Offloading of LTE traffic on multi-gigabit WiFi networks for broadband services delivery in high

subscriber concentration zones

Energy efficient designs and network implementation using latest IEEE 802.11 standards

Academicians and students have significantly contributed to the field of wireless communications for
past many years. A large number of dissertations
and thesis reports have been published incorporating results of laboratory experiments and simulations
that have proved to be very useful in
determining the actual performance of the technologies amidst all the marketing claims made by the
OEMs and Service Providers. In addition, we
should not undermine the fact that the academic world has been elementary in development of new
technologies that have shaped the future of wireless
communications. I want to specifically mention about the development of Wireless Sensor Networking
under various projects sponsored by IEEE and
ZigBee Alliance and such other organisations that have finally resulted in open global standards like
ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 and the company
sponsored proprietary standards like Texas Instruments SimpliciTI and XBee DigiMesh. These
technologies employ a number of algorithms/protocols
like ANT COLONY, SPIN, GOSSIP, FLOOD, etc. that have been developed by students of higher studies
in wireless communications. In this article, I
hereby present some modern challenges that the students may like to undertake for their forthcoming
dissertation and theses research projects:

(A) Advancements in WiMAX and LTE/LTE-A technologies and their applications pertaining to fixed
and mobile wireless communications - The
Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology developed by 4G Americas (formerly 3G Americas) is based on
the world class HSPA+ (High Speed Packet
Access Plus) technology. Its earlier variant HSPA is the foundation of the widely successful 3G services
framework across the world. LTE is perceived to
be the most valid contender of 4G services framework but is facing strong competition from IEEE 802.16e-
2005 which is the standard for Mobile
WiMAX. How have these technologies evolved since their inception in mobile and fixed wireless
communications? There can be multiple global as well
as regional studies that can be conducted pertaining to this context. One may also like to write
dissertations/theses on case studies of world class
technology and telecom services companies that are promoting these technologies - like Nokia, Motorola,
Ericsson, Vodafone, Alcatel-Lucent, British
Telecom, etc. Some of the suggested study areas on LTE and WiMax technological evolution are the
following:

(1) Advancements in multiple input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies, and OFDMA
(orthogonal frequency division multiple access) in
modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A (LTE-A is the abbreviation for LTE Advanced)
(2) Frameworks for aggregation of carriers in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(3) Advancements in relaying standards in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(4) Advancements in quality of service settings and delivery in modern 4G networks using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(5) Designs and service delivery of mobile video streaming and conferencing services in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(6) Advancements in management of interferences in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-
A
(7) Self-Learning fault tolerance frameworks in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(8) Capacity evaluation and management in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(9) Signal strengths measurements and fingerprinting methods in modern 4G networks using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(10) Location-based subscriber directories and their integration with global address registries in modern
4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(11) The quest between WiMax and LTE/LTE-A pertaining to future mobile Internet and broadband
applications
(12) Mobile handover at high vehicular speeds in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(13) Strategies for positioning, activating, and integrating relay stations in modern 4G networks using
WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(15) Strategies for designing and service delivery of private mobile subscribers cloud using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(16) Energy efficiency and on-demand scalability in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(17) Designing and adaptive allocation of services and resources in IPTV networks using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(18) Study of mobile broadband video services architecture, designing, and components in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(19) Is UMTS fully obsolete? Technologies and components of legacy UMTS designs in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(20) Mobile broadband designs, customisations, and rapid handovers for bullet trains travelling at more
than 200 Kms/hr using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(21) Self-Organising Networks (SONs) and rapid handovers at high speeds in modern 4G networks using
WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(22) Internetworking between LTE/LTE-A/WiMax and 3G networks using SIP-based IMS (IP
Multimedia Subsystem) signalling: coexistence of past
mobile technologies with future
(23) Solving the conflicting objectives of advanced encrypton and quality of service in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(24) Advanced service classes and improved quality of service in modern 4G networks using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(25) Dynamic network selection based on energy and mobility pattern awareness in a hybrid network
environment comprising WiMax, WiFi, and
LTE/LTE-A
(26) Privacy-aware group handover mechanisms in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(27) Data traffic measurements and QoS optimisation for multi-tier customers in modern 4G networks
using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(28) Architecture, design, and implementation of femtocells in modern 4G networks using WiMax and
LTE/LTE-A
(29) Security threats and controls in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(30) Review of WiMax coding standards and study of different performances under different
modulations and coding
(31) Path loss modeling and avoidance techniques in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(32) Closed group private mobility with high security for mission critical applications in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(33) Mobile handover techniques in difficult terrains having varying tower heights in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(34) Optimisation of base stations for high performance location-based services in modern 4G networks
using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(35) Review of adaptive modulation and coding in WiMax and its real world applications
(36) Multiple gateway admission control in modern 4G networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A
(37) Desired technical characteristics and capabilities of next generation mobility networks for on demand
multimedia streaming and content delivery
(38) Study of design and implementation of microstrip antennas in modern 4G networks using LTE, LTE-
A, WiMAX, and WiFi
(39) Fair resource allocation and quality of service for downlink traffic in WiMax networking
(40) Mobile IPv6 in mobile vehicular networks with dynamic location-based services in modern 4G
networks using WiMax and LTE/LTE-A

