QS-5000 Manual

MODEL QS-5000
Combination Software Defined Secure Voice and GE Star®,

MDC-1200®, Identification Encoder/Decoder
(Photo enlarged to show detail)
Instruction Manual
Manual Number 05 40 2000
Rev 080104
© 2005 – 2007 Cimarron Technologies Corp., Escondido, CA, USA.

All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any way without the express written permission of Cimarron
Technologies Corporation.
MODEL QS-5000 COMBINATION SOFTWARE DEFINED SECURE VOICE AND ANI
ENCODER/DECODER
© 2007 Cimarron Technologies Corporation

All rights reserved
Cimarron Technologies Inc.

934 S. Andreasen Suite G
Escondido, CA 92029 USA
Voice: 760-738-3282
FAX: 760-480-0233
Email: service@cimtechcorp.com
Web: www.cimtechcorp.com
Cimarron Technologies Corporation is a licensee of the Motorola MDC-1200® Protocol technology.

MDC-1200® is a registered trademark of Motorola Inc.
GE Star® is a registered trademark of General Electric Corporation
Manual revision QS-5000 080104

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................... 3
C H A P T E R 1 Features and Specifications ................................................ 7
What Is the QS-5000 ................................................................................................................. 7
Features...................................................................................................................................... 7
Specifications ............................................................................................................................. 9
C H A P T E R 2 Installation......................................................................... 11
Physical Installation................................................................................................................ 11
Radio Connections .................................................................................................................. 11
Audio Connections and Radio Modifications ....................................................................... 11
TX Audio In and TX Audio Out......................................................................................................... 11
RX Audio In and RX Audio Out ........................................................................................................ 11
Discriminator ...................................................................................................................................... 11
Audio Level Adjustments ....................................................................................................... 12
Data Deviation Adjustment.................................................................................................... 12
Assignable Physical Inputs and Outputs............................................................................... 12
Open Collector Outputs OUT0 and OUT1 ........................................................................... 13
Multilevel Outputs OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 ....................................................................... 13
Crypto Keys or Inversion Frequencies ................................................................................. 13
Jumpers.................................................................................................................................... 15
Pads .......................................................................................................................................... 16
Pad Information ...................................................................................................................... 17
Physical Assignments....................................................................................................... 18
Radio connection Definitions ................................................................................................. 19
A+ ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
A- ........................................................................................................................................................ 19
PTT (Default assignment IN4) Input .................................................................................................. 19
Key (Default assignment OUT0) Output ............................................................................................ 19
Emergency (Default assignment IN0) Input ....................................................................................... 19
Man Down (Default assignment IN1) Input ....................................................................................... 19
Selective Call (Default assignment OUT3) Output............................................................................. 20
Transmit Control Output..................................................................................................................... 20
Critical Channel Revert (Default assignment OUT1) Output ............................................................. 20
Inversion Status (Default assignment OUT4) Output ......................................................................... 20
Radio Disable (Default assignment OUT3) Output ............................................................................ 20
Sleep Input .......................................................................................................................................... 20
Sidetone Output .................................................................................................................................. 20
Tone Control Output (Default assignment OUT2) ............................................................................. 21
Inversion Switch (Default assignment IN5) Input .............................................................................. 21
Inversion Code line 0 Input................................................................................................................. 21
Channel Busy (Default assignment IN2) Input ................................................................................... 22
Transmit Audio In............................................................................................................................... 22
Transmit Audio Out ............................................................................................................................ 22
RX Audio In........................................................................................................................................ 22
RX Audio Out..................................................................................................................................... 22
Discriminator ...................................................................................................................................... 22
C H A P T E R 3 Programming..................................................................... 23
QuikWare Programming Software ....................................................................................... 23
Main Menu............................................................................................................................... 23
Mode ................................................................................................................................................... 23
Product Type....................................................................................................................................... 23
FW Version......................................................................................................................................... 24
COM Port............................................................................................................................................ 24
Chan.................................................................................................................................................... 24
Inv Type.............................................................................................................................................. 24
Fix Frq ................................................................................................................................................ 24
Min Frq ............................................................................................................................................... 24
Max Frq .............................................................................................................................................. 24
Min Dwl.............................................................................................................................................. 25
Max Dwl ............................................................................................................................................. 25
Mute Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 25
P/U INV .............................................................................................................................................. 25
ANI Type ............................................................................................................................................ 25
ANI Loc .............................................................................................................................................. 25
PTT ID – EM ID – M/D ID ................................................................................................................ 25
PTT MSG............................................................................................................................................ 26
EM MSG............................................................................................................................................. 26
TOT MSG ........................................................................................................................................... 26
M/D MSG ........................................................................................................................................... 26
Group ID ............................................................................................................................................. 26
Crit ANI .............................................................................................................................................. 26
CRIT RVRT........................................................................................................................................ 26
C T ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
ACK.................................................................................................................................................... 27
Base ID ............................................................................................................................................... 27
Encrypt ANI........................................................................................................................................ 27
Encryption Key ................................................................................................................................... 27
Audio Control.......................................................................................................................... 27
Gain Settings....................................................................................................................................... 27
Microphone Input gain level without inversion .................................................................................. 28
Microphone Output gain level without inversion ............................................................................... 28
AF Input gain level without inversion ................................................................................................ 28
AF Output gain level without inversion.............................................................................................. 28
Microphone Input gain level with inversion ....................................................................................... 28
Microphone Output gain level with inversion..................................................................................... 28
AF Input gain level with inversion ..................................................................................................... 28
AF Output gain level with inversion................................................................................................... 28
Common Settings .................................................................................................................... 28
Attack Delay ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Acknowledgment Delay...................................................................................................................... 29
Startup Delay ...................................................................................................................................... 29
ANI Repeat Timer............................................................................................................................... 29
TX Time Out Timer ............................................................................................................................ 29
TX Data Level .................................................................................................................................... 29
PTT Sidetone ...................................................................................................................................... 29
Mute Data ........................................................................................................................................... 29
Mute on Incorrect Key ........................................................................................................................ 29
MDC Call Alert Encode...................................................................................................................... 30
Disconnect Delay ................................................................................................................................ 30
Inversion Preamble ............................................................................................................................. 30
MDC Wildcard Enable ....................................................................................................................... 30
Unlock PIN ......................................................................................................................................... 30
Display Received ANI ........................................................................................................................ 30
Key Follows PTT................................................................................................................................ 30
Respond to Channel Codes ................................................................................................................. 30
Emergency ............................................................................................................................... 30
Number of repeat emergency transmissions ....................................................................................... 30
Time between emergency repeats ....................................................................................................... 31
Open Microphone Monitor on Emergency TX time ........................................................................... 31
Open Microphone Monitor on Emergency RX time........................................................................... 31
Emergency TX Warning Tone............................................................................................................ 31
ManDown................................................................................................................................. 31
Number of repeat Man Down transmissions....................................................................................... 31
Time between Man Down repeats....................................................................................................... 32
Open Microphone Monitor on Man Down TX time ........................................................................... 32
Open Microphone Monitor on Man Down RX time........................................................................... 32
Man Down TX Warning Tone ............................................................................................................ 32
Man Down Warning Delay ................................................................................................................. 32
Man Down Activation Delay .............................................................................................................. 32
Digital I/O Control .................................................................................................................. 33
Memory Characteristics ......................................................................................................... 40
C H A P T E R 4 Operation ........................................................................... 41
QS-5000 Basic Operation ....................................................................................................... 41
PTT ANI Operation ................................................................................................................ 41
Time-out-timer ........................................................................................................................ 42
Radio Disable/Enable.............................................................................................................. 42
Selective Call/Group Call/All Call......................................................................................... 42
Microphone Monitor............................................................................................................... 42
Emergency Message ................................................................................................................ 43
Man-Down ............................................................................................................................... 44
Status ........................................................................................................................................ 44
Canned Messages .................................................................................................................... 44
Secure Voice Features............................................................................................................. 44
C H A P T E R 5 Technical Information ...................................................... 47
GE Star® Format Selections.................................................................................................. 47
Format Definitions .................................................................................................................. 47
GE Star® Message Descriptions............................................................................................ 47
MDC-1200® Message Type.................................................................................................... 48
Inversion Code Line Interpretation ...................................................................................... 48
Trunking Operation................................................................................................................ 49
Emergency .......................................................................................................................................... 49
PTT at beginning ................................................................................................................................ 50
PTT at end........................................................................................................................................... 50
Inversion Scrambling.............................................................................................................. 50
Component Location............................................................................................................... 52
Schematics............................................................................................................................... 53
Parts List.................................................................................................................................. 57
C H A P T E R 6 Troubleshooting................................................................. 58
Installation Hints..................................................................................................................... 58
Isolating System Problems ..................................................................................................... 58
Equipment Problems .............................................................................................................. 58
Radio Keys and Stays Keyed .............................................................................................................. 58
Radio Keys up but stays Keyed only for Duration of ANI ................................................................. 58
ID Decoded is not the same as Programmed....................................................................................... 58
Channel Preferences not the same as Programmed............................................................................. 58
C H A P T E R 7 Product Support................................................................. 60
A P P E N D I X A Secure Voice Considerations ....................................... 61
Voice Quality ........................................................................................................................... 61
Security Level .......................................................................................................................... 62
System Considerations............................................................................................................ 63
Making it Simple ..................................................................................................................... 64
A P P E N D I X B Snap-In QS-5000 Carrier............................................. 66
I N D E X .................................................................................................................. 67
Chapter 1 Features 7
C H A P T E R 1
Features and Specifications
What Is the QS-5000
The QS-5000 is a device that combines ANI encoder/decoder signaling
with Cimarron Technologies QuikSync voice inversion scrambling. The
board is capable of sending PTT ANI and Emergency ANI in GE Star®,
or MDC-1200® signaling format. It is capable of reception of Selective
Calls, Group calls and All calls and will provide audible alerts when
called. It responds to radio check commands (interrogates), and to over
the air open microphone monitor commands and radio disable/enable
commands. The inversion scrambling scheme is unique in that it is
adaptive to the communications system in which it will be used. When
initially setting up the communications system, the QS-5000 boards must
be programmed with configuration information. QuikSync uses dynamic
frequency inversion scrambling, but, unlike other schemes, the range of
inversion frequencies is specified during set-up as well as minimum and
maximum dwell times. In this manner, the actual inversion frequency
can be fixed so that all units always use the same split frequency (like
current low end boards on the market); or the inversion frequency can
change for each press of the PTT, staying at that split frequency only for
the period of that transmission; or the board can hop around a pre-
defined range of frequencies in a random manner and for random dwell
times. The actual decision (and level of security) can be tailored
precisely to the limitations of the communications system. There are five
preset levels of security to choose from when configuring the board.
These five preset levels can be additionally adjusted if necessary for
precise system integration.
Features
• Identify every transmission source with the assigned ANI ID in
Signaling formats of MDC-1200®, GE Star®
• Reduce nuisance and obscene transmissions
• Trunking compatible Increased trunking flexibility compatible
with latest trunking schemes
• Programmable ANI PTT repeat timer limits data bursts during
continued conversations
• “Go-ahead” beep sounds when ready for voice transmission
• Courtesy beep transmitted when radio is unkeyed
• Emergency and Man-Down situations instantly identified
• Programmable open microphone monitor during emergency
• Stuck microphone identification
• Time-Out-Timer with alert tone
• ANI sent at beginning, end or both
• Responds to selective call, group call and all call messages as
well as open microphone monitor and over the air activated
radio disable and enable

