CLIMATOLOGY III ( AR-209B)

CLIMATIC ZONES

BY-
Asst prof. Khurram Ali
Gateway College of architecture & Design
Sonipat, Haryana
Monday, July 18, 2016
 Intent

Climate has a major effect on building performance

and energy consumption. The process of identifying,
understanding and controlling climatic influences at
the building site is perhaps the most critical part of
building design. The key objectives of climatic design
include:

• To reduce energy cost of a building;

• To use "natural energy" instead of mechanical
system and power;
• To provide comfortable and healthy environment for
people.
Climatic Zone
 Earth’s climatic zones

At the geographic world map level, the Zonal classification is

based on maximum and minimum temperatures and the
temperature range as well as the total and seasonal
distribution of precipitation. A simple summary of climatic
zones is as follows:
Summary of climate zones
Climate zone Characteristics
Polar very cold and dry all year

Temperate cold winters and mild summers

Arid dry, hot all year

Tropical hot and wet all year
Mediterranean mild winters, dry hot summers
Mountains (Tundra) very cold all year
 Climatic Zones in India:

India possesses a large variety of climates ranging from

extremely hot desert regions to high altitude locations with
severely cold conditions. Within India it is possible to define
regions with distinct climates.

The five climates are :

1) Hot and Dry
2) Warm and Humid
3) Moderate
4) Cold
5) Composite.
 Climatic Zones in India:

The criteria of allocating any location in India to one of the first

five climate zones are that the defined conditions prevail for
more than six months. In cases where none of these categories
can be identified for six months or longer, the climatic zone is
called Composite.

On this basis, Bansal and Minke, 1988, originally produced the

Climatic Zones in India Map by evaluation of the mean monthly
data from 233 weather stations, and then delineating the six
climatic zones.
COMPOSITE
WARM AND HUMID
MODERATE
COLD AND SUNNY
COLD AND CLOUDY
HOT & DRY CLIMATE
 Comfort Zone

There are few climates on earth where the naked

person would survive and be comfortable. Even in
the warmest tropics, nights can be cool and a blanket
or some other protection is necessary. The ranges of
temperatures (and other thermal factors) which are
acceptable for people wearing the clothes of their
choice is referred to as the comfort zone.

From the human thermal comfort point-of-view four

major climate types can be distinguished:
HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
WARM AND HUMID
COLD
 Assignment

Compare the architectural design guidelines of any two

climatic zones

Support your answers with relevant examples and sketches.