PROJECT

IN
ENGLISH
NORHANNAH B. PANGADAPUN
IX-MAHOGANY
MRS.ALBAG
PROJECT
IN
ENGLISH

MUJIB B. PANGADAPUN
9-MAHOGANY
MRS.ALBAG
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)

STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief
use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in
discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of
business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of
particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and
marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To
spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for
ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is
the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by
experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need
proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions
too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty
men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use
them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom
without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to
contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to
find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are
to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed
and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts;
others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read
wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be
read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that
would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner
sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters,
flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man;
and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he
had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need
have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much
cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men
wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy
deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt
studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit,
but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body,
may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and
reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the
stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be
wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if
his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his
wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the
Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat
over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate
another, let him study 197 the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the
mind, may have a special receipt.
 FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626)

STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for

ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for
ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and
disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps
judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the
plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are
learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too
much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their
rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected
by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need
proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions
too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty
men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use
them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without
them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and
confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and
discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted,
others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that
is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not
curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and
attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made
of them by others; but that would be only in the less important
arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like
common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man;
conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a
man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little,
he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have
much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men
wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep;
moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in
mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be
wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have
appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins;
shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach;
riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let
him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called
away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to
distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they
are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up
one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study 197 the
lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special
receipt.
The most important day in Helen Keller's life, according to her,
was the day Miss Sullivan arrived. Keller writes:

The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on

which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am
filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts
between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March,
1887, three months before I was seven years old.
Helen learned to communicate for the first time since becoming
blind and deaf because of Miss Sullivan. For weeks, Miss Sullivan
had been trying to get Helen to understand that her finger
motions on Helen's palm were a form of writing that
corresponded to objects Helen held. For instance, Miss Sullivan
would hand Helen a doll and write the word doll on her hand.
Helen was amused, and even repeated the motions on her
mother's palm, but didn't make the connection between the
motions and the object.
However, when Miss Sullivan spelling out water on her hand
while water was running on it from the pump, Helen suddenly
understood what was going on, and in that instant, her whole
world transformed. Suddenly, she could communicate and no
longer had to live isolated in a world of loneliness and
frustration.
 The most important day in Helen
Keller's life was when Miss Sullivan's
attempts to communicate with her
were finally successful. Miss Sullivan
repeatedly tried fingerspelling into
Helen's palm to help her associate
words with objects. Helen was
confused and thought of it as more of
a game. One day, Miss Sullivan took
Helen to an outdoor water pump on
the Keller property. She held the girl's hand under it and spelled "w-a-t-
e-r" onto her palm as the liquid poured out. For the first time, Helen
made the connection between what was spelled into her hand and the
water that was flowing through her fingers. Helen described that
moment in her autobiography The Story of My Life:

