Course Title: Automotive Electronics

Course Code: PACE001/2014

Author(s) Tracy Austina

Authorized by KNS Acharya

Creation/Revision Date Sep 2014

Version 1.0
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CONFIDENTIAL
 Document Revision History

Version Date Author(s) Reviewer(s) Description

Mangesh Khare,
Manaswini Rath
21st Sep
1.0 Tracy Austina Naneen Kalappa
2014
KNS Acharya
Muralidhara K V

CONFIDENTIAL
 CONTENTS
COPYRIGHT NOTICE ............................................................................................................................................................. ii
Document Revision History...................................................................................................................................................... iii
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................................................. iv

CONFIDENTIAL
KPIT Limited Automotive Electronics

Course Title: Automotive Electronics

Course Code: PACE001/2014

1. Course Summary
Aims and Summary: This module aims at introducing the delegates to the field of Automotive
Electronics. The Automotive electronics has occupied significant importance and has been
evolving very rapidly with advent of new sensor technologies, computing power, emerging
needs of safety standards. The course focuses on exposing delegates to Automotive electronics
industry, trends, players, Systems and Subsystems, Sensor, Actuators, Automotive specific
Microcontrollers, Networking and Diagnostics technologies, overview of Model based
development.

2. Learning Objectives
1. To understand the concepts of Automotive Electronics and it’s evolution and trends
2. Automotive systems & subsystems overview.
3. To understand sensors and sensor monitoring mechanisms aligned to Automotive
systems, different signal conditioning techniques, interfacing techniques and actuator
mechanisms
4. To understand, design and model various automotive control systems using Model
based development technique
5. To understand role of Microcontrollers in ECU design and choice of appropriate
Hardware and Software
6. To describe various communication systems, wired and wireless protocols used in
vehicle networking
7. To understand Safety standards, advances in towards autonomous vehicles,
8. To understand vehicle on board and off board diagnostics

3. Course Content / Syllabus

UNIT 1: Automotive Systems, Design cycle and Automotive industry overview
A) Automotive Systems :
a. Overview of Automotive industry, leading players, automotive supply chain,
global challenges. Role of technology in Automotive Electronics and
interdisciplinary design. Tools and Processes.
b. Introduction to modern automotive systems and need for electronics in automobiles
and application areas of electronic systems in modern automobiles
c. Spark and Compression Ignition Engines: Ignition systems, Fuel delivery systems,
Engine control functions, Fuel control, Electronic systems in Engines
d. Automotive transmissions: Transmission fundamentals, Types‐MT, AT, CVT and DCT
e. Vehicle braking fundamentals: Vehicle dynamics during braking, hydraulic brake
system components, Introduction to antilock braking systems
f. Steering Control: Steering system basics, Fundamentals of electronically controlled
power steering: type, electronically controlled hydraulic systems and Electric power

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steering systems. Passenger Safety and Convenience occupant protection systems, Tire
pressure monitoring systems

g. Overview of Hybrid Vehicles,

B) ECU Design Cycle : V-Model development cycle , Components of ECU, Examples of ECU on
Chassis, Infotainment, Body Electronics and cluster

UNIT 2: Automotive Sensors and Actuators

a. Systems approach to control and instrumentation: Concept of a system, Analog and
Digital systems, Basic measurements systems, Analog and digital signal processing,
Sensors, Sensor characteristics, Sensor response, Sensor error, Redundancy of sensors
in ECUs, Avoiding redundancy, Sensor modelling , Smart Nodes , Examples of sensors :
Accelerometers, wheel speed sensors, brake pressure sensors, Seat occupancy sensor,
Engine speed, Steering wheel angle, Vehicle speed sensor, Throttle position sensor,
Turbine speed sensor, Temperature sensor, Mass air flow (MAF) rate sensor, Exhaust
gas oxygen concentration sensor, Throttle plate angular position sensor, Crankshaft
angular position/RPM sensor, Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor, Differential
exhaust gas pressure sensor, Actuators used : Solenoids, various types of electric
motors, and piezoelectric force generators, Examples for actuators: Relays, solenoids
and motors. Sensors in Airbag system, Chassis Control systems, Automatic transmission
control system, Electronic Engine Control System

UNIT 3: Microcontrollers/Microprocessors in Automotive domain, Communication

protocols, Infotainment systems

A) Microcontrollers/Microprocessors in Automotive domain

a. Critical review of microprocessor, microcontroller and digital signal processor
development (overview of development within the automotive context (Architecture
of 8/16 bit microcontrollers with emphasis on Ports, Timer/Counters, Interrupts.
Watchdog timers, PWM)
b. Criteria to choose the right microcontroller/processor for various automotive
applications
c. Understanding various architectural attributes relevant to automotive applications
d. Automotive grade processors ex: Renesas, Quorivva, Infineon
e. Understanding and working on tool chains for different processors
f. Development of control algorithm for different automotive subsystems Look-up
tables and maps, Need of maps, Procedure to generate maps, Fuel maps/tables,
Ignition maps/tables, Engine calibration, Torque table, Dynamometer testing

B) Communication protocols
a. Overview of Automotive communication protocols : CAN, LIN , Flex Ray, MOST ,
Ethernet, D2B and DSI

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b. Communication interface with ECUs Interfacing techniques and interfacing with

infotainment gadgets
c. Relevance of Protocols such as TCP/IP for automotive applications
d. Wireless LANs standards such as Bluetooth, IEE802. 11x communication protocols for
automotive applications.

