Empowerment Technology

Lesson 1: Information and Communication Technology

 ICT deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile phones, telephone,
Internet, etc. to locate, save, send, and edit information.
 These are digital forms of communication including tools available in the internet , such as blogging and
e-mail, as well as computer software, such as Microsoft PowerPoint and Word

Take note: ICT focuses on communication

Internet- Connections with different networks: global system of interconnected networks or devices.

Empowerment Technologies

 To create foundation in understanding the world if ICT (Information and Communication Technologies),
understand and demonstrate the proper etiquette in using ICT and more. With the help of
empowerment technologies, students and other millennials will be able to understand the real value of
technology; that with it, they can make their lives and future a better one.

WWW (World Wide Web)

 Composed of many web pages that are accessible anytime.

Website- location where there are many web pages.

Web browser- search engine: a tool for searching.

Web 1.0 or Static Webpage

 Static (also known as flat page or stationary page) in the same that the page “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user. This referred to as Web 1.0.
 It contains Web pages with fixed content. Each page is coded in HTML and displays the same
information to every visitor. Static sites are the most basic type of website and are the easiest to create.

Web 2.0 or Dynamic Webpage

 Web 2.0 allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just
reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Dynamic page refers to
the web pages that are affected by user input or preference.
 It is a webpage that displays different content each time it’s viewed. For example, the page may
change with the time of day. The user that accesses the webpage, or the type of user interaction.

Key Features of Web 2.0

 Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g. tagging). Popular social networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use
tags that start with a pound sign (#) or hashtag. It is also known as social tagging, collaborative tagging,
social classification and social bookmarking. It is the process of using digital content tags for
categorization or annotation to classify websites, pictures, documents and other forms of data so that
the content may be easily categorized and located by users.
  Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example would be a
website that shows local content. In the case of social networking sites, when logged on, your account
is used to modify what you see in their website.
 User Participation– the owner of website is not the only one who is able to put content. Others are able
to place content on their own by means of comments, reviews, and evaluation.
 Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. This is synonymous to
subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent on Internet or a data plan
that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
 Software as a service
 Mass Participation- sharing through universal web access.

Semantic Web

 It is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The semantic web provides a
framework that allows data to be shared and reuse to deliver web content specifically targeting the
user.

Trends in ICT

1. Convergence- It is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task. For
example, besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can now use your
smart phone. It is a platform that can create multiple tasks.
2. Social Media– is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create,
discuss, modify, and exchange user generated content.

Six types of social media:

a. Social Networks – These are sites that allow you to connect with other people with the same
interests or background. Once the user creates his/her account, he/she can set up a profile, add
people, share content, etc. Example : Facebook and Google+
b. Bookmarking Sites– These are sites that allow you to store and manage links to various website
and resources. Ex. : StumbleUpon/Pinterest
c. Social News– These are sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to other news
sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may also be rank. Example:
reddit and Digg
d. Media Sharing – These are sites that allow you to upload and share media content like images,
music and video. Example: Flickr, Youtube and Instagram.
e. Microblogging– These are sites that focus on short updates from the user. Those that subscribed to
the user will be able to receive these updates. Example: Twitter and Plurk
f. Blogs and Forums– These websites allow user to post their content. Other users are able to
comment on the said topic. Example: Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr

3. Mobile Technologies – The popularities of smart phones and tablets has taken a major rise over the
years. This is largely because of the devices capability to do the tasks that were originally found in PCs.

Several of these devices are capable of using high-speed internet. Today the latest model devices use 4G
Networking (LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network.

Mobile OS

o iOS– use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad.

o Android – an open source OS developed by Google. Being open source means mobile phone
companies use this OS for free.
o Blackberry OS– It is use in Blackberry devices.
 o Windows Phone OS – a closed source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft.
o Symbian– the original smart phone OS; used by Nokia devices.
o Web OS– originally used in smart phones; now used in smart TVs.
o Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smart phones and pocket PCs.

4. Assistive Media – is a non- profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading
impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Status of ICT in the Philippines

 Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia”.

 Huge growth of ICT related jobs around the country, one of which is call center or BPO (Business
Process Outsourcing) centers.
 According to 2013 edition of Measuring the Information Society by the International Telecommunication
Union, there are 106.8 cellphones per 100 Filipinos in the year 2012.
 In a data gathered by the Annual Survey of Philippines Business and Industries in 2010, the ICT
industry shares 19.3% of the total employment population.
 Time magazines declared Makati City, Philippines-Rank 1 as the “Selfiest Cities around the world and
Rank 9 is Cebu City.

