SAKURAJIMA

Mountain type: Somma-stratovolcano

Last eruption: August 2017
Elevation: 1,117 m
Location: Kyushu, Japan
Did you know: Most of its eruptions are strombolian, affecting only the summit
areas, but larger plinian eruptions have occurred in 1471-1476, 1779-1782 and 1914

Sakurajima (Japanese: 桜島, literally "Cherry blossom Island") is an active composite

volcano, formerly an island and now a peninsula, in Kagoshima Prefecture in Kyushu,
Japan.The lava flows of the 1914 eruption connected it with the Ōsumi Peninsula. It is
the most active volcano in Japan.

The volcanic activity still continues, dropping volcanic ash on the surroundings which
continues as of March 2019. Earlier eruptions built the white sand highlands in the
region. The most recent eruption started on May 2, 2017. On September 13, 2016 a team
of experts from Bristol University and the Sakurajima Volcano Research Centre in Japan
suggested that the volcano could have a major eruption within 30 years. Sakurajima is a
stratovolcano. Its summit has three peaks, Kita-dake (northern peak), Naka-dake (central
peak) and Minami-dake (southern peak) which is active now.
Kita-dake is Sakurajima's highest peak, rising to 1,117 m (3,665 ft) above sea level. The
mountain is in a part of Kagoshima Bay known as Kinkō-wan. The former island is part
of the city of Kagoshima. The surface of this volcanic peninsula is about 77 km2 (30 sq
mi).
 OL DOINYO LENGAI (OLDOINYO LENGAI),

Elevation: 2,962 m

Last eruption: 2006

Mountain type: Stratovolcano
Location: Tanzania, Africa
Did you know: The bulk of the mass of the magma is composed on mainly calcium, CO2
(and in the case of Ol Doinyo Lengai, sodium)
Ol Doinyo Lengai (Oldoinyo Lengai), "Mountain of God" in the Maasai language,[2] is
an active volcano located in the Gregory Rift, south of Lake Natron within the Arusha
Region of Tanzania, Africa. Part of the volcanic system of the East African Rift, it
uniquely produces natrocarbonatite lava. The 1960 eruption of Ol Doinyo Lengai led to
geological investigations that finally confirmed the view that carbonatite rock is derived
from magma.
Lava
Whereas most lavas are rich in silicate minerals, the lava of Ol Doinyo Lengai is a
carbonatite. It is rich in the rare sodium and potassium carbonates, nyerereite and
gregoryite. Due to this unusual composition, the lava erupts at relatively low
temperatures of approximately 510 °C (950 °F). This temperature is so low that the
molten lava appears black in sunlight, rather than having the red glow common to most
lavas. It is also much more fluid than silicate lavas, often less viscous than water. The
sodium and potassium carbonate minerals of the lavas erupted at Ol Doinyo Lengai are
unstable at the Earth's surface and susceptible to rapid weathering, quickly turning from
black to grey in colour. The resulting volcanic landscape is different from any other in the
world.
 KLYUCHEVSKAYA SOPKA

Last eruption: July 2007

Elevation: 4,750 m
Location: Kamchatka, Russia
Mountain type: Stratovolcano (active)
Did you know: Last, the strongest eruption with a break on the side Klyuchevskoy
volcano occurred from 1978 to 1993
Klyuchevskaya Sopka (Russian: Ключевская сопка; also known as Klyuchevskoi,
Russian: Ключевской) is a stratovolcano, the highest mountain on the Kamchatka
Peninsula of Russia and the highest active volcano of Eurasia. It is the highest
mountain in Siberia (Asian Russia). Its steep, symmetrical cone towers about 100
kilometres (60 mi) from the Bering Sea. The volcano is part of the natural
Volcanoes of Kamchatka UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Klyuchevskaya appeared 6,000 years ago.[1] Its first recorded eruption occurred in
1697,[2] and it has been almost continuously active ever since, as have many of its
neighboring volcanoes. It was first climbed in 1788 by Daniel Gauss and two other
members of the Billings Expedition.[3] No other ascents were recorded until 1931,
when several climbers were killed by flying lava on the descent. As similar
dangers still exist today, few ascents are made.
Klyuchevskaya Sopka is considered sacred by some indigenous peoples, being
viewed by them as the location at which the world was created. Other volcanoes in
the region are seen with similar spiritual significance, but Klyuchevskaya Sopka is
the most sacred of these.