Rotating Machines

ERECTION STANDARD
Rotating Machines
Projects and Customer’s Information:
Revision History
Rev. Revision Date Created by Checked by Approved by Description
Description latest Revision:
Cross checked
Department Name Date Signature
Main Contractor
ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD. , Brown Boveri Strasse 7, CH 5401-Baden

Replaces Scale ALSTOM Document Code
FUJ/00/M/MCE-------/EG/013
Responsible dept. Created by Checked by Approved by Format
PEC Josuran Ch. Zoeller M. Zoeller M. A4
Originator Document Type Document Status
Electronically released
Title, Subtitle Identification number
POWER SYSTEMS ERECTION STANDARD 1AHA072041
PLANT BUSINESS Rotating Machines Rev. Date Lang. Sheet
A 28.04.2008 83 1/19
25.04.2008
Template No.: GGG/00/-/EQA---/FT/302F (released with Work Instruction GGG/00/-/EQA---/WI/306)
© ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved. Please consider the environment before printing this document.
Electronically released RevA
valid only for Alstom scope of supply
Table of Contents:
1. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1. Logic diagram of operations............................................................................................................................. 4
2.2. Reference documents ..................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3. General requirements concerning works......................................................................................................... 6
3. BASEMENT LEVEL PREPARATION............................................................................................................... 6
3.1. Basement level inspection for erection purposes .......................................................................................... 6
3.2. Concrete basement level preparation............................................................................................................. 7
3.3. Metal basement level preparation.................................................................................................................. 7
4. INSTALLATION..................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1. General.............................................................................................................................................................. 7
4.2. Installation tolerances ....................................................................................................................................... 7
5. WEDGING .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
6. ALIGNMENT .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
6.1. Alignment chronology ....................................................................................................................................... 8
6.2. Execution of alignment .................................................................................................................................... 8
6.3. Allowable alignment tolerances....................................................................................................................... 8
7. TIGHTENING OF ANCHOR PIECES................................................................................................................ 9
8. PIPING CONNECTION.....................................................................................................................................10
8.1. Erection of pipes ..........................................................................................................................................10
8.2. Jointing ..........................................................................................................................................................10
8.3. Connection of the main pipes.......................................................................................................................11
9. INSPECTIONS...................................................................................................................................................11
9.1. Inspections of the basement level "for erection" ........................................................................................11
9.2. Equipment installation inspection................................................................................................................12
9.3. Alignment checking before jointing of pipes ...............................................................................................12
9.4 Checking of main pipes jointing ...................................................................................................................12
9.5. Alignment checking after piping connection ...............................................................................................12
9.6. Aignment checking after final setting of pipe elastic supports ....................................................................12
9.7. Checking of auxiliary mechanical equipment erection................................................................................12
9.8. Checking of instrumentation and control installation...................................................................................12
9.9. Miscellaneous ..............................................................................................................................................13
10. ATTACHMENTS ...............................................................................................................................................13
Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

ALSTOM ‌ POWER SYSTEMS 1AHA072041 A 28.04.2008 83 2/19
© ALSTOM 2007. All rights reserved.
10.1.1. Alignment of Rotating Machines .................................................................................................................13

10.1.2. Alignment and prealignment include 3 checkings of : ..............................................................................13
10.1.3. Adjustment of parallelism ............................................................................................................................15
10.1.4. Adjustment of concentricity .......................................................................................................................16
10.2. Calculation of tolerances for SEMI-FLEXIBLE coupling............................................................................18

1. SCOPE
The present document collects the general recommendations and/or requirements concerning the
erection of rotating machines and particularly:
• motor-driven feedwater pumps
• miscellaneous motor-driven pumps
Given the wide range and diverse nature of the equipment concerned and especially the particular
requirements relating to some major components (such as feedwater pumps) the present document
can be amended or completed by specific rules mentioned in the Erection Instructions (EI) and/or
Erection Quality Control Plan (EQ).
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Logic diagram of operations
The extent of the works and inspections to be performed for erection of rotating machines is
shown by the following logic principle diagram:

Inspection of basement
level for erection
Preparation of basement level
Placing of equipment
Prealignment of the rotating

machines not arranged on a
common frame
"Equipment location" inspection
Alignment with anchor bolts

tightened to their rated torque
Grouting
Alignment checking prior to pipe
jointing
Jointing of main piping
Checking of main piping jointing
Main piping connections
Alignment checking after main

piping connection
Final adjustment of the elastic

supports of the main piping
Alignment checking after final

adjustment of the elastic
supports of main piping
Installation of auxiliary
mechanical equipment
(coolers, pipes, ...)
Miscellaneous mechanical
equipment erection checking
X Installation of instrumentation
and control equipment
Instrumentation and control
equipment erection checking X