• Automatic man-down alarm reporting with unique coding
• Status and canned messages can be programmed instead of
the emergency and man-down reporting
• Receiver data mute
• MDC-1200® message adaptability enhances compatibility with
existing unique systems
• Programmable complexity voice inversion scrambling
• Digitally encrypted MDC-1200 signaling
• Combines ANI and inversion features or offers both features
independently
• Capable of automatic receive detection and selection of
Cipher/Clear mode
• Up to 100 Hops per second with up to 2000 Hz difference in
inversion frequency per hop. Mean difference of 1000 Hz per
hop
• All ANI and Encryption functions can be programmed via Over
the air Re-Programming
• Programmable for a dynamic inversion frequency range of 2.1
kHz through 4.1 kHz
• Programmable for a dynamic hop dwell time range between
zero mS (no hop) through 1000 mS
• Unique system protection available to ensure incompatibility
with any other radio system even if key is compromised
• Stores up to sixteen encryption keys or inversion frequencies
which can be manually selected or in some radios, assigned
and automatically selected with radio channel change.
• Stores up to sixteen ANI ID’s and formats which can be
manually selected or in some radios, assigned and
automatically selected with radio channel change.
• Programmable by computer with a USB adapter cable.
• Software controlled output and input adjustment – no resistors
to change.
• Advanced microprocessor control permits precise pairing with
communications system. This enhances encryption
compatibility with repeaters, voters, varying system links and
system degradations
• Level of security can be increased with communications system
upgrades without reinvesting in new/different encryption
modules
In order to realize these capabilities the QS-5000 must be correctly
installed and programmed. Some features may require additional
equipment not supplied.
Specifications
Data Format GE Star® MDC-1200®
Modulation Type PSK (Phase Shift Key) FSK
Rate 400 bps on 1600hz carrier 1200/1800 Hz
ID Range 0001 to 16,383 0001-DEEE
ID Locations ANI at Beginning, End or Both
Messages PTT ANI, Emergency, Man- PTT ANI, Emergency.
Down, TOT. Programmable to Programmable to any allowable
any allowable GE Star® MDC message bit pattern.
message.
Sidetone User definable, fully programmable
Burst Length 280mS plus preamble time. Fixed length 180mS
Attack Delay 0 mS to 1000 mS programmable in 10 mS steps.
ANI Repeat Timer (Time since last PTT press. If less, don’t send ANI) Programmable 0
S (Send every PTT); 0 to 255 S.
Scrambling Type Unique Dynamic Hopping Inversion Scrambling
Cipher/Clear Automatic receive detection and selection of cipher/clear mode
Detection
Transmit Mode Automatic Cipher/Clear on per channel basis with manual over-ride
State Warning Device warns user at keyup whether transmission will be encrypted or
plain
Rate Up to 100 Hops per second with up to 2000 Hz difference in inversion
frequency per hop. Mean difference of 1000 Hz per hop
Signaling Method Incorporates MDC-1200® and GE Star® signaling formats and
features.
Function All ANI and Encryption functions can be programmed via Over the air
Programming Re-Programming or via inexpensive programming cable
Encryption Re- Keys entered via software, or Over the air Re-Keying
Keying
Key Length 64 bits (provides 18 quintillion keys)
Inversion Programmable for a dynamic range of 2.1 kHz through 4.1 kHz
Frequency
Dwell Time Programmable for a dynamic range between 0 mS (no hop) through
1000 mS
Unique System Unique system protection available to ensure incompatibility with any
Identifier other radio system even if key is compromised
Messaging Includes Short Messaging capability of eight canned
messages/statuses with definition aliasing of eight characters
Messaging Capable of digitally encrypting MDC-1200 data burst for added
Security messaging and ANI security
Synchronization MSK sync burst required only at beginning of transmission
Burst
Sync Burst 80 mS
Length
Multi-Agency Up to 16 Encryption keys or inversion frequencies can be stored. In
Interoperability many host radios, changing the radio channel also changes the key
(or inversion frequency) to be used with the agency on that channel.
Additionally, ANI ID’s and types can be assigned to the sixteen
available channels.
Radio System Advanced microprocessor control permits precise pairing with

Compatibility communications system. This enhances encryption compatibility with
repeaters, voters, varying system links and system degradations
Outputs KEY; Tone Control; Aux Output; Sidetone; Selective Call; Disable
Radio; TX Audio Out; RX Audio Out
Inputs Emergency; Man-Down; PTT; Sleep; Aux Input; Inversion enable;
Code select 1,2,3,4; TX Audio In; RX Audio In; Discriminator In
Programming Programmed via cable and Cimarron Technologies QuikWare
software. Also over-the-air programmable with associated hardware.
Radio Interface Wired interface between QS-5000 pads and radio components/pads
Supply Voltage 3.3 to 3.6 VDC regulated or 3.7 to 20 VDC unregulated
Supply Current 12mA quiescent; 35 mA processing
Temperature Operating: -30oC to +60oC.
Humidity 0% to 95% RH (non-condensing).
Dimensions 22.5mm x 36.5mm x 1.5mm.
Upgradeability Level of security can be increased with communications system
upgrades without reinvesting in new/different encryption modules
Chapter 2 Installation 11
C H A P T E R 2
Installation
Physical Installation
Find a location in the radio for the Model QS-5000, preferably away from the
transmitter output amplifier stage. Locate the interface points for the QS-5000
interface wiring, cut wires to the appropriate length and solder between the radio
interface points and the QS-5000 interface pads. Keep all wires as short as
possible to avoid RF and noise interference. Place the insulating sleeve over the
QS-5000 module and firmly affix to the radio.
Radio Connections
Teflon insulated wires are included in the QS-5000 package to interface the
device to the host radio. Use only the wires required and keep all used wires as
short as possible. A wire stripping tool is essential for the correct stripping of
Teflon coated wires. Conductors will be nicked or cut if an appropriate stripping
tool is not used. Definitions of all radio connections can be found on page 19.
Audio Connections and Radio Modifications

Proper installation of the QS-5000 into the target radio requires good selection of
radio interface points and modifications that cause the microphone audio and
receive audio lines to be split.
TX Audio In and TX Audio Out

Locate a point in the radio microphone circuitry before pre-emphasis and before
CTCSS injection. Cut the audio path (some radio manufacturers provide zero
ohm resistors in the circuit specifically for this). TX Audio In should be attached
on the microphone side of the break and TX Audio Out should be attached on the
modulator side of the break.
RX Audio In and RX Audio Out

Locate a point in the radio receiver circuitry after CTCSS pick off and before
receive volume control. Cut the audio path (some radio manufacturers provide
zero ohm resistors in the circuit specifically for this). RX Audio In should be
attached on the discriminator side of the break and RX Audio Out should be
attached on the speaker amplifier side of the break.
Discriminator
The discriminator connection should be attached as close to the radio
discriminator as possible. This dedicated input line is used exclusively for
detecting and decoding data. If your application only uses basic fixed inversion
scrambling with no receive ANI functions and no digital encryption setup
message, then this connection is not required.
Audio Level Adjustments

Eight audio level adjustments are available to precisely match the host radio
requirements. These adjustments are programmed by software and are realized
in the on-board codec. The permitted range for these adjustments is from -42 to
+20 dB.
• Microphone input gain level without inversion
• Microphone output gain level without inversion
• Microphone input gain level with inversion
• Microphone output gain level with inversion
• AF input gain level without inversion
• AF output gain level without inversion
• AF input gain level with inversion;
• AF output gain level with inversion
Optimum level adjustments can be achieved by performing the following steps:

1. After installing the board, set the board to “without inversion” and using
an oscilloscope, measure the microphone input to the QS-5000 while
speaking into the radio microphone in transmit.
2. Then, measure the microphone output from the QS-5000 while similarly
speaking into the microphone.
3. In QuikWare software, set microphone input gain level without inversion
to 0 and incrementally adjust microphone output gain level without
inversion until the measured level from step 2 matches the level from
step 1.
4. If you are unable to get the levels to match, then start adjusting
microphone input gain level without inversion incrementally until the
measured level from step 2 matches the level from step 1.
5. Now turn inversion on and repeat steps 1 through 4 but adjust the “with
inversion” levels.
6. Then, using a service monitor, generate a signal with correct deviation of
a 1KHz audio signal.
7. Perform steps 1 through 4 while measuring the QS-5000 AF input and
output lines with the board set to “without inversion”.
8. Perform steps 1 through 4 as in step 7 but with the board in inversion
mode.
Data Deviation Adjustment

The QS-5000 data deviation is adjusted by software selection. The value can be
programmed between 1 and 255. A value of 255 provides the maximum output
of 2 VPP. Modify the value of Output Level until data deviation is just below
voice deviation. It is most appropriate to start at a deviation that is much lower
than voice and then adjust up until the correct point is reached.
Assignable Physical Inputs and Outputs

There are nine input ports and five output ports. All inputs and outputs required
for your particular radio installation must be assigned to these ports. Individual
output functions can be assigned to up to two output ports. JP1 affects all input
ports and permits the selection of having them all pulled up to 3.3V, attached A+
or not pulled up. Alternatively, the jumper can be removed completely and the
microprocessor programmed to provide the pull-up on an individual I/O line basis.
Open Collector Outputs OUT0 and OUT1

Physical outputs OUT0 and OUT1 are standard NPN transistor circuits
configured for Open Collector output. They are capable of sinking up to 100 mA.
Multilevel Outputs OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4

Physical outputs OUT2, 3 and 4 are configured with combination PNP and NPN
transistors and jumper options to permit many different output configurations.
Referring to the above schematic which represents one of the three multilevel
capable outputs, the following table describes jumper combinations and resulting
output characteristics. Note that there are two output columns, one with “normal
assertion” and one with “inverted assertion”. This relates to how the output
function is programmed in QS-5000 configuration software.
Jumper Selection Output with Output with

normal assertion inverted assertion
A B C D E Inactive Active Inactiv Active
e
Out Out Out In Out Low +3.3vdc +3.3vdc Low
Out Out In Out Out HiZ Low Low HiZ
Out In In Out Out A+ Low Low A+
In Out In Out Out +3.3vdc Low Low +3.3vdc
Out In Out Out In HiZ A+ A+ HiZ
In Out Out Out In HiZ +3.3vdc +3.3vdc HiZ
Crypto Keys or Inversion Frequencies

The QS-5000 can store up to 16 user selectable 64 bit crypto keys or 16 user
selectable inversion frequencies. If a digital encryption setup” is necessary,
transmissions are prefaced with digitally encrypted data packets that describe the
inversion process to be used on the voice audio and make use of the pre
programmed 64 bit crypto keys. The resulting voice chopping and inversion can
randomly vary up to 2000 Hz difference in inversion frequencies at a randomly
changing rate of up to 100 times per second.
Without the digital encryption setup databurst, transmissions are scrambled using
simple inversion at a frequency fixed and selected from the 16 pre programmed
frequencies. This mode permits the QS-5000 to be compatible with most low
security simple inversion scrambling systems while still permitting future use of
higher quality secure methods.
The Key or Frequency in use is selected with four Inversion Code Input lines.
Many radios provide interface pads for these Code select lines which are then
manipulated according to user preferences in the radio programming software on
a per-channel basis.
Jumpers
B A
A = 3.3V
B = A+
C = NPN
D = Direct
E = NPN + PNP
See page 13 for details
E
C
A B
D
EE
D C
Jumper Purpose
JP-1 Selects pull-up voltage (A+, 3.3V or none) to be applied to inputs IN0
through IN8. Default is 3.3V
JP-2 Selects voltage to be used (A+, 3.3V or none) for multilevel output
OUT4
JP-4 Selects output criteria for multilevel output OUT4
OUT2
OUT3
JP-10 Combines Sidetone audio and AFOut audio. This jumper is installed
for radio installations where only one wire would be required.
JP-12 Combines OUT0 and IN4. In default conditions, KEY function is
assigned to OUT0 and PTT function is assigned to IN4. This jumper is
installed for radio installations where only one wire would be required.
JP-13 Supply voltage select. Install jumper if QS-5000 is to be supplied with
regulated 3.3VDC. Otherwise provide 3.6 VDC or greater and on-
board regulator will be used. Default condition is “OUT”.
Pads
T33/GND
T28/IN6
T11/IN0
T32/OUT3 T8/OUT2
T13/IN8 T16/OUT0 T3/MIC Out

