Licensed Copy: shetfieldun sheifieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:2:24:42 BST 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BRITISH STANDARD BS EN —S a 18211997 Incorporating Corrigendurn No.1 Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds ‘The European Standard EIN 19211996 has the status of Buitish Standard rea asaeo.9 oY Z No COPYING WI MISSION x onLAW © COPVING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COFYRIGHTLAW. Britich StandardsLicensed Copy: sheffieldun shetlieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c] BS! BS EN 1321:1997 ‘This British Standard having ection of the Bagiveeriog Seer Board, was yuehed British standard Committe reference WEE? ISEN 0560270881 Committees responsible for this British Standard ‘The proparation of thie British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/2, upon which the following bodice were represented: “Association of Consulting Scientists British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd Britich Iron and Steel Producers’ Association Eleotricity Association Health and Safety Executive Institution of Seruetural Engineers Libya's Register of Shipping Ministry of Defence Pawar Generation Contractors’ Association -PGCA (BEAMA Led) Welding Institute Welding Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Amendments issued sines publication ‘Amd. Ne. Date |Comments + 14972 125 February 2004 | Correction to headings in Table 1 TLicensed Copy: sheltiekdun shefiieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, {c) BS! BS EN 1921:1997 Contents Page Coramittoce reeponsible Taside front cover National foreword a Foreword 2 ‘Test of EN 1921 3Licensed Copy: sheitieldun sheffiekiun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2008, Uncontrolled Gopy, (c) BS! BS EN 1821:1997 National foreword ‘This British Standard hae been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/2 and is the English language version af EN 1321:1996 Destructive tecte on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) EN 1321:1996 was produced as arocult of international diccuscione in which the United Kingdom took an active part BS EN 1821:1998 supersedes tests detailed in BS 709:1988, BS 4206-1987 and BS 315111973 whieh have beon withdrawn by amendment. Crosereference ‘The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found m the BSI Catalagwe under the section entitled Einternational Standards Correspondence Index", or by using the “Search” facility of the BST Electronic Colalogwe or of British Standards Online, ‘This publication does nat purport to inchide all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations, Summary of pages ‘This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and i, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover. ‘The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the dociiment was last issuedLicensed Copy: shetfeldun shertieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS! EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1321 NORME EUROPEENNE October 1995 EUROPAISCHE NORM 565040 English version Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds Essais desteuctifs des soudures sur matériaux Zerstorende Prifang von Schweifiverbindungen métalliques — Examen macroscopique ot ‘an motallischen Werkstoffea — murerumeupiyue des asewinblayes soudlés Si chrenti te ernrenontStivricion Untersuchungen von Sehweifinahten ‘This European Standard wae approved by CEN on 1986-09.27. CEN members are bound tw comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any altsration. Up-to-date liste and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be cbtained on application to the Central Seeretariat or to any CEN member, ‘This European Standard existe in thres offical versions (English, French, German). A version im say other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the ‘Contral Secretariat hae the same status as the official versions CEN membersare the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Deamark, Finland Franco, Germany, Greoos, Island, Ireland, Italy. Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comicé Européen de Normalization ‘EuropAischos Komitee flr Normung Central Secretaris : rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members ‘Ref No. EN 1921:1998 ELicensed Copy: sheftialdun shetfieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, {¢) BS! EN 1821:1996 Foreword Contents ‘This European Standard has beon prepared by Page Technical Committse CEN/TC 121, Welding, the Foreword a Secretariat of which is held by DS. —- 3 This European Standard shall be given the statusof > Normative references 3 a national standard, cither by publication of an 3 De 3 identical tox or by endorsement, at the latest oy st ‘April 1997, and confliecing national standards tall 4 Principle 3 ipa withdrawn at the latest by April 1997 5 Abbreviations 3 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal & Purpose ofthe test 4 Regulatione, the national standards organizations 7 Removal of test specimens 5 of the blowing enintries are bound to implement 2 this European Standard: Austins, Belgiuan, 8 Test procedure 5 Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 3 ‘Bxeminstion 6 Tecland. Holand, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, 10 Designation 6 Norway, Furl, Spain Sweden, Switawrlandasd 13 Teac part, 7 he Umted Kingdom, Annex A (informative) Test repait 8 Table 1 — Guidelines for aceesement of Features by misroscopic and macroscopic examination ‘Licensed Copy: shettieldun shettieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS! EN 1321:1996 1Seope ‘This European Standard specifies the methods of specimen preparation, test procedures and their main objectives, far the macreseopic and maicroseopic examination of welds. 