I felt a misty consciousness as of something forgotten — a thrill of

returning thought; and somehow the mystery of language was revealed
to me (Chapter Four).
After that moment, Helen became eager to learn the names of everything
around her. This was when Helen became a life-long learner.
 WHAT I HAVE LIVED FOR BERTRAND RUSSEL
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed
my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and
unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like
great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward
course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge
of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy –
ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life
for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it
relieves loneliness that terrible loneliness in which one shivering
consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold
unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the
union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring
vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is
what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life,
this is what at last I have found. With equal passion I have sought
knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have
wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend
the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the
flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and
knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the
heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of
cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims
tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons,
and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a
mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil,
but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found
it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were
offered me.
 WHAT I HAVE LIVED FOR BERTRAND RUSSEL
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have
governed my life: the longing for love, the search for
knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of
mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown
me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great
ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy -
ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the
rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it,
next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness
in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim
of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I
have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have
seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the
heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I
sought, and though it might seem too good for human life,
this is what--at last--I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have
wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to
know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend
the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway
above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have
achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led
upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me
back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my
heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors,
helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole
world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of
what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but
I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and
would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
 ADVICE TO YOUTH-MARK TWAIN
Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquired what sort of talk I ought to
make. They said it should be something suitable to youth-something didactic,
instructive, or something in the nature of good advice. Very well. I have a few things
in my mind which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young; for it is
in one’s tender early years that such things will best take root and be most enduring
and most valuable. First, then. I will say to you my young friends -- and I say it
beseechingly, urgently --
Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best policy in the long
run, because if you don’t, they will make you. Most parents think they know better
than you do, and you can generally make more by humoring that superstition than
you can by acting on your own better judgment.
Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and sometimes to
others. If a person offend you, and you are in doubt as to whether it was intentional or
not, do not resort to extreme measures; simply watch your chance and hit him with a
brick. That will be sufficient. If you shall find that he had not intended any offense,
come out frankly and confess yourself in the wrong when you struck him;
acknowledge it like a man and say you didn’t mean to. Yes, always avoid violence; in
this age of charity and kindliness, the time has gone by for such things. Leave
dynamite to the low and unrefined.
Go to bed early, get up early -- this is wise. Some authorities say get up with the sun;
some say get up with one thing, others with another. But a lark is really the best thing
to get up with. It gives you a splendid reputation with everybody to know that you get
up with the lark; and if you get the right kind of lark, and work at him right, you can
easily train him to get up at half past nine, every time -- it’s no trick at all.
Now as to the matter of lying. You want to be very careful about lying; otherwise you
are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can never again be in the eyes to the
good and the pure, what you were before. Many a young person has injured himself
permanently through a single clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness
born of incomplete training. Some authorities hold that the young out not to lie at all.
That of course, is putting it rather stronger than necessary; still while I cannot go quite
so far as that, I do maintain , and I believe I am right, that the young ought to be
temperate in the use of this great art until practice and experience shall give them
that confidence, elegance, and precision which alone can make the accomplishment
graceful and profitable. Patience, diligence, painstaking attention to detail -- these
are requirements; these in time, will make the student perfect; upon these only, may
he rely as the sure foundation for future eminence. Think what tedious years of study,
thought, practice, experience, went to the equipment of that peerless old master who
was able to impose upon the whole world the lofty and sounding maxim that “Truth is
mighty and will prevail” -- the most majestic compound fracture of fact which any of
woman born has yet achieved. For the history of our race, and each individual’s
experience, are sewn thick with evidences that a truth is not hard to kill, and that a lie
well told is immortal. There is in Boston a monument of the man who discovered
anesthesia; many people are aware, in these latter days, that that man didn’t discover
it at all, but stole the discovery from another man. Is this truth mighty, and will it
prevail? Ah no, my hearers, the monument is made of hardy material, but the lie it
tells will outlast it a million years. An awkward, feeble, leaky lie is a thing which you
ought to make it your unceasing study to avoid; such a lie as that has no more real
permanence than an average truth. Why, you might as well tell the truth at once and
be done with it. A feeble, stupid, preposterous lie will not live two years -- except it be
a slander upon somebody. It is indestructible, then of course, but that is no merit of
yours. A final word: begin your practice of this gracious and beautiful art early --
begin now. If I had begun earlier, I could have learned how.
Never handle firearms carelessly. The sorrow and suffering that have been caused
through the innocent but heedless handling of firearms by the young! Only four days
ago, right in the next farm house to the one where I am spending the summer, a
grandmother, old and gray and sweet, one of the loveliest spirits in the land, was
sitting at her work, when her young grandson crept in and got down an old, battered,
rusty gun which had not been touched for many years and was supposed not to be
loaded, and pointed it at her, laughing and threatening to shoot. In her fright she ran
screaming and pleading toward the door on the other side of the room; but as she
passed him he placed the gun almost against her very breast and pulled the trigger!
He had supposed it was not loaded. And he was right -- it wasn’t. So there wasn’t any
harm done. It is the only case of that kind I ever heard of. Therefore, just the same,
don’t you meddle with old unloaded firearms; they are the most deadly and unerring
hings that have ever been created by man. You don’t have to take any pains at all with
them; you don’t have to have a rest, you don’t have to have any sights on the gun, you
don’t have to take aim, even. No, you just pick out a relative and bang away, and you
are sure to get him. A youth who can’t hit a cathedral at thirty yards with a Gatling
gun in three quarters of an hour, can take up an old empty musket and bag his
grandmother every time, at a hundred. Think what Waterloo would have been if one
of the armies had been boys armed with old muskets supposed not to be loaded, and
the other army had been composed of their female relations. The very thought of it
make one shudder.
There are many sorts of books; but good ones are the sort for the young to read.
remember that. They are a great, an inestimable, and unspeakable means of
improvement. Therefore be careful in your selection, my young friends; be very
careful; confine yourselves exclusively to Robertson’s Sermons, Baxter’s Saints'
Rest, The Innocents Abroad, and works of that kind.
But I have said enough. I hope you will treasure up the instructions which I have
given you, and make them a guide to your feet and a light to your understanding.
Build your character thoughtfully and painstakingly upon these precepts, and by and
by, when you have got it built, you will be surprised and gratified to see how nicely
and sharply it resembles everybody else’s.
 "Advice to Youth" (1882)

Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquired what sort of talk
I ought to make. They said it should be something suitable to youth-
something didactic, instructive, or something in the nature of good
advice. Very well. I have a few things in my mind which I have often
longed to say for the instruction of the young; for it is in one’s tender
early years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and
most valuable. First, then. I will say to you my young friends -- and I say
it beseechingly, urgently --
Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best
policy in the long run, because if you don’t, they will make you. Most
parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally make
more by humoring that superstition than you can by acting on your own
better judgment.
Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and
sometimes to others. If a person offend you, and you are in doubt as to
whether it was intentional or not, do not resort to extreme measures;
simply watch your chance and hit him with a brick. That will be
sufficient. If you shall find that he had not intended any offense, come
out frankly and confess yourself in the wrong when you struck him;
acknowledge it like a man and say you didn’t mean to. Yes, always
avoid violence; in this age of charity and kindliness, the time has gone
by for such things. Leave dynamite to the low and unrefined.
 Go to bed early, get up early -- this is wise. Some authorities say get
up with the sun; some say get up with one thing, others with another.
But a lark is really the best thing to get up with. It gives you a splendid
reputation with everybody to know that you get up with the lark; and if
you get the right kind of lark, and work at him right, you can easily train
him to get up at half past nine, every time -- it’s no trick at all.
Now as to the matter of lying. You want to be very careful about lying;
otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can never
again be in the eyes to the good and the pure, what you were before.
Many a young person has injured himself permanently through a single
clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness born of incomplete
training. Some authorities hold that the young out not to lie at all. That
of course, is putting it rather stronger than necessary; still while I cannot
go quite so far as that, I do maintain , and I believe I am right, that the
young ought to be temperate in the use of this great art until practice and
experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision
which alone can make the accomplishment graceful and profitable.
Patience, diligence, painstaking attention to detail -- these are
requirements; these in time, will make the student perfect; upon these
only, may he rely as the sure foundation for future eminence. Think
what tedious years of study, thought, practice, experience, went to the
equipment of that peerless old master who was able to impose upon the
whole world the lofty and sounding maxim that “Truth is mighty and
will prevail” -- the most majestic compound fracture of fact which any
of woman born has yet achieved. For the history of our race, and each
individual’s experience, are sewn thick with evidences that a truth is not
hard to kill, and that a lie well told is immortal. There is in Boston a
monument of the man who discovered anesthesia; many people are
aware, in these latter days, that that man didn’t discover it at all, but
stole the discovery from another man. Is this truth mighty, and will it
prevail? Ah no, my hearers, the monument is made of hardy material,
but the lie it tells will outlast it a million years. An awkward, feeble,
leaky lie is a thing which you ought to make it your unceasing study to
avoid; such a lie as that has no more real permanence than an average
truth. Why, you might as well tell the truth at once and be done with it.
A feeble, stupid, preposterous lie will not live two years -- except it be a
slander upon somebody. It is indestructible, then of course, but that is no
merit of yours. A final word: begin your practice of this gracious and
beautiful art early -- begin now. If I had begun earlier, I could have
learned how.
Never handle firearms carelessly. The sorrow and suffering that have
been caused through the innocent but heedless handling of firearms by
the young! Only four days ago, right in the next farm house to the one
where I am spending the summer, a grandmother, old and gray and
sweet, one of the loveliest spirits in the land, was sitting at her work,
when her young grandson crept in and got down an old, battered, rusty
gun which had not been touched for many years and was supposed not to
be loaded, and pointed it at her, laughing and threatening to shoot. In her
fright she ran screaming and pleading toward the door on the other side
of the room; but as she passed him he placed the gun almost against her
very breast and pulled the trigger! He had supposed it was not loaded.
And he was right -- it wasn’t. So there wasn’t any harm done. It is the
only case of that kind I ever heard of. Therefore, just the same, don’t you
meddle with old unloaded firearms; they are the most deadly and
unerring hings that have ever been created by man. You don’t have to
take any pains at all with them; you don’t have to have a rest, you don’t
have to have any sights on the gun, you don’t have to take aim, even.
No, you just pick out a relative and bang away, and you are sure to get
him. A youth who can’t hit a cathedral at thirty yards with a Gatling gun
in three quarters of an hour, can take up an old empty musket and bag
his grandmother every time, at a hundred. Think what Waterloo would
have been if one of the armies had been boys armed with old muskets
supposed not to be loaded, and the other army had been composed of
their female relations. The very thought of it make one shudder.
There are many sorts of books; but good ones are the sort for the
young to read. remember that. They are a great, an inestimable, and
unspeakable means of improvement. Therefore be careful in your
selection, my young friends; be very careful; confine yourselves
exclusively to Robertson’s Sermons, Baxter’s Saints' Rest, The
Innocents Abroad, and works of that kind.
But I have said enough. I hope you will treasure up the instructions
which I have given you, and make them a guide to your feet and a light
to your understanding. Build your character thoughtfully and
painstakingly upon these precepts, and by and by, when you have got it
built, you will be surprised and gratified to see how nicely and sharply it
resembles everybody
else’s.

The dramatic setting of A Room of One's Own is that Woolf has been invited
to lecture on the topic of Women and Fiction. She advances the thesis that
"a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write
fiction." Her essay is constructed as a partly-fictionalized narrative of the
thinking that led her to adopt this thesis. She dramatizes that mental
process in the character of an imaginary narrator ("call me Mary Beton,
Mary Seton, Mary Carmichael or by any name you please—it is not a matter
of any importance") who is in her same position, wrestling with the same
topic.
The narrator begins her investigation at Oxbridge College, where she
reflects on the different educational experiences available to men and
women as well as on more material differences in their lives. She then
spends a day in the British Library perusing the scholarship on women, all
of which has written by men and all of which has been written in anger.
Turning to history, she finds so little data about the everyday lives of
women that she decides to reconstruct their existence imaginatively. The
figure of Judith Shakespeare is generated as an example of the tragic fate a
highly intelligent woman would have met with under those circumstances.
In light of this background, she considers the achievements of the major
women novelists of the nineteenth century and reflects on the importance of
tradition to an aspiring writer. A survey of the current state of literature
follows, conducted through a reading the first novel of one of the narrator's
contemporaries. Woolf closes the essay with an exhortation to her audience
of women to take up the tradition that has been so hardly bequeathed to
them, and to increase the endowment for their own daughters.