2.2. Reference documents
The basic documents at the Erection Subcontractor's disposal are:
• The civil works conformance report relating to basement level
• The tolerances allowed for civil works execution (Erection Standard : EG 101)
• The equipment manufacturing drawing
• The general arrangement drawing (GA) or the piping arrangement drawing (PA)
• The list of equipment and accessories for the equipment concerned and the corresponding
warehouse issue slip
• The erection instruction (EI) with erection drawings and documents
• The erection quality control plan (EQ)
2.3. General requirements concerning works
The access and erection areas must be kept tidy and clean
During erection, all necessary steps shall be taken to protect the surrounding equipment and
the equipment waiting for erection
3. BASEMENT LEVEL PREPARATION
3.1. Basement level inspection for erection purposes
The Erection Subcontractor performs the following operations :
Materialization on the basement level :

• of the theoretical equipment installation axes
• of a reference level
Checking of :
• location with regard to the theoretical axes
• basement level geometry
• surface conditions of basement level and anchor holes
• location of anchor bars in anchor holes
• visuel examination of foundations to search for apparent construction and erection defects
and faults (cracks, deformations, assembly of metal foundations, ...)
Once these inspections have been performed, the Erection Subcontractor :
• gives his inspection report stamped "issued for erection"

• or transmits his observations with request for bringing the basement level to its final
form (civil works basement or metal support)
• or proposes a new installation.

3.2. Concrete basement level preparation
• Careful concrete surfacing at the shims

• Checking of dimensions, flatness and horizontality of the supports thus arranged
3.3. Metal basement level preparation

• Cleaning of basement levels
• Elimination of the defects caused by any possible damage (shocks for instance)
4. INSTALLATION
4.1. General
Rotating machines can be delivered :
• on rigid frames, mounted and set in workshop
• in separate elements with shaft line to be assembled on Site
Refer to :
• the relevant Erection Instruction (EI) for :
• location and orientation
• special instructions
Equipment must be installed with respect to the theoretical reference axes of the
installation building or area
4.2. Installation tolerances

Tolerances to be adopted unless stated otherwise in the Erection Instruction (EI) concerned :
Installation with respect to the theoretical reference axes :
• arrangement : ± 5 mm
• level : ± 5 mm
• Verticality (perpendicularity deviation) = ± 0.3 mm per metre
• Horizontality = ± 0.3 mm per metre
5. WEDGING
Arranged on each side of each anchor bolt, and as close as possible to the anchor holes (or bolts
in case of metal foundations)
Wedging height on concrete foundations : above 30 mm
Reduce to the minimum the number of wedges to be stacked while respecting the stipulated height
The wedges shall be dimensioned (length x width) as specified on the documents attached to
the construction package cleaned and burred

The temporary wedges (screws jacks for instance) provided to make final wedging easier,
must imperatively be removed before the anchor bolts are tightened to their rated torque
The jacks-wedges definitely embedded in grouting mortar shall be blocked by tack-welds after
the last alignment checking and before the grouting mortar is poured
6. ALIGNMENT
6.1. Alignment chronology
Considering the type of the machine, all or some of the following alignments must be carried out
Prealignment : only for the machines not installed on a common frame
Alignment prior to pipe jointing :

• before pouring the grouting and wedging mortars
• after tightening of the anchor bolts to their rated torque
Alignment after pipe connection
Alignment after final adjustment of the elastic supports of the main pipes
6.2. Execution of alignment
Alignment comprises 3 types of operation :

• adjustment of the distance between shaft ends or coupling plates
• axial positioning of axes
• radial positioning of axes
Appendix 1 details a method for aligning 2 axes
Alignment is performed with "cold machines"
The cold position of shafts is defined in the relevant Erection Instructions (EI), when the
shaft deformations and displacements affect the alignment
NOTE :
For spring mounted foundations ; shaft alignment is not affected by loading and adjustment of
spring supports. Nevertheless it is recommended that the couplings stay open during these
operations for control measurement
6.3. Allowable alignment tolerances
Unless stated otherwise in the Manufacturer's drawing or Erection Instructions (EI), the tolerances
are as follows :

Semi-flexible couplings with rubber inserts
For the same coupling, the allowable tolerances vary with the rotation speed
The alignment is satisfactory if the 3 following conditions are met :
• Parallelism : maxi angle difference (EA) = 16 Fv Od/10000

