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BLOCK DIAGRAM
WRITE
__
. VDD
I ~ I
-RAS
---'1'
I
CLOCK WRITE
GENERATOR --VCC
I NO.1
- I CLOCKS
--VSS
I
I
MULTIPLEXEO I ~
1 --VBB
I
CLOCK DATA DATA IN
GENERATOR IN
BUFFER
I
I
CAS
~ I
I
CLOCK
GENERATOR
NO.2
I
I
~ LATCH
DATA
OUT
BUFFER
r- DATA OUT
RELEASE
DUMMY CELLS
A6
AS
! MEMORY ARRAY
~-~
A4
A3
MUX
ADDRESS
INPUT " ROW
DECODER d~~ I
I
I
128 SENSE-REFRESH AMPS
-- 1 OF 2
DATA
A2
BUFFERS
(7)
I--
r-V 1:128 LINES
j
!-
DATA
BUS
SELECT
IN/OUT L.-~
Al I MEMORY ARRAY
AO
DUMMY CELLS
r-~if3'~~-
r-
~
COLUMN DECODERS
MUX
SWITCH I AG-AS 1 OF 64
.... I
A6
MOS-ll1O
ORDERING INFORMATION
2-11
Am9016 (Commercial)
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
vee vss
01 CAS
AO-A6 ADDRESS INPUTS
CAS COLUMN ADDRESS STROBE
WE DO DI DATA IN
RAS A6 DO DATA OUT
RAS ROW ADDRESS STROBE
AD A3
VDD POWER (+12V)
A2 A4 VCC POWER (+5V)
VSS GROUND
Al AS
VBB POWER (-5V)
voo vcc WE WRITE ENABLE
Top View
Pin 1 is marked for orientation.
MaS·1S1
OPERATING RANGE
Ambient Temperature VDD VCC VSS vee
2-12
Am9016 (Commercial)
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over operating range (Notes 2, 3, 5, 10)
Am9016C Am9016D Am9016E Am9016F
Parameters Description Min Max Min Max Min Max Mi n Max U'
mts
tAR RAS LOW to Column Address Hold Time 200 160 120 95 ns
tASC Column Address Set-up Time -10 -10 -10 -10 ns
tASR Row Address Set-up Time 0 0 0 0 ns
tCAC Access Time from CAS (Note 6) 185 165 135 100 ns
tCAH CAS LOW to Column Address Hold Time 85 75 55 45 ns
tCAS CAS Pulse Width 185 10,000 165 10,000 135 10,000 100 10,000 ns
tCP Page Mode CAS Precharge Time 100 100 80 60 ns
tCRP CAS to RAS Precharge Time -20 -20 -20 20 ns
tCSH CAS Hold Time 300 250 200 150 ns
tCWD CAS LOW to WE LOW Delay (Note 9) 145 125 95 70 ns
tCWL WE LOW to CAS HIGH Set-up Time 100 85 70 50 ns
CAS LOW or WE LOW to Data In Valid
tDH 85 75 55 45 ns
Hold Time (Note 7)
tDHR RAS LOW to Data In Valid Hold Time 200 160 120 95 ns
Data In Stable to CAS LOW or
tDS 0 0 0 0 ns
WE LOW Set-up Time (Note 7)
tOFF CAS HIGH to Output OFF Delay 0 60 0 60 0 50 0 40 ns
tPC Page Mode Cycle Time 295 275 225 170 ns
tRAC Access Time from RAS (Note 6) 300 250 200 150 ns
tRAH RAS LOW to Row Address Hold Time 45 35 25 20 ns
tRAS RAS Pulse Width 300 10,000 250 10,000 200 10,000 150 10,000 ns
tRC Random Read or Write Cycle Time 460 410 375 320 ns
tRCD RAS LOW to CAS LCW Delay (Note 6) 35 115 35 85 25 65 20 50 ns
tRCH Read Hold Time 0 0 0 0 ns
tRCS Read Set-up Time 0 0 0 0 ns
tREF Refresh Interval 2 2 2 2 ms
tRMW Read Modify Write Cycle Time 600 500 405 320 ns
tRP RAS Precharge Time 150 150 120 100 ns
tRSH CAS LOW to RAS HIGH Delay 185 165 135 100 ns
tRWC Read/Write Cycle Time 525 425 375 320 ns
tRWD RAS LOW to WE LOW Delay (Note 9) 260 210 160 120 ns
tRWL WE LOW to RAS HIGH Set-up Time 100 85 70 50 ns
IT Transition Time 3 50 3 50 3 50 3 35 ns
tWCH Write Hold Time 85 75 55 45 ns
tWCR RAS LOW to Write Hold Time 200 160 120 95 ns
WE LOW to CAS LOW Set-up Time
tWCS -20 -20 -20 -20 ns
(Note 9)
tWP Write Pulse Width 85 75 55 45 ns
IIOTES maximum value listed for tRCD is shown for reference purposes
only and does not restrict operation of the part.
