Vaping Marijuana Gets You Way, Way

Higher Than Smoking It, Study Finds

By Brandon Specktor, Senior Writer | November 30, 2018 11:08am ET

Scientists have proved that inhaling vaporized marijuana will get you, like, way higher than
smoking the exact same amount of weed.
The new research, led by scientists at the Johns Hopkins Behavioral Pharmacology Research
Unit in Baltimore, tested the effects of smoked versus vaped marijuana on 17 participants who
had smoked marijuana before, though not in the 30 days before the study's start (participants had
smoked once in the last year, on average). Over the course of six 8.5-hour sessions, these
participants got very, very high for science.
The study was funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,
though one of the study's authors reported that he has previously received fees from, or consulted
for, companies with ties to cannabis. [25 Odd Facts About Marijuana]
During each session, participants either smoked or vaped a dose of marijuana containing 0
milligrams, 10mg or 25mg of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) — the primary psychoactive
component in cannabis. While each participant ended up both smoking and vaping all three
possible doses over their six sessions, they were blind to how much THC they were consuming
each time. The participants were kept in the dark in order to prevent bias while filling out a
subsequent drug-impairment questionnaire — which, as every pot enthusiast knows, is the most
fun thing you can do while super-high.
In addition to self-reporting how stoned they felt via questionnaire, participants were also
subjected to a battery of physical and cognitive tests throughout the duration of each high. The
stoners had their heart rates and blood pressures measured 10 times over 8 hours, and were asked
to complete computerized tasks that involved replicating shapes on a screen, solving simple
addition equations and responding to two different stimuli simultaneously with a mouse and a
computer keyboard. Again: The apex of weed-enabled fun.
The results of these tests showed that, first of all, inhaling a 25mg dose of THC will get you
really, really high, regardless of whether it was smoked or vaped. (After taking this dosage, two
participants vomited, and another experienced hallucinations.) Likewise, for both smokers and
vapers the majority of drug effects — including high heart rate, dry mouth, red eyes, paranoia
and the munchies — peaked within the first hour after getting high, and sometimes did not return
to baseline levels for more than 8 hours. (Often, these effects persisted for hours after the
participants' blood THC concentration returned to normal.)

Overall, the effects of vaping proved much more potent at every dosage.

"Vaporized cannabis produced significantly greater subjective drug effects, cognitive and
psychomotor impairment, and higher blood THC concentrations than the same doses of smoked
cannabis," the researchers wrote in their study, published today (Nov. 30) in the journal JAMA
Network Open.

At both the high and low doses, vaped weed resulted in significantly higher concentrations of
THC in participants' blood than smoked weed. And the vapers made roughly twice as many
mistakes on the cognitive tests and felt greater negative drug effects, including dry mouth, itchy
eyes and paranoia, than the smokers did.

Simply put: Vaporized weed got people higher. And, according to the researchers, their doses
weren't even that strong compared to what's commercially available.

"Notably, the highest dose of cannabis administered in this study (25mg of THC: 0.19 g; 13.4
percent THC) is substantially smaller and has a lower THC concentration than what is typically
contained in pre-rolled cannabis cigarettes available for purchase in cannabis dispensaries, which
commonly contain roughly 1.0 g of cannabis with THC concentrations often exceeding 18
percent," the study authors wrote.

With recreational weed now legal in nine American states and all throughout Canada, it's
important to remember that even moderate amounts of THC can have significant impairing
effects on casual consumers, and that not all methods of consuming cannabis are created equal.
Eating less not the best way to
lose weight, study shows
Published Friday 26 January 2018
By Ana Sandoiu
Fact checked by Honor Whiteman

New research, published in the journal Appetite, suggests that, when it comes
to dieting, it's not how much you eat — but rather, what you eat — that
influences calorie intake the most.

Faris Zuraikat, a graduate student in the Department of Nutritional Sciences at

Pennsylvania State University, led the new study, which follows up from a
previous 1-year randomized controlled trial that investigated how different
food portions influenced weight loss.

The former trial aimed to explore the so-called "portion size effect," which
occurs when people are served bigger portions than what they originally
wanted but end up eating more nonetheless.

To this end, the previous trial trained the participants to gain more control over
their portions, presenting them with useful strategies for portion size
management.

In this new trial study, the researchers wanted to see if people who had been
previously trained to manage their portions would respond differently to
increasing portion sizes by comparison with untrained people.

As the study's first author explains, the researchers "[w]ere also interested in
whether those untrained individuals with overweight and obesity or normal
weight differed in their response."
Calorie intake vs. portion size effect
To find out, the researchers gathered three groups of women: 34 women who
were overweight and had not participated in the previous trial, 29 healthy
"control" women who had a regular weight and who had also not participated
in the trial, and finally, 39 women with overweight and obesity who had taken
part in the portion-controlling trial.

During the study, all women were served the same foods once a week for 4
weeks, but the size of their food increased in a random order.

Additionally — and significantly — the calorie content of the food served also
varied. The foods ranged from high-calorie ones, such as garlic bread, to low-
calorie foods, such as salads.

The study revealed that when given bigger portions, the women across all
three groups consumed more food.

However, the participants who had been trained in portion control in the
previous trial consumed fewer calories than the untrained participants.

"The lower energy intake of trained participants was attributable to

consuming meals with a greater proportion of lower-[energy density]
foods than controls," write the authors.

"All the groups were served the same meals, but their food choices differed,"
explains the study's lead author. "The participants who went through the
training consumed more of the lower calorie-dense foods and less of the
higher calorie-dense foods than the untrained controls."
"Consequently, trained participants' calorie intake was less than that of the
control groups, whose intake didn't differ by weight status."

Why choosing low-calorie food is

important
The study's lead researcher explains the significance of the findings, saying,
"The results show that choosing healthy, lower-calorie-dense foods was more
effective and more sustainable than just trying to resist large portions of higher
calorie options."

"If you choose high-calorie-dense foods but restrict the amount that
you're eating, portions will be too small, and you're likely to get hungry,"
Zuraikat goes on.

Barbara Rolls, a professor of Nutritional Sciences at Penn State and a co-

author on the study, also chimes in.

"The study supports the idea that eating less of the higher-
calorie-dense foods and more of the nutritious, lower-calorie-
dense foods can help to manage hunger while consuming fewer
calories."
Barbara Rolls

"You still have a full plate," she adds, "but you're changing the proportions of
the different types of foods."

The findings are particularly significant given that people who want to
lose weight are often told that eating "a bit of everything" helps, as long
as the food is consumed in moderation.
On the contrary, the new research seems to suggest that opting for more
nutritious, low-calorie foods is far more important than trying to eat less.