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GB/T 3191-2010

Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T3191-2010

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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

ICS 77.150.10
H 61

GB/T 3191-2010
Replacing GB/T 3191-1998

Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys Extruded Bars,

Rods

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Issued on: January 14, 2011 Implemented on: November 01, 2011

Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and

Quarantine (AQSIQ);
Standardization Administration (SAC) of the People's
Republic of China.
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GB/T 3191-2010

Table of Contents

FOREWORD.................................................................................................... 3 

1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................... 4 

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ..................................................................... 4 

3 REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 5 

4 TEST METHODS ..................................................................................... 16 

5 INSPECTION RULES .............................................................................. 18 

6 MARKING, PACKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE, AND

QUALITY CERTIFICATE ............................................................................... 21 

7 CONTENTS OF CONTRACT (OR ORDER) ............................................ 23 

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GB/T 3191-2010

Foreword

This Standard replaces GB/T 3191-1998 "Extrusion Rods and Bars of Aluminium and
Aluminium Alloy".

There are significant changes in this Standard, compared with GB/T 3191-1998.

— The dimensional deviation system was modified.

— The mechanical property indexes were modified or supplemented.

This Standard adopts re-drafting method by reference to ASTM B221M-08 "Standard

Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles,
and Tubes". The consistent degree with ASTM B221M-08 is not equivalent.

This Standard was proposed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association.

This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on
Nonferrous Metals of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 243).

Chief drafting organization of this Standard: Aluminium Corporation of China Limited

Northwest Aluminium Fabrication Branch.

Participating drafting organizations of this Standard: Northeast Light Alloy Co., Ltd.,
Southwest Aluminum (Group) Co., Ltd., Longkou Conglin Aluminum Co., Ltd.,
Shandong Nanshan Aluminum Co., Ltd., Fujian Nanping Aluminium Co., Ltd.,
Shandong Yankuang Light Alloy Co., Ltd., Liaoning Zhongwang Group Co., Ltd. AND
Fujian Minfa Aluminium Co., Ltd.

Chief drafting staffs of this Standard: Zhao Haibin, Zhang Wei, Xie Hui, Wang Guojun,
Li Ruishan, Su Zhenjia, Wang Zhaobin and Ying Weidong.

The previous editions replaced by this Standard are as follows:

— GB/T 3191-1982, GB/T 3192-1982, GB/T 10572-1989;

— GB/T 3191-1998.
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GB/T 3191-2010

Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys Extruded Bars,

Rods

1 Scope

This Standard specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking,
packing, transportation, storage, quality certificate, and contents of contract (or order)
of the aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded bars and rods for general industrial use.

This Standard is applicable to the bars and rods of round cross section (hereinafter
referred to as "round-rods"), the bars and rods of square cross section (hereinafter
referred to as "square-rods") and the bars and rods [Translator: abbreviated as “bars-
rods”] of regular hexagonal cross section (hereinafter referred to as "hexagonal-rods").

2 Normative References

The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For the
dated reference, only the dated editions are applicable to this Standard. For the
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including all
amendments) referred to applies.

GB/T 228 "Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature"

GB/T 3190 "Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys - Chemical Composition

Limits"

GB 3199 "Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Products - Packing, Marking,

Transporting and Storing"

GB/T 3246.1 "Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys Products Inspection

Method for Structure"

GB/T 3246.2 "Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys Products Inspection

Method for Macrostructure"

GB/T 6519 "Process for Ultrasonic Inspection of Wrought Aluminum Alloy

Products"

GB/T 2039 "Metallic Materials - Creep and Stress-rupture Test in Tension"

GB/T 7999 "Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis Method of Aluminum and

Aluminum Alloys"
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GB/T 3191-2010

Designation

Category II Category I
(bars-rods of 2××× and (other bars-
Delivery condition Sample condition Specification
7××× alloys and those of rods except
5××× alloys with average for Category
magnesium content ≥3%) II)

