89

REFERENCES

1. Adeel Waqas and Kumar, S. “Thermal performance of latent heat

storage for free cooling of buildings in a dry and hot climate: An
experimental study”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 43, pp. 2621-2630,
2011.

2. Ahmet Sar and Kamil Kaygusuz, “Thermal performance of myristic

acid as a phase change material for energy storage application”,
Renewable Energy, Vol. 24, pp. 303-317, 2001.

3. Alvaro de Gracia, Lidia Rincon, Albert Castell, Melanie Jimenez,

Dieter Boer, Marc Medrano and Luisa F. Cabeza, “Life Cycle
Assessment of the inclusion of phase change materials (PCM) in
experimental buildings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, pp. 1517-1523,
2010.

4. Ana Lazaro, Pablo Dolado, Jose M. Marin and Belen Zalba, “PCM-air
heat exchangers for free-cooling applications in buildings: Empirical
model and application to design”, Energy Conversion and
Management, Vol. 50, pp. 444-449, 2009.

5. Ana M. Borreguero, Luz Sanchez M., Jose Luis Valverde, Manuel

Carmona and Juan F. Rodriguez, “Thermal testing and numerical
simulation of gypsum wallboards incorporated with different PCMs
content”, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, pp. 930-937, 2011.

6. Angela, Evers, C., Mario A. Medina, and Yuan Fang, “Evaluation of

the thermal performance of frame walls enhanced with paraffin and
hydrated salt phase change materials using a dynamic wall simulator”,
Building and Environment, Vol. 45, pp. 1762-1768, 2010.

7. Athienitis, A.K., Liu, C., Hawes, D., Banu, D. and Feldman, D.

“Investigation of the thermal performance of a passive solar test-room
with wall latent heat storage”, Building Environment, Vol. 32,
pp. 405-410, 1997.

8. Belen Zalba, Jose M. Mar n, Luisa F. Cabeza and Harald Mehling,

“Free-cooling of buildings with phase change materials”, International
Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 27, pp. 839-849, 2004.
 90

9. Berroug, F., Lakhal, E.K., El Omari, M., Faraji, M. and El Qarniac, H.

“Thermal performance of a greenhouse with a phase change material
north wall”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 43, pp. 3027-3035, 2011.

10. Bogdan M. Diaconu and Mihai Cruceru, “Novel concept of composite

phase change material wall system for year-round thermal energy
savings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, pp. 1759-1772, 2010.

11. Bogdan M. Diaconu, Szabolcs Varga and Armando C. Oliveira,

“Experimental assessment of heat storage properties and heat transfer
characteristics of a phase change material slurry for air conditioning
applications”, Applied Energy, Vol. 87, pp. 620-628, 2010.

12. Carbonari, A., De Grassi, M., Di Perna, C. and Principi, P. “Numerical

and experimental analyses of PCM containing sandwich panels for
prefabricated walls”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 38, pp. 472-483,
2006.

13. Castell, A., Martorell, I., Medrano, M., Perez, G. and Cabeza, L.F.
“Experimental study of using PCM in brick constructive solutions for
passive cooling”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, pp. 534-540, 2010.

14. Cecilia Castellon, Marc Medrano, Joan Roca, Luisa F. Cabeza, Maria
E. Navarro, Ana I. Fernandez, Ana Lazaro and Belen Zalba, “Effect of
microencapsulated phase change material in sandwich panels”,
Renewable Energy, Vol. 35, pp. 2370-2374, 2010.

15. Chan, A.L.S. “Energy and environmental performance of building

facades integrated with phase change material in subtropical Hong
Kong”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 43, pp. 2947-2955, 2011.

16. Chao Chen, Haifeng Guo, Yuning Liu, Hailin Yue and Chendong, “A
new kind of phase change material (PCM) for energy-storing
wallboard”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, pp. 882-890, 2008.

17. Conrad Voelker, Oliver Kornadt and Milan Ostry, “Temperature

reduction due to the application of phase change materials”, Energy
and Buildings, Vol. 40, pp. 937-944, 2008.