Lesson 2: Rules of Netiquette

Online Safety and Security

The internet, truly is a powerful tool. It can be used to promote business, gain new friends, and stay in touch
with the old ones.
TIPS TO STAY ONLINE
 Be mindful of what you share and what site you share it to.
 Do not just accept terms and conditions; read it.
 Check out the privacy policy page of a website.
 Know the security features of the social networking site you use.
 Do not share password with anyone.
 Avoid logging in to public networks/Wi-Fi.
 Do not talk to strangers whether online or face to face.
 Never post anything about future vacation.
 Add friends you know in real life.
 Avoid visiting untrusted website.
 Install and update an anti virus software on your computer.
 If you have a Wifi at home , make it a private network by adding password.
 Avoid downloading anything from untrusted websites.
 Buy the software; do not use pirated ones.
 Do not reply or click links from suspicious email.
Internet Threats

 Malware- stands for Malicious Software.

 Spam- unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers.
 Phishing- its goal is to acquire sensitive personal information like passwords and credit card details.
Malware
a. Virus- program designed to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another.
b. Worm- a malicious program that transfers from one computer to another by any types of means.
c. Trojan- a malicious program that is disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed , leaves
your PC unprotected and allows hacker to get you information.
d. Spyware- a software that ruins in the background without you knowing it.
 Keyloggers- used to record the keystroke done by the user.
e. Adware- a program designed to send you advertisements, mostly a pop-ups.
Protecting Reputations Online
In the past, doing something embarrassing was not much a big deal.Nowadays, embarrassing moments are
captured using any device you could imagine.

Copyright Infringement
 Intellectual Property
 Copyright Law
Copyright Page “No part of this book may be copied, reproduced”
 Understand- Copyright protect literary works, photographs paintings, drawing, films, music
choreography and sculptures.
 Be Responsible- even if a material does not say that it is copyrighted, it is not a valid defense against
copyright.
 Be Creative- ask yourself whether what you are making is something that came from you or something
made from somebody else creativity.
 Know the Law- there are some limitations to copyright laws.

Online Research
1. Have a question in mind- Focus on a question you want answered.
2. Narrow it down- Search engines like Google, Bing, or Yahoo use several filters to determine the most
appropriate result for you.
3. Advanced Search- The best way to filter information you get from search engines is by using the
advanced search.
4. Look for a credible sources- Some wikis, filled with updated information, are not a credible source.
When using wikis, check out the link of the cited texts.
5. Give credit- Give credit to the original author of the page or information. To properly site a reference,
you may use the format below.

Lesson 3: Advanced Word Processing Skill

In the professional world, sending out information to convey important information is vital. Because of ICT,
things are now sent much faster than the traditional newsletters or postal mail. You can now send much faster
than the traditional newsletters or postal mail. You can now use the Internet to send out information you need
to share. What if we could still do things much faster – an automated way of creating and sending uniform
letters with different recipients? Would that not be more convenient?
I. Mail Merge and Label Generation
A. Mail Merge
One of the important reasons in using computers per se is its ability to do recurring tasks automatically.
But this ability has to be honed by learning the characteristics and features of the software you use with your
computer. After all, no matter how good or advance your computer and software may be, it can only be as
good as the person using it.
In this particular part of our lesson, we will learn one of the most powerful and commonly used features
of Microsoft Word called Mail Merge. As the name suggests, this feature allows you to create documents and
combine or merge them with another document or data file. It is commonly used when sending out advertising
materials to various recipients.
 The simplest solution for the scenario above is to create a document and just copy and paste it several
times then just replace the details depending on whom you send it to. But what if you have hundreds or
thousands of recipients? Would not that take too many hours? What if you have a small database of
information where you can automatically generate those letters?

