Index No: IESL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Final Examination — Semester 5 EE4002Electrical Installations ‘Time allowed: Three Hours Only 2017 June INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: 1. This is a closed book exam. It is an offence to be in possession of unauthorized ‘material during the examination. ‘This paper has five (5) questions. Answer ALL questions. All questions carry equal marks. Use the given space to write the answers. Assume reasonable values for any data not given in or with the examination paper. Clearly state such assumptions made on the script. In case of any doubt as to the interpretation of the wording of a question, make suitable assumptions and clearly state them on the script This examination paper must not be removed from the examination room1 (10*2= 20 Marks) ‘Question ‘Answer T. What is the latest edition of the IET Wiring Regulations and when was it issued? . What is the “earthing system” used in Sri Lanka? What would be the approximate human body resistance? . State the maximum operating time for 30 mA RCCB. 2, 3 4. What do you mean by “Let Go” current and mention the value? 3 6 What is the safe voltage for a normal person? 7. Inthe equation, t= © = what is “S” and give its units? For what type of a protective device is the equation 1, < 0.7251, applicable? 9. Current carrying ‘ity of a cable is ————_____, aie C, xC, «C, x factor what is the value of “factor” for BS 88-2 cartridge fuse? 10. What do you compute using the equation A (mV/A/m)x (Full load current) x (length) 1000 ‘ Page 2 of 15Question 2 (20 Marks) 1. With the aid of suitable diagrams, explain the difference between TT and TN-S earthing systems. [5 marks] 2. Briefly explain, with the of suitable diagrams where appropriate, the following. Electric shock, [1 marks] fi, Basic categorization of low voltage (LV) protection schemes. [1 marks} Page 3 of 15iv. The definition of (both AC and DC) low voltages (LV) and extra low voltages (ELV). [1 marks] ‘Measures to be taken to protect circuits against overcurrent. [1 marks] Why it is necessary to have RCD sensitivity less than 30 mA to provide protection against electric shock due to direct contact. [1 marks] Page 4 of 153. Show that the resistance of a rod type earth electrode is given by L R=2 nC) {5 marks} 4. Briefly explain three methods that can be used to improve earth electrode resistance [5 marks] Page 5 of 15Question 3 (20 Marks) 1. A 230V, 3 KW appliances operating at 0.9 power factor lagging is protected by a semi enclosed fuse to BS3036, What cable size would you recommend for this circuit? Assume 1.0 for all the correction factors. [5 Marks] 2. What maximum earth fault loop impedance would you would allow for a by 5 A semi enclosed fuse to BS3036 in order to operate it at 0.4 sec? Page 6 of 153. A semi enclosed fuse to BS 3036 is used to protect a 230 V load supplied through a 28 A. cable. What would be the maximum permissible rating of the fuse? What is the maximum design kW load of 0.8 lagging that can be connected? [5 Marks] 4. What would be the permissible earth fault loop impedance value for the protection of an item of equipment operating at 240 V and protected by a 10 A Type B-circuit breaker? [5 Marks} Page 7 of 15Question 4 (20 Marks) A circuit with a resistance of 0.50 and connected to an appliance is protected by a 15 A semi enclosed to BS3036. The external earth fault loop impedance to this circuit is 0.8 2 and the source voltage is 230 V at 50 Hz. In case a ground fault of effective resistance 1.0 Q occurs across the load, using suitable assumptions and calculations, determine: a. The fault current [2 Marks} b. The time taken for the fuse to blow [2 Marks] ¢. The prospective fault voltage across the fault [2 Marks] Poge 8 of 154. The current that may flow through a typical human body if a person comes into contact with the fault at the load [2 Marks] ©. What form of shock is likely to be experienced by a person [2 Marks} 2. A consumer is planning major alterations to their premises, one part being converting an existing kitchen extension to a pottery room housing a 9 kW/230 V fan-assisted kiln. It is proposed to utilize the existing cooker circuit to supply it. The cabling is 6.0 mm? twin with 6.0 mm?ecpc, clipped direct throughout its 25 m run and protectedby a 32 A BS EN 60898 Type B circuit breaker; and there are no adverse conditions prevailing. The external value of loop impedance has been measured as 0.3 9. Show by calculation what changes, if any, are required to enable the existing system to be used. [10 Marks} Page 9 of 15Page 10 of 15Question 5 (20 Marks) 1. An insurance office is supplied at 400/230 V 50 Hz and has the following [10 Marks} connected load: 4%30 A socket outlet circuits for computer use 130 A socket outlet circuit for general use 15 kW of fluorescent lighting 1.0 kW of tungsten lighting 1x6 kW cooker 2x600W microwave cookers 2x3 KW instantaneous type hand washers 22 KW hand dryers. Design a suitable electrical distribution system to cater to the requirements of the owner and draw the conceptual single line diagram indicating all the figures on it. Page 11 of 15,Page 12 of 52. The design current of a single-phase circuit is 35 A. The single-core pve insulated cables run alone in pve conduit for a distance of 50m through an —_[10 Marks] area having an ambient temperature of 35°C (100mm of the conduit passes through thermal insulation). The voltage drop in the circuit must not exceed 5 V. Protection is by a BS 88-3 fuse. Determine the: () Fuse rating (ii) Minimum cable current rating (iii) Minimum cable e.s.a iv) Voltage drop in the cables. Assume C= 078 and C.=0.91 Page 13 of 15Page 14 of 15~~ END OF PAPER — Page 15 of 15