18. Dale P. Bentz and Randy Turpin, “Potential applications of phase

change materials in concrete technology”, Cement and Concrete
Composites, Vol. 29, pp. 527-532, 2007.

19. Dariusz Heim, “Isothermal storage of solar energy in building

construction”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 35, pp. 788-796, 2010.
 91

20. Dariusz Heim and Joe A. Clarke, “Numerical modeling and thermal
simulation of PCM–gypsum composites with ESP-r”, Energy and
Buildings, Vol. 36, pp. 795-805, 2004.

21. Darkwa, K., O’Callaghan, P.W. and Tetlow, D. “Phase-change

drywalls in a passive-solar building”, Applied Energy, Vol. 83,
pp. 425-435, 2006.

22. Entrop, A.G., Brouwers, H.J.H. and Reinders, A.H.M.E. “Experimental

research on the use of micro-encapsulated Phase Change Materials to
store solar energy in concrete floors and to save energy in Dutch
houses”, Solar Energy, Vol. 85, pp. 1007-1020, 2011.

23. Esam M. Alawadhi, “Thermal analysis of a building brick containing

phase change material”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, pp. 351-357,
2008.

24. Esam M. Alawadhi and Hashem J. Alqallaf, “Building roof with

conical holes containing PCM to reduce the cooling load: Numerical
study”, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 52, pp. 2958-2964,
2011.

25. Feldman, D., Banu, D., Hawes, D. and Ghanbari, E. “Obtaining an

energy storing building material by direct incorporation of an organic
phase change material in gypsum wallboard”, Solar Energy Materials,
Vol. 22, pp. 231-242, 1991.

26. Feng Jiang, Xin Wang and Yinping Zhang, “A new method to estimate
optimal phase change material characteristics in a passive solar room”,
Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 52, pp. 2437-2441, 2011.

27. Francois Mathieu-Potvin and Louis Gosselin, “Thermal shielding of

multilayer walls with phase change materials under different transient
boundary conditions”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences,
Vol. 48, pp. 1707-1717, 2009.

28. Frederic Kuznik and Joseph Virgone, “Experimental assessment of a

phase change material for wall building use”, Applied Energy, Vol. 86,
pp. 2038-2046, 2009.

29. Frederic Kuznik, Joseph Virgone and Jean Noel, “Optimization of a

phase change material wallboard for building use”, Applied Thermal
Engineering, Vol. 28, pp. 1291-1298, 2008.
 92

30. Frederic Kuznik, Joseph Virgone and Jean-Jacques Roux, “Energetic

efficiency of room wall containing PCM wallboard: A full-scale
experimental investigation”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, pp. 148-156,
2008.

31. Frederic Kuznik, Joseph Virgone and Kevyn Johannes, “In-situ study
of thermal comfort enhancement in a renovated building equipped with
phase change material wallboard”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 36,
pp. 1458-1462, 2011.

32. Ghoneim, A. A., Klein, S. A. and Duffie, J. A. “Analysis of collector

storage building walls using phase change materials”, Solar Energy,
Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 237-242, 1991.

33. Griffiths, P.W. and Eames, P.C. “Performance of chilled ceiling panels
using phase change material slurries as the heat transport medium”,
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 27, pp. 1756-1760, 2007.

34. Guobing Zhou, Yongping Yang, Xin Wang and Shaoxiang Zhou,
“Numerical analysis of effect of shape-stabilized phase change
material plates in a building combined with night ventilation”, Applied
Energy, Vol. 86, pp. 52-59, 2009.

35. Guobing Zhou, Yongping Yang and Hong Xu, “Energy performance of
a hybrid space-cooling system in an office building using SSPCM
thermal storage and night ventilation”, Solar Energy, Vol. 85, pp. 477-485,
2011.

36. Guobing Zhou, Yongping Yang and Hong Xu, “Performance of shape-
stabilized phase change material wallboard with periodical outside heat
flux waves”, Applied Energy, Vol. 88, pp. 2113-2121, 2011.