T9/RXD0
T2/AFOut
T27/IN4
T12/TXD T24/IN3 T25/OUT1 T4/AFIn
T37/Tone
T15/IN7 T30/IN5 T21/IN2 T18/IN1 T10/MICIN

T1/DiscIN
T7/AIN1 T5/AIN0 T31/A+
T14/OUT4
Pad Information
PAD SIGNAL FUNCTION
This is the radio receive discriminator signal. It is used by
T1 DISCIN
the QS-5000 for detecting and decoding data.
RX Audio Output. This is receive audio back to the radio. If
in scramble mode, the microprocessor will have processed
T2 AFOUT the RX Audio In and presented it to the Codec. If in plain
mode, the microprocessor will route the RX Audio In back to
the Codec. In both cases, this codec output is RX Audio Out.
TX Audio Output. This is microphone audio back to the
radio. If in scramble mode, the microprocessor will have
processed the TX Audio In and presented it to the Codec. If
T3 MICOUT
in plain mode, the microprocessor will route the TX Audio In
back to the Codec. In both cases, this codec output is TX
Audio Out.
RX Audio Input. This is receive audio from the radio. The
T4 AFIN
audio is digitized and presented to the microprocessor.
T5 AIN0 Analog input for future use
T7 AIN1 Analog input for future use
Configurable output, configured with combination PNP and
NPN transistors and jumper options to permit many different
output configurations.
T8 OUT2 Default = This line is used to activate a radio amplifier or
audio pass gate when Sidetone is being generated by the
QS-5000. Sidetone is not powerful enough to drive a radio
speaker directly so the radio’s amplifier must be used.
T9 RXD0 Microprocessor digital communications input port
TX Audio Input. This is microphone audio from the radio.
T10 MICIN
The audio is digitized and presented to the microprocessor.
Default = Emergency activation input. The input can be
T11 IN0 software programmed for reverse logic. This line can
alternately be used as a status or canned message.
T12 TXD0 Microprocessor digital communications output port
T13 IN8 Digital input can be pulled up to A+ or 3.3V with JP-1
T14 OUT4 NPN transistors and jumper options to permit many different
Open collector transistor output, capable of sinking up to 100
T16 OUT0 mA. Default = Key output used to place the associated radio
in transmit mode when required.
T17 TCK Factory use
Digital input can be pulled up to A+ or 3.3V with JP-1.
Default = Man-Down activation input from an external sensor
T18 IN1 or switch. The input can be software programmed for
reverse logic. This line can alternately be used as a status or
canned message.
T20 TMS Factory use
T21 IN2 Default = Channel Busy input used to detect when the radio
is actively receiving. The input can be software programmed
for reverse logic.

T23 TDI Factory use
T24 IN3 Default = Sleep Input used to stop ANI generation on
channels where data is not desired.
Open collector transistor output, capable of sinking up to 100
T25 OUT1 mA. Default = Critical Channel Revert. The output becomes
active 50 mS before Key for critical data transmissions
T26 TDO Factory use
T27 IN4 Default = PTT sense input. Used to detect when the radio is
transmitting
T30 IN5
Default = When active, speech inversion will take place
Input supply voltage. 3.3 to 3.6 VDC regulated or 4.0 to 16.5
T31 A+
VDC unregulated
NPN transistors and jumper options to permit many different
Default = The selective call line becomes active upon receipt
T32 OUT3 of a selective call, group call or all call. It can be
programmed for continuous or pulse action. It is usually
used to activate an LED to show that the unit has been
called. It becomes de-active upon receipt of a call cancel or
by pressing the radio PTT button.
T33 GND Ground
T34 RESET Factory use
T35 GND Factory use
T36 3.3V Factory use
Audio output capable of different sounds to be presented to
T37 SIDETONE radio local speaker amplifier. Used to alert user of various
events
Physical Assignments
Signal Input/ Default Wire Color

Output Port/Pad
Assignment
PTT Input IN4/T27 Yellow
Channel Acqd Input ** White/Violet
Channel Busy Input IN2/T21 Violet

Sleep Input IN3/T24 White/Orange
Emergency Input IN0/T11 Green
Man Down Input IN1/T18 Blue
Tone Control Output OUT2/T8 White/Yellow
Selective Call Output ** White/Green
Transmit Control Output ** Gray
Critical Chan Revert Output OUT1/T25 White/Brown

Inversion Enable Input IN5/T30 Yellow/Green
Inversion Code 0 Input ** Yellow/Black
Inversion Code 1 Input ** Yellow/Brown
Inversion Code 2 Input ** Yellow/Red
Inversion Code 3 Input ** Yellow/Orange
Inversion Status Output OUT4/T14 Gray/Green

Key Output OUT0/T16 Brown
Radio Disable Output OUT3/T32 White/Blue
Sidetone Output Audio/T37 Orange
TX Audio IN Input Audio/T10 White
TX Audio OUT Output Audio/T3 White/Black
RX Audio IN Input Audio/T4 Gray/Red
RX Audio OUT Output Audio/T2 Gray/Orange
Discriminator Input Audio/T1 White/Red
** = No default port assignment
Radio connection Definitions

A+
Red Positive supply voltage to the QS-5000. Unregulated +3.7 to +20 VDC or
regulated 3.3 to 3.6 VDC. If using regulated 3.3 to 3.6 VDC, install jumper JP-13.
Note: If JP-13 is installed, there is no reverse voltage protection!!
A-
Black Supply ground
PTT (Default assignment IN4) Input

Yellow This line is used by the QS-5000 to detect when the radio has been keyed.
Connect to a point in the radio that changes state when the radio is actually
transmitting. The function is programmable for active high or active low.
Key (Default assignment OUT0) Output

Brown This line is used to key the radio when required by the QS-5000. It can be
isolated from the PTT input line by removing Jumper JP12. Connect to a point in
the radio that will force the radio to transmit when the line state is changed. This
is typically the radio key line which, when grounded, keys the radio.
Emergency (Default assignment IN0) Input

Green The Emergency input is used by the QS-5000 to detect a manual emergency
condition. The input can be software programmed for reverse logic. This line
can alternately be used as a status or canned message. Attach to an unused
radio button or an external momentary switch.
Man Down (Default assignment IN1) Input

Blue Man-Down activation input from an external sensor or switch. The input can be
software programmed for reverse logic. This line can alternately be used as a
status or canned message.
Selective Call (Default assignment OUT3) Output

White/Green The selective call line becomes active upon receipt of a selective call, group call
or all call. It can be programmed for continuous or pulse action. It is usually
used to activate an LED to show that the unit has been called. It becomes de-
active upon receipt of a call cancel or by pressing the radio PTT button.
Transmit Control Output

Gray Active state occurs during transmit attack delay and data burst transmission.
Typically used to control a transmitter CTCSS, turning it off during ANI
transmissions.
Critical Channel Revert (Default assignment OUT1) Output

White/Brown Active only during Emergency and Man-Down data transmissions. Typically used
to change the radio channel to a “Home” channel before sending the Emergency
or Man-Down message. Becomes active 100 mS before the Key line is activated
for critical transmissions.
Inversion Status (Default assignment OUT4) Output

Gray/Green This line becomes active whenever the boards inversion function is enabled.
This is used to advise the user whether their transmissions will be secure or not.
Radio Disable (Default assignment OUT3) Output

White/Blue Active upon receipt of a radio disable command. The line becomes de-active
only with the receipt of a “Radio Enable” command and is not affected by cycling
of power. Can be used to inhibit the transmit function of the radio.
Sleep Input
White/Orange The sleep input will stop the QS-5000 from modulating ANI data when active.
The input can be software programmed for reverse logic. This is useful if ANI is
desired on selected channels only. Emergency and Man-Down features are not
available when sleep is active.
Sidetone Output
Orange Sidetone output should be attached to the input to the radio audio amplifier. The
audio is generated for presentation to the local speaker amplifier from two
sources; one is directly from the micro (PA1_BEEP) and the other via the Codec
(AFOUT). If sidetone is being generated while the radio is in transmit mode, the
sidetone source will be from PA1_BEEP. Volume can’t be adjusted through
PA1_Beep so R14 reduces the amplitude to compensate for the VCC square
wave. Additional resistance can be added between the sidetone pad and the
radio during radio installation.
If the radio is not in transmit mode, the sidetone source will be via the Codec.
The following describes sidetone events:
1. With beginning send ANI and scrambling setup data, the sidetone will start at
PTT and last through scrambling setup data and PTT ANI data.
2. With beginning send ANI without scrambling setup data, the sidetone will
start at PTT and last through the PTT ANI data.
3. With endsend ANI with scrambling setup data, the sidetone will start at PTT
and last through scrambling setup data.
4. The tone that is generated in connection with the impending transmission of
a critical message (Emergency, Man Down).
5. Upon receipt of a selective call, group call or all call and continues until
receipt of a call cancel or the radio PTT button is pressed.
6. Upon receipt of a critical message from any other unit.
7. After receipt of a scrambled message while the radio is not in scramble
mode. The device will descramble the audio and advise the user that the
received message was descrambled.
Tone Control Output (Default assignment OUT2)

White/Yellow This line is used to activate a radio amplifier or audio pass gate when Sidetone is
being generated by the QS-5000. Sidetone is not powerful enough to drive a
radio speaker directly so the radio’s amplifier must be used. If sidetone is
desired, the radio audio amp will need to be turned on for the duration of the
tone. This multi-level output is very handy for controlling audio amplifier circuits
in a radio.
Inversion Switch (Default assignment IN5) Input

Yellow/Green When active, speech inversion will take place
Inversion Code line 0 Input

Yellow/Black One of four input lines that are used to select which crypto key or which inversion
frequency to use as well as per-channel capability for ANI type and ID.

Yellow/Brown One of four input lines that are used to select which crypto key or which inversion

Yellow/Red One of four input lines that are used to select which crypto key or which inversion

Yellow/Orange One of four input lines that are used to select which crypto key or which inversion
Channel Busy (Default assignment IN2) Input

Violet The channel busy line should be interfaced to a point in the radio that changes
state when actively receiving signals.
Transmit Audio In
White This is microphone audio from the radio. The audio is digitized and presented to
the microprocessor.
Transmit Audio Out

White/Black This is microphone audio back to the radio. If in scramble mode, the
microprocessor will have processed the TX Audio In and presented it to the
Codec. If in plain mode, the microprocessor will route the TX Audio In back to
the Codec. In both cases, this codec output is TX Audio Out.
RX Audio In
Gray/Red This is receive audio from the radio. The audio is digitized and presented to the
microprocessor.
RX Audio Out
Gray/Orange This is receive audio back to the radio. If in scramble mode, the microprocessor
will have processed the RX Audio In and presented it to the Codec. If in plain
mode, the microprocessor will route the RX Audio In back to the Codec. In both
cases, this codec output is RX Audio Out.
Discriminator
White/Red This is the radio receive discriminator signal. It is used by the QS-5000 for
detecting and decoding data.
Chapter 3 Programming 23
C H A P T E R 3
Programming
Many functions and features of the QS-5000 are user programmable. In
addition to signaling type, ID and radio interface parameters, the device
can be optimized for the application’s particular needs.
QuikWare Programming Software

