Microsoft® Excel 2013 Expert: MOS Certification (Exam 77-428)

Lesson 3 – Create Advanced Formulas

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Objectives

● Nested Functions
After completing
this lesson, you will ● IF, AND , OR functions
be able to work ● Advanced SUMIFS Function
with:
● Advanced COUNTIFS Function
● Advanced AVERAGEIFS Function
● What-if-analysis tools
● Data Consolidation
● Financial functions

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Nested Functions

Nested Function : functions that are defined inside another function while creating a formula.

• You can always tell when a function is nested because it's inside multiple parentheses.

• You can use the results of the nested functions as arguments and pass them to the primary
function.

• You can create up to 64 levels of nested functions in Excel 2013.

• Nested functions are typically created as part of a conditional formulas such as “if” conditions.

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IF , AND , OR Functions

Logical operations seek a result which is either “TRUE” or “FALSE” to an argument. The result of this
function can be passed to another variable if needed.

Logical operators in Excel are , equal to (=), greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to
(>=), less than or equal to (<=), and not equal to (<>) .

Syntax of IF, AND, OR functions are the below:

• =IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)

• =AND (logical1, logical2,…)

• =OR (logical1, logical2, …)

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Business Scenario

John’s manager assigned him task to create a formula which will calculates
the appraisal rating for all the employees as per organization policies. To do
this John taken grades from his manager and created formula by using
logical functions such as, IF,AND, OR functions.

Demo

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Advanced SUMIFS Function

SUMIFS function is most advanced function to sum range values with multiple conditions (up to 127)
in one single SUMIFS function.

Syntax of the SUMIFS function:

=SUMIFS (sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2,...)

Sum range – while in sumif you need to select sum range as the last argument, in sumifs you need to
select sum range first, because, in sumifs functions you can add up to 127 criteria’s (conditions).

Criteria range1- select criteria range, either entire column or only the relevant data.

Criteria 1 – select cell value as criteria, or you can type the value using comparison operators. You
can also use wildcard characters (*,?) and tilde (~) symbols.

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Business Scenario

John’s manager assigned him task to create employee earnings summary

report and hide the source data range. To do this John created names for
department, region, and earnings data range. After that, John created
Summary report format and inserted SUMIFS function, and instead of
selecting data range he selected names which he created earlier. Now, in
the SUMIFS formula only the names and source data range will not visible
to others.

Demo

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Advanced COUNTIFS Function

COUNTIFS function is used to count the number of cells that contain values in a data range by using
multiple criteria’s or conditions. You can choose up to 127 criterias in one single countifs function.

Syntax of the COUNTIFS function:

=COUNTIFS (criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2,...)

Criteria range1- select criteria range entire column or only data.

Criteria 1 – select cell value as criteria or you can type the value using comparison operators, and you
can use wildcard characters (*,?) and tilde (~) symbols.

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Business Scenario

John’s manager assigned him task to create department wise and region
wise earnings report and also hide source data range. To do this John used
department, region, and earnings names. After that John created Summary
report format and inserted COUNTIFS function, and selected names which
he created earlier. Now, in the COUNTIFS formula only names and source
data range will not visible to others.

Demo

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Advanced AVERAGEIFS Function

AVERAGEIFS function is used to get average of a data range by using multiple criteria’s or conditions
(up to 127) in one single averageifs function.

Syntax of the AVERAGEIFS function:

=AVERAGEIFS (average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2,...)

Average range – you need select to average range column, you can select entire column or only the
relevant data range.

Criteria range – select your criteria range column, you can select entire column or only the relevant
data range.

Criteria - you can select a cell value or directly type value. You can use logical operators.

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Business Scenario

John’s manager assigned him task to create department, region wise

average earnings report and hide source data range. To do this John used
department, region, and earnings names. After that John created Summary
report format and inserted AVERAGEIFS function, and selected names
which he created earlier. Now, in the AVERAGEIFS formula only names and
source data range will not visible to others.

Demo

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What-If-Analysis Tools
What-if analysis is the process of changing the values in cells to see how those changes will affect the
outcome of formulas on the worksheet.

1 2
Scenarios Data Table

3
Goal Seek

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Watch Window
• Watch Window is a very effective formula auditing tool for monitoring cell values and critical
formulas.
• Formulas that you add to the watch window are saved with the workbook, and continue to be
available until you delete them.
1

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Business Scenario

John is working on a file which contains critical formulas and he needs to

ensure whenever data changes, the formula needs to populate accurate
results. To do this John created a worksheet with formulas and he added
critical formulas to the watch window.