2 Normative references ‘Thie European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reforonco, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated refereneos, eubsoquent amendmonte to or revisions of anv of those publications apply tothis European Standard only when inocrporated in xt by amendment or revision. For undated refercmece the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 2883, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 3: Welding procedure tests for the are welding of steels EN288-4, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallie materials — Part 4: Welding procedure tests for the are welding of aluminium and ite alloy EN 26520, Classification of imperfections in metallie fusion welds, with explanations. (180 0520-1982) CR 12187, Welding — Guidelines for a grouping exatem of materials for welding purpoces. CR 12361, Destructive test on welds in metallic materials — Etchants for macroscopic and micraseopic examination, 8 Definitions ‘For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. aa macroscopic examination examination of a toet specimen by the naked eye, or under low magnification, with or without etching ag microscopic examination examination by microseops, with a magnification normally within 50 to 500 times, with or without exching aa operator the person whs performs the macroscopic andior microscopic examination 4 Principle ‘Macroceopie and microscopic examination is used to reveal the macrospopic and mleroeeopie features af a ‘welded joint. usually by examination of transverse sections This is done by visual and/or optical examination of the prepared surface before or after etching In the caso of microscopic examination, higher magnifications are required compared with the visual examination, 5 Abbreviations ‘For the purposes of this standard, the fbllowing abbreviations apply: A Macroscopic examination 1 Mirescopic examination: E Etched U Unetched,EN 1321:1996 Abbreviations for parent metals shall be in accordance with the grouping systems in EN 288-3 for steels and EN 288-4 for aluminium and its all Grouping systems for other materials are given in CR 12187, ‘The same grouping systems shall also be used for weld metal ‘The abbreviations for etchants should be taken fom CK 12361 whenever applicable, NOTE Acéade markcan be wad ifCR 12901 is nor apsiceb 6 Purpose of the test ‘The purpace of macroscopic and microscopic examinations shall be to acsose foaruros ac described in Table 1. The features tobe examined shall be given in the applination standard. Table 1 — Guidelines for assessment of features by microscopic and ‘macroseopie examination a a = S 3 S = 8 5 5 Features Dilectia | Macro aera ieee Seco g accordance | examination examination eaamiastion| examination 8 withEN26520| “without | withstehing without” | with etehiog| = Ticking Ticking Q [Titaade 00 x x x x @ [Cadence 00 x = x x [Expr | g forma i [Biamelarteaing [100 x x = ¥ S [eGavities 200 x ¥ eg ae © |Binclusions 301 x x x = 3 fe tack of 00 x x x x S| dietaapenetrsticey B [7Gecmerrical shape | 500 x B |i vieat affected zone rr ¥ © [Runs and layers x © € [10 Grain boundary @ x B |i Grinsmuaure x 2 12 Solidification x x B | strucrure [8 Joint preparation a ¥ = = © [1 Ditection of i Ee B | roliingiextrusion 15 Direction of Sore & structure (grain) 16 Segrezarion 3 x & [17 Precpitation x © Jas Repsirand & x oa ea a 2 x 8 4 ‘©RST26 February 2008Liconsed Copy: shatfioldun shoffioldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c] BS! EN 1321:1996 ‘7 Removal of test specimens Testing usually applies to test specimens oriented perpendicular to the weld axis (transverse section) inchiding the weld Geposit and heat affected zones on both sides of the weld. The test may eleo apply co other orientations. ‘The location, orientation and number of test pisces should be as specified in the relevant standards andlor specifications ox by special agreement. 8 Test procedure 8.1 General ‘The following information chall be given: —parent metals and consumables: — composition of the etchant: — surface finish (see 8.9); — exching methods (s2e 8.4); — etching time; — additional measures (see 8.6) — any additional requirements; — the object of the test. 8.2 Test specimen preparation ‘The test specimen shall be prepared for examination by cutting, mounting, grinding and/or polishing and/or etching ac appropriate (e2e CR 12361). The surface to be examined shall not be adversely influenced hy these processes, 8.8 Surface finish ‘Tho requireraent for curfaee finish depends on aspects auch ac: — the type of examination envisaged (macroscopic or microscopic) — the type of material; — the documentation envisaged (euch as photographs) NOTE Details ofthe grinding and polishing mein and methods oferindiag and pdlishing are riven in CR 12962 84 Etching methods ‘The following methods are commonly used: — etching by immersing the test specimen in the etchant: — etching by ewabbing the curfaco of tho test specimen: — electrolytic