The QS-5000 is programmed using the associated USB programming
cable. It can be accomplished while installed in the host radio or prior to
installation. In the case of programming while the board is installed, use
only the black and white programming cable grabbers and power the
board by turning on power to the radio. The Cimarron QuikWare
software is used for selection of desired parameters.
Main Menu
Mode
Available selections are Technician, Supervisor, and Manufacturer.
Technician level requires no password but does not permit changing or
viewing of inversion parameters. Supervisor level permits changing but
not viewing of inversion parameters and requires a password to access.
Manufacturer level is only for Factory use.
Supervisor
Password required. May change inversion parameters. May not view

inversion parameters.
Technician
No password required. May not view or change inversion parameters.
Manufacturer
Factory use only.
Product Type
Available selections are VQS-400, VQS-420, VQS-500, QS-4000, QS-
4200, and QS-5000.
Type Function
VQS-400 Vertex plug-in capable of simple inversion
secure voice
VQS-420 Vertex plug-in with full MDC-1200 or GE-Star
signaling, including decode and display of
decoded ID and simple inversion secure
voice
VQS-500 Vertex plug-in with full MDC-1200 or GE-Star

signaling, including decode and display of
decoded ID and maximum capability hopping
secure voice
QS-4000 Universal wire in capable of simple inversion
secure voice
QS-4200 Universal wire-in with MDC or GE-Star
signaling and simple inversion secure voice
QS-5000 Universal wire-in with MDC or GE-Star
signaling and maximum capability hopping
secure voice
FW Version
Once the board has been read, the version of the firmware installed in
the board is displayed here.
COM Port
This box displays which com port has been selected. To change the
com port, select “Communications” from the menu bar and then “Setup”.
Chan
A maximum of 16 channels can be designated. If “Respond to Channel
Codes” in the Common menu is set to “No” then only channel one will be
accessible. If a Supervisor right clicks on a channel row, they will be
prompted to select one of six predefined security levels, or “Manual”.
Once a security level is selected, the appropriate parameters are
automatically entered. After the selection, the supervisor can then
modify any of the entered parameters in order to fine tune. See
appendix “A” for further details of pre-defined security levels.
Inv Type
Inversion type can be None, Fixed, Fixed with Setup, Hop PTT and Hop
Fast. None grays out all inversion related cells. Fixed grays out
min/max freq cells and Hop grays out the Fix freq cell. If “None” is
selected, then inversion will not be available on that channel.
Fix Frq
This inversion frequency is used if the inversion type selected is “Single”.
Min Frq
This parameter determines the lowest frequency to be used when
performing hopping inversion. The field is available if inversion type
selected is “Multi”, otherwise it is grayed out. Valid entries are from
2100 to 4100 Hz.
Max Frq
This parameter determines the highest frequency to be used when
performing hopping inversion. The field is available if inversion type
selected is “Multi”, otherwise it is grayed out. Valid entries are from
2100 to 4100 Hz.
Min Dwl
This parameter determines the smallest amount of time to rest at a
particular inversion frequency before moving to the next inversion
frequency. Valid entries are from 10 to 1000 mS in 10 mS steps.
Max Dwl
This parameter determines the largest amount of time to rest at a
particular inversion frequency before moving to the next inversion
frequency. Valid entries are from 10 to 1000 mS in 10 mS steps.
Mute Mode
If set to “ON”, in GE Star®, the radio will remain muted unless a GE
Star® Selective Call command is received. A Call Cancel will again
mute the receiver. In MDC-1200®, VSC will be enabled. In a system
that uses Voice Select Call (VSC), all radios remain muted until a VSC
command to their ID is received. Then the radio unmutes until loss of
receive carrier. If this feature is enabled, the radio will remain muted
unless a VSC command is received.
P/U INV
The power up mode parameter determines the condition of voice
inversion scrambling when the radio is powered up. If On, the radio will
scramble all transmissions unless it is manually changed to plain mode.
If the mode is set to plain, the radio will not scramble transmissions
unless it is manually changed to scramble mode. This field is grayed out
and unavailable unless the “Inversion Enable” input line is programmed
for “PULSE”.
ANI Type
“MDC” or “GE x” where x designates the GE Star® format. GE Star®
formats are selectable from A through P. See page 47 for more details.
ANI Loc
None, Start, End, Both [Default = Start]
If programmed “Start”, the ID will be transmitted when the user keys the
radio. If programmed “End”, the ID will be transmitted when the user
unkeys the radio. “Both” will provide ID transmissions at both the Start
and the End.
PTT ID – EM ID – M/D ID
Generally, the PTT ID Emergency ID and the Man Down ID are the
same; however, they could be programmed different if desired. In MDC-
1200®, the valid ID range is from 0001 through DEEE. A radio ID cannot
contain the character F nor can it begin with the character E as these are
defined as wildcards. However, a radio can encode to a target ID
containing these characters. In GE Star®, The actual maximum value
depends on the GE Star® format type selected (1 – 16383). A radio
cannot be programmed for an ID of 0 (zero) but a radio can encode to a
target ID of 0.
PTT MSG
In MDC-1200®, the default PTT message is 8001. In GE Star®, the
default is “01”. Although these values are adjustable to permit worldwide
system flexibility, they should never be changed except to accommodate
documented system variances.
EM MSG
In MDC-1200®, the default emergency message is 8000. In GE Star®,
the default is “07”. Although these values are adjustable to permit
worldwide system flexibility, they should never be changed except to
accommodate documented system variances.
TOT MSG
In MDC-1200®, the default PTT message is 8001. In GE Star®, the
default is “09”. Although these values are adjustable to permit worldwide
system flexibility, they should never be changed except to accommodate
documented system variances.
M/D MSG
In MDC-1200®, the default man down message is 8000. In GE Star®,
the default is “0F”. Although these values are adjustable to permit
worldwide system flexibility, they should never be changed except to
accommodate documented system variances.
Group ID
In GE Star® format, the actual maximum value depends on the GE
Star® format type selected (0 – 16383). A GE Star® “ALL CALL” is a
selective call to ID 0 (zero) and is not re-definable. A group call can be
any valid number but must not be used as a PTT or Emergency ID on
any radio in the system. The default is 0 (zero) which effectively means
that there is no group call (only the all call). In MDC-1200®, units can be
assigned group ID’s that consist of three HEX digits excluding the digit
“F”.
Crit ANI
If enabled, any PTT press during a critical cycle (e.g. emergency or man
down) that would generate a PTT ANI will generate the critical message
instead.
CRIT RVRT
(ONCE, ALL, NONE) [Default ONCE] Determines how the Critical
Channel Revert output line reacts (if one is programmed in the I/O).
“Once” means that the line momentarily goes low at the beginning of the
critical cycle. “ALL” means that the line goes low for each critical data
transmission within the cycle. “NONE” means that the Critical Channel
Revert output is not activated on that channel.
CT
Unkey Courtesy Tone. If programmed “Yes”, a tone will be transmitted
when the user unkeys to inform the listener that they may now transmit.
ACK
(Y/N) [Default Yes]
If this feature is enabled, an acknowledgment will be transmitted
whenever required.
Base ID
[Default=0001]
Additional security can be realized by defining the ID of the base
authorized to make over the air key changes and reprogramming. If this
parameter is set to 0000, then Base ID will be ignored and the QS-5000
will react to commands from any base ID.
Encrypt ANI
QuikSync is capable of digitally encrypting ANI. This renders the Unit ID
and other MDC-1200® data transmissions unreadable except to users
that have a correctly keyed decoder.
Encryption Key
If “Hop” or “Fixed with Setup” is selected in Inv Type, or “Encrypt ANI”
has been selected, then an encryption key will be necessary (otherwise,
the field is grayed out). A supervisor can enter a key in three different
ways:
1. Click on the appropriate Key field, highlight the entry and enter the
new 16 character key.
OR
Click on the appropriate Key field, then click on the appearing button .
This will open a new box:
2. Enter a “Pass Phrase” and then click on “Generate Key” and the
phrase is converted to a key. The same phrase always generates
the same key
3. Click on “Random” and then click on “Generate Key”.
Audio Control
Gain Settings
Gain settings can range from -42 to +20 dB. There are a total of eight
independent settings, four that affect levels with inversion taking place
and four with inversion disabled.
Microphone Input gain level without inversion

This parameter adjusts the transmit (microphone) analog CODEC input
audio gain level for the output of the QS-5000 when the inversion
process is disabled.
Microphone Output gain level without inversion

This parameter adjusts the transmit (microphone) analog CODEC output
AF Input gain level without inversion

This parameter adjusts the receive (speaker) analog CODEC input audio
gain level for the output of the QS-5000 when the inversion process is
disabled.
AF Output gain level without inversion

This parameter adjusts the receive (speaker) analog CODEC output
Microphone Input gain level with inversion

This parameter adjusts the transmit (microphone) analog CODEC input
process is enabled.
Microphone Output gain level with inversion

This parameter adjusts the transmit (microphone) analog CODEC output
process is enabled.
AF Input gain level with inversion

This parameter adjusts the receive (speaker) analog CODEC input audio
gain level for the output of the QS-5000 when the inversion process is
enabled.
AF Output gain level with inversion

This parameter adjusts the receive (speaker) analog CODEC output
process is enabled.
Common Settings
Attack Delay
0ms to 1000ms in steps of 50ms. [Default 300mS]
The period of time from when the user keys the radio and the data
begins to be transmitted. This delay allows the communications system
to stabilize and be ready for transmission.
Acknowledgment Delay
(0mS to 2550 mS in 10 mS steps) [Default 800 mS]
The period of time from when an acknowledgeable message is received
and the acknowledge data packet is sent. This delay allows the
receiving radio to relax from transmit mode before receiving the data.
Startup Delay
(0mS to 2550 mS in 10 mS steps)[Default 100mS]
This parameter holds off the startup of the device after power is applied.
Used to ensure host radio stability on power up.
ANI Repeat Timer

(time since last PTT press. If less, don’t send PTT ANI) (0=send every
PTT; 10s, 20s, 40s, 60s, 90s, 120s) [Default 0]
Used to reduce the amount of data transmissions. If the selected time
since the last PTT press is not exceeded, data is not transmitted with
that PTT press.
TX Time Out Timer

(OFF,30s, 60s, 90s, 120s) [Default: OFF]
If the radio is held keyed up for greater than the selected time, the ID is
transmitted and the radio is automatically unkeyed.
TX Data Level
(0 – 255) [Default 50]
Changes the data output level in 255 steps. Enter a value between 0
and 255 that provides a data deviation that is just below radio voice
deviation.
PTT Sidetone
(Beginning send only) (Y/N) [Default Yes]
If programmed “Yes”, a tone will sound through the local speaker to
advise the user to hold off talking. Prevents “Voice syllable clipping”
which could occur during data transmission.
Mute Data
(Y/N) [Default Yes]
Some applications may require that received ANI data not be stripped
from the incoming audio. If this is set to “No” then data will be forwarded
from RX Audio In to RX Audio Out. This is especially necessary if the
application is in a base dispatch console that has an ANI decode feature.
Mute on Incorrect Key

(Y/N) [Default Yes]
The “Mute on Incorrect Key” feature forces the host radio to disable
receive functions during receipt of a coded transmission where the
receiving key does not match the transmitting key. Plain text
transmissions continue to be received as well as transmissions encoded
using similar keys.
MDC Call Alert Encode

Not available in the QS product.
Disconnect Delay
(0 – 2550 mS) [Default = 500]
The disconnect delay is the time to wait after losing carrier that the board
will cease following the hopping sequence. This delay will permit
momentary loss of carrier (due to fading, etc) without losing
synchronization with the hopping sequence. If a new MSK initialization
burst is received during this delay period, the delay will be terminated
and the new burst information will be followed.
Inversion Preamble
(8, 16, 32, or 64) [Default = 16]
The encryption initialization data burst has a preamble length that is
programmable for 8, 16, 32, or 64 preamble bits. Longer preambles
provide for more robust data transmissions but make the secure voice
setup message take longer to transmit.
MDC Wildcard Enable

(Y/N) [Default Yes]
If set to “No”, MDC-1200® wildcards of “F” and “E” will be handled as
normal allowable ANI ID’s instead of wildcards.
Unlock PIN
Display Received ANI

Key Follows PTT

(Y/N) [Default No]
Enabling Key Follows PTT makes the QS-5000 key line echo the
condition of the PTT line. So if the PTT line goes low, the key line will
follow and stay in the condition until the PTT line again changes state.
This is especially useful if you desire the QS-5000 to un-key the radio at
the expiration of the Time-Out-Timer time.
Respond to Channel Codes

(Y/N) [Default Yes]
If this parameter is set to No, the “channel settings” screen will have only
one channel to be used regardless of the channel the radio is on.
Emergency
Number of repeat emergency transmissions
(1, 5, 10, 15, 20, forever) [Default =5]
Number of times that an emergency message is transmitted. (1, 5, 10,
15, 20, forever) The emergency message transmission will be repeated a
programmed number of times with a programmed period between
transmissions. The repeats will be transmitted regardless of radio status.
If this value is set to 1 (one), the transmission will be considered a non-

critical message instead of emergency.
Time between emergency repeats

(5s, 10, 20, 30s) [Default=10s]
When in the emergency mode, if the number of repeat emergency
transmissions is not “One”, this is the time that will be waited between
emergency transmissions.
Open Microphone Monitor on Emergency TX time

(0s to 55s, 5s steps) [Default 0s]
If not set to zero, once an emergency is activated, the radio will key up
and transmit ambient noise for this period of time. It will then unkey and
remain unkeyed for a programmed amount of time and then repeat the
process. It will alternate between TX and RX throughout the emergency
cycle. The length of the cycle is determined by the settings of “Number
of repeat emergency transmissions” and “Time between emergency
repeats”. If the value is set to zero, there will be no open microphone
monitor.
Open Microphone Monitor on Emergency RX time