O O

H112 H112
5083 —
O O

H112 H112
5086 —
O O

— 6A02 T1, T6 T62, T6

— 6101A T6 T6

6005, T5 T5
—
6005A T6 T6

7A04 — T1, T6 T62, T6

7A09 — T1, T6 T62, T6

7A15 — T1, T6 T62, T6

T5 T5
7003 —
T6 T6

7005 — T6 T6

7020 — T6 T6

7021 — T6 T6

7022 — T6 T6

7049A — T6, T6510, T6511 T6, T6510, T6511

O O
7075 —
T6, T6510, T6511 T6, T6510, T6511

O O
— 8A06
H112 H112

3.1.2 Mark illustrations

The product marks shall be expressed according to the sequence of product name,
designation, delivery condition, specification and standard number. The mark
illustrations are listed as follows:

Illustration 1: The round-rods manufactured with 2024 alloy, with delivery condition of T3511,
diameter of 30.00mm and specified length of 3,000mm are marked as:

Rod 2024-T3511 φ30×3000 GB/T 3191-2010

Illustration 2: The high strength square-rods manufactured with 2A11 alloy, with delivery
condition of T4 and incircle diameter of 40.00mm are marked as:

High strength square-rod 2A11l-T4 40 GB/T 3191-2010

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GB/T 3191-2010

Table 5 In: mm
Twist, not larger than

Diameter of incircle General grade High-precision grade Super-high precision grade

of square-rod On length of On length of On length of 1
Full length L/m Full length L/m Full length L/m
1 meter 1 meter meter

≤30.00 4 4×L 2 6 1 3

>30.00~50.00 6 6×L 3 8 1.5 4

>50.00~120.00 10 10×L 4 10 2 5

>120.00~150.00 13 13×L 6 12 3 6

>150.00~200.00 15 15×L 7 14 3 6

Table 6 In: mm
Twist, not larger than

Diameter of incircle of General grade High-precision grade Super-high precision grade

hexagonal-rod On length of 1 Full length On length of 1 Full length On length of 1 Full length
meter L/m meter L/m meter L/m

≤14.00 4 4×L 3 3×L 2 2×L

>14.00~38.00 11 11×L 8 8×L 5 5×L

>38.00~100.00 18 18×L 12 12×L 9 9×L

>100.00~150.00 25 25×L — — — —

3.3.6 Length

The permissible length deviation for the bars-rods delivered in specified lengths shall
be: +15mm. The bars-rods supplied in multiple lengths shall include the saw cutting
allowance that shall be calculated according to 5mm per saw cut.

3.4 Mechanical properties

3.4.1 The longitudinal tensile mechanical properties of the bars-rods at room

temperature shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 7. The non-heat
treated aluminium alloy bars-rods at H112, with their properties reach the requirements
of O-condition, may be delivered according to the O-condition. The properties of bars-
rods exceeding the specified scope of Table 7 shall be determined through negotiation
between supplier and demander and shall be indicated in the contract (or order).
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GB/T 3191-2010

deviation of the bars-rods. Where the non-stratified bars-rods, it shall be agreed

between supplier and demander through negotiation and shall be indicated in the
contract (or order).

3.5.5 Where requirement on coarse grain ring is indicated in the contract (or order).
The coarse grain ring depth on the low power test piece shall be in accordance with
those specified in Table 10.

Table 10 In: mm
Coarse grain ring depth, not larger than
Designation
General grade High-precision grade a

2A02 5 —

2A11, 2A12, 2024, 7A04, 7A09, 7A15, 7075 8 3

6A02, 6061, 6082, 2A50, 2A14 8 5

a
The high-precision grade is only applicable to the round-rods in diameter of 20.00 mm~120.00 mm and the
square-rods and hexagonal-rods with incircle diameter of 20.00 mm~100.00 mm.

3.6 Microstructure

3.6.1 The microstructure of quenched bars-rods shall be free from over-burning.

3.6.2 The microstructure of bars-rods of 4A11 and 4032 alloys may contain a small
amount of primary silicon, however, the primary silicon shall be of uniform distribution
instead of cluster distribution, and the maximum line size of primary silicon shall not
exceed 0.08mm.

3.7 Ultrasonic inspection

As for the bars-rods requiring ultrasonic inspection, the inspection positions and grades
may be agreed between supplier and demander through negotiation and also shall be
indicated in the contract (or order).