1. Typical values are for TA = 25°C, nominal supply voltages and
7. Timing reference points for data input set-up and hold times will
nominal processing parameters.
depend on what type of write cycle is being performed and will be
2. Signal transition times are assumed to be 5ns. Transition times are
the later falling edge of CAS or WE.
measured between specified high and low logic levels.
8. At least eight initialization cycles that exercise RAS should be per-
3. Timing reference levels for both input and output signals are the
formed after power-up and before valid operations are begun.
specified worst-case logic levels.
9. The tWCS, tRWD and tCWD parameters are shown for reference
4. VCC is used in the output buffer only. ICC will therefore depend only
purposes only and do not restrict the operating flexibility of the part.
on leakage current and output loading. When the output is ON and
When the falling edge of WE follows the falling edge of CAS by at
at a logic high level, VCC is connected to the Data Out pin through
most tWCS, the data output buffer will remain off for the whole cycle
an equivalent resistance of approximately 135f1. In standby mode
and an "early write" cycle is defined. When the falling edge of WE
VCC may be reduced to zero without affecting stored data or refresh
follows the falling edges of RAS and CAS by at least tRWD and
operations.
tCWD respectively, the Data Out from the addressed cell will be
5. Output loading is two standard TTL loads plus 100pF capacitance.
valid at the access time and a "read/write" cycle is defined. The
6. Both RAS and CAS must be low to read data. Access timing will
falling edge of WE may also occur at intermediate positions, but the
depend on the relative positions of their falling edges. When tRCD is
condition and validity of the Data Out signal will not be known.
less than the maximum value shown, access time depends on RAS
10. Switching characteristics are listed in alphabetical order.
and tRAC governs. When tRCD is more than the maximum value
11. All voltages referenced to VSS.
shown access time depends on CAS and tCAC governs. The
2-13
Am9016 (Commercial)
SWITCHING WAVEFORMS
READ CyctE
tRC
tRAS
1L,,,~L
\ tAR
~[-
tRCD-----j I tRSH
tCSH
I
tCAS
~K j?~
I~
!-tRAH_ -tCAH_
tASR-r- tASe ------i 1--
_tCRP_
/
ADDRESS
~ ROW ADDRESS X COLUMN ADDRESS
,,\
~tRCS-l tRCH-
[--I
'/
I'CXXXXXXXX
MMMMN.6("" tRAC
tCAC
tOFF_
~'\
DO
MOS-192
rL,",~ L
'\ tAR
-'.-
tRCD
I tCSH :
tRSH
tCAS
-'
~[-
ADDRESS
~
tASR---t-
I-tRAH1
ROW ADDRESS
.LAX
tASC-j-
!--tCAH-
COLUMN ADDRESS
"t ;---tCRP-
tCWL
AAA
XX
XXXllA
XAllllA
_tWCs--j I-tWCH
tr
J .LllXAXX
XXXAAXXXAAXJ
XXX
·tRWL
I I
tWCR I
I(X
DI llXXllX INPUT STABLE
XXX XoX X XX
tDS~ !--tDH-
(OFF) tDHR
DO
MOS-193
READ-WRITE/READ-MODIFY-YVRITE CYCLE
tRMW-
tRAS
·C"-
-'f\ tAR
1-'(-
tRSH
f---- tRCD---1 (
I
tCSH r--- : - t C R P _
tCAS
~~
-'t"
J'-
...,'-
!-tRAH_ _tCAH_
tASR---t-- tASC---i-
~ ~
ADDRESS ROW COLUMN
ADDRESS I\PDRESS
tRWD I---tCWL-
r-tRCS-j teWD tRWL
WE
I-tCAC-
-'i\
i-' I
tRAC I--tWP--! tOFF
I
., ""\
DO OUTPUT VALID
-'[- -l-
tDS~ ~tDH
MOS-l94
2-14
Am9016 (Commercial)
fJ
~------------------tRC------------------~
MOS-195
tRAS
-8-
~---tAR~
~ Ir- i
I'~
I tASH
\-tCAS_J1~
- -
1~1r- jf-
tASR-i-
- __ tRAH
tASC--i-
I-- r--- tCAH
ADDRESS ~ ROW
ADDRESS ~
COLUMN
ADDRESS IXX
'/ COLUMN \ IJ\ /
. V \.