etching. Other methods may be used by agreement berween the contracting parties ‘When atching is completed, the test specimen should he washed and dried 8.5 Etchants ‘Typical etchante for various perent metals, weld deposits, purposes and types of examination are given in OR 12361 Depending on the information required, the type and concentration of the etchant as well as the etching temperature and time may be varied according to the material and type of examination. For similar joints different etchants may be used. est Eebesary 2004Licensed Copy: shetiieldun shetfieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS) EN 1321:1996 5.6 Safety measures ‘The following safety measures chall be observed: — wear eve or face protection, as appropriate: — handle etchants with suitable gloves or tongs: — mixtures shall be made in a fume cupboard or under a fume hood; —alwaye pour acid into water and not vive versa; —alwaye pour solute into solvent; ie. the emaller quantity (aolute) into the larger quantity (eolvent). 9 Examination ‘The prepared surface maybe examined before andlor after etching, as appropriate, or according to the relevant standards and/or epacifications 10 Designation ‘The examination shall he designated as fbllows: —referunea to this standard; —the type of examination (macroscopic or microscopic examination) —unetched or etched: — the object of the test (weld metal and/or parent mete): —welded joinrs (parent metal lef, parent metal right and weld metal): —tehant (mumbor of the vable ia CR 22361 ‘The designation may be given im a full or a chortened version: thie ie shown in examples 1 and 2 NOTE The objec: the tnt spol be expressed between yzhen= EXAMPLE 1. Full version ‘A microscopic examination with the éollowing conditions: Etched: Object ofthetest 43: Parent metal: eft: 54 ight: @.2: Consumable 43 Etehant: xy. 54 43 9242 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS! Licensed Copy: shetlieldun shetfieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 0! EN 1321:1996 EXAMPLE 1a, Object of the test: weld met Examination EN 1821 -1-E-43-5.4/9.2/43/xy where EN 1321 = refereneo to this standard; I = microscopic examination: E sched 43 Joject of the test; BA = sted with Cr max. 9 %, Mo max. 1.2% uustenitic stainless steel; ld metal: Ni/Fe/C2/Mb with Ni max, 40%; sohant, NOTE ay aendefor wblenumberia the releanc annex of CR 12381, EXAMPLE 1b, Object of the test: weld metal and parent metal left Examination EN 1921-T-E-43,54-54/9.2/43/xy whore EN 1921 = reference to this standard: 1 = microscopic examination; E etched; 45,54 = cbject ofthe test; Bd stedl with Cr max. 9%, Mo max. 1,2 92 austenitic stainless eteck, 4s = weld metal: NifFe/Cr/Mo with Ni max. 40%; xy etchant, BXAMPLE 1c. Object of the test: weld metal and parent metals left and right Examination EN 1921 -1-B- 48, 5,4,9,2-5,4/9,2 /43/ xy where EN1a2i =seference to thie standard, 1 microceopic examination; E etched: 43,5.4,9.2 = object ofthe test: ms steel with C¥ max. 9%, Mo mes. 1.2 %e: 92 austenitic stainless steel, 48 = weld metal: NiFe/Cr/Mo with Ni max. 40%; xy = etchant.led Copy, (c) BS! Idun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncanir: Licensed Copy: shettiekiun she EN 1321:1996 EXAMPLE 2. Shortened version A macroscopic examination with the following conditions: Etched: Object of the test: Parent metal: Weld metal: Etchant: NOTE Objec: ofthe vest (22.9 means weld and pace tle left ae sigh 222 \222/ 222 Examination BN 1921 -A- B- 22,2. 2 where aitxy EN 1321 = reference to this standard: A = macroscopic examination: E = etched: 22,2 = object of the test: 22,2 = paremt and weld metele: aluminium magnesium alloys with 4 % up to 5.6% Mer xy = etchant. 11 Test report ‘The toot report shall contain the following: a) reference to this standard: +b) designation of the examination; ¢) location and orientation of tho test specimen and the examined eurface: 4) Walding Procedure Approval Recond (WWPAR) or, if this ie not available, thon at least che tvpe of parent ‘metal and consumables and, when used, the post weld heat treatment and/or etching shall be recorded: 9) type of etchant and etching method: 4) if necessary, a description of the examined surface: @) if required, photographs and/or sketches; sizes of magnification, An example of typieal test roport ie given in Annex A 5 BST 26 Febuary 2008na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c] BS! Licensed Copy: sheifieldun shetfield EN 1321:1996 Annex A (informative) Test report ‘Tost report according to EN 1821. LLotrers in brackets refer to Clause 11 of this standard, WPAR: No. 3 Manufacturer: Purpose of examination: ‘Test piece: ‘Test specimen Parent metal: Consumable: Post weld heat treatment and or ageing treatment: Designation by ‘Macro graphic etchant 2 “Micrographie etchant 2 @ands) e) and f) | Figure: Nos | Figure: No Location ) Lecation ° Magnification 2 Magnification » Surface description a Surface deseription 9 ‘Operator [Authorized person/body (ame, date, signature) (Name, date, signature)Licensed Copy: sheffieldun she'tieldun, na, Wed Oct 18 02:24:42 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS! BS EN 1821:1997 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W44AL BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is che independant national body responsible fax preparing British Standards. 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