The above study areas have been proposed keeping the scopes of LTE, LTE-A, and WiMax technologies
in mind. However, you may not be able to study
the three technological areas in a single research given their vastness and differences, unless you are
conducting comparative studies. Hence, you may
consider narrowing down your topic to a specific technology and its specific scenarios under study. All
the above study areas can use models in the
latest academic release of OPNET Modeler by Riverbed Software Inc. through OPNET university
program (OPNET has been acquired by Riverbed
Software).

In addition to the suggestions above, please contact us

at consulting@etcoindia.co or consulting@etcoindia.net to get more
topic suggestions and to discuss your topic.

(B) Evolution of IP Multimedia Subsystem in modern mobile IP networks - ETCO India has already
published a copyrighted research paper on
differences between IMS and traditional IP multimedia (please visit: ETCO India Published Research
Papers). The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) has
distinct and standardised architectures, configurations, traffic management, Quality of Service, Protocols,
Handshakes, Communications, Registries,
and Applications. It has evolved alongside mobile networking technologies and is currently highly
portable on the existing 4G platforms. Some of the
suggested study areas on IP Multimedia Subsystem technological evolution are the following:

(1) Authentication, authorisation, and access protocols of IP Multimedia Subsystem in LTE networks
(2) Architectural components of IP Multimedia Subsystem and its deployment in modern 4G networks
using WiMax and LTE
(3) Context awareness in IP Multimedia Subsystem in heterogeneous 4G networks
(4) A study of next generation multimedia services in IP Multimedia Subsystem on 4G networks
(5) Design and deployment of IPTV services in IP Multimedia Subsystem on 4G networks
(6) IP Multimedia Subsystem on mobile cloud computing on 4G networks
(7) Adoption of IP Multimedia Subsystem architecture and design in multimedia content distribution and
multimedia streaming in 4G Americas and
ITU-T mobile multimedia service delivery standards
(8) Mobile networking virtualisation architectures in mobile cloud computing for IP Multimedia
Subsystem and its mobile multimedia services
(9) Evolution of IP Multimedia Subsystem in 5G mobile multimedia services
(10) Advancements of network-aware handover of IP Multimedia Subsystem streaming services in
heterogeneous 4G networks
(11) Synergies among multiple wireless communication technologies for IP Multimedia Subsystem-WiFi,
WiMax, UMTS, and LTE: evolution of
heterogeneous multimedia streaming and content delivery networks
(12) Study of Security threats and advanced security controls in IP Multimedia Subsystem on
heterogeneous 4G networks
(13) Adaptive bandwidth allocation and Quality of Experience (QoE, QoX, or simply QX) in IP
Multimedia Subsystem on heterogeneous 4G networks
(14) Quality optimisation of Voice and Video over IP in IP Multimedia Subsystem on heterogeneous 4G
networks
(15) Design and applications of IPv6-based Wireless Sensor Networking for running IP Multimedia
Subsystem services
(16) Convergence of IP Multimedia Subsystem services through integrated wired and wireless networks
in IPTV service delivery
(17) Distributed multimedia applications of IP Multimedia Subsystem in mobile cloud computing on
heterogeneous 4G networks
(18) Application of IP Multimedia Subsystem in closed group mission critical multimedia applications on
heterogeneous 4G networks
(19) Sessions and calls control protocols in global IP Multimedia Subsystem multiparty sessions on
heterogeneous 4G networks
(20) Collaborative group conferencing in global IP Multimedia Subsystem multiparty sessions on
heterogeneous 4G networks
(21) Applications for integrating IP Multimedia Subsystem and Internet of Things on heterogeneous 4G
networks
(22) Quality of Experience (QoE, QoX, or simply QX) enabled social multimedia content delivery in IP
Multimedia Subsystem on heterogeneous 4G
networks
(23) Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-based dynamic handover of multimedia sessions in heterogeneous
4G networks using IP Multimedia Subsystem
(24) Real-time multimedia communications in high speed vehicular networks using IP Multimedia
Subsystem
(25) Unified public safety communications networking using IP Multimedia Subsystem on heterogeneous
4G mobile networks
(26) Integrating SIP address space with IPv6 addressing in IP Multimedia Subsystem networking

While majority of the study areas suggested above are proposed with an assumption that IP Multimedia
Subsystem works on heterogeneous 4G
networks, you may narrow down your study confined to specific 4G networks and their designs. All the
above study areas can use models in the latest
academic release of OPNET Modeler by Riverbed Software Inc. through OPNET university program
(OPNET has been acquired by Riverbed Software).