COLUMN \A
/X'( : x
,x
X X,\ ADDRESS / ADDRESS x
J ~tCAC- -
tRAe
I--tOFF
M~ I i
tRCS--1- tRCH--j t-- _tCWL_
tRCH
I
xx xxx
x
XXXXX
XXXXX x XXXXXY
y ~
~
--
tWP
1 '(X xx
x
xli
-tAWL
r- tDS
-
-tDH-
tDHR
MOS-196
2-15
Am9016 (Commercial)
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The Am9016 electrical connections are such that if power is REFRESH
applied with the device installed upside down it will be perma- The Am9016 is a dynamic memory and each cell must be re-
nently damaged. Precautions should be taken to avoid this freshed at least once every refresh interval in order to maintain
mishap. the cell contents. Any operation that accesses a row serves to
refresh all 128 cells in the row. Thus the refresh requirement
is met by accessing all 128 rows at least once every refresh
OPERATING CYCLES interval. This may be accomplished, in some applications, in
the course of perform ing normal operations. Alternatively,
Random read operations from any location hold the WE line
special refresh operations may be initiated. These special
high and follow this sequence of events:
operations could be simply additional conventional accesses or
1) The row address is applied to the address inputs and RAS is they could be "RAS-only" cycles. Since only the rows need to
switched low. be addressed, CAS may be held high while RAS is cycled and
2) After the row address hold time has elapsed, the column the appropriate row addresses are input. Power required for
address is applied to the address inputs and CAS is switched refreshing is minimized and simplified control circuitry will
low. often be possible.
3) Following the access time, the output will turn on and valid
read data will be present. The data will remain valid as long
as CAS is low.
4) CAS and RAS are then switched high to end the operation. DATA INPUT/OUTPUT
A new cycle cannot begin until the precharge period has Data is written into a selected cell by the combination of WE
elapsed. and CAS while RAS is low. The later negative transition of WE
Random write operations follow the same sequence of events, or CAS strobes the data into the internal register. In a write
except that the WE line is low for some portion of the cycle .. If cycle, if the WE input is brought low prior to CAS, the data is
strobed by CAS, and the set-up and hold times are referenced
the data to be written is available early in the cycle, it will
to CAS. If the cycle is a read/write cycle then the data set-up
usually be convenient to simply have WE low for the whole
and hold times are referenced to the negative edge of WE.
write operation.
Sequential Read and Write operations at the same location can In t~e read cycle the data is read by maintaining WE in the
be designed to save time because re-addressing is not necessary_ high state throughout the portion of the memory cycle in
A read/write cycle holds WE high until a valid read is established which CAS is low. The selected valid data will appear at the
and then strobes new data in with the falling edge of WE. output within the specified access time.
After the power is first applied to the device, the internal cir-
cuit requires execution of at least eight initialization cycles
DATA OUTPUT CONTROL
which exercise RAS before valid memory accesses are begun.
Any time CAS is high the data output will be off. The output
contains either one or zero during read cycle after the access
time has elapsed. Data remains valid from the access time until
ADDRESSING CAS is returned to the high state. The output data is the same
14 address bits are required to select one location out of the polarity as the input data.