• Concentricity : maxi radius difference (ER) = 16 Fv Od/10000
• Maxi (EA + ER) = 16 Fv Od/10000
Where Fv is the speed factor calculated by means of the abacus of Appendix 2, Od is the
outside diameter of the half coupling
Rigid couplings
• Parallelism : 0.01 mm max. on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 1/10000)

• Concentricity : 0.02 mm max
Flexible couplings
• Parallelism : 0.05 mm max on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 5/10000)

• Concentricity : 0.20 mm
Tooth couplings
• Parallelism
• Max. : 0.025 mm for n = 1 800 rpm max. on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 2.5/10000)
• Min. : 0.015 mm for n > 1 800 rpm on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 1.5/10000)
where n = number of revolutions per minute
Concentricity (tolerance in event of misalignment) :

• Max. : 0.05 mm for n = 1 800 rpm max
• Min. : 0.03 mm for n > 1 800 rpm
Clearance between the coupling hubs : ± 0.5 mm
NOTE : Before measuring the clearance between hubs, make sure that :
• The possible axial rotor locking device has in fact been removed
• The free rotor of an electric motor is in the correct position with a ± 0.3 mm tolerance
7. TIGHTENING OF ANCHOR PIECES
Nuts : mounted lubricated
Tightening torque to be adopted tolerances ± 5 % if the erection instruction (EI) or its

appendices specify no special value
∅ bolt
14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30 33 36
mm
Torque
value m 3,5 5,5 7,5 10,5 14 18,5 27 33,5 50 64
daN

Tighten all anchor bolts progressively
8. PIPING CONNECTION
8.1. Erection of pipes
The pipes absolutely must be erected by starting from the fixed point of the piping so as to end in the
machine pipe. In no case shall erection be started by fixing the piping onto the machine
When designing the piping execution and prefabrication, extra-lengths are to be provided so as to
adjust the pipe sections arranged as close as possible to the machine in the 3 planes
8.2. Jointing
Before beginning any jointing operation, check that the protecting covers have in fact been placed on
the machine pipes to prevent any foreign matter from entering the machine.
Jointing is satisfactory only if :
All the welds on the piping jointed to the machine are made
(up to the first fixed point support, at least)
All hangers between the fixed point and the machine are free and set on "cold piping" position,
in conformity with the instructions shown on the supports drawings
The flange facings are parallel and centered, taking account of the tolerances given hereafter
The clearance between the flange facings complies with the type of connection to be made
(flanges or welds)
Flange-type jointing
During the checking of the jointing, the flange/pipe weld must be totally carried out and checked.
Unless specified otherwise in the erection instruction (EI), the preliminary connection tolerances
to be complied with are the following :
• Parallelism : < 0.1 mm for pipe ∅ < 12"
< 0.3 mm for pipe 12" < ∅ < 24"
< 0.5 mm for pipe ∅ > 24"
• Concentricity : The flange fixing bolts must be put into place manually without forcing
and particularly without applying any load or thrust on the pipe whatsoever.
Weld-type
The preliminary connection tolerances are those applying to butt-welding and specified in the
Piping Welding Standards or in the relevant Erection Instructions (EI)

8.3. Connection of the main pipes
Before connection check that the piping preliminary connection complies with the instructions
specified in item 82
To prevent any risk of electric striking between the various machine internals during the welding
operations, make sure that :
The grounding terminal is well connected to the general grounding circuit of the Power Plant
The grounding connector is well fastened to the machine frame
Welds are made in conformity with the Piping Welding Rules. The machine-to-pipe heterogeneous
welding processes shall be specified in the Erection Instructions (EI)
For connections by welded joints :
- Realize only one joint at a time on the same shaft line
- Check the alignment before proceeding to any welded connection of main pipes
- Take all necessary arrangements to prevent any deformations of the machine, e.g. realize the
weld according to the method of the "Quarters opposite" to 2 welders
- Make sure that the machine has not undergone any deformation during welding, so that
the adequate measures can be taken as soon as a deformation is detected
- The inspection points specific to the machine are defined in the erection instruction (EI)
The corrective actions selected shall receive the approval of the erection supervision department.
9. INSPECTIONS
The following list is not exhaustive. It defines the minimum inspection to be performed by the
Erection Subcontractor. In addition to these inspections, the Erection Subcontractor must take all the
necessary steps to ensure erection quality
The inspections specified hereafter shall be detailed in the Erection Quality Control Plan (EQ) which
may be completed or amended by the Erection Instructions (EI)
9.1. Inspections of the basement level "for erection"
Visual examination to detect the visible defects