The dramatic setting of A Room of

One's Own is that Woolf has been
invited to lecture on the topic of
Women and Fiction. She advances
the thesis that "a woman must have
money and a room of her own if she
is to write fiction." Her essay is
constructed as a partly-fictionalized
narrative of the thinking that led her to adopt this thesis. She
dramatizes that mental process in the character of an imaginary
narrator ("call me Mary Beton, Mary Seton, Mary Carmichael or
by any name you please—it is not a matter of any importance")
who is in her same position, wrestling with the same topic.
The narrator begins her investigation at Oxbridge College,
where she reflects on the different educational experiences
available to men and women as well as on more material
differences in their lives. She then spends a day in the British
Library perusing the scholarship on women, all of which has
written by men and all of which has been written in anger.
Turning to history, she finds so little data about the everyday
lives of women that she decides to reconstruct their existence
imaginatively. The figure of Judith Shakespeare is generated as
an example of the tragic fate a highly intelligent woman would
have met with under those circumstances. In light of this
background, she considers the achievements of the major
women novelists of the nineteenth century and reflects on the
importance of tradition to an aspiring writer. A survey of the
current state of literature follows, conducted through a reading
the first novel of one of the narrator's contemporaries. Woolf
closes the essay with an exhortation to her audience of women
to take up the tradition that has been so hardly bequeathed to
them, and to increase the endowment for their own daughters.

VALUES BY I.V MALLARI

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schifrin’s argument is analogous to an argument made by the nra that gun
control laws do work, yet justfactsdaily uses an obscure paper from.
Dialogue in narrative essays there are two example: help me! example: i
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 values by i.v mallari
Claims that australia’s strict gun laws have proven effective are not
based schifrin’s argument is analogous to an argument made by the nra
that gun control laws do work, yet justfactsdaily uses an obscure paper
from. Dialogue in narrative essays there are two example: help me!
example: i am coming home, sue announced i am really tired and can’t
work anymore. In cracking the ap european history exam, we’ll teach
you how to think like essay-earn more points by reviewing the european
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 THE TEKAS OF THE MIND – JOHN STEINBACK
“I have said that Texas is a state of mind, but I think it is
more than that. It is a mystique closely approximating a
religion. And this is true to the extent that people either
passionately love Texas or passionately hate it and, as in
other religions, few people dare to inspect it for fear of
losing their bearings in mystery or paradox. But I think
there will be little quarrel with my feeling that Texas is one
thing. For all its enormous range of space, climate, and
physical appearance, and for all the internal squabbles,
contentions, and strivings, Texas has a tight cohesiveness
perhaps stronger than any other section of America. Rich,
poor, Panhandle, Gulf, city, country, Texas is the obsession,
the proper study, and the passionate possession of all
Texans.”

THE TEKAS OF THE MIND-JOHN

STEINBACK
“I have said that Texas is a state of mind,
but I think it is more than that. It is a
mystique closely approximating a religion.
And this is true to the extent that people
either passionately love Texas or passionately hate it and, as in
other religions, few people dare to inspect it for fear of losing
their bearings in mystery or paradox. But I think there will be
little quarrel with my feeling that Texas is one thing. For all its
enormous range of space, climate, and physical appearance, and
for all the internal squabbles, contentions, and strivings, Texas
has a tight cohesiveness perhaps stronger than any other section
of America. Rich, poor, Panhandle, Gulf, city, country, Texas is
the obsession, the proper study, and the passionate possession of
all Texans.”

THE MARKS OF AN EDUCATED MAN

NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER

There are many educated men on the face of

the Earth while some are not so educated. In his essay “The Marks
of an Educated Man”, Butler listed five traits of an educated man:
correctness and precision in the mother tongue, gentle manners,
power and habit of reflection, power of growth, and his possession
of efficiency/power to do so. The definition of an educated man in
Butler’s definition is indeed correct. You cannot say you met one
educated man that lacks all 5 of the traits that he had listed above.

To begin with, I agree with Butler’s definition of an educated man

because all the qualities that he listed are truly found in an
educated man. The first trait that he had stated was correctness
and precision in the mother tongue. What this basically means is
that an educated man uses correct language and pronunciation in
his speech on a day to day basis. In the text Butler states “When
one hears English well spoken with pure diction, correct
pronunciation and almost unconscious choice of the right words,
he or she recognizes it at once.” (page 1, paragraph 2, lines 15-17).
What Butler is saying is that if a man can speaks English clearly
and properly, therefore he is educated. People of this generation
cannot put a sentence together without using 2 negatives or a curse
word after every word that they say. An educated man pronounces
his word thoroughly and clearly so anyone and everyone can
understand what they are saying.
Furthermore, I agree with Butler’s definition of an educated man
because his definition(s) seem to be more precise than anyone’s
definition. His second trait that he had listed was that an educated
man has good manners. I believe that this is correct and many
educated men have good manners. If a man does not have good
manners and he always has a vulgar attitude, then he is not very
well educated. In the text Butler states “When manners are
superficial, artificial, and forced no matter what.

