What is the relation among all the trigonometrical ratios of (90° + θ)?

In trigonometrical ratios of angles (90° + θ) we will find the relation between

all six trigonometrical ratios.

Let a rotating line OA rotates about O in the anti-clockwise direction, from

initial position to ending position makes an angle ∠XOA = θ again the same
rotating line rotates in the same direction and makes an angle ∠AOB =90°.

Diagram 2

Diagram 1

Diagram 3

Diagram 4

Therefore we see that, ∠XOB = 90° + θ.

Take a point C on OA and draw CD perpendicular to OX or OX’.

Again, take a point E on OB such that OE = OC and draw EF perpendicular to

OX or OX’. From the right-angled ∆ OCD and ∆ OEF we get,

∠COD = ∠OEF [since OB ⊥ OA]

and OC = OE.

Therefore, ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF (congruent).

Therefore according to the definition of trigonometric sign, OF = - DC, FE =

OD and OE = OC

We observe that in diagram 1 and 4 OF and DC are opposite signs and FE, OD
are either both positive. Again we observe that in diagram 2 and 3 OF and DC
are opposite signs and FE, OD are both negative.

According to the definition of trigonometric ratio we get,

sin (90° + θ) = FEOEFEOE

sin (90° + θ) = ODOCODOC, [FE = OD and OE = OC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

sin (90° + θ) = cos θ

cos (90° + θ) = OFOEOFOE

cos (90° + θ) = −DCOC−DCOC, [OF = -DC and OE = OC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

cos (90° + θ) = - sin θ.

tan (90° + θ) = FEOFFEOF

tan (90° + θ) = OD−DCOD−DC, [FE = OD and OF = - DC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

tan (90° + θ) = - cot θ.

Similarly, csc (90° + θ) = 1sin(90°+Θ)1sin(90°+Θ)

csc (90° + θ) = 1cosΘ1cosΘ

csc (90° + θ) = sec θ.

sec (90° + θ) = 1cos(90°+Θ)1cos(90°+Θ)

sec (90° + θ) = 1−sinΘ1−sinΘ

sec (90° + θ) = - csc θ.

and cot (90° + θ) = 1tan(90°+Θ)1tan(90°+Θ)
cot (90° + θ) = 1−cotΘ1−cotΘ

cot (90° + θ) = - tan θ.

Solved examples:

1. Find the value of sin 135°.

Solution:

sin 135° = sin (90 + 45)°

= cos 45°; since we know, sin (90° + θ) = cos θ

= 1√21√2

2. Find the value of tan 150°.

Solution:

tan 150° = tan (90 + 60)°

= - cot 60°; since we know, tan (90° + θ) = - cot θ

= 1√3