37. Hadjieva, M., Stoykov, R. and Filipova, Tz. “Composite salt-hydrate

concrete system for building energy storage”, Renewable Energy,
Vol.19, pp. 111-115, 2000.

38. Halawa, E. and Saman, W. “Thermal performance analysis of a phase

change thermal storage unit for space heating”, Renewable Energy,
Vol. 36, pp. 259-264, 2011.

39. Halawa, E., Bruno, F. and Saman, W. “Numerical analysis of a PCM

thermal storage system with varying wall temperature”, Energy
Conversion and Management, Vol. 46, pp. 2592-2604, 2005.
 93

40. Halford, C.K. and Boehm, R.F. “Modeling of phase change material
peak load shifting”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 39, pp. 298-305, 2007.

41. Hawes, D.W., Feldman, D. and Banu, D. “Latent heat storage in

building materials”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 20, pp. 77-86, 1993.

42. Huang, M.J., Eames, P.C. and Hewitt, N.J. “The application of a
validated numerical model to predict the energy conservation potential
of using phase change materials in the fabric of a building”, Solar
Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 90, pp. 1951-1960, 2006.

43. Huang, M.J., Eames, P.C. and Norton, B. “Thermal regulation of

building-integrated photo-voltaics using phase change materials”,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 47, pp. 2715-2733,
2004.

44. Huanzhi Zhang and Xiaodong Wang, “Synthesis and properties of

microencapsulated n-octadecane with poly urea shells containing
different of t segments for heat energy storage and thermal regulation”,
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 93, pp. 1366-1376, 2009.

45. Hui Li, Xu Liu and Guiyin Fang, “Preparation and characteristics of n-
nonadecane /cement composites as thermal energy storage materials in
buildings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, pp. 1661-1665, 2010.

46. Ismail, K.A.L. and Henriquez, J.R. “Thermally effective windows with
moving phase change material curtains”, Applied Thermal Engineering,
Vol. 21, pp. 1909-1923, 2001.

47. Jianli Li, Ping Xue, Hong He, Wenying Ding and Jinmin Han,
“Preparation and application effects of a novel form-stable phase
change material as the thermal storage layer of an electric floor heating
system”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 41, pp. 871-880, 2009.

48. Jianli Li, Ping Xue, Hong He, Wenying Ding and Jinmin Han,
“Preparation and application effects of a novel form-stable phase
change material as the thermal storage layer of an electric floor heating
system”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 41, pp. 871-880, 2009.

49. Jo Darkwa, “Mathematical evaluation of a buried phase change

concrete cooling system for buildings”, Applied Energy, Vol. 86,
pp. 706-711, 2009.
 94

50. Karlessi, T., Santamouris, M., Synnefa, A., Assimakopoulos, D.,

Didaskalopoulos, P. and Apostolakis, K. “Development and testing of
PCM doped cool coloured coatings to mitigate urban heat island and
cool buildings”, Building and Environment, Vol. 46, pp. 570-576,
2011.

51. Kousksou, T. and Bruel, P. “Encapsulated phase change material under

cyclic pulsed heat load”, International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol.33,
pp. 1648-1656, 2010.

52. Kuznik, F. and Virgone, J. “Experimental investigation of wallboard

containing phase change material: Data for validation of numerical
modelling”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 41, pp. 561-570, 2009.

53. Li Huang, Marcus Petermann and Christian Doetsch, “Evaluation of

paraffin / water emulsion as a phase change slurry for cooling
applications”, Energy, Vol. 34, pp. 1145-1155, 2009.

54. Luisa F. Cabeza, Cecilia Castellon, Miquel Nogues, Marc Medrano,

Ron Leppers and Oihana Zubillaga, “Use of microencapsulated PCM
in concrete walls for energy savings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 39,
pp.113-119, 2007.

55. Lv Shilei, Zhu Neng and Feng Guohui, “Eutectic mixtures of capric
acid and lauric acid applied in building wallboards for heat energy
storage”, Energy and Buildings Vol. 38, pp. 708-711, 2006.