Layout and materialization of the theoretical equipment axes
Basement level altitude
Horizontality of the basement upper part
Dimensions of the basement(s) (geometry)
Installation of the basement(s) with respect to the theoretical equipment axes
Anchoring or fixing holes (number, location, dimensions, installation & location of the anchor bars)
Chipping of the basement surface

9.2. Equipment installation inspection
Surface conditions, dimensions, flatness, horizontality of base levels for metal wedges
Position of the theoretical axes of the equipment or of a set of elements connected one to another
Horizontality and verticality
Orientation of equipment with respect to the reference axes of the building
relative position of the machines
preliminary alignment of the independant machines
9.3. Alignment checking before jointing of pipes
Torque load of anchor bolts

Alignment
9.4 Checking of main pipes jointing
Erection of pipes up to the first fixed point with setting of supports
Characteristics of each jointing and in particular :

• Parallelism of flanges
• Centering of the pipe on the nozzle
• Clearance between the sides to be assembled
9.5. Alignment checking after piping connection
Checking of connecting welds on machines

Alignment
9.6. Aignment checking after final setting of pipe elastic supports
Filling of the pipes conveying water

Complete thermal insulation of pipes
Unlocking of elastic supports
Alignment
9.7. Checking of auxiliary mechanical equipment erection
Refer to the Erection Standards relative to the corresponding equipment

(fabricated components, piping, ....)
9.8. Checking of instrumentation and control installation
Refer to the Construction Data Package for Instrumentation

9.9. Miscellaneous
Protection of the equipment being erected and of the surrounding equipment as well.
Inner and outer cleanliness of equipment after erection
10. ATTACHMENTS
10.1.1. Alignment of Rotating Machines

Miscellaneous measuring instruments can be used for the alignment operations and, in particular :
For alignment truing (preliminary alignment) :

• fitter setting gauge
• set of adjusting shims
For alignment :
• comparators
• set of shims (normal or oblique)
These instruments are supplied by the Subcontractor charged with realizing or checking
the alignment
Alignment is to be ensured by a qualified fitter perfectly familiarized with the usual procedures
associated with this king of work
10.1.2. Alignment and prealignment include 3 checkings of :
• distance between both shaft ends

• parallelism
• concentricity
When defining the concentricity corrections, do not forget to take account of the possible shaft line
shifting defined in an Appendix to the relevant Erection Instructions (EI)
Before performing the various alignment measurements, make the machines provided with journal
bearings rotate a few turns so as to get an oil film
The various alignment measurements require the simultaneous rotation of both shafts as if they were
connected

4 fixed points to be marked on the body of one of the machines (12 o'clock,
3 o'clock, 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock) according to 2 perpendicular axes (one vertical axis and one
horizontal axis - see fig. 1 hereafter)
2 diametrally opposed A and B generatrices to be marked on both half-coupling sleeves

(see figure 1 hereafter)
FIGURE 1
The distance between the coupling hubs must be adjusted according to the Manufacturer's drawing
so as to respect the functional axial clearances
Distances shall be checked only after adjustment of the rotors within their respective
axial clearances

10.1.3. Adjustment of parallelism

Use one or two comparators (normal mounting or mounting with return level). If the measurement
cannot be made by means of a comparator, sets of shims may exceptionally be used
Make both machines rotate simultaneously & after each quarter-turn, read the "a" and "b" values
at the vertical marks 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock or at the horizontal marks 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock
see figures 2, 3 and 4 hereafter for information
FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4
12 o'clock
Driven rotor Driving rotor a

Driven rotor Driving rotor
b
D
D 9 o'clock 3 o'clock
6 o'clock
Calculate average of the "a" & "b" values at the 2 o'clock, 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock points.
see figure 5 hereafter for information
FIGURE 5
a = 5.00
12 o'clock Average = 6.5 mm
b = 8.00
9 o'clock 3 o'clock
a = 6.25 a = 6.75
Average = 5.25 mm
b = 7.25 Average = 6.75 mm b = 3.75
a = 7.00
6 o'clock Average = 6.5 mm
b = 6.00
Example points out that "a" and "b" measurements made at the same place are not identical. This is
of minor importance for the measurement interpretation as an average of both these values is made
Interpret these averages. The difference between both averages of points facing one another
(either vertically or horizontally) gives the parallelism differences.

see figures 6 and 7 next page for information
FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7
12 o'clock Difference : 0
9 o'clock 3 o'clock
Difference : + 0.5 mm Difference : 0
6 o'clock Difference : 0
In this example, it will be observed that :
• Parallelism is correct in the vertical plane

• Parallelism is defective (0.5 mm clearance on 9 o'clock side) in the horizontal
plane
Parallelism differences must be less than those allowed for this machine. Otherwise
corrections shall be made util acceptable values are reached. In example above one of
the machines is to be moved in the horizontal plane for :
• Decreasing the 0.5 mm measure at 9 o'clock

