Basis of Design Report Costa Del Este Il Proposed building: Panama City, Panama BIDP CINCINNATI © COLUMBUS + RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK DXRERRRESEEND 322 . 8°51. Suite 500 | cincinati OM 45202 | Phone 513-271-1634 | Fax 13271-7017 | wwww.hdp.comCosta Del Este I! Office Tower Panama City, Panama August 14, 2008 Basis of Design Outline Table of Contents 1.0 Architectural Program * Population Calculations 2.0 Architectural Specifications 3.0 Building Envelope Descriptions 4.0 Preliminary Floor plans 5.0 Fire Protection Part 1: System Description Part 2: Design Criteria 6.0 Plumbing Part 1: System Description Part 2: Design Criteria 7.0 HVAC Part 1: System Description Part 2:Design Criteria 8.0 Electrical Part 1: System Description Part 2: Design Criteria 9.0 Appendix Exhibit Preliminary Building Code Study Exhibit Seismic Code Evaluation Exhibit Climate/ Sun Study Exhibit Preliminary Elevator information Page 2 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Preliminary Program Document: Costa Del Este I 8/15/2008 otal Building Size: 110,926 sm 1,194,001 sf 44,107 _sm 466,954 sf Levels: 1-15, (345,134 sm 485,822 st 42,286 sm 455,163 sf Rota: Retail: Levels: Ground, Parking (P1-P7) T1a18 sm 768,742 st aaa Cle ee Ground floor totals: 9,532_sm 102,600 _sf 2,053 _sm 22,100 _sf_20-8" floor to floor Retail 1.937 sm 20,850 sf 1,858 sm 20,000 sf 20-8" floor to floor Lobby (Reception, Café) 347 sm 3,740 sf Cafe: 195 sm SAI F208" Noor to floor Parking: 130 spaces 4527 sm 48,725 sf 10-4" floor to floor ‘AHU / Security 203 sm 2,180. sf 20-8" floor to floor Dock!Staging 348 sm 3,725 sh Penne 1,844 sm 19,850 sf 1074" floor to floor Core (toilets, elevators, stairs, ect) 328 sm 3,530 sf 4101-4" floor to floor P1 floor totals: Parking: 147 spaces 4,696 “4,898 ‘sm. sm 50,542 50,542 sf sf 10-4" floor to floor P2 through P7 total Parking: 1,793 spaces 87,191 sm 615,600 sf a aa Total of 2,070 +/- parking sspace (all loors) 10-4" floor to floor typical et otal Be on 30712 Sf 1672s 16,000 SF —16- Toor to for Large Cantrnce 168 om 2000 of (iRoom Tired sear sng fr 50 Medium Conference (2 106 em 2000 (2) Rooms seating Roce seating fr 28 standard Confrence (41t) 1 3400. sf (Rooms seating for re Function lobby 186 om 2000 sf Catan room m3 sm 280 at Venn sea ‘onl at Breakout oea seas) a em 400 af Fess room 0 om 4500 ot Locker ooms! Aditonal Tolls 223 om 2400 Olcespoce 1672 sm 18000 sf «1672 sm_——18,000. af Gore att, ts, x) to om 1787 sf Cesston MEP mai sm 2875 Page 3 of 21Costa Del Este II August 14, 2008 e Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Levels 2 through 4 totals 10,928 em 117,636 sf 11,406 _om 122,772 _sf_ 14-0" for to floor 39,212sm leasable per lev — Office space 10445 sm 112,425 sf «11,06. sm 122,772 sf_ 11810 135 occupants per tovel Core (toilet, stairs, ect) 483 om 5211 of ‘118m per floor Lovols 5 through 15 totals 24,182 sm 259974 sf___24,152_sm 259.975 sf _ 14-0" floor to floor at 2,196sm leasable per level Office space 23,668 sm = 254,763 sf 24,152 sm 259,975 sf 118 to 135 occupants per level Core (tlle, stairs, ect) 484 om 8211 of ‘18am per floor "Penthouse totals. 784 sm 8,437 __st 18-0" floor to roof, Mechanical space (AHU's, Elevator Mach. Rooms, Ductwork, Ect.) 74 sm 8437 st Page 4 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 ps Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Population Calculation Office Area Occupancy ni SF ‘SM (150) | (/200) | Code 23,634 2,196 135 118] 236 23,634 2,196 135 118| 236 23,634 2,196 135} 118] 236 23,634 2,196 135| 118] 236 23,634 2,196 135. 118 236 23,634 2,196 135 118| 236 23,634 2,196 135 118) 236 (23,634 2,196 135 118) 236 23,634 2,196 135 118| 236 23,634 2,196 135| 118] 236 23,634 2,196 135} 118| 236 39,212 3,643 (224 196 | 392 39,212 3,643 (224 196| 392 39,212 3,643 224 196 | 392 39,212 3,643 224) 196| 692 102,600 9,532 102,600 9,532 102,600 9,532 102,600 | 9,532 102,600 | 9,532 102,600 | 9,532 50,542 4,696 102,600_| 9,532 20 26 | 1,326 nm 1,185,564 | 110,141 2,402 | 2,110 | 5,794 Page 5 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama ARCHITECTURAL SPECIFCATIONS 4.1 DIVISION 02- EXISTING CONDITIONS: A. Selective Structure Demolition 1. Removal of existing retaining wall on west drive (between existing building and proposed building) 1.2 DIVISION 03- CONCRETE A. CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE - 4. Seven Level cast-in-place concrete parking structure with required footings and foundations. Post tension structure with concrete elevated floor plates and framing system. Reference floor plans for layout of parking decks. 2. Miscellaneous architectural concrete to include but not limited to: a. Fill for metal pan stairs. b. MEP equipment curbs and housekeeping pads. c. Conerete curb stops in parking deck. One concrete parking stop per parking space. d. Concrete filled bollard throughout the parking and loading areas. . Concrete walks around perimeter of building 3. Concrete tanks- (2) tanks/ concrete vaults for rainwater harvest system- reference plumbing section for more information. B. PRECAST ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE 1. Precast concrete is to be used primarily on the parking garage exterior wall panels (reference preliminary elevation drawings). Panels will be connected to the structural frame. a. Precast panels throughout the parking garage perimeter. Panels to have, multiple finishes and textures: i. Flat profile w/ abrasive-blast finish ji. Textured profile, achieved with formliner, w/ abrasive- blast (light sand blast) finish 1.3. DIVISION 04- MASONRY Page 6 of 21Costa Del Este II August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama A. UNIT MASONRY 1. Masonry block (.203 meter) 8” nominal concrete masonry unit interior partitions, typical at service areas at Street Level, vertical reinforcing at (1.22 meter) 4'-0" O.C. 2. North property line- (1.22 meter) 4’-0"+/- high- unit block retaining wall as required to slope access drive at northeast corner of property. 