation – because of
weathering it’s one of the process to
formed new rocks
- Topsoil – weathered rocks are the one
that is commonly put in top soil, it has
minerals that are good for plants to
grow.