The marks of an educated man

Nicholas
Murray butler
There are many educated men on the face of the Earth
while some are not so educated. In his essay “The Marks
of an Educated Man”, Butler listed five traits of an
educated man: correctness and precision in the mother
tongue, gentle manners, power and habit of reflection,
power of growth, and his possession of efficiency/power
to do so. The definition of an educated man in Butler’s
definition is indeed correct. You cannot say you met one
educated man that lacks all 5 of the traits that he had
listed above.
To begin with, I agree with Butler’s definition of an
educated man because all the qualities that he listed are
truly found in an educated man. The first trait that he had
stated was correctness and precision in the mother tongue.
What this basically means is that an educated man uses
correct language and pronunciation in his speech on a day
to day basis. In the text Butler states “When one hears
English well spoken with pure diction, correct
pronunciation and almost unconscious choice of the right
words, he or she recognizes it at once.” (page 1,
paragraph 2, lines 15-17). What Butler is saying is that if
a man can speaks English clearly and properly, therefore
he is educated. People of this generation cannot put a
sentence together without using 2 negatives or a curse
word after every word that they say. An educated man
pronounces his word thoroughly and clearly so anyone
and everyone can understand what they are saying.
Furthermore, I agree with Butler’s definition of an
educated man because his definition(s) seem to be more
precise than anyone’s definition. His second trait that he
had listed was that an educated man has good manners. I
believe that this is correct and many educated men have
good manners. If a man does not have good manners and
he always has a vulgar attitude, then he is not very well
educated. In the text Butler states “When manners are
superficial, artificial, and forced no matter what.
 WHAT GOES UP ARTHUR C CLARKE

"What Goes Up" is a science fiction short

story by English writer Arthur C. Clarke,
first published in 1956, and later
anthologized in Tales from the White Hart.
Like the rest of the collection, it is a frame
story set in the fictional pub "White Hart",
where Harry Purvis narrates the secondary
tale. The title is a reference to the common
phrase "What goes up must come down".

What goes up Arthur

c. Clarke
"What Goes Up" is a science fiction short
story by English writer Arthur C. Clarke,
first published in 1956, and later
anthologized in Tales from the White
Hart. Like the rest of the collection, it is a
frame story set in the fictional pub
"White Hart", where Harry Purvis
narrates the secondary tale. The title is a
reference to the common phrase "What
goes up must come down".

THE LAUNCHING WILFRED

NOBLE
Wilfred Mott was the husband of Eileen Mott, the father of Sylvia Noble and
the maternal grandfather of Donna Noble. He was also a one-time
travelling companion of the Tenth Doctor, and the final companion with
whom the Doctor travelled in that incarnation. Unlike many of the people of
Earth, Wilfred was willing to believe aliens would come in peace one day,
and that humanity would eventually travel out to the stars and mingle with
them. A witness to several alien invasions of Earth in 2009, he was
instrumental in stopping the Time Lords' return from within the time-
lock which had sealed them in the Last Great Time War. In that effort, he
trapped himself in a chamber about to be flooded with lethal radiation. His
rescue was the proximate cause of the Doctor's regeneration into
his eleventh incarnation.
THE LAUNCHING WILFRED NOBLE
Wilfred Mott was the husband of Eileen Mott, the father of Sylvia
Noble and the maternal grandfather of Donna Noble. He was also a one-
time travelling companion of the Tenth Doctor, and the final companion
with whom the Doctor travelled in that incarnation. Unlike many of the
people of Earth, Wilfred was willing to believe aliens would come in
peace one day, and that humanity would eventually travel out to the stars
and mingle with them. A witness to several alien
invasions of Earth in 2009, he was instrumental in stopping the Time
Lords' return from within the time-lock which had sealed them in
the Last Great Time War. In that effort, he trapped himself in a chamber
about to be flooded with lethal radiation. His rescue was the proximate
cause of the Doctor's regeneration into his eleventh incarnation.
 GOLD MOUNTED
GUNS-F.R.BUCKLEY

