VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“JNANA SANGAMA” ,BELAGAVI-590018,KARNATAKA,INDIA.

PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON:

“ VEHICLE TO VEHICLE COMMUNICATION USING LI-FI
FOR CRASH AVOIDANCE”

(Submitted in Partial fulfillment of academic requirements for VIII semester)

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:
PRAJWAL B 4GH16EC036
SANTHOSH D T 4GH16EC048
SANJAY H J 4GH16EC046
KARTHIK A R 4GH16EC024

Under The Guidance Of:

Smt. BHAGYALAKSHMI R B.E, M.Tech

Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics &Communications Engineering
Government Engineering College, Hassan
 VEHICLE TO VEHICLE COMMUNICATION USING LI-FI
FOR CRASH AVOIDANCE

AIM:
The aim of this project is to develop a vehicle to vehicle communication using li-fi for crash
avoidance between vehicles on the road.

OBJECTIVES:
 To avoid the road accidents.
 To ensure the safe driving.
 To reduce the death rates due to accident.

ABSTRACT:
Large numbers of road accidents are taking place all over the world due to
the collision between vehicles. More than 1.2 million peoples died in road accidents in 2018,
according to world health organization (WHO). Human safety is very important. The project
idea is proposed to reduce the consequences of accidents in our daily lives and avoid collision
between vehicles. There are various reasons for such adverse condition that results in death or
disabilities. This includes sudden loss of driver’s concentration, brake fails, loss of stability.
These hazardous conditions can be overcome if there is communication protocol used in all
vehicles and depending on their position drivers control the vehicles to avoid accidents. There
are various vehicular communication system prototypes are available i.e., 5.9 GHz Dedicated
Short Range Communication and Vehicular Ad-Hoc network. These radio frequency (RF)
based communication system has some limitations i.e., interference, congested spectrum and
security. These limitations can be overcome by using Visible Light Communication (VLC). It
provides high bandwidth, security, interference immunity, and high data rate. VLC is a data
communication system which uses visible light for high data transmission and reception. This
technology is known as Light Fidelity (LiFi). This paper presents the novel method to avoid
collision between two vehicles i.e. front and rear vehicles. The proposed LiFi based
Vehicular to Vehicular (V2V) communication system is a cost effective solution with high
data rate capabilities.

INTRODUCTION:
Most countries in the world have an alarming record in number of death/disability due to
tremendous number of accidents. Accidents are occurred because of unawareness of the
people.
Researchers found that 57% of accidents were due to solely driver factors, which include his
behavior, decision making ability, reaction speed and alertness. The studies show that the
accidents can be avoided if driver was provided with warning message few seconds before,
so that they can take some alternative route or be cautious to avoid traffic congestion or
accidents.
The Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a recent technology that uses light instead of
radio frequency signals to transmit the data. It is also known as short-range optical wireless
communication. Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) a recent technology in VLC which resolves the issue of
overuse of radio frequency in Wi-Fi. The objective of VLC is to increase data rates in
wireless communication and to have better performance of networks. Li-Fi is a wireless
technology which is based on light. This technology was invented by a German physicist
Hardal haas. Li-Fi is the wireless communication system in which transmission of data is
through illumination. These use LEDs to transmitting data wirelessly. Li-Fi is transceiver
fitted LED lamps that can glow a room as well as transmit and receive information.
Transmission of data is through illumination, i.e. sending data through LED bulb that varies
in intensity faster than human eye can follow. The principle of Li-Fi is, when LED is turned
on it transmits digital signal 1and if LED is off transmitting digital signal 0.
For vehicle safety a new technique called VANET is introduced. VANET Communication is
classified into two different types Vehicle to Vehicle communication (V2V) and Vehicle to
infrastructure (V2I) communication. V2V communication is a communication between two
vehicles.
V2I communication is communication between vehicle and road side infrastructure. The
vehicle to vehicle Communication is a system designed to transfer basic safety related with
vehicles to provide warning to drivers concerning accidents. The communication between the
vehicles takes place by means of LI-FI. The distance between two vehicles is measured using
Ultrasonic sensor. The microcontroller controls the entire circuit and is programmed to notify
the driver with a message when the vehicle comes within the Line of sight.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

DISPLAY

LI‐FI
LI‐FI RECEIVER
TRANSMITTER

MICRO
CONTROLLER
APR(RECORD
POWER SUPPLY
AND PLAYBACK)
 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LI-FI TRANSMITTER:

SWITCHES ARDUINOUNO ENCODER

PRE‐ POWER LED

VOICE LED
AMPLIFIER AMPLIFIER DRIVER

Fig: Block Diagram of the LI-FI Transmitter

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LI-FI RECEIVER:

LOAD

LOAD POWER
PHOTO
AMPLIFIER DECODER
TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER

BUFFER DRIVER
LCD ARDUINO
16*2 UNO

Fig: Block Diagram of the LI-FI Receiver

METHODOLOGY:
 Communication between vehicles and calculation of distance between vehicles is
achieved by using ultrasonic sensor.
 Vehicle1 which is having a ultrasonic sensor gives the information about distance
between target vehicle2.
 We can send the messages to the receiving vehicle one by one through led.
 We also use speaker for voice output and LCD to display message on both transmitter
and receiver side.
 We are also using a ultrasonic sensor to keep safe distance between vehicles to avoid
accidents.
 If the distance between the vehicles is less than that of minimum distance then buzzer
will get turned on.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 ARDUINO UNO
 LCD
 SWITCHES
 UDN 2981A
 NOT GATE 7404
 PHOTO TRANSISTOR
 RELAYS
 SPEAKER
 AUDIO AMPLIFIER
 ULTRA SONIC SENSOR

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 KEIL MICRO VISION
 FLASH MAGIC
 EMBEDDED C

ADVANTAGES:
 Reducing the collision at intersections
 Speed,cost effective
 Hotspot of lightening points
 No electromagnetic interference
 Secure communications
 Substitute for radio base station
 Green information technology
 Bigger spectrum
CONCLUSION:
The paper presented the cost effective method to avoid collision between two
vehicles (i.e. front and rear vehicles) by using LiFi technology. The concept of
emergence of LiFi technology along with the methodology of V2V
communication has been introduced efficiently. The project presents a simple
module of vehicle to vehicle communication through visible light
communication that can be implemented in future vehicles. The idea of using
simple LED lights as transmitter, photo diode as a receiver and simple circuitry
makes it cost effective. At transmitter speed sensor is used to process the
speed and brake status of the vehicles to transmit over rear light/brake light of
the vehicle. At the receiver side photo diode detects this and the buzzer is
alarmed to indicate brake. This module is cost effective. The prototypes of the
real time transmitter and receiver circuits are presented.

REFERENCES:

 Samreen.N. Shaikh, Dr. S.R. Patil, “A Robust Broadcast Scheme

for Vehicle to Vehicle communication”,2016 Conference
on Advances in Signal Processing (CASP).

 AmbujKumarandRajendraPrasadNayak,“AnEfficientGroup-
Based Safety Message Transmission Protocol for VANET”, IEEE
International Conference on communication and signal
processing, April 3-5,2013 India, pp. 1 -4.
 D Mohammed, B D K Dahiya, M Abdelkrim, K Mokhtar,
“Digital Data transmission via visible light communication:
Applications to vehicle to vehicle communication”,4th
international conference, dec-2016.
 THarada,MAndoh,KYasutomi,K Kagawa,SKawahito,
Isamu
Takai,“OpticalVehicle-to-VehicleCommunicationSystem
UsingLEDTransmitterandCameraReceiver”,IEEEPhotonics
Journal, Vol. 6, No. 5, October 2014.