C) Infotainment Systems: Application of Telematics in Automotive domain, Global

Positioning Systems (GPS) and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

UNIT 4: Automotive Control Systems and Model Based Development:

A) Automotive Control System & Model Based development: Control system approach in
Automotive: Analog and Digital control methods, modelling of linear systems, System
responses. Modeling of Automotive Systems simple examples.
B) Model based Development: Introduction to MATLAB, Simulink and SIMSCAPE tool boxes.
Model-Based Design for a small system - Motor Model, Generator Model, Controller Model,
SimDriveline Intro Simulink Simulations, Explore the system response using different control
methods. Tune the system , Explore system limitations , understand and refine motor models,
Real time simulations on a Simple target (Arduino / Rasberry Pi etc), Study of modeling and
simulation of any one of the Automotive systems.

UNIT 5: Safety Systems in Automobiles and Diagnostic Systems

A) Active Safety Systems: ABS, TCS, ESP, Brake assist etc

B) Passive Safety Systems: Airbag systems, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS):
Combining computer vision techniques as pattern recognition, feature extraction, learning,
tracking, 3D vision, etc. to develop real-time algorithms able to assist the driving activity.
Examples of assistance applications: Lane Departure Warning, Collision Warning, Automatic
Cruise Control, Pedestrian Protection, Headlights Control, Connected Cars technology and
trends towards Autonomous vehicles.
C) Functional Safety: Need for safety systems, safety concept, safety process for product life
cycle, safety by design, validation
D) Diagnostics: Fundamentals of Diagnostics: Basic wiring system and Multiplex wiring system,
Preliminary checks and adjustments, Self-diagnostic system. Fault finding and corrective
measures, Electronic transmission checks and Diagnosis, Diagnostic procedures and sequence,
On board and off board diagnostics in Automobiles, OBDII, Concept of DTCs, DLC, MIL, Freeze
Frames, History memory, Diagnostic tools, Diagnostic protocols : KWP2000 and UDS

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LAB SESSIONS:
UNIT 1: Demo of the Automotive components and subsystems
UNIT 2 and 3: 1. Interfacing sensors and actuators with microcontrollers
2. Developing control algorithms for ECUs
3. Integrating the control algorithms with developed hardware
UNIT 4: Modelling examples using MATLAB /Simulink
UNIT 5: Demo

4. Course Structure

Activity Indicative Hours

Lectures 35
Tutorials / Assignments
Lab Sessions / Hands on 15
Mock Projects

5. Method Assessment

Indicative
Assessments Weightage Mapping to Learning Objectives
Hours
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Lab Sessions/Hands
on Exam X X X
Written / Multiple
Choice / Fill in the X X X X X X X
blanks
Mock Projects X X X X X X X

6. Course Resources

1. Class room presentations

2. Lab demonstrations of Automotive Systems
3. Hands on sessions on MATLAB Simulink

7. Recommended Reading
1. Ronald K Jurgen: "Automotive Electronics Handbook, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1999
2. James D Halderman: -Automotive electricity and Electronics", PHI Publication
3. Terence Rybak. Mark Stefika: Automotive Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Springer.
2004
4. Allan Bonnick.: “Automotive Computer Controlled Systems” Diagnostic Tools and
Techniques". Elsevier Science, 2001

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5. Uwe Kieneke and Lars Nielsen: Automotive Control Systems Engine, Driveline and Vehicle,
2nd Edition Springer Verlag, 2005
6. David Alciatore, Michael Histand: "Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement
Systems (SIE) TMH, 2007
7. Iqbal Husain: "Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design fundamentals” CRC Press, 2003.
8. Tom Denton: "Advanced Automotive Diagnosis, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, 2006.
9. G. Meyer, J. Valldorf and W. Gessner: "Advanced Microsystems for Automotive
Applications”, Springer. 2009
10. Tracy Martin: “How to Diagnose and Repair Automotive Electrical Systems" Motor
Books/MBl Publishing Company. 2005.
11. Mehrdad Ebsani. Ali Emadi, Yimin Gao: - “Modern electronic. Hybrid Electric and Fuel
Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals. Theory and Design". 2nd CRC Press. 2009
12. Marc Herniter: “Introduction to Model Based System Design – Rose Hulman Institute of
Technology

8. Lab Resources
1. Automotive Systems and Sub Systems cutaway Sections
2. Sensors and Interfacing boards , Microcontroller Boards
3. MATLAB & SIMULINK Software Licenses
4. Arduino / Rasberry Pi Boards

9. Course Leaders with Mail ID

1. Tracy Austina
2. KNS Acharya

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