16,384 cells in the memory. Two groups of 7 bits each are
The user can control the output state during write operations
multiplexed onto the 7 address lines and latched into the
by controlling the placement of the WE signal. In the "early
internal address registers. Two negative-going external clocks
write" cycle (see note 9) the output is at a high impedance
are used to control the multiplexing. The Row Address Strobe state throughout the entire cycle.
(RAS) enters the row address bits and the Column Address
Strobe (CAS) enters the column address bits.
When RAS is inactive, the memory enters its low power stand- POWER CONSIDERATIONS
by mode. Once the row address has been latched, it need not
be changed for successive operations within the same row, RAS and/or CAS can be decoded and used as a chip select
allowing high-speed page-mode operations. signal for the Am9016 but overall system power is minimized
if RAS is used for this purpose. The devices which do not
Page-mode operations first establish the row address and then receive RAS will be in low power standby mode regardless
maintain RAS low while CAS is repetitively cycled and desig- of the state of CAS.
nated operations are performed. Any column address within
the selected row may be accessed in any sequence. The maxi- At all times the Absolute Maximum Rating Conditions must
mum time that RAS can remain low is the factor limiting the . be observed. During power supply sequencing VBS should
number of page-mode operations that can be performed. never be more positive than VSS when power is applied to VDD.
2-16
Am9016 (Commercial)
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Typical Access Time Typical Access Time Typical Access Time
(Normalized) (Normalized) (Normalized)
tRAC Versus VOO tRAC Versus vee tRAC Versus VCC
1.2 1.2 ....-----,....-1---,-----,,-----.., 1.2
~
~ 1.1
Te =1 23•c
1
1.1
Te = 23·C
~--~----~--~--~
~ 1.1
II
0
............... II
~
0
ID u
ID u
:::.. 1.0 :::.. 1.0 r==""F--f-......-l-=;;;;;;;;J :::.. 1.0
u
« -......... u
« u
« I
e: 0.9
.............. e:ii3" 0.9 ~--~----~--~--~ II:
0.9 I
S-
o 5-
ID u
:::.. :::.. :::.. I
u 0.8 u 0.8 ~--~----~--~--~
u 0.8
« « «
e: e: 0.7 L...-__--'-____L...-_ _....I...._ _----J
e:
0.7 0.7
10 11 12 13 14 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0 -5.5 -6.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
vee SUPPLY VOLTAGE - VOLTS VBB -. VOLTS VCC - VOLTS
Typical Access Time
(Normalized)
tRAC Versus Typical Operating Current Typical Standby Current
Case Temperature 1001 Versus VOO 1002 Versus VOO
1.2 30.----r----,....---,---_, 1.4.----r----,....---,-----,
G"
~ 1.1
I
/ Te = 23·C
25~--_r----~---~--~ 1.2
Te = 23·C
~-----J-----~_
II
u
C- 1.0 / ~ 20 ~--+--+-- «
E
u
«
e:
~
0.9
/ C
9
15
N
o
9
C-
u
« 0.8
e:
0.7
-10 20 50 80 110 11 12 13 14 11 13 14
Te. CASE TEMPERATURE - ·C vee - VOLTS veo - VOLTS
vee = 13.2V
14~--~----~--~--~ 14~--~----~---r~~ 25
~ 12~--+- ~ = 375n5 - r - -
-
12 20 ~ IRC
«
E
- IRC == 500n5
15 -
10
- IRC == 750n5
-
5
11 12 13 14 11 12 13 14 -10 20 50 80 110
vee - VOLTS vee - VOLTS Te. CASE TEMPERATURE - ·C
Typical Standby Current Typical Refresh Current Typical Page Mode Current
1002 Versus 1003 Versus 1004 Versus
Case Temperature Case Temperature Case Temperature
1.4 16 16....-----,-----,----~--_,
~ 13.2V
1
14 14
«
I
«
_1 IRC = 1375n5
~ 12~-~--+_-_+-~
E
N
1.0 E
M
12
- 1 IRC = 500n5
1
0.6
r--.. -..... .....r--. I IRC
i
= 1750n5
0.4 I I 6L...---~----~--~--~
6
-10 20 50 80 110 -10 20 50 80 110 -10 20 50 80 110
Te. CASE TEMPERATURE _ ·C Te. CASE TEMPERATURE _ ·C Te. CASE TEMPERATURE - ·C
MOS-197
2-17
Am9016 (Commercial)
..J
..J
..J
I
W
W
> W VILC (MAX)
>
w W >
1.5 ..J 1.5 w 1.5
..J
... ...:J ..J
...:J
:J a.
a. a.