1.4 DIVISION 05-METALS A STRUCTURAL STEEL, STEEL JOIST, & STEEL DECKING FRAMING 1. Structural framing of tower above parking deck is to be determined B. COLD-FORMED METAL FRAMING 1. Structural cold-formed metal stud framing system at exterior walls around penthouse enclosure, designed to support appropriate loads. C METAL FABRICATIONS 1. Miscellaneous steel to support exterior cladding. All steel is attached to building framing system. Miscellaneous steel to include, but not limited to: a. Bearing plates & Lintels b. Exposed canopy/ exterior skin cladding supports c. lls (exclude “decorative” railings) a. ia pipe railings typical (stairs, e. Ladders (roof, elevator pits) Elevator sills g. Hoist beam @ top of each elevator shaft h. Traffic bollards @ Parking Garage i Miscellaneous framing and supports + Above ceiling @ operable partitions * Above ceiling @ ceiling hung toilet partitions * Additional framing as required i Exit Stairs to be steel framed w/ concrete filled metal pan treads and landings. k. _ Allexposed exterior metal fabrications to be galvanized. I Metal grating at service stairs at cooling tower m. Roof top equipment supports. D. DECORATIVE METAL Page 7 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Decorative perforated metal panels at Parking Garage. Alll panels, banding & fasteners to be stainless steel 2. Perforated sheets, staggered dot pattern, multiple open percentages to be determined based on openness requirements for open parking garage. Perforated sheets to be fabricated in Panels, installation to be coordinated with wall construction. 3. Decorative expanded metal screen panels at Parking Garage. ‘Sheets to be fabricated into panels, installation to be coordinated with wall construction... a. Panels, banding & fasteners to be stainless steel b. 1/8" (3.175 millimeters) thick sheets, open percentage to be determined based on openness requirements for open parking garage. c. Sheets to be fabricated into panels, installation to be coordinated with wall construction. E. DECORATIVE METAL RAILINGS. Communicating stairs in public spaces a. Custom design railings b. Stainless steel posts and rails, #4 finish c. Tempered glass infill panels 2. Exterior Railings at terrace around Amenity floor. a. Custom design railings b. Stainless steel posts and rails, #4 finish c. Perforated stainless steel sheet infill panels. 1.5 DIVISION 06 - WOOD AND PLASTICS A. MISCELLANEOUS ROUGH CARPENTRY 1. Miscellaneous treated wood blocking, roof blocking, B. SHEATHING 1. Glass-mat exterior gypsum board sheathing at exterior wall locations behind metal panel around perimeter of penthouse. Design Basis: Dens Glass Gold Cc. INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL WOODWORK 1 Millwork at main lobby reception desk: a. Granite countertop work surface b. _ Metal-laminate clad cabinets and panels with metal reveals, stainless steel supports. c. Wood framed with stained wood veneer face Page 8 of 21Costa Del Este II August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama 1.6 d. 4" (10.16 centimeters) high stainless steel base 2. Counters in Toilet Rooms: a. Solid surface material countertops with integral bowls and backsplash. 6” (15.24 centimeter) solid surface front face return 3. Wood paneling at main lobby elevator lobby: a. Cherry veneer on plywood panels with metal reveal pattern. Panels to be full height of elevator lobby (ground floor main lobby only). DIVISION 07- THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION A. SELF-ADHERING SHEET WATERPROOFING 1. Sheet waterproofing at retaining walls and elevator pits. Design basis: Grace Products Bituthene 3000. B. THERMAL INSULATION 1 Foil-faced batt insulation, R-19 min, at metal framed exterior walls. ‘Tape and seal to provide vapor barrier at inside face of stud cavity. C. AIR BARRIERS 4 Provide air barrier on interior face of cold formed metal frames walls. Basis of Design: DuPont Tyvek ‘Commercial Wrap” D. ALUMINUM COMPOSITE WALL PANELS (ACMP) 1. Aluminum-faced Composite Metal (ACM) wall panels, installed in dry joint rainscreen, pressure-equalized system. Basis of Design: Alucobond panels, Sobotec SL-2000 cladding system with 3-coat exotic Kynar coil coat. E. THERMOPLASTIC MEMBRANE ROOFING 1 Fully adhered, fabric reinforced white PVC membrane roofing system. Design Basis: Sarnafil, 60 mil thickness. a. _EnergyStar certified b. Roof Assembly: install membrane over cover board, 3” min polyisocyanurate insulation installed in (2) layers. c. Roof system requirements: Fire/Windstorm Classification FMG 1A-90; Class “A" rating; 15-yr warranty. 4. Roof slope will be generally provided by sloped structure. Provide tapered insulation as required to slope roof surface to drains. Page 9 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama F. SHEET METAL FLASHING AND TRIM 1. Prefinished aluminum roof flashing (color to match window system) around perimeter of building at roof edge. G. ROOF ACCESSORIES 1 Precast pavers traffic pads on protective insulation board above roofing H. CEMENTITIOUS FIREPROOFING 1 Concealed sprayed fire-resistive material (SFRM) at all structural steel and steel deck, as required to provide designated fire resistance rating- ratings must comply with UL listing or equal testing approved by IBC. a. Structural frame: 3 hour b. Structural frame supporting roof only: 2 hour ¢. Floor construction: 2 hour d. Roof construction: 4.5 hour |. PENETRATION FIRESTOPPING 1. Firestop systems for penetrations through fire-resistance-rated constructions, including both empty openings and openings containing penetrating items. Resistance ratings must comply with UL listing or equal testing approved by IBC. J JOINT SEALANTS 1. Sealants: Silicone exterior sealants, single componet medium modulus sealant. Locations: a. Construction joints in cast-in-place concrete b. Control & expansion joints in masonry units (loading dock) c. Joints between metal panel and window systems connection. d. Joints between window systems and abutting construction e. Perimeter joints between materials listed above and frames of doors windows, and louvers. 2. Silicone one-part urethane and latex interior sealants. Locations: a. Mildew-resistant silicone interior sealant in toilet rooms, around plumbing fixtures. b. Control joints of exterior openings. c. Perimeter joints between interior wall surfaces and frames of interior doors and elevator entrances. 4.7 DIVISION 08 - OPENINGS ‘A. HOLLOW METAL DOORS AND FRAMES Page 10 of 21Costa Del Este Il August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama 1 Fully welded 3'-0" x 8'-0" (914m x2.13m) hollow metal frames at interior service spaces. Provide galvanized finish for exterior and wet locations. Provide fire-rated frames and doors at openings in fire-resistance rated partitions. All doors to receive a painted finish. Locations: a. Loading dock b. Stair tower (rated doors) ©. Utility rooms on lower level and central core on parking levels (rating as req’d.). B. FLUSH WOOD DOORSFLUSH WOOD DOORS 1. Premium grade, solid core wood doors, with clear maple faces. Provide fire-rated doors at openings in fire-resistance rated partitions. All doors to receive a stained finish. Locations: a. Typical interior door around central core on office floors. b. Any retail level partition doors. C. ACCESS DOORS AND FRAMES 1. Hollow metal access panels with drywall insert in chase walls and hard surface ceilings at overhead MEP locations that require maintenance access. D. OVERHEAD COILING DOORS 1 Motor operated overhead coiling doors at loading dock, into chiller and transformer room. —, EXTERIOR ALUMINUM FRAMED ENTRANCES AND STOREFRONTS 1. Aluminum entrance doors, medium stile, double swinging automatic doors. Finish to match curtain wall. Design Basis: Kawneer. Finish to be an exotic Kynar coil coat. Locations: a. Provide doors at retail spaces. b. _Allexterior doors connected to a window systems. c. Provide card readers as necessary for security system. F. EXTERIOR PRE-GLAZED UNITIZED ALUMINUM WINDOW SYSTEM. 