In "Gold-mounted Guns" by F. R. Buckley the minimal use of

characters was very effective in building the plot and making Pa
Sanderson's expressions that much more hurtful. If there had been
a town of people who were being stolen from, the effect of the
many people would have made it so it was just another regular
occurrence, but it didn't and when Pa Sanderson's money had been
stolen, you felt for the old guy. Also by using the characters he did,
he was able to make them symbolize people within society and
make the theme of the story much more critical and
understandable.
Because of the character symbolization he made it so that
sympathizing with Pa Sanderson and his daughter was possible and
real. He made Pecos Tommy out to be a false image like a movie
bad guy; he made it so that Pecos Tommy was a fake leader. He
did this by building his character up with young Willie Arblaster's
mouth. If Will would have just spoke like Pecos Tommy was a low
down, dirty criminal, not someone to look up to then we would
have just read the story and the ending would have not been such
a surprise. But when Will bragged him up making him seem so
Notorious, then finding out in the last line of the story that he is
dead and was killed by not some hot shot hero but by some mere
town sheriff, it makes the ending not just surprising but mind
blowing.
Will Arblaster was used in the story because he was a
symbol of a follower someone who needs a leader because they are
incapable of doing a deed on their own. In our society he would be
the type of person who followed Hitler and believed that his way
was the right way. Although near the end he changed he became a
dynamic character eventually maturing into seeing that what he
was doing wasn't right. He put his life on the line in order to get Pa
Sanderson his money back and eventually learned a valuable
lesson on a life of crime.
 GOLD MOUNTED GUNS-F.R.BUCKLEY
In "Gold-mounted Guns" by F. R. Buckley the minimal use of
characters was very effective in building the plot and making Pa
Sanderson's expressions that much more hurtful. If there had
been a town of people who were being stolen from, the effect of
the many people would have made it so it was just another
regular occurrence, but it didn't and when Pa Sanderson's money
had been stolen, you felt for the old guy. Also by using the
characters he did, he was able to make them symbolize people
within society and make the theme of the story much more
critical and understandable.
Because of the character symbolization he made it so
that sympathizing with Pa Sanderson and his daughter was
possible and real. He made Pecos Tommy out to be a false
image like a movie bad guy; he made it so that Pecos Tommy
was a fake leader. He did this by building his character up with
young Willie Arblaster's mouth. If Will would have just spoke
like Pecos Tommy was a low down, dirty criminal, not someone
to look up to then we would have just read the story and the
ending would have not been such a surprise. But when Will
bragged him up making him seem so Notorious, then finding out
in the last line of the story that he is dead and was killed by not
some hot shot hero but by some mere town sheriff, it makes the
ending not just surprising but mind blowing.
Will Arblaster was used in the story because he was a
symbol of a follower someone who needs a leader because they
are incapable of doing a deed on their own. In our society he
would be the type of person who followed Hitler and believed
that his way was the right way. Although near the end he
changed he became a dynamic character eventually maturing
into seeing that what he was doing wasn't right. He put his life
on the line in order to get Pa Sanderson his money back and
eventually learned a valuable lesson on a life of crime.
 AN INDIAN BURIAL DEAN
DONER

In 1932, the writer, age 11, spent the summer with his aunt, uncle
& cousins on their So. Dakota farm. The writer, a city boy, was
greatly impressed by his cousin Ansel's easy self-confidence about
outdoor life, which frightened him. Ansel intimidated & bullied the
writer. Every week Ansel visited an old Sioux Indian up on the
bluffs & the writer usually went along. Ansel had great respect for
the Indians & was specially fond of this one; The writer was
repelled by him. One day, they found the Indian dead. Ansel
threatened & bullied the writer into helping him bury the old man
in a tree, according to old Indian custom. Before they finished, the
writer was frightened by a rattlesnake & ran off sobbing. Later,
after dark, he gained a new confidence, and returned to the farm.
 AN INDIAN BURIAL DEAN DONER
In 1932, the writer, age 11, spent the summer with his aunt,
uncle & cousins on their So. Dakota farm. The writer, a city boy,
was greatly impressed by his cousin Ansel's easy self-
confidence about outdoor life, which frightened him. Ansel
intimidated & bullied the writer. Every week Ansel visited an
old Sioux Indian up on the bluffs & the writer usually went
along. Ansel had great respect for the Indians & was specially
fond of this one; The writer was repelled by him. One day, they
found the Indian dead. Ansel threatened & bullied the writer into
helping him bury the old man in a tree, according to old Indian
custom. Before they finished, the writer was frightened by a
rattlesnake & ran off sobbing. Later, after dark, he gained a new
confidence, and returned to the farm.

QUALITY JOHN
GALSWORTHY

“Quality” tells the story of Mr. Gessler, a German shoemaker.

Although Mr. Gessler makes the best boots in London, his business
is failing because he is unable to compete with the big companies
around him. These companies, we learn, earn their customers not
through quality but advertising. Mr. Gessler is ultimately
triumphant in that he is able to establish his own conditions for
success; what matters most to Gessler is that he produces quality
boots, and in this regard he succeeds.

Gessler views making boots as an art during a time in which the

world around him is increasingly shaped by the buying and selling
of commodities. Mr. Gessler refuses to give into modern business
practices. Whereas his competitors depend on advertisement,
Gessler’s approach is minimalist in nature:

There was no sign upon it other than the name of Gessler Brothers;
and in the window a few pairs of boots. He made only what was
ordered, and what he made never failed to fit.
Mr. Gessler tells the narrator that “Dose big virms ‘ave no self-
respect.” Ultimately, Gessler’s triumph is that of an artist who
respects himself and his work. Mr. Gessler makes a quality
product—it is so high quality, in fact, that the narrator claims it
lasts forever. But Mr. Gessler is less concerned with selling more
boots and making a profit than he is making a work of art, and in
this regard he succeeds on his own terms.
 QUALITY JOHN GALSWORTHY

“Quality” tells the story of Mr. Gessler, a German shoemaker.

