Chapter 1

The Problem and its Background

Introduction

According to Ali,mahawod,yeop,et - Al (2009) "Bring minds make bright futures"

prepatory children now a day are far better than before they are more advance in teaching

and more capable of absorbing the methods of learning that used with the. Modern

teaching accompanied modules and analytical measure develop the preschoolers and

memory retention that reserve as a foundation of their education. Teenagers today are

more willing and not afraid to try to discover new ways and method of learning. The student

learning plays an important role in producing the best quality graduates who will become

great leader and manpower for the country this responsible for the country economic and

social development.

In addition (Stephan and Schaban 2002) said that performance of the student is

environmental factor. Through this factor strongly influence the performance of the grade

seven students but this factor differs from country to country a person to person. Most of

the previous studies on academic performance of grade seven students focus on such issues

like teacher education, class environment, teaching style, family educational background

and socio economic factor. The majority of the research in the world applied the GPS to

assess the performance of the student.

In other hand Misha (2014) said that student's performance was affected by

shortage of English teacher and absence of teaching and learning materials.However,her

findings showed that,the presence of untrained under - qualified and trained teacher who
are incompetent resulted to skip teaching some difficult topics in the syllabus and student

and infrequent use of English language at school and home,large class size,teachers

responsibilities,poor conductive teaching and learning environment in the classroom,limited

home support environment and poverty are among the factor that affecting students

academic performance in english language.

Students performance at the level of secondary has the strong impact on the

other level of higher and tertiary education.the chapter includes an explanation on why this

topic will be important, research problem, the purpose and significant in the specific

research question along with the delimination of the Study

Theoritical Framework

This study hinged on Gagne's theory condition learning. This theory stipulates that

there are several different types of level of learning. The significance of these classifications

is that each different type requires different types of instracrtion. Gagne identifies five

major skill categories of learning. Verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategies,

major skill amd attitudes. Different internal and external condition are necessary for each

type of learning. For example, for cognitive strategies to be applied on grade seven student

to be learned attitudes, the learner must be exposed a creative role model or persuassive

visualization.

The most famous and leading theory of cognitive development is that of swiss

psychologist jean pianget theory, first published in 1952, grew out of decades of broad

observation of grade seven student reacted to their environment, he projected a more

active role for them than that suggested by learning theory. He enviosed a grade seven

students knowledge as composed of schemas, basic unit of knowledge used to prepare past
experience and since as a basic unit ofknowledge use to prepare past and sense as a basis of

understanding of ones.

At the center of Piaget theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a

series of four district, universal stages, each characterized by increassinly repined and nin –

figurative levels of thought. One of these stages is the pre- operational stage (toddler hood

and early childhood) in this period which has two sub stages, intellegence in demonstrated

through the use of symbol. Language use matuner and memory and imagination ate

develop but thinking is done in a non-logical revinsible manner.

 Research Paradigm of the Study

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Respondent Profile Factors Affecting the Learning of grade 7

students towards English Subject in
Factors:
Sandiat National High School.School year
 Teacher factors 2019-2020.
 Teacher Related factors
 Personal factors
 School related factors

Figure 1: Research Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1 presents the research paradigm of the study. It is based on the 2 boxes

model which is shows how the factor affecting the learning of English.

In the independent variable includes the profile of the respondents in the term of

age,gender,parents, educational attainment,gross monthly income of parents, and the

factors affecting their learning in English.

The dependent variable covers the factors affecting the learning of grade 7

students towards English subject in Sandiat National High School

school year 2019-2020

Statement of the problem

The study focuses using the factors affecting the English learning performances of grade 7

students of Sandiat National High School, school year 2019-2020.

Specifically, the study will attempt to answer the following questions.

1. What is the profile of the students respondents in terms of the following variables:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Parents educational attainment

1.4 Monthly income of parents

2. What is the average grade of the students in first and second quarter?

3. Is there a significant relationship between each factors and the English performance of

students?

Hypothesis of the study.

For a deeper analysis of that study,the following hypothesis are tested.

1.)there is no significant relationships between each factor in the English performance of

students.

2.)there is no significant difference between the learning of English in the factor of this

study.
Significance of the study

The researcher believes that this study is beneficial to the following

Curriculum planners. They are involved in building the curriculum that shall be include

significant findings of this study

Administrator. Leads the school could use the findings of the study by empowering teachers

through leadership in English to enhance student performance

Teachers. This study boosting the teacher to educate student in much better learning in

English.

Students. Help student to improve their academic performance.

Parents. For parents to help their children this kind of situation through family support.

Researcher. This study benefited the researcher by enhancing their skills involving

conducting a study.

Future Researcher. The result of this study serve as their basis for better understanding of

the issue.
Scope and delimitation of the study

The study focuses on the Factors Affecting the Learning of grade 7 students towards

English Subject in Sandiat National High School.School year 2019-2020.

However, it was limited to the analysis of the Factors such as Teacher

factors,Teacher Related factors, Personal factors,School related factors.

For a deeper analysis of the main problem, the Factors Affecting the Learning of grade 7

students towards English Subject according to their profile.

Definition of Terms

To understand better the content the following term below is used.

Attitude. A settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, typically one

that is reflected in a person's behavior.

Behavior. The way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially toward others.

Factors. A circumstances, facts, or influence that contributes to a result or outcomes.

Performance. The acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or by being

taught.

Skills. The ability to carry out a task with determined results often within a given amount of

time, energy, or both.

Standard. A level of quality or achievement, especially a level that is thought to be

acceptable.