1. Manufactured exterior window wall system. System to span from floor to floor anchoring to the floor slab. Design Basis: Kawneer 2500 PG Wall. System to include: a. Butt glazed vertical & corner joints w/ structural silicone sealant. b. Horizontal pressure plates w/ ornamental custom profile extruded aluminum mullion caps c. Finish: Custom “exotic” 3-coat fluoropolymer system d. Glazed in ACMP into system Reference Glazing for types of glass. 2 Page 11 of 21Costa Del Este Il Office Tower Panama City, Panama G. August 14, 2008 Basis of Design DOOR HARDWARE. 1, Typical hardware is Grade 1: 2eaooD Brushed stainless steel Heavy duty, lever handle mortise locksets, 5-knuckle butt hinges, surface closers, door stops Concealed rod push pad exit devices, electric locksets at security locations. All security hardware connected to building security ‘system; doors and frames prepped for magnetic contacts. Security hardware may include magnetic locks, electric latch retraction, and other components. Card readers and cards will be furnished by Owner. g. Provide door closers at all fire-rated doors, toilets, security doors and exterior doors. h. Automatic operators for handicap access at designated exterior doors. GLAZING 1. Exterior window wall systems: a. Vision units- 1” insulating glass units: HS panes, high performance tinted Low-E coating. Multiple tints within system. b. _ Spandrel Units- 1” insulating units, tinted outside glass to match vision units, colored and metallic opacifiers, spandrel insulation. 2. Entrance Doors: a. 1/4" tempered glass, tinted to match curtain wall glazing. 3. Interior Windows: a. 1/4" clear; laminated with frosted finish inner layer. MIRRORS 1. Frameless 1/4" clear annealed glass with silvered back surface, with safety backing, Install full height from top of lavatory to ceiling. LOUVERS AND VENTS 1. Architectural series aluminum fixed blade exterior wall louvers. ish to match ACMP. Page 12 of 21Costa Del Este I! Office Tower Panama City, Panama 4.8 DIVISION 09 ~ FINISHES August 14, 2008 Basis of Design Preliminary Schedule of Finishes Room Area Suggested Finish/ Furniture Entry/ Vestibule Walls Combination of granite and wood (street Level) Floors Stone tile/ recessed metal floor mat Ceiling Drywall Base Stainless steel/ wood Lighting Recessed can lighting Main Lobby Walls Combination of granite and wood (Street Level) Floors Stone tile Celling Drywall Base Stainless steel/ wood Lighting Specialty pendants & recessed fixtures Misc. Display systems/ possible cable mount graphics/ branding, glass & wood paneled accents w/ specialty paint/ wall coatings; glass screen wall backdrop behind reception desk. Furniture Lounge/ waiting leather seating; Reception desk (reference interior architectural woodwork for description) Cafe Walls ‘Combination of drywall and wood panels (Street Level) Floors Stone tile Ceiling Drywall Base Stainless steel/ wood Lighting Specialty pendants & recessed fixtures Misc. Branding, glass & wood paneled accents w/ specialty paint and wall coverings Furniture/ Multiple service countertops/ food display cases Equipment —_| (6) café tables and chairs lounge seating Security Walls Drywall Floors Carpet Ceiling Acoustical Lay Base Rubber Lighting, 2x4 Parabolic Fixtures Page 13 of 21Costa Del Este Il Office Tower Panama City, Panama August 14, 2008 Basis of Design Ground floor Support Spaces | Walls Exposed Concrete Block AHU/ Switch Gear/ Dock/ | Floors Sealed Concrete Generators/ Dock/Chillers/ | Ceiling Exposed Fire Pump Lighting Strip Fluorescent Elevator lobby Walls Granite panels with reveal pattern (Street Level) Floors Stone tile Ceiling Drywall Base Stainless steel/ wood Lighting Linear wall wash with decorative accent lighting Elevator lobby walls ‘Wood panels and drywall w/ reveal pattern (Central Core- Office floors) | Floors stone Ceiling Drywall Base Wood Lighting Linear wall wash with decorative accent lighting Elevator lobby Walls Painted concrete/ trespa panel floor identific (Central Core- Garage floors) | Floors Sealed Concrete Ceiling Exposed Base Rubber Lighting Strip Fluorescent Toilet rooms Walls Specialty Paint & Porcelain Tile with large accent tiles, (Central Core) Floors Porcelain Tile- large dimensional tiles, ceiling Drywall Base Porcelain Tile Lighting Recessed Cans & linear wall wash, with decorative Millwork. accent lighting Miscellaneous Solid Surface, stone or other specialty material Specialty Mirrors; Ceiling hung phenolic panel partitions Central Core Lobby Walls Drywall Outside toilet rooms/ Floors Carpet Outside freight elevator Ceiling Acoustical Lay-in (Central Core Office floors) | Base Wood Lighting Recessed can Exit Stairs Walls Paint (central Core) Floors Rubber treads/ risers w/ matching or resilient landings Ceiling Drywall Lighting ‘Wall mounted Fluorescent Page 14 of 21Costa Del Este Il Office Tower Panama City, Panama August 14, 2008 Basis of Design ‘Support Spaces Walls Drywall Mechanical/ Electrical/ IDF | Floors Sealed Concrete (Central Core- Office floors) | Ceiling Exposed Base Rubber Lighting Strip Fluorescent Large Conference Room walls Paint (amenity Level) Floors Carpet Ceiling Acoustical Lay-in Lighting 2x4 Parabolic Fixtures Base Wood Miscellaneous/ | Built up- Tiered floor / blinds on exterior windows Furniture Large Projection screen at head wall with projector / Seating for 50 with table work surface Medium Conference Rooms | Walls Paint (Amenity Level) Floors Carpet ce Acoustical Lay-in Lighting 2xd Parabolic Fixtures Base Wood Miscellaneous Standard Projection screen and projector / blinds on exterior windows Furniture Seating for 25 with table work surface Standard Conference Rooms | Walls Paint (Amenity Level) Floors Carpet Ceiling Acoustical Lay-in Lighting 2xd Parabolic Fixtures Base Wood Furniture Seating for 10- 12 with central conference table Break-out Area Walls Paint/ Wall coverings (Amenity Level) Floors Carpet Ceiling Acoustical Lay Lighting 2xé Parabolic Fixtures/ Accent pendant fixtures Base Wood Furniture Clustered seating areas/ lounge seating Catering Kitchen walls Paint (Amenity Level) Floors ver Ceiling ‘Acoustical Lay-in (washable tiles) Lighting 2xd Parabolic Fixtures Base Rubber Equipment | Commercial grade Refrigerator & microwave, Coffee maker, dishwasher Page 15 of 21Costa Del Este II