If open microphone monitor on emergency TX time is not set to zero, the
radio will remain unkeyed for this period of time between TX times.
Emergency TX Warning Tone

(Y/N) [Default No]
If programmed “Yes”, a warning tone will sound through the local
speaker to advise the user that an emergency message is being
transmitted.
ManDown
Number of repeat Man Down transmissions
(1, 5, 10, 15, 20, forever) [Default =5]
Number of times that a Man down message is transmitted. (1, 5, 10, 15,
20, forever) The man down message transmission will be repeated a
programmed number of times with a programmed period between
transmissions. The repeats will be transmitted regardless of radio status.
If this value is set to 1 (one), the transmission will be considered a non-
critical message instead of man down.
Time between Man Down repeats

(5s, 10, 20, 30s) [Default=10s]
Repeated Man Down transmissions will be separated by a programmed
delay period between transmissions (5s, 10, 20, and 30s).
Open Microphone Monitor on Man Down TX time

If not set to zero, once a Man Down is activated, the radio will key up and
transmit ambient noise for this period of time (0s to 55s, 5s steps). It will
then unkey and remain unkeyed for a programmed amount of time and
then repeat the process. It will alternate between TX and RX throughout
the Man Down cycle. The length of the cycle is determined by the
settings of “Number of repeat Man Down transmissions” and “Time
between Man Down repeats”. If the value is set to zero, there will be no
open microphone monitor.
Open Microphone Monitor on Man Down RX time

If open microphone monitor on Man Down TX time is not set to zero, the
radio will remain unkeyed for this period of time between TX times(0s to
55s, 5s steps).
Man Down TX Warning Tone

(Y/N) [Default No]
If programmed “Yes”, a warning tone will sound through the local
speaker to advise the user that a Man Down message is being
transmitted.
Man Down Warning Delay

(0 – 255 S) [Default 5 S]
Once the QS-5000 senses a man down situation, this timer begins to run
(0 – 255 S). If the radio is not up righted within this period of time, a
warning tone lasting 1 second is sounded. If the radio is up righted, the
warning timer resets.
Man Down Activation Delay

(0 – 255 S)[Default 5 S]
If the warning delay timer succeeds to complete its countdown and the
warning tone is sounded, the activation delay timer begins to run (0 –
255 S). The activation delay timer is programmable 0 to 255 seconds. If
the radio is not up righted within this period of time, the radio will key up
and send a message to the base.
Digital I/O Control

There are nine input ports and five output ports. All inputs and outputs
required for your particular radio installation must be assigned to these
ports.
Functions available for assignment to inputs are: Code0, Code1, Code2,

Code3, PTT, Busy, Sleep, Emergency, Man Down, Trunk Acquired, and
Inversion Enable. Individual output functions can be assigned to up to
two output ports. Polarity can be assigned as Neg, Pos, or Pulse.
Polarity of the signal in the input section refers to the polarity of the
signal presented to the microprocessor. If JP1 on the QS-5000 is
removed completely, the microprocessor pull-up feature can be
programmed on an individual I/O line basis. Debounce time is the time
the line must remain active before the microprocessor recognizes it as a
valid input.
Functions available for assignment to outputs are: Key, Disable, Tone

Control, Selective Call, TX Control, Critical Channel, and Inversion
Active. Polarity can be assigned as Neg or Pos. Polarity of the signal in
the output section refers to the polarity of the signal generated by the
microprocessor. The ultimate polarity achieved at the signal solder pad
will be determined by the output port selected as well as the jumpers
being used for that output port.
Memory Characteristics
Programming parameters are stored in non-volatile memory and will be
retained when the radio is turned off or when the battery is removed.
Chapter 4 Operation 41
C H A P T E R 4
Operation
QS-5000 Basic Operation
The QS-5000 combines ANI encoder/decoder signaling with the
Cimarron Technologies QuikSync voice inversion scrambling function.
The board is capable of sending PTT ANI and Emergency ANI in GE
Star® or MDC-1200® signaling format. It is capable of reception of
Selective Calls, Group calls and All calls and will provide audible alerts
when called. It responds to radio check commands (interrogates), and to
over the air open microphone monitor commands and radio
disable/enable commands.
PTT ANI Operation

ANI (Automatic Numeric Identification) provides for digital identification of
a transmission initiated by a transmitter's microphone switch (“Press-To-
Talk” or “PTT” switch). This “digital burst” can occur when the switch is
first pressed, or when the switch is released, or at both times. On
specified radio channels, with the press of the PTT button, the QS-5000
disables the radio microphone and then transmits the ANI ID and, if
scrambling is also enabled, a brief setup message. While the radio is
transmitting the data, a tone sounds in the local speaker to advise the
user to hold off talking. This prevents “syllable clipping”. If the QS-5000
is in Cipher Mode and PTT Sidetone is enabled, the beep will sound like
“boo-beep” to advise the user that his transmission will be scrambled. If
the board is in Clear Mode, the beep will sound like “Bee-boop” to remind
the user that his voice is being transmitted in the clear.
After the data is transmitted, the PTT sidetone stops and the
microphone is activated. The digital ANI burst can be programmed to
occur when the PTT is first pressed, or when the PTT is released, or at
both times. If the burst is programmed for transmission when the PTT is
released or the radio is on a non signaling channel, a short “go ahead”
beep will be heard and there will be no sidetone with data transmission.
Regardless of ANI location (beginning or end), the encryption setup
message occurs at the beginning of transmission. When the PTT is
released and transmission is over, a courtesy beep is transmitted to
inform the listener that they can now transmit. The PTT sidetone and
courtesy beep can be individually deactivated in personality
programming.
To reduce the amount of data transmissions, data can be programmed to

not occur during continuing conversations. A value can be selected for
the time since the last PTT press. If the selected time is not exceeded in
subsequent key-ups, data is not sent. Programmable times are 0, 10s,
20s, 40s, 60s, and 120s. [Default = 0]. If the time selected is 0 (zero),
ANI will be sent with every PTT press.
Time-out-timer
When a mobile or portable radio inadvertently remains keyed due to a
stuck microphone switch, it generally means that the radio frequency is
unusable for communications. Unfortunately, this activity is sometimes
deliberately caused by a field operator. Whenever a microphone switch
is held closed for more than the designated time-out-timer time either the
offending unit's identification is transmitted and a local tone is sounded
every ten seconds, or the unit can be programmed to transmit the unit's
ID once, sound a local tone, and then automatically open the key line
until the microphone switch is released.
Radio Disable/Enable
The QS-5000 will respond to GE Star® or MDC-1200® radio
disable/enable commands. This feature makes the radio unusable and
is activated by a command sent over-the-air by a capable base station.
Depending on how installed, the radio’s Transmit and/or receive
functions will be disabled until receipt of an ‘Enable” command also sent
over-the-air. Not affected by cycling of power. The QS-5000 reacts to a
disable command by breaking the receive audio path and by activating
the “Disable” output and (if Key-Follows-PTT is enabled) by not
forwarding PTT information to the Key output. The actions are reversed
only upon receipt of an Enable command.
Selective Call/Group Call/All Call

Upon receipt of a selective call, group call or all call, the sidetone will be
sounded for three seconds and will repeat every ten seconds until receipt
of a call cancel or the radio PTT button is pressed.
The selective call output can be user programmed to pulse when active
or remain in a steady state when active. The line becomes active upon
receipt of a selective call, group call or all call. It becomes deactivated
upon receipt of a call cancel or the press of the radio PTT button. The
line can be used to activate a call lamp which would give a visual
indication that the user had been called.
Unmute on selective call is a GE Star® signaling feature that is useful for

systems where talk between users is not allowed. Upon power-up, the
QS-5000 breaks the radio receive audio path prohibiting the audio from
reaching the radio speaker amplifier. If the dispatcher desires to
communicate with the unit, a selective call is transmitted, deactivating
the mute line, and the receive audio is allowed to pass to the speaker.
When the communications are completed, the dispatcher sends a “call
cancel” message, and the target radio is again muted. The action does
not affect transmit, so the user is always able to transmit to the
dispatcher. If one unit desires to talk to another unit, they simply call the
dispatcher and request permission. If granted, the dispatcher will send a
selective call to both units – enabling the conversation. At the end of the
conversation, dispatcher re-mutes the radios by sending a call cancel
message.
Microphone Monitor
An over-the-air microphone monitor command can be sent by the
dispatcher to a target radio equipped with a QS-5000. When the target
receives the command, the radio will key up and transmit an

acknowledgment and then send ambient noise (in GE Star®, for 15
seconds; in MDC-1200®, for the time designated by the dispatcher
sending he command).
Emergency Message
An Emergency message is transmitted whenever the designated
emergency button is held down for greater than the time programmed in
the personality of the radio.
The emergency message ID can be programmed to be different than the

radio PTT ANI. If the ID’s are different and an emergency message is
sent, the QS-5000 will expect an acknowledgment to the emergency ID
not the PTT ID.
The emergency message transmission will be repeated a programmed

number of times with a programmed period between transmissions. The
repeats will be transmitted regardless of radio status. Available times
are as follows:
Number of repeat emergency transmissions. (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, forever)

[Default = 5]. Time between emergency repeats. (5s, 10, 20, 30s)
[Default=10s].
If desired, a warning tone can be sounded in the local speaker to advise

the user that an emergency message has been sent.
In conjunction with a properly configured radio personality, the radio will

change channels prior to sending the emergency message.
The emergency cycle is terminated at the conclusion of the repeats;

upon receipt of an acknowledgment or by cycling power.
Man-Down
The Man-Down feature is primarily for use by law enforcement, security
agencies, and fire departments. It also finds uses in business and
industry where individuals can be overcome by toxic fumes, lack of
oxygen, etc.
The Man-Down ID is generally initiated by closure of a mercury switch

located within a hand-held radio when the radio is continuously tipped
greater than 60 degrees from vertical. To guard against false “Man-
Down” transmissions an initial pause of a few seconds is provided during
which the closure must be constant. After this duration a short tone is
produced via the radio's speaker. A second pause follows the tone to
allow the radio to be placed in an upright position (in the event no actual
“Man-Down” is occurring). Following the second pause the “Man-Down-
ID” data burst is transmitted in the same manner as the “Emergency-ID”.
The Man-Down mode also can include the microphone monitoring
alternative. Transmission of a unique coding for the Man-Down
message (in lieu of a general Emergency coding), and multiple choices
of initiation, tone, and final pause times are special features of the QS-
5000 when using GE Star® signaling.
Status
Status messages typically relate to the status of the field unit, such as “In
Service”, “Out Of Service”, “On Break”, etc. and their appropriate
meaning can be displayed at the decoding site equipped with a Cimarron
Technologies C Plus decoder. The QS-5000 is capable of transmitting
status messages in lieu of the Man-Down, Emergency and PTT ANI as
required.
Canned Messages
“Canned” messages handle such communications as “Request-To-Talk”,
“Priority-Request-To-Talk”, “Repeat Last Transmission”, “Repeat
Address”, “10-4”, “Roger”, and other routine requests and responses.
Their appropriate meaning can be displayed at the decoding site
equipped with a Cimarron Technologies C Plus decoder. The QS-5000
is capable of transmitting canned messages in lieu of the Man-Down,
Emergency and PTT ANI as required.
Secure Voice Features

The QS-5000 has a programmable method of defining available
inversion frequencies and dwell times which will allow the product to be
precisely tailored based on the technical requirements of the
communications system in which it is used. Additionally, special lock-out
parameters can be programmed at the factory to make one users
modules incompatible with any other end user even if the same crypto
key is used.
The receiving QS-5000 can automatically select the correct mode (plain
text/cipher) in which to operate. The operator selects whether to
transmit in plain text mode or cipher mode. The devices can also be
programmed to force the radio receiver to remain muted unless the
correct key is in use.
A go-ahead tone in the local speaker advises the user regarding which
mode he is transmitting in.
For unique data transmission security, the QS-5000 has the capability of
digitally encrypting all MDC data.
The encryption engine used is a Feistel type cipher that uses operations
from mixed (orthogonal) algebraic groups.
Chapter 5 Technical Information 47
C H A P T E R 5
Technical Information
GE Star® Format Selections
Radio systems using GE Star® can define the T1, T2 and S1 bits to have
different values or various meanings. Industry-wide, there are sixteen
accepted variants with Format “B” being the industry defacto standard.
The QS-5000 is programmable for any of the sixteen variants.
Format Definitions
The following table defines the sixteen GE Star® formats.
Format Description T1 T2 S1 Comments