56. Lv Shilei, Zhu Neng and Feng Guohui, “Impact of phase change wall
room on indoor thermal environment in winter”, Energy and Buildings,
Vol. 38, pp. 18-24, 2006.

57. Maha Ahmad, Andre Bontemps, Hebert Sallee and Daniel Quenard,
“Thermal testing and numerical simulation of a prototype cell using
light wallboards coupling vacuum isolation panels and phase change
material”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 38, pp. 673-681, 2006.

58. Maha Ahmad, Andre Bontemps, Hebert Sallee and Daniel Quenard,
“Experimental investigation and computer simulation of thermal
behaviour of wallboards containing a phase change material”, Energy
and Buildings, Vol. 38, pp. 357-366, 2006.

59. Manuel Ibanez, Ana Lazaro, Belen Zalba and Luisa F. Cabeza, “An
Approach to the simulation of PCMs in building applications using
TRNSYS”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 25, pp. 1796-1807,
2005.
 95

60. Mario A. Medina, Jennifer B. King and Meng Zhang, “On the heat
transfer rate reduction of structural insulated panels (SIPs) outfitted
with phase change materials (PCMs)”, Energy, Vol. 33, pp. 667-678,
2008.

61. Markus Koschenz and Beat Lehmann, “Development of a thermally

activated ceiling panel with PCM for application in lightweight and
retrofitted buildings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 36, pp. 567-578,
2004.

62. Ming JunHuang, “The effect of using two PCMs on the thermal
regulation performance of BIPV systems”, Solar Energy Materials and
Solar Cells, Vol. 95, pp. 957-963, 2011.

63. Ming Liu, Wasim Saman and Frank Bruno, “Validation of a

mathematical model for encapsulated phase change material flat slabs
for cooling applications”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 31,
pp. 2340-2347, 2011.

64. Miroslaw Zukowski, “Mathematical modeling and numerical

simulation of a short term thermal energy storage system using phase
change material for heating applications”, Energy Conversion and
Management, Vol. 48, pp. 155-165, 2007.

65. Mohamed Rady, “Granular phase change materials for thermal energy
storage: Experiments and numerical simulations”, Applied Thermal
Engineering, Vol. 29, pp. 3149-3159, 2009.

66. Mohamed Rady, “Thermal performance of packed bed thermal energy

storage units using multiple granular phase change composites”,
Applied Energy, Vol. 86, pp. 2704-2720, 2009.

67. Muriset, C., Egolf, P.W., Vuarnoz, D. and Haas, P. “Lowering and
phase shifting of temperature profiles with phase change materials in
Minergie houses”, International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 33,
pp. 1670-1675, 2010.

68. Na Zhu, Shengwei Wang, Xinhua Xu and Zhenjun Ma, “A Simplified

dynamic model of building structures integrated with shaped-stabilized
phase change materials”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences,
Vol. 49, pp. 1722-1731, 2010.
 96

