Date: ESL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Final Examination-Advanced Diploma Stage I! ££3002 Electrical Installation : December 2018 Duration: Three (03) Hours Frot 10 ~ 12:00 noon Read the following instructions before starting to answer the question paper This question paper has five (05) questions. Answer all five (05) questions. Write the relevant numbers of the questions to which you provide answers in the cage on the cover page of the answer book Start answering each question from a fresh page of the answer book and write the relevant question number at the top of the page. Use sketches to explain your answers wherever relevant. Neat and clear handwriting and steps involved in calculations are extremely important. Delete any material, which does not require the attention of the examiner, by drawing a line over such material. Marks will be deducted if the above instructions are not adhered to.Question1. (30 marks) Figure 1 Shows a single line diagram of an electrical installation which is fed from a SOOkVA 11kV/420V Transformer. The mains DB (B) is supplied from the transformer through an Aluminium conductor, 4x600mm? single core armoured cable. Supply system uses TN-C-S configuration for the earthing system, 500 kVA Lakv/420v 4x600mm:? Single core Al armoured cable TCs Length-25m 800A Mcce, 1 i. 300mm? acore Al armoured able, length-100m mes Figure 1 3 Sketch the earthing configurations for TT and TN-C-S Earthing systems. (4 marks) 4. Calculate maximum prospective fault current at bus bars of each switchboard and select the required breaking capacities of the 800A and 300A MCC8s from available ratings of 10kA, 15kA, 20kA and 25KA. Table 1 gives the impedance parameters of cables. (6 marks)tem [__ Amay xin) Transionmer 54 74 — 600mm? single core Al cable | 1.5x10%/m | 50x10%/m 0.040 | 300mm? 4-core Al cable 100x10°/m | 80x10°/m 0.040 ‘Armour impedance 520/m 300/m 0.045 Table 1 © Calculate maximum earth loop impedance at the end of each distribution circuit cable so that disconnections occur in the event of a line to earth fault in the required time. In TN system of earthing, a disconnection time not exceeding 5s is permitted, (6 marks} d. If an earth fault occurs at D, can the 63A MCB satisfy the required disconnection time? Explain (4 marks) €. Prove that the approximate line voltage drop per Ampere per meter in a three phase balance circuit is given by V3[rcos(o)+xsSin(o)] where rand x are the resistance and reactance per meter of the supply line conductor respectively and © is the load power factor angle. Justify the approximation used. (5 marks) f. Calculate the percentage voltage drop at 8 when the transformer is fully loaded at 0.8 power factor lagging. (2 marks) g Magnetic tripping time of the 800A MCCB is 01s. Check whether the cable is protected for a three phase short circuit fault at 8. (3 marks) Question 2 (20 marks) A Cu/PVC/PVC three core cable installed as per reference method E (on a perforated cable tray) is used to provide an electricity supply to 30kW motor through a Star-Delta starter as show in the figure 2.1. Motor takes twice the full load current on starting and its inrush current is 12 times the full load current. a. Explain what is meant by inrush and starting current of a motor. (2 marks) b. Calculate Line current of the motor at full load condition (It). (2 marks)& ‘Select a suitable rating and specify the type of a circuit breaker to BN EN 60898 (In) and calculate a suitable size for the cable feeding the motor by using tables 4b1 and adza, (5 marks) Ref Method & Ambient temp. 35°C Length-30m Start-Delta Starter 30kW Motor, O.8PF Figure 2.1 @. Calculate the percentage voltage drop under starting condition and running condition, (3 marks) @, Under what conditions would the cable be protected by the MCCB selected in partcifa three phase short circuit fault occurs at the motor? Justify your answer through appropriate calculations. (3 marks) Rating factor for ambient air temperature other than 30°C (Table 4b1) Ambient Temp. [ Rating factor for 70° PVC cable 30° 1.00, 37 0.94 ae 0.87 ae a7) Multicore 70°C PVC cable rating (Table 4d2a) Crosssectional ] Reference method E 3 or4 area mm? core cable 6 3A, 10 0A,‘BOA 5 101A 35 126A 50 153A Voltage drop (Table 4d2b) Cross sectional 3 ora cable area mm? my/ajm 10 38 16 24 i « z 25 as 04d 1S 35 a0 0.145 2.10 50 080 0.140 0.81 f. Now the motor is replaced by a 45kW 0.85 PF motor driven through a soft starter with a duty cycle given in figure 2.2. Check whether the same cable and the MCCB can be used to give the supply to new motor. Also calculate the percentage voltage drop at full load condition. Full Load (76a) No Load (30A) Question 3 (15 marks) 4 (5 marks) 5 min 19 min 45 min Figure 2.2 a. 300 mm? 3-core Cu/PVC/PVC cable can supply 339 A under installation method 6 at ambient temperature 30° C. Derive an expression for heating curve of the cable when it is fully loaded from cold condition. For copper conductor following parameters can be used, (8 marks)Density of copper = 8,96x103 kg/m? Resistivity of copper = 1.72x1080m Heat capacity of copper = 385 J/kg/K? b. Calculate the operating time that can be allowed for an aver load of SODA start from the cold condition. (7 marks} Question 4 (20 marks) Figure 4.1 shows the single diagram of a power supply of an electrical installation. TT method is used as the earthing of distribution network. The earth loop impedance of the installation is 10 Ohm and the resistance of earth electrode at the installation is 2.5 Ohm. a, © A‘ 300mm? 4-core Cu/Pvc/pvc 1 Armoured Cable 1 Length-Som 4430/54 CT i Bus Bar ‘Figure 4.1. 2 Determine the required breaking capacity of the breaker in the feeder cable. Impedance parameters of the cable and the transformer are given in the table 4, (3 marks)tem «Ym xm) | Transformer 17 70 300mm? 4-core Cu cable 78x | 75x103/m_| Table 4 b, Sketch the CT connection arrangement to the EFR. (3 marks) ¢. Determine the fault current when a three phase to earth fault occurs at the bus bar. (3 marks) d. Calculate the fault current to EFR. (2 marks) fs 1 k t 8 a oa os 02 Out 0.01 1 Figurea.2 vy Determine the touch potential at the fault condition. (3 marks) f. If this potential is to be limited to SOV, determine the current setting of the EFR to set the disconnection time to 0.9s for multiplier setting k=0.2. EFR tripping characteristic is given in the figure 4.2 (6 marks)Question 5 (15 marks) @. Prove that the total rms current in a single phase circuit with a total harmonic distortion Of THD is given by 1, V(1 + THD®) where Ip is design current of the load (05 marks) 5. A three phase circuit with a design load of 40A to be installed using four-core PVC insulated cable on a perforated cable tray. Determine the size of the cable for following harmonic conditions. Refer Table 4d2a given in Question 2. (10 marks) }) Harmonics are not present in the circuit. ji) 20% of third harmonic present in the circuit, iii) 40% of third harmonic present in the circuit. iv) 50% of third harmonic present in the circuit. Third harmonic content of Rating factor line current % Size selection is based on | Size of selection based on line current neutral current 0-15 1.0 : 15.33 0.86 é 3345, = 0.86 >45, = 10 Table 5.1 End of question paper