A IDs to 2047 (1st 11 bits). X X X T1, T2, and S1 ignored
B IDs to 16383 (14 bit ID) 8192 4096 2048 Expanded-ID STAR #1.
C IDs to 16383 (14 bit ID) 4096 8192 2048 GE-STAR #3.
D IDs to 16383 (14 bit ID) 4096 2048 8192 Compatible with GE-STAR #4
E IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID, T2 =“0”) 2048 M0 X GE-STAR #1. T2 = “0” for Mobile.
F IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID, T2=“1”) 2048 P1 X GE-STAR #1. T2 = “1” for Portable.
G IDs to 8191 (13 bit ID, T2 =“0”) 4096 M0 2048 GE-STAR #2. T2 = “0” for Mobile.
H IDs to 8191 (13 bit ID, T2 =“1”) 4096 P1 2048 GE-STAR #2. T2 = “1” for Portable.
I IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID), 0 0 2048 System “0”
Tags=“00”
J IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID), 0 1 2048 System “1”.
Tags=“01”
K IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID), 1 0 2048 System “2”.
Tags=“10”
L IDs to 4095 (12 bit ID), 1 1 2048 System “3”.
Tags=“11”
M-P IDs to 2047 (11 bit ID) X Identical to I - L with capability only to
program IDs to max of 2047.
Value Assignment Description

8192 If bit is set, add 8192 to ID
M0 If the bit is not set, originator is a Mobile
P1 If the bit is set, originator is a Portable
X This bit is ignored
For System types I through P, the C Plus decoder looks for a match in
the T1 and T2 bits. If the bits match then the C Plus decoder will react to
the received message. If not, the message is ignored. This is for
communications systems that have multiple unrelated users so that
different users do not see ID’s from other users.
GE Star® Message Descriptions

The GE Star® bits designated S2, S3, S4 and M1 through M4 are used
to code various messages. The QS-5000 can be programmed so that
different message types are transmitted for PTT ANI, Emergency ANI,
Man-Down and TOT ANI. The desired star code is selected in

programming. The table below describes the Star codes, the value to
enter while programming and the corresponding decoder displayed
message:
STAR CODE GE Star Message C Plus Decoder REMARKS

code display
000-0000 00 STATUS 0 Status
001–0000 10 STATUS 1 Status
000-0001 01 (none) ANI ID and SelCall Ack
000-0010 02 INTG ACK Interrogate Ack
000-0011 03 REQ TALK Request to talk
000-0100 04 MSSAGE C Canned Message
000-0101 05 MSSAGE D Canned Message
000-0110 06 TAXI BID Taxi Bid
000-0111 07 EMRGENCY Emergency
000-1000 08 CNCL ACK Call Cancel Ack
000-1001 09 STUCKMIC Stuck Microphone
000-1010 0A MNTR ACK Open Mic Monitor Ack
000-1011 0B MSSAGE F Canned Message
000-1100 0C MSSAGE G Canned Message
000-1101 0D MSSAGE H Canned Message
000-1110 0E MSSAGE J Canned Message
000-1111 0F MAN-DOWN Man-Down
100-1010 4A DSBL ACK Radio Disable Ack
101-1010 5A ENBL ACK Radio Enable Ack
(not listed) (not listed) UNDEFINE Undefined
MDC-1200® Message Type

To increase flexibility of the QS-5000 and enhance compatibility with
existing communications systems, the format of encoded MDC-1200®
messages can be modified. The default message type for a PTT ANI is
represented by 0x8001 and the default message type for an Emergency
ANI is 0x8000. These parameters should not be changed without a
thorough understanding of the signaling system and existing signaling
codes.
Inversion Code Line Interpretation

There are four inversion code lines that can be interfaced to radios that
support code selection. The QS-5000 can use these lines to permit the
user to assign, on a per channel basis, different ANI type, ID and
inversion parameters on up to 16 channels. Code line states relate to
channel selection per the following table:
Interpreted Inversion Code Line State

Channel 3 2 1 0
1 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 1
3 0 0 1 0
4 0 0 1 1
5 0 1 0 0
6 0 1 0 1
7 0 1 1 0
8 0 1 1 1
9 1 0 0 0
10 1 0 0 1
11 1 0 1 0
12 1 0 1 1
13 1 1 0 0
14 1 1 0 1
15 1 1 1 0
16 1 1 1 1
When installing into a host radio with this capability, note the levels on
the associated radio pads while changing the channels as some radios
label the code lines in reverse order.
In this table, “Code Line State” refers to logical inputs after QuikWare
Digital I/O crossbar polarity has been applied to physical inputs (Neg
polarity assigned).
Trunking Operation
In LTR trunking mode, we will not generate data until we know that the
user has been given permission. When the QS-5000 is placed in
Trunking mode, the channel acquired line will be used to sense that the
channel is ready for use.
Emergency
The radio operator has just pressed the emergency button. The QS-
5000 activates the radio PTT line and watches the Channel Acquired
line. It holds off modulating data until the channel acquired has become
active and remains active for the duration of the time set in the trunk
select debounce timer. It then sends out the data and un-keys the radio.
In this timing chart, the distance between green lines is 100mS and
between brown lines is 200mS. Trunk select debounce time is set for
200mS and channel acquired input is set for trunk available when high.
PTT at beginning
The user has just keyed up the radio to speak, he waits for the go-ahead
beep from the radio speaker, and the QS-5000 starts monitoring the
Channel acquired line. Once the line becomes active and stays active
for the duration of the trunk select debounce timer, the QS-5000 sends
the PTT ANI data and the radio sends the go-ahead beep to the speaker
so the user can begin talking.
PTT at end
The user has keyed the radio, received the go-ahead beep and has sent
his voice message. The QS-5000 detects that the radio unkeyed and
then rekeys it and waits for the Channel acquired line to become active
and remain active for the duration of the time set in the trunk select
debounce timer. The QS-5000 then sends out the PTT ANI data and
unkeys the radio. If the radio PTT line is placed in series with the QS-
5000 by using the PTT line and the KEY line and programming Key
follows PTT, the QS-5000 will hold the radio keyed and send ANI after
the user releases the PTT without actually unkeying the radio.
Inversion Scrambling
The Cimarron inversion scrambling scheme is unique in that it is
adaptive to the communications system in which it will be used. When
initially setting up the communications system, the QS-5000 boards must
be programmed with configuration information. QuikSync uses dynamic
frequency inversion scrambling, but, unlike other schemes, the range of
inversion frequencies is specified during set-up
as well as minimum and maximum dwell times.
In this manner, the actual inversion frequency
can be fixed so that all units always use the same
split frequency (like current low end boards on
the market); or the inversion frequency can
change for each press of the PTT, staying at that
split frequency only for the period of that transmission; or the board can
hop around a pre-defined range of frequencies in a random manner and
for random dwell times. The actual decision (and level of security) can
be tailored precisely to the limitations of the communications system.
There are six preset levels of security to choose from when configuring
the board. These preset levels can be additionally adjusted as
necessary for precise system integration.
Description Pro Con

Level 1 Single inversion frequency Best audio quality, Best Not very secure
system pass thru
Level 2 Frequency changes every PTT Better security, easy system Marginal security
pass thru
Level 3 Wider frequency changes on every Improved security Reduced voice quality
PTT System pass thru could
suffer
Level 4 Frequencies changing randomly with Much better security Voice quality and system
fixed dwell times every PTT pass thru may suffer
Level 5 Frequencies and dwell time changing Very good security Voice quality lower, may
randomly every PTT not pass thru systems
Level 6 Frequencies and dwell time changing Excellent security Lowest voice quality, may
randomly at wide variations not pass thru systems.
Each transmission that does not use simple single frequency inversion is
prefaced with a very short MSK “setup” data burst. This digitally
encrypted data burst initializes the receiving radios and presents the
“game plan” for the inversion scrambling process which is valid only for
that transmission. Because the MSK data burst is encrypted, only those
QuikSync units with the correct crypto key will successfully decrypt the
game plan and be able to extract clear audio from the voice inversion
scrambling hash. Additionally, special codes are available for assignment
to demanding clients which will make their QS-5000’s totally
incompatible with any other QS-5000 even if the crypto key is
compromised.
If the security level selected is not simple single frequency inversion, the
receiving QS-5000 will automatically select the correct mode (plain or
scrambled) in which to operate. So even though a radio has the QS-
5000 installed and activated to transmit scrambled speech, if an
unscrambled transmission is received, the board will not attempt to
unscramble it, allowing it to pass directly to the receive audio circuits.
However, the user will need to turn off his voice inversion scrambling in
order to reply to the individual transmitting in plain mode.
The QS-5000 can be placed in a mode which uses predefined inversion

frequencies instead of using the digital encryption setup mode. The
operation is then similar to legacy voice inversion modules where only
one inversion frequency is used or a list of inversion frequencies can be
selected from. In this mode, there is no setup burst transmitted at the
beginning of scrambled transmissions and all received transmissions are
assumed to have been scrambled.
Component Location
Schematics
Parts List
Item Quantity Reference Part Manuf Manuf PN Vendor Vendor PN
1 2 C2,C1 0402C 7.5PF Murata GJM1555C1H7R5CB01D Digikey 490-3108-1-ND