~
1.0 ~ 1.0 1.0
~
!II
!:i
VDD=4
Te
2.5 - - i - -
= 23°C!
--,-
I --- !II
!:i
2.5
VDD = 12V
VBB = -5V
!II
!:i
2.5
VDD = 12V
VBB = -5V
-+--
I
0 0 0
> > VIHCI(MIN) >
I
..J
W
2.0 - - VIH (MIN)
(~AX) -t------
..J
W
I 2.0
VILC (MAX)
I ..J
W
I 2.0 -
- - VIH(MIN)- -
I
-
>
w 1.5
...
..J VIL
>
w 1.5
..J
...
!
- >
w
...
..J
1.5 - - - VIL (MAX) - -
:J
a.
~ 1.0 -
I
I
I
--i-- i
:J
a.
~
1.0 I
I
:J
a.
~ 1.0 ---
RAS
II II , I
~~
CAS
L 10- -1/ l _ _ J
,
+20 ,..,
IBB - rnA
0 f'l 1"\ II\. ip..,1.f\ l- t.... "-
-20
[ I ~ 1\
-40
V V v
! I I I I
+100
IA
+80
+so
+40
1
111 A'
\
v \
, I
I~
\
\ / I /1
III
/
n
J' In
{\ 1-"
\
l / \
'I,
1\
'r-r-l
+20
100 - rnA 0 1 ,,-.J
"- J " "- \....-.1
-, \J '-, J r- J IJ "
rl
I '
I
+100
+80
f\ T+-t --'
I
+so
+40
+20
i'
/ \I
II\,
I /
/1\
11 r
III 'II/
II II / V
V"1
\ ' 1\
/\
III
J \
II
(
I
ISS - rnA 0
) "1 \.. \ !\.~
"" \
VV ) \ I\,
50ns/DIV
MOS-,.
2-18
Am9016 (Commercial)
V-Address Lines
I0 0 0 1
x O 1 0
-~
~xr
x ..... 1 1 3
~~
-l~o
-- 7
Data Array Left Data Array Right
~ 1
se.
0 15
1
0 31
1
Column Decode Transition Row Decode Transition
AO every 64 columns o1 1 1 1 1 1 63 AO every 64 rows
A1 every 16 columns 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 A1 every 16 rows
A2 every 32 columns 0 0 0 A2 every 32 rows
65
A3
A4
every
every
8
4
columns
columns
I0 1 0
A3
A4
every
every
8
4
rows
rows
A5 every 2 columns go 1 1 67 A5 every 8 rows
~~I
A6 every 4 columns A6 every 8 rows
I ~0 71
-~
i~ 79
0 95
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 127
AO 1
1---(16x)
(64x) . 1 o (64x)
1--(16x)-11°
. 0
0
A1 0
A2 1--.-(32x)
• 1 10
. 10 0 1--(32x) . 10 0
A.3 1-(8x)-1 0 0 1-(8x)-1 0 0
A.4 1111 0000 0 1111 0000 0
A.5 1100 0011 1 1100 0011 1
A.6 1001 I
0110 0 0110 I
1001 1
JJ JJ JJ JJ JJ JJ JJ JJ JJ
o o o 0 0 0 0 0 0
::E ::E ::E ::E ::E ::E ::E ::E ::E
o w O'l O'l O'l :j -...J (!)
N
w ~ -...J (!) U1
-...J
2-19
Am9016 (Commercial)
vss
01 2 -----------------, CAS
WE DO
flAs 13 A6
AO 5 12 A3
A2 6
AI 7--------~
L - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 AS
VOO 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---.J l______________ 9 vee
2-20