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C Band Ku Band For CATV Headend

Article By : Ujjwal Swami
4-5 minutes

If you are a Headend Engineer or working for cable industry like

Headend INFO then there is basic need for you to understand the
phenomenon behind the C Band Ku Band system. These two things
are most essential part of a headend weather it is Digital Headend or
Analog Headend.

Satellite Communication

There are lot of satellites are available in the orbit which are
responsible for the communication like TV Network , Satellite Phone ,
Military Services , Weather information and GPS (Global Positioning
System).

Transmitter , Antenna , Power Generator and Amplifier are the

equipments which we are using in the satellite communication. The
Orbit is divided into two sections like

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GSO

LEO

GSO

GSO stands for Geo Stationary Orbit. It is 35,786 Km above the earth
equator and its rotation is synchronized with the earth’s equator.
There are lot of satellites placed in the Geo stationary orbit because
these are wider in size and cover lot of space with the high
transmission power.

LEO

LEO stands for Lower Earth Orbit. LEO is 3000 Km above the earth
equator. LEO satellites transmission power is not high as the the
satellites are in the GSO also the satellites are not wider as
compared to GSO.

Classification Of Bands

BANDS RANGE
L-Band 1 – 2 GHz
S-Band 2 – 4 GHz
C-Band 4 – 8 GHz
X-Band 8 – 12 GHz
Ku-Band 12 – 18 GHz
K-Band 18 – 27 GHz

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Ka-Band 27 – 40 GHz
V-Band 40 – 75 GHz
W-Band 75 – 110 GHz
L Band (1-2 Ghz)

L band space is very expensive because there is not much bandwidth

available in the L band. Lower Earth Orbit Satellite uses the L Band.
L Band beam is wider and RF equipment for this is not expensive. L
Band equipments are easy to use because there is not need of
accuracy of beam because of its wider beam.

Applications of L band

Miltary Satellites , GPS (ground positioning system) Satellites ,

Satellite Phones and WorldSpace satellite Radio.

C Band (4-8 GHz)

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C Band satellite transmit approximately 6 Ghz and receive

approximately 4 Ghz. We use large antenna for C band that is around
2.4 to 3.7 meter in size. At some particular location in the world the
requirement of the C Band antenna size is 3 to 3.7 meter for proper
reception of signals. The larger antenna size gives less interference.

Downlink frequency range for C Band is 3.7 to 4.2 Ghz while Uplink
frequency range for C Band is 5.9 to 6.4 Ghz.

Ku Band (12-18 Ghz)

This is called the lower portion of the K Band because this

letter connected “u” with K comes from the German word which
means under.

As we know this is higher frequency range for this we need high

accuracy of beam. Because beam is narrow for the Ku band. We use
the small size dish for the reception of signal as compared to the C
band. The size for the Ku band is around 1 meter of dish.

This is generally using for satellite TV and VSAT. There is one major
problem with Ku Band is that signals are droped in rainy weather. But
this problem can be avoided by using high transmission power which
cost you more. Also this problem can be avoided by using large

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diameter dish.

Ka Band (18-40 GHz)

The letter “a” connected with K comes from German word which
means above. So this is called the above K-band.

This is extremely high frequency band and also it is expected that it

will be using for future also. It is less expensive band. We need high
accuracy for the Ka band due to its narrow beam for which we need
to purchase high quality RF equipments which are expensive.

Ka Band is using for High Definition Satellite TV , Satellite Phone

backhaul and also for Terrestrial VSAT.

This was all about the C Band Ku Band System.

Know More About What Is LNB And LNB Working

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