2 1 C3 0402R 1000PF/25V Panasonic ECJ-0EB1H102K Digikey PCC1721CT-ND
3 1 C4 0402C .01uf/25V Murata GRM155R71C103KA01D Digikey 490-1313-1-ND
4 1 C5 0603C 2.2/6.3V Panasonic ECJ-1VB0J225K Digikey PCC2273CT-ND
5 24 C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C12,C13,C14, 0402C .1uF Murata GRM155R61A104KA01D Digikey 490-1318-1-ND
C15,C16,C17,C20,C23,C25,C26,
C27,C28,C29,C30,C31,C32,C37,
C38,C39
6 1 C11 0603C 4.7/6.3V Panasonic ECJ-1VB0J475M Digikey PCC2318CT-ND
7 1 C18 0402C 3300pF Panasonic ECJ-0EB1H332K Digikey PCC1727CT-ND
8 3 C19,C24,C44 0402C .01uF Murata GRM155R71C103KA01D Digikey 490-1313-1-ND
9 3 C21,C22,C34 0402C 1uF Murata GM155R60J105ME19D Digikey 490-1319-2-ND
11 1 C35 0402C 15000pF Panasonic ECJ-0EB1C153K Digikey PCC1701CT-ND
13 1 C40 0603C 4.7uF Panasonic ECJ-1VB0J475M Digikey PCC2318CT-ND
14 1 C41 0402C 160pF Murata GRM1555C1H161JA01D Digikey 490-3230-1-ND
15 1 C42 0402C 43pF Murata GRM1555C1H430JZ01D Digikey 490-3222-1-ND
17 1 C45 C2PTANT-A4.7uF Rohm TCTAL1E475M8R Digikey 511-1503-1-ND
18 1 C46 0402C 100pF Kemet C0402C101J3GACTU Digikey 399-1022-1-ND
19 1 C47 0603C 10uF Panasonic ECJ-1VB0J106M Digikey PCC2395CT-ND
20 3 DP1,DP2,DP3 QSBT40 Diodes Inc QSBT40-7-F Digikey QSBT40-FDIDKR-ND
21 1 D1 BAT54HT1 ON Semi BAT54HT1G Digikey BAT54HT1GOSCT-ND
22 5 JP1,JP2,JP3,JP6,JP8 JMP2 Not Installed
23 4 JP4,JP5,JP7,JP9 JMP3 Not Installed
24 4 JP10,JP11,JP12,JP13 JMP1 Not Installed
25 1 L1 0402L 600 Murata BLM15AG601SN1D Digikey 490-1006-1-ND
26 3 Q1,Q3,Q6 UP04316 PANASONIC UP0431600L Digikey UP0431600LCT-ND
27 2 Q4,Q7 UP04216 Panasonic UP0421600L Digikey UP0421600LCT-ND
28
29 14 RP2,RP3,RP4,RP5,RP6,RP7,RP 10K Panasonic EXB24V103JX Digikey Y5103TR-ND
8,RP9,RP10,RP11,RP12,RP13,R
P14,RP15
30 1 RP16 47K Panasonic EXB24V473JX Digikey Y5473TR-ND
33 1 R1,R16 0402R 33 Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ330X Digikey P33JCT-ND
34 2 R2,R4 0402R 100 Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ101X Digikey P100JCT-ND
35 1 R3 0402R 910 Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ911X Digikey P910JCT-ND
36 2 R5,R25 0402R 10K Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ103X Digikey P10KJCT-ND
37 3 R6,R10,R12 0402R 4.7K Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ472X Digikey P4.7KJCT-ND
38 3 R8,R11,R13 0603R 1K Panasonic ERJ-3GEYJ102V Digikey P1.0KGCT-ND
39 1 R14 0402R 470K Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ474X Digikey P470KJCT-ND
40 2 R15,R27 0402R 1K Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ102X Digikey P1.0KJCT-ND
42 2 R18,R24 0402R 0 Panasonic ERJ-2GE0R00X Digikey P0.0JCT-ND
45 4 TH1,TH2,TH3,TH4 THRUHOLE Not Installed
46 36 T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,T10 TERMINAL Not Installed
,T11,T12,T13,T14,T15,T16,T17,
T18,T19,T20,T21,T22,T23,T24,T
25,T26,T27,T28,T29,T30,T31,T3
2,T33,T34,T35,T36
47 1 U1 AT91SAM7S12 Atmel AT91SAM7S128MU Digikey AT91SAM7S128-MU-ND
48 1 U2 TLV320AIC12K TI TLV320AIC12KIDBT Arrow TLV320AIC12KIDBT
49 1 U3 MAX9030AXT+ Maxim MAX9030AXT-T MAXIM MAX9030AXT-T
50 1 U4 LMV772MM National LMV772MM Digikey LMV772MMCT-ND
51 1 U5 LT1763 Linear Tech LT1763CDE-3.3 Linear Tech LT1763CDE-3.3
52 1 Y1 18.432MHZ,FX FOX 603-18.432-3 FOX 603-18.432-3
53 2 R22,R23 0402R 330K Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ334X Digikey P2330KJCT-ND
54 1 PT1 0402ESDA-MLPCooper 0402ESDA-MLP7 Digikey 283-2792-1-ND
55 1 PCB, QS-5000 Cimarron Cimarron
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 58
C H A P T E R 6
Troubleshooting
Installation Hints
The QS-5000 must be programmed with your desires before it will work
in your system. For data transmissions, the QS-5000 will be keying the
associated transmitter and injecting audio data into the radio. It is very
important to adjust data out to ensure the correct deviation level. The
deviation level should be just marginally below that of voice. Keep in
mind that most transmitters have limiter circuitry. Limiter circuits ensure
that the radio will never over-deviate and violate FCC rules. The limiter
does this by clipping the transmit audio. The output of the QS-5000 must
be adjusted to a point just below where limiter clipping occurs. If the
limiter is allowed to function, the data will be distorted.
Isolating System Problems

Today’s modern communication systems take advantage of many
available resources. Voters, repeaters, various trunking protocols,
scramblers and innumerable other devices make passing data
substantially more difficult than it was in the “Simplex” days.
Timing is very important. If you have system problems, the first place to
spend your energies is with timing issues. Check attack delay in
repeater systems. Start with a long delay that gives you 100% decode
and then shorten it up.
If you have trunking system problems using the QS-5000, review the
trunking information located on page 49 of this manual.
Equipment Problems
Radio Keys and Stays Keyed
If the radio sends ANI data and then stays keyed even after releasing the
PTT button, verify the condition of jumper JP-12 on the QS-5000 and the
programming parameter “Key follows PTT”. If you have “Key Follows
PTT” enabled or jumper JP-12 connected when they should not be, this
symptom could occur.
Radio Keys up but stays Keyed only for Duration of ANI

This symptom is usually caused by incorrect conditions of the “Key
follows PTT” parameter and QS-5000 jumper JP-12.
ID Decoded is not the same as Programmed

This occurs when the unit is in GE Star® mode and the QS-5000
“format” is not set the same as the decoder. See page 47 for details.
Channel Preferences not the same as Programmed

The QS-5000 is capable of being programmed with different parameters
for sixteen different channels. In compatible radios, the radio can be
programmed for different “codes” on different channels. The QS-5000
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 59
can use these lines to permit the user to assign, on a per channel basis,
different ANI type, ID and inversion parameters as well as crypto keys
and frequencies on up to 16 channels. When installing into a host radio
with this capability, note the levels on the associated radio pads while
changing the channels as some radios label the code lines in reverse
order. Also, note the polarity of active lines and use the QuikWare
Digital I/O crossbar polarity field to match that of the radio.
Chapter 7 Product Support 60
C H A P T E R 7
Product Support
If you have any questions or comments about Cimarron products, please make
use of our technical support hotline at (760) 738-3285.
Cimarron Technologies Corporation

934 South Andreasen Drive, Suite G
Escondido, CA 92029
Technical Support Hot-Line (760) 738-3285
service@cimtechcorp.com
www.cimtechcorp.com
WARRANTY
Cimarron Technologies Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in material and
workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. If a malfunction occurs due to defective
material or workmanship, the product will be repaired or replaced (Cimarron's discretion) without charge if
returned to the factory
This warranty does not apply to any failure or damage caused by accident, neglect, unreasonable use,
improper installation, or to alterations or modifications to the unit. Nor does the warranty extend to damage
incurred by force majeure (natural causes) such as lightning, fire, floods, or other such catastrophes, nor to
damage caused by environmental extremes, power surges and/or transients
Cimarron Technologies Corporation makes no other warranty, either expressed or implied, with respect to this
product. Cimarron Technologies Corporation specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose. Some states or provinces do not allow limitations on how long an implied
warranty lasts, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.
The remedies provided herein are customer's sole and exclusive remedies. In no event shall Cimarron
Technologies Corporation be liable for any lost profits, direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential
damages, whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.
Appendix A Secure Voice Considerations 61
A P P E N D I X A
Secure Voice Considerations
The QS-5000 is designed to permit adjustment of its inversion
parameters to meet the security requirements of the user while
remaining within the constraints of the communications system and the
desired audio quality of the communications.
These adjustments allow the implementing facility (radio shop) to get the
best audio quality that their communications system and security
requirements will allow.
This appendix addresses the interactions between inversion settings,

system requirements, security level and voice quality.
Voice Quality
Voice quality is a function of the permitted voice spectrum and the quality
of the procedure (and components) that performs the inversion process.
The radio transmitted voice spectrum is limited by the actual radio
equipment to a band from 300 Hz to 3000 Hz. So normal audio that has
not been processed by an inversion scrambler is limited to that spectrum.
Voice inversion scrambling takes the frequency component and creates

a mirror image around an inversion frequency. This process results in
spectrum loss. To illustrate this loss, consider the following examples.
Example 1:
Inversion frequency is 2200 Hz and results in 300 becoming 1900 and
3000 becoming (!) -800 Hz. Radio processing then allows only the
resultant spectrum of 300 through 1900 Hz to be transmitted. At the
recovery, 300 becomes 1900 and 1900 becomes 300 resulting in a
recovered spectrum of 300 - 1900. A loss of the 1900 Hz through 3000
Hz audio.
Example 2:
Inversion frequency is 4000 Hz and results in 300 becoming 3700 and
3000 becoming 1000 Hz. Radio processing then allows only the
resultant spectrum of 1000 through 3000 Hz to be transmitted. At the
recovery, 1000 becomes 3000 and 3000 becomes 1000 resulting in a
recovered spectrum of 1000 - 3000. A loss of the 300 through 1000 Hz
audio.
After complete processing and radio filtering, low inversion frequencies

kill high freq response and makes audio at speaker "bassy" while high
inversion frequencies kill low freq response and makes the audio at
speaker "tinny".
Now, consider example 3:

Inversion frequency is 3300 Hz results in 300 becoming 3000 and 3000
becoming 300 Hz. Radio processing then allows the entire resultant
spectrum of 300 through 3000 Hz to be transmitted. At the recovery, 300
once again becomes 3000 and 3000 becomes 300. There is no
spectrum loss at an inversion frequency near or on 3300 Hz.
So, the best audio quality can be obtained by making an inversion

scrambler work at around 3300 Hz. The farther the inversion process
moves from 3300 Hz, the more the voice quality suffers.
But, a scrambler that inverts at 3300 Hz all of the time only provides
minimal security from eavesdroppers while providing the best audio
quality.
Security Level
So, there’s minimal tactical security to a scrambler that always uses the
same frequency for inversion. In many cases, this level of security is
sufficient, and it affords the best audio quality. But, resourceful
adversaries require resourceful countermeasures.
You could periodically change your inversion frequency, always staying

around 3300 Hz and maybe avoiding those inversion frequencies used
by the most available and common scramblers.
The more frequently you change your inversion frequency, the higher
level of security you achieve. Additionally, the greater the change in your
inversion frequency without any incremental steps, the more difficult it

will be for eavesdroppers to continue monitoring your communications.
The actual security level achieved by voice scramblers is inversely

proportional to their audio quality. Additionally, existing descramblers
and their availability to the general public significantly reduces your
chances of maintaining tactical security.
Scramblers that periodically change inversion frequency are called

“Hoppers” if they go from one discreet frequency to another without
traveling through the “in-between” frequencies. Otherwise, they could be
“Rolling” code scramblers that make a lot of incremental stops while
going from one frequency to another.
The greater the frequency difference from one stop to another, the higher
the level of security. Additionally, the more frequent the change, the
higher the security. Now, together, permit random changing of the
direction of the frequency shift, random selection of inversion frequency
and random period of time before changing, and your tactical security
level has been drastically improved.
The QS-5000 allows for programming lower and upper inversion

frequency limits as well as minimum and maximum “dwell” times. A
dwell time is the time that the scrambler board will use one inversion
frequency before changing to the next. All changes are randomly
executed as is the subsequent direction of travel.
The QS-5000 is capable of being programmed to use inversion

frequencies from 2100 Hz to 4100 Hz and dwell times from 10 mS to 1
Second. You can vary these as required for your tactical security
environment. Remember that best audio is achieved at 3300 Hz and
slower (or no) dwell times. Best security is achieved with large inversion
frequency swings and rapid dwell times. The QS-5000 is also uniquely
able to change inversion frequency on a per PTT basis so that each
transmission uses a different frequency.
These unique capabilities give the implementing radio shop previously

unheard of flexibility. The inversion process can be precisely tailored to
match the requirements of the end-user. But there is still one additional
consideration before deciding on values to use.
System Considerations
Existing voice security equipment provides a particular fixed level of
security. The manufacturer has designed multiple model number
scramblers with varying levels of security and voice quality. Typically, a
system manager would decide which model number to use by analyzing
customer requirements balanced with system capabilities. Then they
would implement the model that matched those requirements. The
higher level of security, the more the manufacturer charges for the board.
If the requirements change, or the communications system is upgraded,
they are either stuck with the level of security they already have, or they
need to replace all security components with ones that match the new
requirements. The QS-5000 has been designed so that the security
level is software defined. This means that as requirements change, the
boards can be simply reprogrammed to once again match the
requirements. The same board will do simple, non-changing inversion

scrambling as well as high speed random true hopping and everything in
between.
We have discussed how as voice security goes up, voice quality goes
down. But those are not your only considerations when deciding on
inversion process parameters. The overall communications system must
be capable of transporting your scrambled signals and, in the case of
hopping schemes, the data message that synchronizes the process.
Complex communications systems may be made up of a wide mix of

microwave links, voters, repeaters, landlines and other equipment.
These devices result in “processing” the audio and as such, influence
your maximum attainable security level. If the communications system
already limits the available frequency spectrum, you will have less
spectrum for the inversion process. If you use a too advanced scrambler
board (or software defined scheme in the case of the Cimarron board) on
a degraded communications system, the resulting voice quality will be
unacceptable or the inversion process will not be able to recover the
original audio from the scrambled audio. In hopping schemes, if the
setup data message is not successfully being delivered through the
communications links, then descrambling will not take place.
Making it Simple
The QS-5000 offers software definable voice security. To make initial
scheme implementation easier, the QS-5000 allows the selection of pre-
programmed levels of inversion scrambling when configuring the board.
These preset levels can be additionally adjusted if necessary for precise
system integration. The lowest level uses only one inversion frequency
which is never changed. The remaining levels progressively increase
the inversion frequency range and rapidity of changing the inversion
frequency. These preset levels will provide the system manager with a
starting point and a development tool for experimentation if desired.
Once a level is selected that meets user requirements, the parameters
can then be further adjusted to “fine tune” them to attain the security
level, voice quality and system limitations desired.
Level One
Level one is the simplest scrambling method and consists of one non-
varying inversion frequency. The inversion frequency selected provides
for the widest bandwidth inversion resultant. This provides the most
basic level of security. The presence of a setup databurst instructs the