August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Fitness Room Walls Paint (Amenity Level) Floors Rubber athletic flooring Ceiling Acoustical Lay-in Lighting 2x4 Parabolic Fixtures Base Rubber Equipment —_| workout machines (treadmills elliptical. rowing, and free weights) Locker Rooms Walls Paint (Amenity Level) Floors Porcelain Tile Ceiling Acoustical Lay-in Lighting 2x4 Parabolic Fixtures Base Porcelain Tile Equipment _| (20-25) Wood finished lockers & benches Shower Rooms Walls Porcelain Tile with Large tile accents (Amenity Level) Floors Porcelain Tile Ceiling Drywall Lighting Recessed Cans Base Porcelain Tile Equipment | 5 shower units A. GYPSUM BOARD ASSEMBLIES 1. Typical interior partitions: metal stud framing with 5/8” gypsum board both sides, penetrate ceiling and brace to structure. a. Level 5 finish at all public areas and ceilings. b. Sound attenuation batts typical at core partitions and conference rooms; sound attenuated partitions extend to deck B. GYPSUM BOARD SHAFT-WALL ASSEMBLIES 1. Provide 2 hr rated shaft walls at all stair shafts, elevator shafts and utility shafts. In the central core. All wall systems to be UL listed or code approved tested system. ©. NON-STRUCTURAL METAL FRAMING 1. Light gage framing typical at interior partitions. D. TILING 1. Porcelain floor, wall, and base tile- typical in toilet rooms. (reference finish schedule for locations). Floor prep and leveling as required. Page 16 of 21Costa Del Este I Office Tower Panama City, Panama 19 August 14, 2008 Basis of Design 2. Stone floor tile- typical in main ground floor lobby. (reference finish schedule for locations). Floor prep and leveling as required. ACOUSTICAL PANEL CEILINGS 1. Medium textured fine fissured 24°x24” (60omx60cm) square lay-in. Exposed tee suspension system. Color to be white a Washable tile: 2x4 vinyl-faced gypsum panels and heavy duty grid. RESILIENT BASE AND ACCESSORIES 1. Reference finish schedule for locations, RESILIENT SHEET FLOORING (VCT) 1. Reference finish schedule for locations. TILE CARPETING 1 Reference finish schedule for locations. DIVISION 10 - SPECIALTIES A. VISUAL DISPLAY SURFACES 1. Provide white board wall covering (wall-talkers) at head wall in conference rooms. White board to have continuous wood presentation rails at base. SIGNAGE 1. Interior signage at all rooms, Elevator lobbies, and ADA-compliant locations. 2. Parking structure identification signage throughout parking garage. 3. Illuminated monumental exterior sign on south face of penthouse exterior wall (reference drawings for location). 4, Illuminated vertical “blade” signage on south face TOILET COMPARTMENTS 1. Phenolic resin panels, ceiling hung 2. Wall hung urinal screens. TOILET ACCESSORIES 1. Toilet Accessories: Bobrick or equal, 304 stainless steel, recessed. Page 17 of 21Costa Del Este I August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama 2, Showers to be prefabricated fiberglass ur curtains. with rods and E. _ FIRE EXTINGUISHER CABINETS 1. Recessed fire extinguisher cabinets throughout. F. WOOD LOCKERS 1. Wood lockers w/ integral wood bench at Locker Room 4.40 DIVISION 11 - EQUIPMENT A. PROJECTION SCREENS 1, Projection screens; motorized. Locate at all training and large/ medium conference rooms. B. LOADING DOCK EQUIPMENT 1. Loading dock: (2) Dock Levelers, dock bumpers, and seals. C. PARKING GARAGE EQUIPMENT 1. Ticket booth and gate at each entry and exit points. 1.11 DIVISION 12 FURNISHINGS ‘A. ROLLER WINDOW SHADES 1. Horizontal roller shades at all exterior glazing in conference rooms. Tie motors with individual controls per elevation. B. ENTRANCE FLOOR MATS AND FRAMES 1. Entrance Floor Mats and Frames: Recessed type, stainless steel grid insert. C. FIXED AUDIENCE SEATING 1. Provide tiered seating in Large Training Room with fixed work surface tables- loose seating. D. SITE FURNISHINGS 4 Provide security booths at parking garage entry locations. 2. Trash receptacles and planters around ground floor on south elevation and on terrace level. 4, Outdoor furniture on terrace level Page 18 of 21Costa Del Este Il Office Tower Panama City, Panama 4.42 1.13 August 14, 2008 Basis of Design 3. Decorative steel and concrete bollars at main entrance. DIVISION 14 - CONVEYING EQUIPMENT A. ELECTRIC TRACTION ELEVATORS 1. Six passenger elevators: gearless traction elevators with 22 stops including: 7 stops at parking and 15 stops at office/ Amenity floors. Basis of design Otis, model HVS-4080. Reference appendix for more information and preliminary elevator study. a. Capacity: 1800 Kg b. Speed: 4.06 mis (800 fpm) c. System to include "Destination Entry” technology 2. One Service Elevator: gearless traction elevator, with 22 stops (same as passenger elevator). Basis of design Otis a. Capacity: 5,000 Ib, b. Speed: 350 FPM B. CAB FINISHES 1. Cabs to be 9'-0" high (interior) with stainless steel finish on exterior (lobby) side of cab. Interior of cab to have custom metal! stone panes. Ceiling to be stainless steel panels with cove lighting DIVISION 33 - UTILITIES A. SUBDRAINAGE 1 Foundation drainage system as required. Refer to Soils Analysis for information. Page 19 of 21Costa Del Este II Office Tower Panama City, Panama ‘August 14, 2008 Basis of Design EXTERIOR SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS Exterior Wall Systems System 1: ‘System 2: System 3: System 4: System 5: System 6: Typical at office floors: Aluminum framed unitized window wall ‘system anchored to concrete slab edge (system similar to previous development). Window system to include: * igh performance tinted insulated glazing between office loors. Insulated tinted spandrel glazing at ceiling plenum. Glazed in insulated aluminum composite metal panels (ACMP) similar to existing development. * Horizontal and vertical profile mullion cap’s ‘* Butt glazed vertical joints and corners. Typical at parking deck: Cast-in-place concrete frame and deck parking structure with 42° (1 meter) high precast panels at perimeter anchored to conerete frame Typical at Penthouse enclosure: Structural metal stud framing with batt insulation, exterior sheathing, air barrier, and ACMP panel cladding, Interior finish to have %4' treated plywood sheathing for durability Typical at southwest corner of tower office floors: Similar to system. 