Two Components of Mail Merge

1. Form Document
The first component of our mail merged document is the form document. It is generally the document
that contains the main body of the message we want to convey or send. The main body of the message is the
part of the form document that remains the same no matter whom you send it to from among your list.
Also included in the form document is what we call place holders, also referred to as data fields or
merge fields. This marks the position on your form document where individual data or information will be
inserted. From our sample document, the place holders are denoted or marked by the text with double-headed
arrows (<< >>) on each side and with a gray background. On a printed standard form, this will be the
underlined spaces that you will see and use as a guide to where you need to write the information that you
need to fill out. In its simplest form, a form document is literally a “form” that you fill out with individual
information. A common example of a form document is your regular tax form or application form.
Form Document
2. List or Data File
The second component of our mail merged document is the list or data file. This is where the individual
information or data that needs to be plugged in (merged) to the form document is placed and maintained. One
of the best things about the mail merge feature is that it allows data file to be created fro within the Microsoft
Word application itself, or it gets data from a file created in Microsoft Excel or other data formats. In this way,
fields that needed to be filled up on the form document can easily be maintained without accidentally altering
the form or main document. You can also easily add, remove, modify, or extract your data more efficiently by
using other data management applications like Excel or Access and import them in Word during the mail
merge process.

Enter a caption

B. Label Generation
Included in the mail merge feature on Microsoft Word is the Label Generator. It just makes sense that
after you print out your form letters, you will need to send it to individual recipients in an envelope with the
matching address printed directly on the envelope or on a mailing label to stick on. By using virtually the same
process as a standard mail merge, Microsoft Word will print individual addresses to a standard form that it has
already pre-formatted. Simply put, it creates a blank form document that simulates either a blank label or
envelope of pre-defined size and will use the data file that you selected to print the information, typically
individual addresses. So even in generating labels, the two essential components of creating a merged
document are present: the form document and the data file. Only in this case, you did not have to type or
create the form document yourself because it was already created and pre-formatted in Microsoft Word. All you
need to do is select the correct or appropriate size for the label or envelope and select the data file that
contains the addresses (data) to be printed. You can also preview your merged labels before printing if you
want to.

The Update Labels Icon can be found under the Mailings tab.
II. Integrating Images and External Materials
Integrating or inserting pictures in your document is fun and it improves the impression of your
document. A common use of inserting a picture on a document is when you are creating your resume. Though
seemingly simple to do, your knowledge on the different kinds of materials that you can insert or integrate in a
Word document and its characteristics can help you create a more efficient, richer document not only in
content but also in physical form. A better understanding of the physical form of your document as well as the
different materials you would integrate in it would allow you to be more efficient and versatile in using Microsoft
Word.
A. Kinds of Materials
There are various kinds of materials Microsoft Word is capable of integrating to make the documents
richer, more impressive, and more informative.
1. Pictures
Generally, these are electronic or digital pictures or photographs you have saved in any local storage
device. There are three commonly used types of picture files. You can identify them by the extension on their
file names.
a. .JPG/JPEG
This is pronounced as “jay-peg“ and is the short form of .jpeg or Joint Photographic Experts Group. Like
all the rest of the image file extensions, it identifies the kind of data compression process that it uses to make it
more compatible and portable through the Internet. This type of image file can support 16.7 million colors that
is why it is suitable for use when working with full color photographic images. Unfortunately, it does not support
transparency and therefore, images of this file type can be difficult to integrate in terms of blending with other
materials or elements in your document. But if you are looking for the best quality image to integrate with your
document then this is the image file type for you. .JPG does not work well on lettering, line drawings, or simple
graphics. .JPG images are relatively small in file size.

Example of a .jpeg format picture.

b. .GIF
This stands for Graphics Interchange Format. This type of image file is capable of displaying
transparencies. Therefore, it is good for blending with other materials or elements in your document. It is also
capable of displaying simple animation. Apparently, this may not be too useful on a printed document but if you
are sending documents electronically or through email, or even post documents into a website, then this could
be quite impressive. The downside is that it can only support up to 256 colors so it is good mostly on logos and
art decors with very limited, and generally solid colors. .GIF is much better for logos, drawings, small text, black
and white images, or low-resolution files.
Example of a .gif format picture.
c. .PNG
This is pronounced as “ping“. It stands for Portable Network Graphics. It was built around the
capabilities of .GIF. Its development was basically for the purpose of transporting images on the Internet at
faster rates. It is also good with transparencies but unlike .GIFs, it does not support animation but it can display
up to 16 million colors, so image quality for this image file type is also remarkably improved. .PNG allows the
control of the transparency level or opacity of images.

Example of .png format picture.