QS-5000 to descramble the incoming audio.
Level Two
Level two provides basic security using dynamic inversion scrambling
where the inversion frequency is changed for every transmission. The
inversion frequency range used is centered around “sweet” frequencies
that afford the largest resultant bandwidth and most easily pass through
complex communications systems. A different inversion frequency is
selected each time the radio PTT is depressed.
Level Three
Level three security uses a wide range of inversion frequencies that is
changed for each transmission.
Level Four
This level provides stronger security by varying inversion frequency at a
fixed dwell time. This is dynamic inversion scrambling that hops from
frequency to frequency. Inversion frequency range is limited. A typical
one minute transmission will be scrambled by different inversion
frequencies approximately 250 times.
Level Five
Level Five security uses a wide range of inversion frequencies that are
randomly selected and used for random periods of time before they are
changed. This results in audio that is scrambled by varying frequencies
and varying periods. It would not be possible for a listener without the
similar equipment and the precise crypto key to synchronize on the
scrambled signal. Inversion frequency and dwell time ranges are
conservative, affording high security with good audio quality.
Level Six
Level six affords the most secure of the six preset levels. Inversion
frequencies between 2100 Hz and 4100 Hz are randomly selected to
scramble the transmitted audio. The selected audio is used for a random
period of time, changing up to 100 times a second. Even the period of
time that the inversion frequency is used is randomly changed. One
frequency might be used for 10 milliseconds while the next frequency
might be used for 100 milliseconds.
Appendix B Snap-In QS-5000 Carrier 66
A P P E N D I X B
Snap-In QS-5000 Carrier
The QS-5000 snap-in carrier consists of a break-out board with mating
receptacle and latch devices for insertion of a QS-5000. Interface wiring
can be soldered to feed-throughs on the carrier. This is handy for
console applications or bench testing.
2: A+ 1: 3.3V 2: AFOUT 1: A+
4: Reset 3: TXD1 4: MICOUT 3: AFIN
6: Erase 5: PA2 6: Sidetone 5: MICIN
8: TCK 7: RXD1 8: AIN1 7: DiscIN
10: GND 9: PA23 10: IN1 9: AIN0
12: PA9 11: TDO 12: IN3 11: IN0
14: TST 13: TMS 14: IN5 13: IN2
16: GND 15: TMS 16: IN7 15: IN4
18: TDI 17: PA3 18: OUT0 17: IN6
20: USBP 19: RESIN 20: OUT2 19: IN8
22: USBM 21: N/C 22: OUT4 21: OUT1
24: PA4 23: N/C 24: PA6 23: OUT3
26: GND 25: GND 26: GND 25: PA5
Index 67
I N D E X
Acknowledgment delay .................................................................................................................................................. 29
ANI ID............................................................................................................................................................................ 41
ANI repeat timer ............................................................................................................................................................. 29
Attack delay .................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Audio level adjustments.................................................................................................................................................. 12
Audio quality .................................................................................................................................................................. 61
Authorized base ID ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Automatic Numeric Identification .................................................................................................................................. 41
Canned messages ............................................................................................................................................................ 44
Channel busy ............................................................................................................................................................ 17, 22
Channels ......................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Cipher mode.................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Continuing conversations................................................................................................................................................ 41
Courtesy beep ............................................................................................................................................................. 7, 41
Critical channel revert............................................................................................................................................... 18, 20
Crypto keys..................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Data deviation........................................................................................................................................................... 12, 58
Define authorized base ID .............................................................................................................................................. 27
Disconnect delay............................................................................................................................................................. 30
Discriminator ...................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17, 22
Dwell time ...................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Dynamic hop dwell........................................................................................................................................................... 8
Dynamic inversion............................................................................................................................................................ 8
Emergency .......................................................................................................................................................... 17, 19, 43
Emergency message........................................................................................................................................................ 26
Emergency message repeat ....................................................................................................................................... 30, 43
Emergency TX warning tone .......................................................................................................................................... 31
Emergency warning tone ................................................................................................................................................ 43
Encrypt ANI.................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Encryption key................................................................................................................................................................ 27
Features............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Flexibility........................................................................................................................................................................ 63
Gain level........................................................................................................................................................................ 28
Gain settings ................................................................................................................................................................... 27
GE Star format type ........................................................................................................................................................ 47
GE Star message descriptions ......................................................................................................................................... 47
GE Star® selective call ................................................................................................................................................... 25
Go-ahead beep .................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Group ID......................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Hoppers........................................................................................................................................................................... 63
ID location ...................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Input ports................................................................................................................................................................. 12, 33
Installation hints.............................................................................................................................................................. 58
Inversion code input........................................................................................................................................................ 14
Inversion code selection.................................................................................................................................................. 21
Inversion frequency ............................................................................................................................................ 13, 24, 62
Inversion preamble ......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Inversion scrambling....................................................................................................................................................... 50
Inversion status ............................................................................................................................................................... 20
Inversion switch.............................................................................................................................................................. 21
Inversion type ................................................................................................................................................................. 24
Jumper options................................................................................................................................................................ 13
Jumpers and pads ............................................................................................................................................................ 15
Key follows PTT....................................................................................................................................................... 30, 58
Key output ................................................................................................................................................................ 17, 19
Level of security ............................................................................................................................................................. 62
Man down ........................................................................................................................................................... 17, 19, 44
Index 68
Man down activation delay ............................................................................................................................................. 32

Man down message repeat .............................................................................................................................................. 31
Man down TX warning tone ........................................................................................................................................... 32
Man down warning delay................................................................................................................................................ 32
Mandown message.......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Maximum inversion frequency ....................................................................................................................................... 24
MDC-1200 message type................................................................................................................................................ 48
Microphone..................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Microphone monitoring .................................................................................................................................................. 44
Minimum inversion frequency........................................................................................................................................ 24
Mode............................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Multilevel outputs ........................................................................................................................................................... 13
Mute mode ...................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Mute on incorrect key ..................................................................................................................................................... 29
Non-critical ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Non-volatile memory ...................................................................................................................................................... 40
Number of repeat emergency transmissions ................................................................................................................... 31
Open collector outputs .................................................................................................................................................... 13
Open microphone monitor on man down........................................................................................................................ 31
Output ports .............................................................................................................................................................. 12, 33
Physical assignments ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Physical installation ........................................................................................................................................................ 11
Power up mode ............................................................................................................................................................... 25
Product support ............................................................................................................................................................... 60
Product type .................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Programming .................................................................................................................................................................. 23
Programming software.................................................................................................................................................... 23
PTT ................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
PTT input.................................................................................................................................................................. 18, 19
PTT message................................................................................................................................................................... 26
QuikSync .................................................................................................................................................................... 7, 41
QuikWare........................................................................................................................................................................ 23
Radio connections..................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17
Radio disable .................................................................................................................................................................. 20
Random........................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Receive wildcard disable ................................................................................................................................................ 30
Recovered spectrum........................................................................................................................................................ 62
Reducing data transmissions........................................................................................................................................... 41
Repeat emergency transmissions .................................................................................................................................... 43
Repeaters ........................................................................................................................................................................ 58
Rolling code.................................................................................................................................................................... 63
RX audio in......................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17, 22
RX audio out....................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17, 22
Security level .................................................................................................................................................................. 64
Security requirements ..................................................................................................................................................... 61
Selective call................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Selective call output.................................................................................................................................................. 18, 20
Sidetone .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Sidetone with PTT ANI .................................................................................................................................................. 29
Simple inversion ............................................................................................................................................................. 14
Sleep input ................................................................................................................................................................ 18, 20
Software definable voice security ................................................................................................................................... 64
Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Status messages .............................................................................................................................................................. 44
Supervisor level .............................................................................................................................................................. 23
System considerations..................................................................................................................................................... 63
System problems............................................................................................................................................................. 58
System protection ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
Tactical security.............................................................................................................................................................. 62
Time between emergency repeats ................................................................................................................................... 43
Time between man down repeats.................................................................................................................................... 32
Time out timer .......................................................................................................................................................... 29, 42
Index 69
Timing ............................................................................................................................................................................ 58
Tone control output......................................................................................................................................................... 21
Transmit control.............................................................................................................................................................. 20
Trunking mode................................................................................................................................................................ 49
TX audio in ......................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17, 22
TX audio out ....................................................................................................................................................... 11, 17, 22
TX data level................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Unkey courtesy tone ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
Unmute on selective call................................................................................................................................................. 42
Voice quality................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Voice select call .............................................................................................................................................................. 25
Voice spectrum ............................................................................................................................................................... 61
Warranty ......................................................................................................................................................................... 60

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MODEL QS-5000

Combination Software Defined Secure Voice and GE Star®,

(Photo enlarged to show detail)

© 2005 – 2007 Cimarron Technologies Corp., Escondido, CA, USA.

© 2007 Cimarron Technologies Corporation

Cimarron Technologies Inc.

Cimarron Technologies Corporation is a licensee of the Motorola MDC-1200® Protocol technology.

GE Star® is a registered trademark of General Electric Corporation

Manual revision QS-5000 080104

radio disable and enable

Radio System Advanced microprocessor control permits precise pairing with

Audio Connections and Radio Modifications

TX Audio In and TX Audio Out

RX Audio In and RX Audio Out

Audio Level Adjustments

Optimum level adjustments can be achieved by performing the following steps:

Data Deviation Adjustment

Assignable Physical Inputs and Outputs

Open Collector Outputs OUT0 and OUT1

Multilevel Outputs OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4

Jumper Selection Output with Output with

Crypto Keys or Inversion Frequencies

T13/IN8 T16/OUT0 T3/MIC Out

T15/IN7 T30/IN5 T21/IN2 T18/IN1 T10/MICIN

T7/AIN1 T5/AIN0 T31/A+

for reverse logic.

Signal Input/ Default Wire Color

Channel Busy Input IN2/T21 Violet

Transmit Control Output ** Gray

Critical Chan Revert Output OUT1/T25 White/Brown

Inversion Code 0 Input ** Yellow/Black

Inversion Code 1 Input ** Yellow/Brown

Inversion Code 2 Input ** Yellow/Red

Inversion Code 3 Input ** Yellow/Orange

Inversion Status Output OUT4/T14 Gray/Green

Radio connection Definitions

PTT (Default assignment IN4) Input

Key (Default assignment OUT0) Output

Emergency (Default assignment IN0) Input

Man Down (Default assignment IN1) Input

Selective Call (Default assignment OUT3) Output

Transmit Control Output

Critical Channel Revert (Default assignment OUT1) Output

Inversion Status (Default assignment OUT4) Output

Radio Disable (Default assignment OUT3) Output

The following describes sidetone events:

Tone Control Output (Default assignment OUT2)

Inversion Switch (Default assignment IN5) Input

Inversion Code line 0 Input

Inversion Code line 1 Input

Inversion Code line 2 Input

Inversion Code line 3 Input

Channel Busy (Default assignment IN2) Input

Transmit Audio Out

QuikWare Programming Software

Password required. May change inversion parameters. May not view

No password required. May not view or change inversion parameters.

Factory use only.

VQS-500 Vertex plug-in with full MDC-1200 or GE-Star

This will open a new box:

Microphone Input gain level without inversion

Microphone Output gain level without inversion

AF Input gain level without inversion

AF Output gain level without inversion