In addition to the suggestions above, please contact us

at consulting@etcoindia.co or consulting@etcoindia.net to get more
topic suggestions and to discuss your topic.

Dear Visitor: Please visit the page detailing SUBJECT AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION pertaining to our
services to view the broader perspective of our
offerings for Dissertations and Thesis Projects. Please also visit the page having TOPICS DELIVERED by
us.

Apologies for the Interruption!! Please continue reading!!

(C) Evolution of IEEE 802.11 WiFi technologies in the 4G era: especially IEEE 802.11ax, 802.11ad, and
802.11ah - IEEE 802.11 has evolved significantly
in the 4G era and has found a role in the heterogeneous 4G networks for delivery mobile multimedia
services. Some of the suggested study areas on IEEE
802.11 technological evolution in the 4G era are the following:

(1) Review and evaluation of design specifications and performance of IEEE 802.11ad and IEEE 802.11ac
multi-gbps and IEEE 802.11ah
machine-to-machine WiFi communications
(2) Modelling of machine-to-machine communications in industrial engineering: applying IEEE 802.11ah
for smart machines
(3) Exploiting multi-gbps WiFi for private mobile cloud computing
(4) Analysing the application of IEEE 802.11af in White-Space spectrum sharing for unlicensed Radio
broadcasting and TV telecasting
(5) Long distance wireless communications modelling using IEEE 802.11dcf and IEEE 802.11ah
(6) Using multi-gbps WiFi connections as LTE backhauls for metropolitan broadband services
distribution
(7) Offloading of LTE traffic on multi-gigabit WiFi networks for broadband services delivery in high
subscriber concentration zones
(8) Energy efficient designs and network implementation using latest IEEE 802.11 standards
(9) Reliable routing protocols in smart machine-to-machine mesh networks using multi-gigabit WiFi
standards
(10) Multi-gigabit WiFi standards and Internet of Things in a smart mesh industrial network
(11) Next generation WiFi LAN designing and evaluation using IEEE 802.11ax standard
(12) Building a heterogeneous wireless broadband network by combining LTE, WiFi, and Zigbee for on-
demand high-load multimedia applications
(13) Users' QoS maximisation in LTE to WiFi offloading for premium multimedia users in a
heterogeneous network environment
(14) Vehicular mobile network clouds using LTE and multi-gigabit WiFi in a heterogeneous wireless
networking environment
(15) Indoor GPS networking using location-aware 3D spatial modelling using multi-gigabit WiFi
standards
(16) Multi-gigabit WiFi networking and machine-to-machine communications in a smart grid system with
long distance data transmissions
(17) WiFi small cellular networks for high capacity offloading from LTE networks for distributing
location-aware indoor 3D spatial applications
(18) Vehicular access systems using long distance IEEE 802.11 standards in a highway network
environment
(19) Multi-gigabit WiFi-enabled content delivery in vehicular area networks
(20) Indoor location-based services in WiFi-enabled indoor GPS networking
(21) Asset management in a multi-echelon supply network using RFID systems integrated through long
distance WiFi networking standards
(22) Virtualisation solutions in WiFi networking for mobile cloud computing
(23) Performance comparison of Voice-and-Video-over-IP over WiFi and over WiMax in a modelling and
simulation test bed
(24) Mobility pattern awareness in heterogeneous network environments comprising LTE, WiMax, and
WiFi
(25) Roles and deployments of IEEE 802.11 multi-gigabit standards in the 5G LTE evolution
(26) Study of Security threats and Security controls in IEEE 802.11 multi-gigabit and long distance
standards

All the study areas suggested above in the context of modern WiFi standards and networking are broad
study domains that comprise multiple narrow
topics. All the above study areas can use models in the latest academic release of OPNET Modeler by
Riverbed Software Inc. through OPNET university
program (OPNET has been acquired by Riverbed Software). The editable WiFi network objects in OPNET
can be used to configure exact existing
standards'-based or projected future standards' specifications.

In addition to the suggestions above, please contact us

at consulting@etcoindia.co or consulting@etcoindia.net to get more
topic suggestions and to discuss your topic.