Demo

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Goal Seek
• You can use goal seek feature in Excel if you know the result that you want from a formula, but you
are not sure what input value the formula requires to get that result.
• Goal seek works with only one input value. For multiple input values you need to use solver add-in.

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Business Scenario

John is creating monthly budget, currently from his five thousand dollars
salary he is saving three thousand four hundred dollars and he would like
to save five thousand dollars per month. To solve this John used Goal seek
data analysis tool, and Goal seek shown solution is if he wants to save five
thousand dollars per month his salary should be six thousand six hundred
dollars.

Demo

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Create Scenarios

• A scenario is a named what-if-analysis tool 1

that includes variable cells linked together
by one or more formulas.

• Scenario manager enables you to create

and saves a set of different input values
that produce different calculated results.

• You can copy scenarios from one worksheet

to any other worksheet with the help of
merge option in scenario manager.

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Business Scenario

John needs one lakh dollars and he planned to take a personal loan from
CITI bank for best interest rate. To solve this John used scenario manager
and created scenario for each bank. After, by using scenario summary
report he had taken decision easy and quickly.

Demo

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Create Data Table
Data Table is a way to see different results by altering an 1
input cell in your formula, and is part of what-if analysis
tools suite of commands.

• One-variable data tables: you can use a one-variable

data table if you want to see how different values of
one variable in one or more formulas will change the
results of those formulas.

• Two-variable data tables: you can use a two- 2

variable data table to see how different values of two
variables in one formula will change the results of the
formula.

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Business Scenario

John’s manager asked him to project sales for 2015 with growth rate and
interest rate. To do this John created data table from what-if-analysis tool
and created data with multiple growth rate and expense rates.

Demo

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Consolidate Data

Data consolidation is a tool to combine data from multiple worksheets or workbook.

Manual data consolidation is a challenging and time consuming task, but using the consolidate data
feature in Excel, you can summarize and report results from separate worksheets

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Business Scenario

John’s manager asked to him to consolidate day wise sales information

from multiple worksheets into summary sheet. To do this John used
consolidate data option from data menu and selected all day wise
worksheet information and clicked on summary.

Demo

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Financial Functions
In Excel 2013, most financial calculations are performed by using the basics: addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.

1 2
Investments Depreciation

3
Security Analysis

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Quiz

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QUIZ
Which option is not belongs to Logical functions?
1

a. IF
b. Today
c. AND
d. OR

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 QUIZ
Which option is not belongs to Logical functions?

a. IF
b. Today
c. AND
d. OR

Answer: b.
Explanation: Today function is categorized as date function

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QUIZ
Which option is correct for SUMIFS function?
2

a. Sum range is required argument

b. Up to 127 criteria's can be used in SUMIFS
c. Sumifs accepts comparison operators
d. All of the Above

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 QUIZ
Which option is correct for SUMIFS function?
2

a. Sum range is required argument

b. Up to 127 criteria's can be used in SUMIFS
c. Sumifs accepts comparison operators
d. All of the Above

Answer: d.
Explanation: Sum range is required argument in SUMIFS and up to 127 criterias you can use
in SUMIFS. Also, you can use comparison operators in SUMIFS function criterias

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QUIZ
Which option in data analysis tools will not be enabled by default in Excel?
3

a. Goal Seek
b. Data Table
c. Solver
d. Scenario Manager

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 QUIZ
Which option in data analysis tools will not be enabled by default in Excel?
3

a. Goal Seek
b. Data Table
c. Solver
d. Scenario Manager

Answer: c.
Explanation: In Excel 2013, solver is a add-in and will not be enabled by default

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QUIZ
Which option is not correct for consolidate data?
4

a. Combing data from multiple worksheets or workbook

b. You can summarize and report results from data on separate worksheets
c. Consolidate can be in the same workbook as the master worksheet
d. Consolidate data from different types of data range

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 QUIZ
Which option is not correct for consolidate data?
4

a. Combing data from multiple worksheets or workbook

b. You can summarize and report results from data on separate worksheets
c. Consolidate can be in the same workbook as the master worksheet
d. Consolidate data from different types of data range

Answer: d.
Explanation: Consolidate data option will not work with different types of data range

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Summary

● Nested Functions
Here is a quick
recap of what we ● IF , AND , OR Functions
have learned in this
● Advanced SUMIFS Function
lesson
● Advanced COUNTIFS Function
● Advanced AVERAGEIFS Function
● What-If-Analysis Tools
● Consolidate Data
● Finally, Financial Functions

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Thank You

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