2. Clip Art
This is generally a .GIF type; line art drawings or images used as generic representation for ideas and
objects that you might want to integrate in your document. Microsoft Word has a library of clip arts that is built
in or can be downloaded and used freely. There are still other clip arts that you can either purchase or freely
download and use that come from third-party providers.

Clip Art Icon in Microsoft Office 2010.

3. Shapes
 These are printable objects or materials that you can integrate in your document to enhance its
appearance or allow you to have some tools to use for composing and representing ideas or messages. If you
are designing the layout for a poster or other graphic material for advertising, you might find this useful.

Shapes Icon under the Insert ribbon tab.

4. Smart Art
Generally, these are predefined sets of different shapes grouped together to form ideas that are
organizational or structural in nature. If you want to graphically represent an organization, process,
relationships, or flow for infographic documents, then you will find this easy and handy to use.

5. Chart
Another type of material that you can integrate in your Word document that allows you to represent data
characteristics and trends. This is quite useful when you are preparing reports that correlate and present data
in a graphical manner. You can create charts that can be integrate in your document either directly in Microsoft
Word or imported from external files like Microsoft Excel.
Chart – Used to illustrate and compare data.
6. Screenshot
Sometimes, creating reports or manuals for training or procedures will require the integration of a more
realistic image of what you are discussing on your report or manual. Nothing can get you a more realistic
image than a screenshot. Microsoft Word even provides a snipping tool for your screen shots so you can select
and display only the part that you exactly like to capture on your screen.

III. Image Placement

Layout of text wrapping options.

A. In Line with Text
This is the default setting for images that are
inserted or integrated in your document. It treats your
image like a text font with the bottom side totally aligned
with the text line. This setting is usually used when you
need to place your image at the beginning of a
paragraph. When placed between texts in a paragraph
or a sentence, it distorts the overall appearance and
arrangement of the texts in the paragraph because it will
take up the space it needs vertically, pushing whole
lines of texts upward.
B. Square
This setting allows the image you inserted to be
placed anywhere with the paragraph with the text going
around the image in a square pattern like frame.
C. Tight
This is almost the same as the Square setting, but here the text “hug” or conforms to the general shape
of the image. This allows you to get a more creative effect on your document. This setting can mostly be
achieved if you are using an image that supports transparency like a .GIF or .PNG file.
D. Through
This setting allows the text on your document to flow even tighter taking the contours and shape of the
image. Again, this can be best used with .GIF or .PNG type of image.
E. Top and Bottom
This setting pushes the texts away vertically to the top and/or the bottom of the image so that the image
occupies a whole text line on its own.
F. Behind Text
This allows your image to be dragged and placed anywhere on your document but with all the texts
floating in front of it. It effectively makes your image look like a background.
G. In Front of Text
As it suggests, this setting allows your image to be placed right on top of the text as if your image was
dropped right on it. That means whatever part of the text you placed the image on, it will be covered by the
image.
IV. Key Terms
 Mail Merge – a feature that allows you to create documents and combine or merge them with another
document or data file.
 Form Document – the document that contains the main body of the message we want to convey or
send.
 Data File – includes the individual information or data or the recipient’s information.
 Merge Field/Place Holder – marks the position on your form document where individual data or
information will be inserted.
 .JPG – file extension for the Joint Photographic Experts Group picture file.
 .PNG – file extension for Portable Network Graphics image file.
 .GIF – file extension for the Graphics Interchange Format image file.
 Clipart – line art drawings or images used as a generic representation for ideas and objects.
 Smart Art – predefined sets of different shapes grouped together to form ideas that are organizational
or structural in nature.
 Text Wrap – adjusts how the image behaves around other objects or text.

Lesson 4: Advanced Spreadsheet Skills

Listed below are the formulas used in Microsoft Excel:

=Sum(range) – compute the total of all items in the specified range.

=Average(range) – get the average of the items in a range.
=Count(range) – count the values found in the range.
=Max(range) – get the largest value within the range.
=Min(range) – get the smallest value within the range.
=COUNTIF (range, criteria) - used to count the cells with specified content within a range.
=SUMIF (range, criteria) - used to compute for the summation of a range if a certain condition is met.
=AVERAGEIF (range, criteria) - used to compute for the average of a range if a certain condition is met.