(D) QoS for VoIP over Satellite links - connecting high altitude cities to the metropolitan cities over
mobile telephony. - ETCO India has supported
many students on this topic. Later on, I realised that this topic, that had become dormant many years
back, is getting active once again due to some
scintillating innovations in high latency VoIP QoS settings for acceptable voice quality over satellite
networks. Hence, it is worthwhile to research this
subject area further on many aspects. Regions that are located at very high altitudes (like Alaska, Leh,
Laddakh, Tibet, etc.) still find satellite
communications as more reliable compared to terrestrial communications for voice and data connectivity.
But the quality of service has always
remained a problem. In light of the new innovations in VoIP QoS (like Packet Segmentation and Re-
assembly, Slot Feathering, Single Hop Satellite
communications optimised for VoIP, etc.), they may find a new era of quality of service over satellite
communications and hence may communicate
better with the world. Some of the suggested study areas on Satellite communications' technological
evolution in the 4G era are the following:

(1) Study of voice codecs and congestion control protocols in VoIP over satellite communications
(2) High efficiency multimedia streaming over satellite links through direct spectrum division and Multi
Giga Hertz extremely high frequency bands
(3) Designing and implementation of heterogeneous broadband mobile networking by combining
satellite communications at Multi Giga Hertz
extremely high frequency bands with Multi-Gigabit WiFi networks and LTE Advanced
(4) Integrating mobile networks of multiple hill station cities through satellite backhaul connections at
Multi Giga Hertz extremely high frequency bands
(5) Mission-critical multimedia applications using satellite communications at Multi Giga Hertz
extremely high frequency bands
(6) Effective integration between LTE Advanced and Satellite communications Multi Giga Hertz
extremely high frequency bands for mobile networks in
difficult terrains
(7) Mobile satellite backhauls for emergency communications and mission critical news media coverage
(8) Virtualisation of heterogeneous networking using Multi-Gigabit WiFi and Multi Giga Hertz satellite
communications at extremely high frequency
bands through Software Defined Networking (SDN)
(9) Network planning and programming for heterogeneous networking using Multi-Gigabit WiFi and
Multi Giga Hertz satellite communications at
extremely high frequency bands through Software Defined Networking (SDN)
(10) UMTS and Satellite communications integration with advanced QoS configurations for VoIP
(11) Study of designs and solutions of broadband multimedia content delivery through offloading from
Satellite networks with Multi Giga Hertz
satellite communications at extremely high frequency bands to multi-gigabit WiFi
(12) Micro satellite terminals with code division multiple access (CDMA) as broadband access points for
Satellite Internet in difficult terrain areas
(13) Satellite communications dispatchers for field access systems in mobile mission critical and disaster
relief applications
(14) Adaptive modulation methods and encoding schemes in broadband satellite communications
(15) Digital video broadcasting with QoS guarantee in broadband satellite communications using Multi
Giga Hertz satellite communications at
extremely high frequency bands as uplinks and code division multiple access micro satellite terminals at
downlinks
(16) Multi-programmed TV broadcasting with user access privileges in a heterogeneous networking
environment using Multi Giga Hertz satellite
communications at extremely high frequency bands and offloading to Multi-Gigabit WiFi terminals
covering multiple broadband subscribers

All the study areas suggested above in the context of modern broadband satellite communications
standards and networking are broad study domains
that comprise multiple narrow topics. All the above study areas can use models in the latest academic
release of OPNET Modeler by Riverbed Software
Inc. through OPNET university program (OPNET has been acquired by Riverbed Software). The editable
Satellite communications network objects in
OPNET can be used to configure exact existing standards'-based or projected future standards'
specifications.
In addition to the suggestions above, please contact us
at consulting@etcoindia.co or consulting@etcoindia.net to get more
topic suggestions and to discuss your topic.

(E) Applications of mobile technologies - In past few academic sessions, I have realised that students are
demanding topics on applications of mobile
technologies in various applications, like - wireless sensor networking, distance learning over Internet (E-
Learning), asset management, location based
services, crisis management, transportation, GPS applications, logistics and supply chain management,
retail stores (supermarkets and hypermarkets),
vehicle tracking, university campus networking, mobile ERPs/CRMs in corporations, public sector
infrastructure projects, healthcare, etc. A large
number of topics can be designed on positioning a specific mobile technology for a specific application,
and simulating the same in the laboratory. The
modelling can be done on OPNET Modeler.