3.8 Surface quality

3.8.1 The bars-rods shall be free from corrosion spots, cracks and gas bubbles in
their surfaces.

3.8.2 The bars-rods may have such defects as load modules with depth not
exceeding the permissible negative deviation of diameter, scratches, oxidation tint,
smooth black and white spots, and straightening traces in their surfaces.

3.8.3 The surface defects of bars-rods may be polished, however, the minimum
diameter or thickness of bars-rods shall be ensured.

4 Test Methods
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4.2.3 The diameter or width and thickness of bars-rods shall be measured by the
measuring instrument with accuracy not less than 0.02mm; other dimensions shall be
measured by measuring instruments with corresponding accuracy.

4.3 Mechanical properties

The inspection on the mechanical properties of longitudinal tensile at ambient

temperature for bars-rods shall be carried out according to the method stated in GB/T
228. The inspection on the mechanical properties of persistent longitudinal tensile at
high temperature shall be carried out for bars-rods according to the method stated in
GB/T 2039.

4.4 Macrostructure

The macrostructure of bars-rods shall be inspected according to the method specified

in GB/T 3246.2.

4.5 Microstructure

The microstructure of bars-rods shall be inspected according to the method specified

in GB/T 3246.1.

4.6 Ultrasonic inspection

The ultrasonic inspection on products shall be carried out according to the method
stated in GB/T 6519.

4.7 Surface quality

Visually inspect the appearance quality in natural scattered light. The dimension
measurement instruments may be used to define the defect size if necessary; the
defect depth shall be determined through grinding.

5 Inspection Rules

5.1 Inspection and acceptance

5.1.1 The technical supervision department of the supplier shall inspect the bars-rods
to guarantee that the quality of bars-rods meet those specified in this Standard and the
contract (or order); and it shall fill in the quality certificate.

5.1.2 The purchaser shall carry out the re-inspection on received bars-rods according
to the requirements of this Standard. If the re-inspection results fail to meet the
requirements of this Standard and of the contract (or order); then it shall be proposed
to the supplier in written form and be solved between the supplier and the purchaser
through negotiation. The disagreement belongs to the surface quality and dimensional
deviation shall be proposed within one month from the date of receiving bars-rods,
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GB/T 3191-2010

other performance discrepancy shall be proposed within three months from the date
of receiving bars-rods. The arbitration sampling shall be carried out by the supplier and
the purchaser at the purchaser's place if the arbitration is needed.

5.2 Batching

The bars-rods shall be submitted for acceptance in batches; each batch shall be
composed of bars-rods with the same designation, condition and specification.

5.3 Inspection items

The inspection on chemical composition, dimensional deviation, mechanical properties

and surface quality shall be carried out for each batch of bars-rods before leaving the
factory. For bars-rods with diameter larger than or equal to 20.00mm, the
macrostructure inspection shall be carried out; for bars-rods of 4A11 and 4032 alloys
and the quenched ones, the microstructure inspection shall be carried out. For the
bars-rods with ultrasonic inspection required in the contract (or order), the ultrasonic
inspection shall be carried out.

5.4 Sampling

The sampling of bars-rods shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 11.

Table 11
Chapter
Chapter and and article
Inspection item Sampling requirements article number number of
of requirements test
methods

Chemical composition According to the requirements of GB/T 17432 3.2 4.1

Dimensional deviation Rod-by-rod inspection 3.3 4.2

The sampling quantity shall be in accordance with those

Mechanical
specified in Table 12 (at least 2% (2 sticks at least) of each
properties of
batch shall be adopted to inspect the specified non-
longitudinal tensile
proportional elongation stress), one specimen shall be cut
at ambient
at the extruded front-end of each sample piece. Other
temperature a
Mechanical requirements shall meet the requirements of GB/T 16865.
3.4 4.3
properties Mechanical
properties of
Adopt 2 sticks of bars-rods from each batch (melt
persistent
number). Cut one specimen from the front extruded end
longitudinal tensile
of each sample piece.
at high
temperature b
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repeated test is qualified, then this batch (furnace) of bars-rods shall be judged as
qualified. If the repeated test result is still unqualified, then this batch (furnace) of bars-
rods shall be judged as unqualified. However, it is permissible for the supplier to inspect
rod-by-rod or re-inspect once after conducting the re-heat treatment; the qualified one
shall be delivered.