1 (all glass system- no ACM panels). Aluminum framed unitized window wall system anchored to concrete slab edge (system similar to previous development). Window system to include: ‘* High performance tinted insulated glazing between office floors. ‘+ Insulated tinted spandrel glazing at ceiling plenum. Horizontal and vertical profile mullion cap’s © Butt glazed vertical joints and corners. Portions of South, East, West parking deck: Perforated aluminum panels attached to aluminum frame anchored to concrete frame of parking deck. Typical at base retail: Typical at southwest comer of tower office floors: Aluminum framed unitized window wall system anchored to concrete slab edge. Window system to include: © Clear high performance insulated glazing full height of opening Horizontal and vertical profile mullion cap’s Butt glazed vertical joints and corners. Wrap columns between window system with ACMP. Page 20 of 21Costa Del Este I! August 14, 2008 Office Tower Basis of Design Panama City, Panama Exterior Feature Elements (Refer to Elevation Drawings) Item A: South Elevation Monumental Sign, multiple colors, internally illuminated, wi colored acrylic facing. Installation to be coordinated with building structure and exterior wall construction. Item 8: South Elevation Canopy: Metal framing, exterior sheathing and ACMP cladding. Provide stainless steel box letter sign, post mounted from canopy surface, installation to be integrated into canopy design. Provide exterior architecture lighting at sign Item C: Decorative metal railing system at perimeter of terrace on Amenity/ Office floor. Item D: Metal framed, ACM clad curved exterior column wraps Item E: Architectural style louvers as required on face of tower Page 21 of 21supped HLL nS LLL LL meee, cos RATA ddd an eres 83 "Bo ¥is09 s9srows renera ners» 1.0: ¥ 0-08 | 22ann one| aT Se TTT TTT tht LLL LL PLL har PTT itt tt) ee, seoeds y9z : Bupwed ORO 7 GE GE Do 5 Se OG He 5 OO OOO ONO7 TTT TTT t 1 sooeds GLE : BupHed SHO =" OO OO O™ f F J 2a N SuTL 4 PTTTTT TTT TTT L i H aH | ALLL ULLLLL Ha ATTA TA sooeds gez : Buried ELLE EL Der G MOF G HOTS ae oo wa Ge OG PETG | onOOO OFS FOF SF OF OF OF OF O oOWS eg'9g0'e~ iS ogo'6e EN ° o oF STSHS SFG FGFS TO oO aemw sumedBE Ws 2s'L9p'2 ~ 4S Z6v'9z39N| o6 oO ° on Ora On TO oO eo o oO ® ° ° oo aos Le eB fl manele cries a aedey Wb a, ee eee panneSECTION 15300 - FIRE PROTECTION PART 1 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 1.1 WATER SUPPLY A. Source 1. Type - Private 75,000 gallon fire water storage tank B. Building Fire Service 1. Quantity - One 2. Size-Binch 3. Backflow Prevention - Double Check Valve Assembly C. Fire Department inlet Connections 1. Quantity - Two 4.2. CENTRIFUGAL FIRE PUMP A. General ~ Due to concerns with the reliability of the water supply on-site water storage will be required. A fire pump will be required to boost the incoming water pressure B. High Pressure System - To meet the design criteria of the top most floors, the system will utilize a main distribution system operating at pressures above 175 psi. On the lower levels where standpipe pressure exceeds 175 psi, sprinkler system and fire department valve pressure will be lowered via direct acting pressure regulating valves. Cc. Pump 1. Quantity - One 2. Type Vertical Turbine 3. Capacity - 1,000 gpm D. Drive 1. Type - Electric (optional diesel engine) E. Controller 1. Type - Reduced voltage solid state with integral Automatic Transfer Switch 2. Emergency Power Source ~Generator 1.3. STANDPIPE SYSTEM A. General - Due to the height, area, andior occupancy of the proposed structure, a standpipe system is required to facilitate manual fire suppression. The standpipe system will be combination type, serving as both a source of water for manual fire suppression activities as well as supply the building sprinkler systems. B. Fire Department Outlet type to comply with local fire brigade standards. COSTA DEL ESTE Il 8/13/08 1530-1 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 FIRE PROTECTION BASIS OF DESIGNOutlet Locations 1. Intermediate landings of egress stairs 2. Both sides of horizontal e 3. Egress/entry points of entrance/exit corridors D. High Pressure System - Fire department outlots shall be direct acting pressure regulating type on levels where pressure exceeds 175 psi 1.4 SPRINKLER SYSTEM ‘A. General - The proposed office tower must be sprinklered throughout in accordance NFPA 13. The sprinkler system will be fed by the combination standpipe system, with a floor control valve assembly at each interconnection point. 8. Floor control valve assemblies shall include a supervised control valve, pressure gauge, flow switch, inspectors test station and check valve (where interconnecting standpipes). ©. High Pressure System - Floor control valve assemblies shall include a direct acting pressure regulating valve on levels where pressure exceeds 175 ps D. Areas where wet automatic sprinklers will be provided throughout including, but not limited to: 4. Electric closets 2. Electric rooms 3. Telidata roomsiciosets 4, Entry vestibules 5. Concealed combustible spaces 6. Data CentersiServer Room(s) - Optional. 7. Elevator machine rooms 8. Hydraulic elevator pit E. Areas where sprinkler protection will be omitted as allowed by applicable codes and standards 1. Property rated noncombustible mechanical shafts 2. Noncombustible elevator hoistways 3. Properly rated main electrical switch-gear room(s) 4. Open parking structure. 15 SPECIAL SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS ‘A. Preaction Sprinkler Syster(s) 1. In order to minimize the likelihood of water damage preaction sprinkler system(s) shall be provided in the following locations: a. Optional provisions for Data Centers/Server Rooms. B. Low Expansion Foam/Water Extinguishing System 1. In order effectively control a flammable/combustible liquid fire a low expansion foam/water extinguishing system shall be provided in the following location: a. Fueloil storage vault b. Propane storage COSTA DEL ESTE II 08/13/08 153002 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 FIRE PROTECTION BASIS OF DESIGNPART 2 - DESIGN CRITERIA 24 CODES AND STANDARDS ‘A. International Building code, 2006 Edition 8. Applicable Design Standards . 6 % National Fire Protection Association (NFPA )13 - Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2002 edition NFPA 14 - Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2003 edition NFPA 20 - Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps, 1999 edition NFPA 24 - Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and thelr Appurtenances, 2002 edition NFPA 69 Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, 2008 Edition. NFPA 11 - Low, Medium, and High Expansion Foam, 2002 edition NFPA 2001 - Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2004 edition 2.2 STANDPIPE SYSTEM 7 A. Most remote hase outlet - 1,250 gpm @ 100 psi 2.3 SPRINKLER SYSTEM BASIS OF DESIGN ‘A. Design criteria to be approved by Insurance Underwriter. 