Lesson 4: Advanced Presentation Skills

Powerpoint is a highly innovative and versatile program that can ensure a successful communication whether
you’re presenting in front of potential investors, a lecture theatre or simply in front of your colleagues. The
following are the five features you should be using-if youy aren’t already. Learn everything about these tips:
they will improve your presentation skills and allow you to communicate your message successfully. The five
features of powerpoint was:
1)adding smart art
2)Inserting Shapes
3)Inserting and Image
4)Slide Transitions
5)Adding Animations
Creating an Effective Presentation

1. Minimize: Keep slides counts to a minimum to maintain a clear message and to keep the audience attentive.
Remember that the presentation is just a visual aid. Most information should still come from the reporter.
2.Clarity: Avoid being to fancy by using font style that is easy to read. Make sure that it is also big enough to be
read by the audience. Once you start making your presentation, consider how big the screen is during your
report.
3.Simplicity: Use bullets or short sentences. Summarize the information on the screen to have your audience
focus on what the speaker is saying than on reading the slide. Limit the content to six lines and seven words per
line. This is known as the 6 x 7 rule.
4. Visual: Use graphics to help in your presentation but not too many to distract the audience. In addition, instead
of using table of data, use charts and graphs.
5. Consistency: Make your design uniform. Avoid having different font styles and backgrounds.
6. Contrast: Use a light font on dark background or vice versa. This is done so that it is easier to read. In most
instances, it is easier to read on screen if the background is dark. This is due to the brightness of the screen.
Hyperlink
A hyperlink is a word, phrase, or image that you can click on to jump to a new document or a new section within
the current document. Hyperlinks are found in nearly all Web pages, allowing users to click their way from page
to page. Text hyperlinks are often blue and underlined, but don't have to be. When you move the cursor over a
hyperlink, whether it is text or an image, the arrow should change to a small hand pointing at the link. When you
click it, a new page or place in the current page will open.

Inserting a hyperlink
1. Open Microsoft Word.
2. Type the appropriate text in the Word document.
3. With your mouse or keyboard, highlight the text you want to turn into a hyperlink. For example, in the picture
below, the text "ComputerHope website" is highlighted.

4. In the menu bar or Ribbon at the top of the Word program window, click the Insert tab.
5. On the Insert tab, in the Links section, click the Hyperlink or Link option.
6. In the Insert Hyperlink window, type in the web page address you want to set the highlighted text to link to in
the Address text field, then click OK.

Lesson 6: Imaging and Design for Online Environment

This lesson is all about Imaging and Design for Online Environment, which shows how to get the hand of basic
principles of graphics and layout, creating infographics, online file formats for images, and so on.
sample of an infographic

The most visited site on earth is Google, as per alexa.com . Google was ranked number one on alexa.com, a website
known for ranking web page popularity.

screenshot of the google home page from google.com.sa

alexa.com

What has also been discussed in this lesson are the basic principles of graphics and layout.

The Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout

 Balance. The visual weight of objects, texture, colours, and space is evenly distributed on the screen.

sample illustration of balance

(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZaQPFuqpAo8/TM6SXAtvNkI/AAAAAAAAASw/4EScP-
SpmwE/s1600/balance+in+graphic+design.jpg)
 Emphasis. An area in the design that may appear different in size, texture, shape, or color to attract the viewer's
attention.

sample illustration of emphasis

 Movement. Visual elements that guide the viewer's eyes around the screen.

sample illustration of movement

(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZaQPFuqpAo8/TM6SXAtvNkI/AAAAAAAAASw/4EScP-
SpmwE/s1600/balance+in+graphic+design.jpg)

 Pattern, repetition, and rhythm. These are the repeating visual elements on an image or layout to create unity
in the layout or image.

sample illustration of pattern, repetition, and rhythm

(http://www.designorate.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/design-principles-
01.jpg)

 Proportion. Visual elements create a sense of unity where they relate well with one another.

Proportion (http://char.txa.cornell.edu/language/principl/fish.gif)

 Variety. This uses several design elements to draw a viewer's attention.

Also known as Information Graphics, these are used to represent information, statistical date, or knowledge in a
graphical manner usually done in a creative way to attract the viewer's attention.

Infographics make complex data become more visually appealing to an average user.

Above shown is an example of an infographic, illustrating education around the world.

Information graphics can be made using the website called Piktochart (piktochart.com).

Lesson 7