5.5.4 If the mechanical properties of persistent longitudinal tensile at high

temperature is unqualified, then this stick of bars-rods shall be judged as unqualified;
additionally adopt double quantity of specimens from the rest bars-rods of this batch
(furnace) to conduct the repeated test; if the repeated test is qualified, then this batch
(furnace) of bars-rods shall be judged as qualified. If the repeated test result is still
unqualified, then this batch (furnace) of bars-rods shall be judged as unqualified.
However, it is permissible for the supplier to inspect rod-by-rod or re-inspect once after
conducting the re-heat treatment; the qualified one shall be delivered.

5.5.5 When the microstructure is unqualified, the distinguishable heat treatment

furnace number shall be judged as unqualified; other furnace numbers shall be
inspected successively; the qualified one shall be delivered. If the furnace number is
not distinguishable, then this batch of bars-rods shall be judged as unqualified.

5.5.6 When the macrostructure is unqualified, it shall be judged as follows:

5.5.6.1 If the macrostructure is unqualified because of metallurgical defects such as

cracks and nonmetallic inclusions, then this batch of bars-rods shall be judged as
unqualified. However, it is permissible to conduct Level B ultrasonic inspection rod-by-
rod and the qualified ones shall be delivered. Alternatively, it may be handled between
the supplier and the purchaser through negotiation.

5.5.6.2 If the macrostructure is unqualified because of stratification, back end or

coarse grain ring, it is permissible to cut one section and then inspect again until it is
qualified. Other bars-rods in this batch all shall be treated with end-cutting or piece-by-
piece inspection according to the maximum distributed length of the above-mentioned
defects, the qualified one shall be delivered.

5.5.6.3 When the depth of the coarse grain ring is unqualified, it is permissible for the
supplier to sample (if the depth of the coarse grain ring is less than the diameter or
thickness of the standard specimen, then this specimen shall include all depth of the
coarse grain ring) in the coarse grain zone to inspect the mechanical properties of
longitudinal tensile at ambient temperature; if the mechanical properties reach the
requirements of this Standard, then this batch of bars-rods shall be judged as qualified;
otherwise, this batch of bars-rods shall be judged as unqualified.

5.5.7 When the ultrasonic inspection is unqualified, then this stick of bars-rods shall
be judged as unqualified.

6 Marking, Packing, Transportation and Storage, and Quality

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Certificate

6.1 Marking

6.1.1 The extruded front-end of bars-rods passing the test shall be marked with
following marking (or hung with a tag or nameplate indicating the following contents):

a) Approved stamp of technical supervision department of the supplier;

b) Designation;

c) Condition;

d) Batch number of bars-rods.

6.1.2 The bars-rods with diameter larger than 20.00mm shall be marked with "W"
type style at the extruded tail-end.

6.1.3 The packing box sign of bars-rods shall meet the requirements of GB/T 3199.

6.2 Packing, transportation and storage

The bars-rods shall be oil-free without packing paper package. It shall be indicated in
the contract if the oil or packing paper is required by the purchaser. Other requirements
of packing, transportation and storage shall be in accordance with those specified in
GB/T 3199.

6.3 Quality certificate

Each batch of bars-rods shall be accompanied with the product quality certificate,
indicating:

a) Supplier's name;

b) Product name;

c) Designation, delivery condition and specification;

d) Batch number;

e) Net weight and number of packages;

f) Inspection result of each analytical item and the stamp of technical supervision
department;

g) Number of this Standard;

h) Packing date (or exit-factory date).

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7 Contents of Contract (or Order)

The contract (or order) for ordering products listed in this Standard shall include the
following contents:

a) Product name;

b) Designation;

c) Delivery condition;

d) Specification and precision grade;

e) Net weight (number of packages);

f) Number of this Standard;

g) Requirements for coarse grain ring;

h) Stratification requirements;

i) Requirements for high-strength bars-rods;

j) Requirements for ultrasonic inspection;

k) Other special requirements.

__________ END __________