1. Office Space a. Light hazard b. 0.10 gpmisf over most remote 1,500 sf with 250 gpm hose stream allowance. = 2 Mechanical Rooms a Ordinary Hazard Group | b. 0.15 gpmist over most remote 1,500 sf with 250 gpm hose stream allowance 3, Restaurant Seating Areas a LightHazard = b. 0.10 gpmisf over most remote 1,500 sf with 250 gpm hose stream allowance 4. Commercial Kitchens a. Ordinary Hazard Group | b. 0.15 gomisf over most remote 1,500 sf with 250 gpm hose stream allowance 5. Retail a. Ordinary Hazard Group I i COSTA DEL ESTE II 08/13/08 1930-3 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 FIRE PROTECTIONb. 0.20 gpmisf over most remote 1,500 sf with 250 gpm hose stream allowance 6. Loading Docks (without rack storage) a. Miscellaneous Storage NFPA 13 12.1.10 b. 0.20 gpmisf over most remote 500 with 250 gpm hose stream allowance ©. Based on paletized storage of Class IV commodity up to 12 ftin height 4. Plastic quantity not o exceed 15% by weight or 25% by volume 7. Miscellaneous Storage Areas a Miscellaneous Storage NEPA 13 12.1.10 b. 0.20 gpmisf over most remote 1,500 sf with 500 gpm hose stream allowance ©. Based upon palletized, bin box, and shelving storage of Class IV commodity up to 12 fin height 4. Plastic quantity not to exceed 15% by weight or 25% by volume 8. Rack Storage Areas a. None END OF SECTION H:\24764,00\D0C\SYSDES\08-13-08\15300_FIRE PRO.DOC COSTADELESTE I 0813/08, 1530-4 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 FIRE PROTECTION BASIS OF DESIGN‘TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION. 1.1. SITE UTILITY DISTRIBUTION. 1.2 BUILDING SYSTEMS wn PART 2 - DESIGN CRITERIA. 2.4 CODES AND STANDARDS. 22 DESIGN CRITERIA... COSTA DEL ESTE II 08/13/08 15400-1 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 PLUMBING BASIS OF DESIGNSECTION 15400 - PLUMBING PART 1 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 4.1 SITE UTILITY DISTRIBUTION ‘A. The site city piping systems for potable water, sanitary sewer, and storm sewer will be extended into the building B. Potable water for the building will be suppliod from a 6-inch main from the municipal supply. This supply will go to a 67,000 gallon storage tank at ground level. The supply to the building will be metered in accordance with local regulations. ©. The sanitary sewer from the new building will drain by gravity to the site city sanitary network. D. _The storm water from the new building will drain by gravity to the site city storm drainage network. 1.2 BUILDING SYSTEMS A. General 1. The building may contain components and systems to qualify for @ LEED rating but primarily to increase the energy efficiency of the facility. Plumbing systems shall be designed and to this sensitivity. In addition to standard water conserving measures, (low flow fixtures, sensor flush valves, metering or sensor faucets and showers, elc), reclaim and harvest systems for reuse are part of this project. Potable Cold Water Systems 1. A potable water storage tank will be utilized to provide one full days worth of potable water for the building. This tank Is proposed to be a sectionalized concrete vault. The concept is to allow fresh incoming water into the tank as the building's demand draws water out. As the water is drawn out ofthe tanks, it will be fitered and chlorinated to maintain water quality. After this treatment process, the water will then be pumped to the building's distribution system via a booster system consisting of 10 hp variable speed pumps. 2. Potable water piping will be sized to maintain a minimum pressure of 30 psig at the furthest flush valve and at the hydraulically most remote equipment requiring these pressures for operation. Provisions will be made to reduce any water hammer with water hammer arresters. All branches off the domestic cold water distribution main providing service to mechanical equipment will be equipped with backflow preventers 3. The domestic potable water system after the storage and treatment will be Pumped to an express cold water distribution riser. This pressurized riser will have a total of (3) pressure zones: a. Pressure Zone 1 will be distributed at the ground floor with separate distribution riser and pressure reducing valve. It will serve the ground floor up to Parking Level G, COSTA DEL ESTE I! 08/13/08, 15400-1 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 PLUMBING. BASIS OF DESIGNb. Pressure Zone 2 will be distributed with separate distribution piping, at amenityloffice level. Celling to the pipe shafts and wet stack columns ©. Pressure Zone 3 will be distributed at Level 15 up to the Penthouse, ‘As an allemative Option A separate flushing water express riser will be distributed up through the core toilet chases. This flushing water is reclaimed rainwater and will serve to tollets and urinals. It will be zoned similar to the domestic potable water system (3 Pressure Zones). Potable water piping will be distributed at Level 7 amenitylotfice level to the pipe shafts. Piping will rise in the shafts and be cistributed horizontally at the ceiling of each flor. Potable cold water will be supplied to water closets, lavatories, urinals, showers, electric water coolers, mop receptors, sinks and domestic use equipment Potable water connections will be provided in the retail space & at the office tower levels. These connections will consist of a valve & cap for future use. ©. Potable Hot Water System 1 1 Potable hot water will be supplied to countertop sinks, lavatories, showers, mop receptors, hand sinks, sinks and other specific equipment where required at 120°F. Hot water will be generated and stored at 130°F by means of electric, point of use. 120°F hot water will be delivered to the building plumbing fostures, kitchen hand sinks and other fixtures requiring this service. Any equipment requiring temperatures greater than 140° F to operate will be specified with buit- in booster heaters. Point of use water heaters, 6 gallon and less will be placed in ceiling above the fixture in which they serve.’ Its the intent of this design to have (2) water heater to serve multiple fixtures on one floor. ‘Storm Drainage System ‘Storm water drainage system will be provided to convey storm water from roof drains, area drains and all clean waste to the site storm sewer system. Clean waste will be defined as cooling coil condensate drainage and heating and cooling system drainage. Rainwater leaders will run at the top floor to pipe chases and will be piped separately from other interior waste systems. Where possible, all storm water will be collected into a gravity main which will exit the building and connect to the site storm sewer system, As an alternative, the building's storm drain can be collected, stored and treated to be re-used for irrigation, cooling tower make-up and flushing water (non- potable water supply to toilats and lavatories). E. Sanitary Waste System COSTA DEL ESTE I! OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN 08/19/08 19400-2 24764.00 PLUMBING.1. Central interior waste collection systems will be provided. A hard piped sanitary waste and vent riser system will service plumbing fixtures in tollet rooms, hand sinks, mop receptors, sinks, and floor drains in toilet rooms, mechanical ‘equipment rooms. 