Although Mr. Gessler makes the best boots in London, his
business is failing because he is unable to compete with the big
companies around him. These companies, we learn, earn their
customers not through quality but advertising. Mr. Gessler is
ultimately triumphant in that he is able to establish his own
conditions for success; what matters most to Gessler is that he
produces quality boots, and in this regard he succeeds.

Gessler views making boots as an art during a time in which the

world around him is increasingly shaped by the buying and
selling of commodities. Mr. Gessler refuses to give into modern
business practices. Whereas his competitors depend on
advertisement, Gessler’s approach is minimalist in nature:

There was no sign upon it other than the name of Gessler

Brothers; and in the window a few pairs of boots. He made only
what was ordered, and what he made never failed to fit.
Mr. Gessler tells the narrator that “Dose big virms ‘ave no self-
respect.” Ultimately, Gessler’s triumph is that of an artist who
respects himself and his work. Mr. Gessler makes a quality
product—it is so high quality, in fact, that the narrator claims it
lasts forever. But Mr. Gessler is less concerned with selling
more boots and making a profit than he is making a work of art,
and in this regard he succeeds on his own terms.
 SIXTEEN MAUREEN
DAY

Maureen Daly (March 15, 1921 – September 25, 2006), was an Irish-born
American writer best known for her 1942 novel Seventeenth Summer, which
she wrote while still in her teens. Originally published for adults, it
described a contemporary teenage romance and drew a large teenage
audience. It is regarded by some as the first young adult novel, although
the concept of young adult literature was not developed until the 1960s,
more than twenty years later.[citation needed] At age 16, Daly also wrote an
award-winning short story, "Sixteen", that appeared in many anthologies.

Although Daly did not publish another novel for 44 years after Seventeenth
Summer, she had a long career in journalism from the 1940s through the
1990s, working at the Chicago Tribune, Ladies' Home Journal, The Saturday
Evening Post, and The Desert Sun in addition to doing freelance work. While
at the Tribune, she wrote a popular syndicated advice column for teenagers
that was later taken over by her younger sister, Sheila John Daly. She also
wrote nonfiction books for adults and teenagers, and story books for
children. In the 1980s and early 1990s, she authored two more young adult
novels dealing with themes of romance.

She was one of the four "Daly sisters" (the others being Ma ggie, Kay, and
Sheila John) whose successful careers in media, fashion and business were
covered by national magazines during the 1940s and 1950s. She also co -
wrote some books with her husband, mystery and crime author William P.
McGivern.
 SIXTEEN MAUREEN DAY
Maureen Daly (March 15, 1921 – September 25, 2006), was an
Irish-born American writer best known for her 1942
novel Seventeenth Summer, which she wrote while still in her
teens. Originally published for adults, it desc ribed a
contemporary teenage romance and drew a large teenage
audience. It is regarded by some as the first young adult novel,
although the concept of young adult literature was not developed
until the 1960s, more than twenty years later.[ citation needed] At
age 16, Daly also wrote an award-winning short story, "Sixteen",
that appeared in many anthologies.
Although Daly did not publish another novel for 44 years
after Seventeenth Summer, she had a long career in journalism
from the 1940s through the 1990s, working at the Chicago
Tribune, Ladies' Home Journal, The Saturday Evening Post,
and The Desert Sun in addition to doing freelance work. While at
the Tribune, she wrote a popular syndicated advice column for
teenagers that was later taken over by her younger sister, Sheila
John Daly. She also wrote nonfiction books for adults and
teenagers, and story books for children. In the 1980s and early
1990s, she authored two more young adult novels dealing with
themes of romance.
She was one of the four "Daly sisters" (the others being
Maggie, Kay, and Sheila John) whose successful careers in
media, fashion and business were covered by national magazines
during the 1940s and 1950s. She also co-wrote some books with
her husband, mystery and crime author William P. McGivern.
 TEEN AGERS FULTON SHEEN
Once boys and girls become teenagers, they tend to polarize or to separate into their own
groups, boys with boys, girls with girls. The natural differentiation permits a true physical
and psychic development of each. The boys through an aggressiveness in their games
unfold chivalry, daring, strength, mastery over nature, and tend even to form community
life, even though it is in terms of gangs.

The girls, on the other hand, in virtue of this separation, evolve sensitiveness, refinement,
ideals and timidity, in order that there may not be a too precocious revelation of a secret.
There is also an introduction to the rhythm of the cosmos and a reminder that they have
within themselves creative possibilities and are the bearers of life. These negative and
positive poles are necessary at a certain point in life, otherwise no sparks will be
generated later.