(F) Cisco IOS based networking projects employing Cisco Packet Tracer - You can design multiple
research topics on accurate implementation of
wireless networks by modelling Cisco products, and configure the entire network by modelling exact
product configurations, connectivity and IOS
commands on Cisco Packet Tracer. You can run multiple tests on Cisco Packet Tracer, in exactly the same
way as they are executed in real world Cisco
projects. In fact, this approach of doing research is one step ahead of OPNET, at the data link, network
and transport layers. The students undergoing
advanced networking courses may find this method very interesting and challenging. Such learning
opportunities can significantly help you in your
career as well, because you will be an expert of the latest Cisco configurations and commands for
configuring, testing and managing a wireless network.
In addition, the topics will be original because not many dissertation/thesis projects have been conducted
using Cisco Packet Tracer. Please contact me
for more ideas on this aspect.

A number of professional researches have been published to address these areas recently. Many of them
claim to be unbiased. ETCO India has also
contributed by publishing reports in these areas (ETCO India Published Research Papers). But I
personally feel that the academic researchers, that are
known to conduct more unbiased and valid studies, have not yet contributed adequately to these areas. I
suggest that students undergoing advanced
courses in wireless communications should develop new topics in these areas and conduct researches for
their forthcoming dissertation and thesis
research projects. If all the current challenges are brought to the table, I can visualise hundreds of topics
on which the students and academic
researchers can undertake research assignments. Some of these topics have already been undertaken by
students but more contribution is required from
the academic world. Tools like OPNET MODELER can be employed to simulate various real life
 networking solutions to verify the behaviour and
performance of modern wireless technologies in a laboratory environment. I personally like OPNET
MODELER because of its capability of simulating
real world wireless products (like Cisco Aironet series). OPNET MODELER academic edition is offered
free of cost to students by RIVERBED Inc. under
their university program. The academic version possesses all the features of OPNET except that it can
simulate the maximum of 50 million events which
is, however, more than sufficient to simulate any network model created for academic research.

LTE THESIS
LTE Thesis is done by students and scholars who are interested over telecommunication research
area. LTE is a standard that has been defined in recent years to achieve high speed wireless
communication over smart devices. LTE is aimed to minimize complexity, ignore unnecessary
handover, increase data rate, connectivity and maximize Quality of Service. Implementation of LTE in
Network Simulator 3 includes the following modules,
 core-module.h
 network-module.h
 lte-module.h
 mobility-module.h
Similarly each implementation tool involved with significant modules to build LTE and obtain its
performance results. Undergoing a LTE Thesis also requires good knowledge over the software and
hardware specification that are used for your work. LTE Thesis is developed for any of the following
concepts,
 Routing
 Clustering
 Handover
 Resource allocation
 Security
 Authentication
 Attacks detection and prevention
 Packet scheduling
Several processes are implemented in LTE, which is elaborated in LTE Thesis that includes all the
required definitions and mathematical results. A qualified thesis is provided to you with zero plagiarism.
 Our technically experienced team is capable with technical knowledge and language knowledge. We
have nearly 500+ journal members, due to our work perfection in thesis and projects.
LET US GIVE YOU A LIST OF TOPICS UNDER LTE
THESIS,
 An effectual function of LTE-A Virtual Drive Testing intended for Vehicular Environments system
 An inventive process of Localization-based on resource selection schemes designed for network-
controlled LTE-V2V system
 The fresh practice based on Analysis of probability-time characteristics of LTE dynamic MAC-protocol
system
 An inventive function of UEFA-M for Utility-based energy efficient adaptive multimedia mechanism
over LTE HetNet small cells system
 An innovative mechanism for SVM based on sub-band CQI feedback compression scheme used for
3GPP LTE systems [LTE Thesis]
 A proficient function of Wireless Fronthaul (EWF) Method designed for LTE Signal Transmission
system
 An effective process of Rushing Full Speed by LTE-Advanced in Economical scheme
 A novel technique for Performance Analysis of Voice over LTE via Low-Complexity eMTC Devices
systems
 The new progression of Delay-Aware LTE WLAN Aggregation used for 5G Unlicensed Spectrum
Usage system
 An efficient performance for Interleaved Resource Mapping used for Autonomous Device-to-Device
Discovery in Public Safety LTE system
 The new technology of MDL-MUSIC joint time delay estimation method used for LTE PRS
 A new process of SVM-Based on Wireless Channel Classification intended meant for Adaptive AFC
in LTE Downlink
 A required performance of a Non-Codebook Based on MU-MIMO System used for TDD LTE-
Advanced system
 A novel technology of QoE-Oriented Resource Allocation designed for DASH-Based on Video
Transmission over LTE Systems [LTE Thesis]
 On the use of MTV based on Mobile Bit Torrent Video Sharing via Harmonized LTE and WiFi
Coexistence system