• Increasing the 0.5 mm measure at 3 o'clock
10.1.4. Adjustment of concentricity

The comparator is to be arranged on the generatrix marked A
Make the machines rotate simultaneously and after each quarter-turn, read the "c" value at the
12 o'clock and 6 o'clock vertical marks and at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock horizontal marks
See figures 8, 9 and 10 hereafter for information
FIGURE 8 FIGURE 9 FIGURE 10

12 o'clock
C
9 o'clock 3 o'clock
C
6 o'clock
• Interpret these measurements
see figures 11, 12 and 13 hereafter, for information
FIGURE 11 FIGURE 12
Measurement readings Vertical distance and correction
12 o'clock 2c = 5.00 mm 12 o'clock Distance : 0
9 o'clock 3 o'clock Correction : 0.30 mim.

2c = 4.85 mm towards 12 o'clock
2c = 5.75 mm
6 o'clock 2c = 5.60 mm 6 o'clock Distance : + 0.60 mm
FIGURE 13
Horizontal distance and correction
9 o'clock 3 o'clock
Distance : 0 Distance :- 0.9 0 mm
Correction : 0.45 mm towards 9 o'clock

• The concentricity differences must be less than those allowed for this
machine.
Otherwise, corrections shall be made on the machine on comparator needle
side until acceptable values are reached
In example mentioned above, the rotor axis is to be moved even if the relevant Erection Instructions
(EI) does not specify any shaft line difference between "cold" and "hot" positions
• 0.30 mm (vertically) from 6 o'clock to 12 o'clock

• 0.45 mm (horizontally) from 3 o'clock to 9 o'clock
10.2. Calculation of tolerances for SEMI-FLEXIBLE coupling
Example :

- For a coupling with an outside diameter of 300 mm, with spacer, rotation speed of 3000 rpm :
Fv = 0.53
whence the following alignment tolerances :
16x0, 53x300
EA max. = : 0.25 mm at the outside diameter of the half couplings.
10000
ER max. = 0.25 mm
( EA + ER) max. = 0.25 mm


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ERECTION STANDARD

Projects and Customer’s Information:

Description latest Revision:

ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD. , Brown Boveri Strasse 7, CH 5401-Baden

valid only for Alstom scope of supply

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

10.1.1. Alignment of Rotating Machines .................................................................................................................13

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

• motor-driven feedwater pumps

• miscellaneous motor-driven pumps

2.1. Logic diagram of operations

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

Prealignment of the rotating

"Equipment location" inspection

Alignment with anchor bolts

Jointing of main piping

Checking of main piping jointing

Main piping connections

Alignment checking after main

Final adjustment of the elastic

Alignment checking after final

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

2.2. Reference documents

The basic documents at the Erection Subcontractor's disposal are:

• The civil works conformance report relating to basement level

• The equipment manufacturing drawing

• The erection instruction (EI) with erection drawings and documents

• The erection quality control plan (EQ)

2.3. General requirements concerning works

3. BASEMENT LEVEL PREPARATION

3.1. Basement level inspection for erection purposes

The Erection Subcontractor performs the following operations :

Materialization on the basement level :

Once these inspections have been performed, the Erection Subcontractor :

• gives his inspection report stamped "issued for erection"

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

3.2. Concrete basement level preparation

• Careful concrete surfacing at the shims

3.3. Metal basement level preparation

4.2. Installation tolerances

Wedging height on concrete foundations : above 30 mm

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

6.1. Alignment chronology

Prealignment : only for the machines not installed on a common frame

Alignment prior to pipe jointing :

Alignment after pipe connection

6.2. Execution of alignment

Alignment comprises 3 types of operation :

Appendix 1 details a method for aligning 2 axes

Alignment is performed with "cold machines"

6.3. Allowable alignment tolerances

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet

Semi-flexible couplings with rubber inserts

The alignment is satisfactory if the 3 following conditions are met :

• Parallelism : maxi angle difference (EA) = 16 Fv Od/10000

• Parallelism : 0.01 mm max. on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 1/10000)

• Parallelism : 0.05 mm max on a diameter of 100 mm (i.e 5/10000)

Concentricity (tolerance in event of misalignment) :

Clearance between the coupling hubs : ± 0.5 mm

7. TIGHTENING OF ANCHOR PIECES

Nuts : mounted lubricated

Tightening torque to be adopted tolerances ± 5 % if the erection instruction (EI) or its

Originator Identification number Rev. Date Lang. Sheet