Where this polarization is not developed, due to a seriousness in love developed at a very
early state, there is an arrested development both in the way of timidity for a woman and
chivalry for a man. The bow and violin are brought together before the bow is waxed and
the strings are tuned. Young people are led into the big league before an apprenticeship
in the minors. The boys, never having passed through a period of polarization because of
too early courtship, develop effeminacy and foppishness, and often become sentimental
and unruly. The effect on girls is to make them impudent, boyish and tough, all of which
are shown in the fashions, particularly in their dressing like boys. Young men do not want
in others the qualities which they already possess, but the qualities which they do not.
Everyone in love is looking for a complement, a difference, a filling up of what he lacks.
The next stage to polarization is what might be called divinization, in which the brain
becomes clouded with erotic vapors which make one see divinity in humanity. Though
there is a tendency at this stage to repudiate genuine religious worship, nevertheless, the
language of religion is taken over in such words as worship and eternity and loving
forever. The Devil in Goethe says, "After drinking that drought you will see Helen of Troy
in every woman."

The divinization has its basis in the fact that we have a soul as well as a body, and the
soul, being infinite, can imagine infinite happiness. We can, for example, imagine a
mountain of gold, but we will never see one. All experiences are colored with the brush of
infinity, which accounts for this divinization in which the other partner becomes either a
god or an angel.

Divinization is also a kind of crystallization. A piece of wood left for a time in the Salzburg
salt mines will become covered with crystals which make it appear as if it were a mass of
glittering jewels. This crystallization stage means that the young people do not actually
fall in love with a person; they may fall in love with an experience because all is
sweetness and light. There is a danger of projecting what one would like to find in
another so that what is loved is not so much the other person as the projected image.

Strange though it is, there seems to be more of the idea of worship in the boy than there
is in the girl. "Pinups" are generally found in the rooms of boys, rather than on the walls
of girls. Girls lean more to uniforms, hairdos and other such trappings. There is this,
however, in common between the two, namely, the significance of the general over the
particular, the genus over the individual. The pinup on the wall of the boy and the long
hair over the eyes of the boy become specimens of the other sex; there is a disregard of
the purely personal, which reaches its extreme example in prostitution, where the person
does not matter. "Falling in Love with Love" is the song side of this love of the impersonal
instead of the personal. Sex is replaceable; a person is not.
 TEEN AGERS FULTON SHEEN

Once boys and girls become teenagers, they tend to polarize or to separate into their own groups,
boys with boys, girls with girls. The natural differentiation permits a true physical and psychic
development of each. The boys through an aggressiveness in their games unfold chivalry, daring,
strength, mastery over nature, and tend even to form community life, even though it is in terms
of gangs.

The girls, on the other hand, in virtue of this separation, evolve sensitiveness, refinement, ideals
and timidity, in order that there may not be a too precocious revelation of a secret. There is also
an introduction to the rhythm of the cosmos and a reminder that they have within themselves
creative possibilities and are the bearers of life. These negative and positive poles are necessary
at a certain point in life, otherwise no sparks will be generated later.

Where this polarization is not developed, due to a seriousness in love developed at a very early
state, there is an arrested development both in the way of timidity for a woman and chivalry for a
man. The bow and violin are brought together before the bow is waxed and the strings are tuned.
Young people are led into the big league before an apprenticeship in the minors. The boys, never
having passed through a period of polarization because of too early courtship, develop
effeminacy and foppishness, and often become sentimental and unruly. The effect on girls is to
make them impudent, boyish and tough, all of which are shown in the fashions, particularly in
their dressing like boys. Young men do not want in others the qualities which they already
possess, but the qualities which they do not. Everyone in love is looking for a complement, a
difference, a filling up of what he lacks.

The next stage to polarization is what might be called divinization, in which the brain becomes
clouded with erotic vapors which make one see divinity in humanity. Though there is a tendency
at this stage to repudiate genuine religious worship, nevertheless, the language of religion is
taken over in such words as worship and eternity and loving forever. The Devil in Goethe says,
"After drinking that drought you will see Helen of Troy in every woman."

The divinization has its basis in the fact that we have a soul as well as a body, and the soul, being
infinite, can imagine infinite happiness. We can, for example, imagine a mountain of gold, but
we will never see one. All experiences are colored with the brush of infinity, which accounts for
this divinization in which the other partner becomes either a god or an angel.

Divinization is also a kind of crystallization. A piece of wood left for a time in the Salzburg salt
mines will become covered with crystals which make it appear as if it were a mass of glittering
jewels. This crystallization stage means that the young people do not actually fall in love with a
person; they may fall in love with an experience because all is sweetness and light. There is a
danger of projecting what one would like to find in another so that what is loved is not so much
the other person as the projected image.

Strange though it is, there seems to be more of the idea of worship in the boy than there is in the
girl. "Pinups" are generally found in the rooms of boys, rather than on the walls of girls. Girls
lean more to uniforms, hairdos and other such trappings. There is this, however, in common
between the two, namely, the significance of the general over the particular, the genus over the
individual. The pinup on the wall of the boy and the long hair over the eyes of the boy become
specimens of the other sex; there is a disregard of the purely personal, which reaches its extreme
example in prostitution, where the person does not matter. "Falling in Love with Love" is the
song side of this love of the impersonal instead of the personal. Sex is replaceable; a person is
not.