CLEANING and SANITIZING

Procedures must be a part of

the standard operating
procedures that make up your
food safety program.
 CLEANING
• process of removing food and
other types of soil from a
surface, such as a dish, glass,
or cutting board.
• It must be done with a
cleaning agent that removes
food, soil or other
substances.
• Right cleaning agent must be
selected because not all
Cleaning agents are divided into four categories

1. Detergents
2. Solvent Cleaners
3. Acid Cleaners
4. Abrasive Cleaners
1. DETERGENTS-used to wash
tableware , surfaces and equipment. It
can penetrate soil quickly and soften it.
2. Solvent cleaners -- Often called
degreasers, solvent cleaners are
alkaline detergents that contain a
grease-dissolving agent. These
cleaners work well in areas where
grease has been burned on.
3. Acid cleaners -- Use on mineral
deposits and other soils alkaline
cleaners cannot remove, these
cleaners are often used to remove
scale in ware washing machines and
steam tables.
4. Abrasive cleaners -- Use these
cleaners to remove heavy
accumulations of soil often found in
small areas. The abrasive action is
provided by small mineral or metal
particles, fine steel wool, copper, or
nylon particles.
 SANITIZING
• It is done using heat radiation, or chemicals.
• Heat and chemicals are commonly used as a
method for sanitizing in restaurant.
• of creating conditions that promote the safe
production of food.
 HEAT
There are three methods of using heat to sanitize
surfaces– steam, hot water, and hot air. Cleaned items
must be exposed to these temperatures for at least 30
seconds.

HOT WATER- it is being used in the third compartment , it

must be 77 Celsius.
STEAM- is an excellent agent for treating food equipment.
 CHEMICALS

The approved sanitizers are chlorine, iodine

and quaternary ammonium. Different
factors influence the effectiveness of
chemical sanitizers.
 Approved sanitizers

1. Chlorine
2. iodine
3. quaternary ammonium
it is used as the production of
household item such as bleach
and disinfectant to bullet-
resistant vests, computer
hardware, silicon chips
Household item such as bleach
and disinfectant to bullet-
resistant vests, computer
hardware, silicon chips and Chlorine
automotive parts.
It is used worldwide to purify
water supply as the ultimate
defense against waterborne
microbiological infection.
 IODINE
It is widely used in the general food
industry and breweries.
Diluted iodophor is often used by
brewers and winemakers to sanitize
equipment and bottles. it can also
leave unattractive orange-brown
stains on plastic parts and equipment
that it is left in contact with.
Quaternary Ammonium
poor detergents but
excellent germicides.
Longer contact time is
needed with this
sanitizer, since it is
slow-acting against
some common spoilage
bacteria.
b. countertops, tables or other stationary equipment
 Three factors that must be Considered:

1. CONCENTRATION- the presence of too little

will result in an inadequate reduction of
harmful microorganisms . Too much can be
toxic.
2. TEMPERATURE- Generally chemical sanitizers
work best in water that is between 13 Celsius
and 49 Celsius
3. CONTACT TIME-the cleaned item must be in
contact with the sanitizer( either heat or
approved chemical) for the recommended
length of time.
 SANITIZER TESTING
Every restaurant must have the
appropriate testing kit to measure
chemical sanitizer concentrations.
In order to test the strength of a
sanitizing solution , one must first
determine which chemical is being
used. The appropriate test kit
must be used throughout the day
to measure chemical sanitizer
Open your module on page 21 :

Advantages and Disadvantages of

Different Chemical Sanitizers
 Cleaning and Sanitizing
Utensils
• A dishwasher is effective at
sanitizing if it has a hot wash and
drying cycle.
• After washing the utensils should
look clean and there should be no
food or anything else visible on
them.
• Effective cleaning will remove most
 Cleaning and Sanitizing
Utensils
• If you do not have dishwasher, you
will need to sanitize in a sink using a
chemical sanitizer or very hot
water.
• When using chemical sanitizer make
sure that it is safe for eating,
cooking and drinking utensils .
 Cleaning and Sanitizing
Utensils
• Air drying is best but tea towels can be
used if they are clean .
• If you are washing up to the big event,
make sure you have access to plenty of
hot water.
• If hot water is not available, disposable
drinking and eating utensils should be
used.