69. Na Zhu, Shengwei Wang, Zhenjun Ma and Yongjun Sun, “Energy

performance and optimal control of air-conditioned buildings with
envelopes enhanced by phase change materials”, Energy Conversion
and Management, Vol. 52, pp. 3197-3205, 2011.
70. Nagano, K., Takeda, S., Mochida, T., Shimakura, K. and Nakamura, T.
“Study of a floor supply air conditioning system using granular phase
change material to augment building mass thermal storage-Heat
response in small scale experiments”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 38,
pp. 436-446, 2006.
71. Parameshwaran, R., Harikrishnan, S. and Kalaiselvam, S. “Energy
efficient PCM-based variable air volume air conditioning system for
modern buildings”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, pp. 1353-1360,
2010.
72. Pasupathy, A. and Velraj, R. “Effect of double layer phase change
material in building roof for year round thermal management”, Energy
and Buildings, Vol. 40, pp. 193-203, 2008.
73. Pasupathy, A., Athanasius, L., Velraj, R. and Seeniraj, R.V.
“Experimental investigation and numerical simulation analysis on the
thermal performance of a building roof incorporating phase
change material (PCM) for thermal management”, Applied Thermal
Engineering, Vol. 28, pp. 556-565, 2008.
74. Peippo, K., Kauranen, P. and Lund, P. D. “A multi component PCM
wall optimized for passive solar heating”, Energy and Buildings,
Vol. 17, pp. 259-270, 1991.
75. Ruolang Zeng, Xin Wang, Binjiao Chen, Yinping Zhang, Jianlei Niu,
Xichun Wang and Hongfa Di, “Heat transfer characteristics of
microencapsulated phase change material slurry in laminar flow under
constant heat flux”, Applied Energy, Vol. 86, pp. 2661-2670, 2009.
76. Saman, W., Bruno, F. and Halawa, E. “Thermal performance of PCM
thermal storage unit for a roof integrated solar heating system”, Solar
Energy, Vol. 78, pp. 341-349, 2005.
77. Sami A. Al-Sanea, “Thermal performance of building roof elements”,
Building and Environment, Vol. 37, pp. 665-675, 2002.
78. Shanmuga Sundaram, A., Seeniraj, R.V. and Velraj, R. “An
Experimental investigation on passive cooling system comprising
phase change material and two-phase closed thermosyphon for telecom
shelters in tropical and desert regions”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42,
pp. 1726-1735, 2010.
 97

79. Stritih, U. and Butala, V. “Experimental investigation of energy saving

in buildings with PCM cold storage”, International Journal of
Refrigeration, Vol. 33, pp. 1676-1683, 2010.

80. Tosun, M. and Dincer, K. “Modelling of a thermal insulation system

based on the coldest temperature conditions by using artificial neural
networks to determine performance of building for wall types in
Turkey”, International Journal of Refrigeration , Vol. 34, pp. 362 -373,
2011.

81. Vakilaltojjar, S.M. and Saman, W. “Analysis and modelling of a phase

change storage system for air conditioning applications”, Applied
Thermal Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 249-263, 2001.

82. Waqar, A. Qureshi, Nirmal-Kumar, C. Nair and Mohammad M. Farid,

“Impact of energy storage in buildings on electricity demand side
management”, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 52,
pp. 2110-2120, 2011.

83. Wei Xiao, Xin Wang and Yinping Zhang, “Analytical optimization of
interior PCM for energy storage in a lightweight passive solar room”,
Applied Energy, Vol. 86, pp. 2013–2018, 2009.

84. Xiaoming Fang and Zhengguo Zhang, “A novel montmorillonite based

composite phase change material and its applications in thermal storage
building materials”, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 38, pp. 377-380, 2006.

85. Xichun Wang and Jianlei Niu, “Performance of cooled-ceiling

operating with MPCM slurry”, Energy Conversion and Management,
Vol. 50, pp. 583-591, 2009.

86. Xing Jin and Xiaosong Zhang “Thermal analysis of a double layer
phase change material floor”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 31,
pp.1576-1581, 2011.

87. Xu Xu , Yinping Zhang , Kunping Lin , Hongfa Di and Rui Yang,

“Modeling and simulation on the thermal performance of shape-
stabilized phase change material floor used in passive solar buildings”,
Energy and Buildings, Vol. 37, pp. 1084-1091, 2005.

88. Yanlai Zhang, Shuangfeng Wang, Zhonghao Rao and JiefeiXie,

“Experiment on heat storage characteristic of microencapsulated phase
change material slurry”, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,
Vol. 95, pp. 2726-2733, 2011.
 98

89. Yuichi Hamada and Jun Fukai, “Latent heat thermal energy storage
tanks for space heating of buildings: Comparison between calculations
and experiments”, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 46,
pp. 3221-3235, 2005.

90. Zhaolin Gu, Hongjuan Liu and Yun Li, “Thermal energy recovery of
air conditioning system––heat recovery system calculation and phase
change materials development”, Applied Thermal Engineering,
Vol. 24, pp. 2511-2526, 2004.