2, All sanitary drainage, waste and vent piping will be located elther below floor slabs, above ceilings, in pipe chases, or in wall cavities as required. Complete accessibility will be available to all cleanouts in the piping system. 3. Where possible, all sanitary waste will be collected into a gravity main which will exit the building and connect to the site sanitary sewer system. Building portions that can not drain to the site sewer system by gravity will drain to a sewage ‘ejector equipped with duplex pumps, each sized at 100% of capacity. Pumps will be connected to the building emergency or standby power system. 4. Sanitary capped connections will be provided at every other column in the office tower for future tenant fi-out F. Sustainable Design 4. In order to address the impact of construction projects on the environment, sustainable design alternatives must be examined. The design of all plumbing and process systems shall consider sustainability as outlined in all applicable codes and standards established for the project, Including local building codes and health department codes. 2. Water Conservation at Plumbing Fixtures a. Plumbing Fixtures 1) In accordance with the Energy Policy Act of 1992, plumbing fixtures shall be installed using the following maximum volumes of water: Water closets 7.5 gallons per flush Urinals 7.0 gallons per flush Kitchen sinks 2.5 gallons per minute Lavatory sinks 2.5 gallons per minute. ‘Showerheads, 25 gallons per minute 2) Fixtures are available on the markets that require less water. The following shall be investigated for appropriateness and applicability Dual flush water closets (0.8 & 1.6 gallons per flush Kitchen Sinks 1.5 gallons per minuto, Lavatory sinks 0.5-1.5 gallons per minute. ‘Showerheads 1.5-2.0 gallons per minute b. — Water-eficient equipment 4) Evaluate water treatment methods to eliminate the volumes of mechanical make-up and blow-down water. 3. Energy Conservation COSTA DEL ESTE Il 08/13/08 1540-3, OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 PLUMBING BASIS OF DESIGN4, a. Optimize Energy Performance: Plumbing equipment contributes to overall energy use. The following methods may contribute to energy conservation 1) Reduce operating water pressures. 2) Install high efficiency motors, pumps, and water heaters 3) Design energy-conserving distribution systems The following could be incorporated as part of the building sustainable systems: a. Harvest water from clean roof drainage and areaway drains. Combine this stream with condensate from the air handling units. Collec, filter and re-pressurize this stream. Route to the landscape irigation, toilet flushing systems, and cooling tower make-up. G. Proposed Rainwater Harvest System 1 ‘The proposed rainwater harvest and reuse system shall collect HVAC clear condensate and precipitation from the building roof areas. The system will consist of separate collection, treatment, and distribution components. Rain water will be transported from the roof of the office areas with the use of the building storm water systems. A rain washer may be installed on each one of the downspout drains to divert the initial rainwater flow from the roof to grade, thus reducing the amount of contaminants in the primary storage tank. In lieu of individual downspout rainwashers a vortex separator may be install before the water enters the storage tank Rainwater shall be stored in a concrete vault or other sultable storage tank at or below the ground level. Rainwater shall be transferred from the underground storage tank to a treatment system to be located in the building. If the water in the storage tank can not reach the treatment system by gravity, then a pump may be ullized to transfer water from the primary holding tank toa smaller tank in the treatment area. The next step is pressurization and treatment, Stored water with the use of a booster system passes through a set of 50 micron filters and is distributed to: a, Tollet areas (water closets and urinals) b. Cooling toner. ©. Irigation. Water willbe disinfected with the use of UV chlorine. City water (domestic or non-potable supply) shall serve as back-up in the case of insufficient rainwater or condensate supply. H. Plumbing Fixtures and Specialties COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN Water Closet - Vitreous china, commercial quality 1.6 gallons per flush water saver, wall hung {floor mounted] siphon jet type with dual flush manual fush valve 8/13/08 1540-4 24764.00 PLUMBING2. Water Closet - 0.8/1.6 gpf dual flush, commercial quality wall hung siphon jet - type with remote storage tank. 3. Urinals - 1.0 gpf water-saver, commercial quality wall-hung washout type with ‘manual or battery operated flush valves. 4, Lavatories, Vitreous China, Cast Iron, Commercial Quality, countertop or wall hung type units, with restricted flow manual or battery operated sensor faucets, 5. Service Sinks - Wall-hung, enameled cast iron or stainless steel with hose-end type faucet, complete with vacuum breakers, 6. Mop Receptors — stainless steel with hose-end type faucet, complete with vacuum breaker and sand trap. 7. Showers - Will be specified with restricted flow shower heads, thermostatic balanced pressure type mixing valves, and drains. 8. Drinking Fountains - Stainless steel wall-hung electric water cooler. 9. Water Hammer Arresters - Will be provided to absorb hydrostatic shock pressure generated by flush valves and other quick closing equipment valves 10. Backflow Preventers - Reduced pressure zone, brass construction will be provided as required, 14. Vacuum Breakers - Will be provided on all service sinks and mop receptors to prevent back siphonage of contaminated water into the domestic water system. 12, Trap Primers - Automatic drain trap primers will be installed in mechanical rooms and low maintenance areas. PART 2- DESIGN CRITERIA 24 CODES AND STANDARDS ‘A. The design of all Plumbing and Process systems must comply with the applicable codes - and standards established for the project, Including local bullding codes, health department codes, as well as owner-designated standards and sust B. Plumbing Code: international Plumbing Code 2006 Edition ©. Building Code: International Building Code D. Local Requirements: 4. Department of Public Health (If applicable) E. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA A. Site Utlities COSTA DEL ESTE II 08/13/08 15400-5, OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 PLUMBING BASIS OF DESIGNCOSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN Water Service: ‘The site water system shall be designed in accordance with the following criteria: a. Maximum velocity shall be 5 feet per second, b. Maximum pressure drop due to friction shall be 1psi/100 feet. ing shall be in accordance with Hazen Williams formula, 1) Copper: 130 2) Ductileiron: 140 d. Thrust blocks to control thrust forces created in a pipeline. e. Test system at a hydrostatic pressure of 150 pounds per square inch for ‘one hour. 1 Disinfection of the piping shall comply with AWWA Standard C601, Disinfection of Water Mains, of latest revision. 9. Flushing shall be at a sufficient rate to produce a minimum velocity of 2.5 feet per second in the main. h. Chlorine for disinfection shall be applied and maintained at a minimum of 50 mg/l available chlorine. Sanitary Waste: Pipes shall be sufficient sized to handle the total design flow from the proposed building including the future addition. The site sanitary systems shall be designed in accordance with the following criteria: Minimum velocity of 2 feet per second b. Maximum velocity of 10 feet per second. © ‘Main sewers and branches shall be designed wit secs owing 278 ful 4. The minimum allowed pipe size is 8" inside diameter. ©. Manholes shall not be placed more than 400 feet apart. f. Install manholes at junction of lines, changes in direction and horizontal alignment. 9. Test system in accordance with local requirements. Storm Drainage: Pipes shall be sufficient sized to handle the total design flow from the current building and paved areas including the future building addition. The site storm water systems shall be designed in accordance with the following criteria: a. Minimum velocity of 3 feet per second b. Maximum velocity of 14 feet per second, 08/13/08 15400-6 24764.00 PLUMBINGMinimum pipe size shall be 12" inside diameter. d. _ Manholes shail not be placed more than 400 feet apart €. _Install manholes at junction of lines, changes in direction and horizontal alignment. f Debris and sediment basins. 9. Test system in accordance with local requirements, 8B. Building Systems 4 COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN Storm Drainage System: Storm water will be designed in accordance with the following criteria: a Primary Storm Water System 4) Intensity: (TBD) inches/hour 2) Duration: 60 minutes 3) Return Period: 50 years 4) Velocity: 3 {sec minimum ‘Secondary Storm Water System 1) Intensity: (TBD) inches/hour 2) Duration: 15 minutes 3) Return Period: 50 years 4) Velocity 3 tlisec minimum, Domestic Cold Water: Domestic cold water will be designed in accordance with the following criteria: a 4 Min, Design Pressure: 30 psi residual pressure at top remote flush valve Max, Design Pressure: 80 psi residual pressure to any plumbing fixture Fluid Velocity 5-1 feet per second Pressure Loss: 2-4 psi per 100 ft due to friction Design Flow: 250 gpm at building entrance Domestic Hot Water a Domestic hot water will be designed in accordance with the following criteria: Min. Design Pressure: 30 psi residual pressure at top most remote faucet Max. Design Pressure; 80 psi residual pressure to any plumbing fixture Fluid Velocity 5-7 feet per second 08/13/08 1540-7, 24764.00 PLUMBING:© Pressure Loss: 2-4 psi per 100 ft due to friction Temperature: 120°F at each fixture or piece of equipment END OF SECTION H:24764.00\D0C\SYSDES\08-13-08\15400_PLUMBING.DOC. COSTA DEL ESTE It 08/13/08 15400-8 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 PLUMBING. BASIS OF DESIGNvanperweil!PART 1 - SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION... 1 13 * 1 1 1 1 1 1s 1 ie 1 PART 2 - DESIGN CRITERIA. 25 CUMATE sia roast 3 SPACE CONDITIONS 4 QUTDOOR AIR VENTILATION RATES oncom 2.5 DESIGN OCCUPANCY 13 2.6 LIGHTING AND EQUIPMENT LOADS... TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 HVAC SYSTEM 2 CENTRAL CHILLER PLANT...... 3 OFFICE AIR SIDE SYSTEMS 4 AMENITY CONFERENCE LEVEL... 5 6 RETAIL TENANTS, a TENANT RESTAURANTS (IF REQUIRED). 7 ENTRANCE LOBBIES....... 8 SMOKE CONTROL. 9 1 STAIRWELL AND SMOKE-PROOF ENCLOSURE PRESSURIZATION......- 10. ELEVATOR HOISTWAYS AND MACHINES ROOMS. 11 CONDENSATE WASTE AND CONTROL... i 42 AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM 1. CODES AND STANDARDS... 2.7 MECHANICAL EXHAUST VENTILATION... scronswsonsnosnansnnsananecnan sacl 2.8 NOISE CONTROL... Bee P eee 29 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS... pee eee eee ett, 2.10 ESTIMATED BUILDING LOADS..... COSTA DEL ESTE II 08/13/08 15600-1 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00, HVAC BASIS OF DESIGNSECTION 15600 - HVAC PART 1 - SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION 1.1 HVAC SYSTEM A General 15 ‘The building will consist of approximately 1,100,000 gross square feet and will be conditioned via air handling units or fan-coll systems. The space allocation is estimated to be as follows: a. General Office space: 446,950,300 square feet b, Amenity Conference Center: 41,150 square feet ©. Retail: 13,300 square feet 4. Restaurantikitchen: 7,500 square fet @. Lobby: 5,700 square feet 1. Open Air Parking: 650,000 square feet B. Work shall include, but not be limited to the following: 1. General Central chilled water cooling pant including chillers, controls, pumps, COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN piping, refrigerant purge system, water treatment, etc. b. Condenser water system to serve the chiller plant including outdoor open cell type cooling towers, controls, piping, pumps, filtration, water treatment, etc. c. Complete air distribution system including muttiple indoor central station air handling units with pre and final fiters, chilled water cooling coils, supply and return fans (with VFD's), and airside economizer sections (where feasible). Air will be distributed via medium and low pressure ductwork, variable air volume boxes, flow measuring stations, diffusers, registers, grilles, dampers, sound attenuators, etc. d. _Acomplete return air system including low pressure ductwork, dampers, registers, grilles, etc. Return air systems to be a combination of plenum return andlor direct ducted return. fe. Tollet and general exhaust systems including exhaust fans, ductwork, and exhaust grilles. f. "Shower and locker area exhaust systems including exhaust fans, stainless steel or aluminum ductwork and grilles. 08/13/08 1600-4 24764.00 HVACx ‘Dishwasher unit hood exhaust systems, including exhaust fans and stainless steel ductwork. Carbon Monoxide detection and exhaust systems will be employed as required in the loading dock areas and enclosed sections of the Parking garage structure, “Grease duct exhaust systems for kitchen hoods including black iron welded ductwork, access doors and high temperature insulation (fire rated chases by others), ‘Sound attenuators (supply and return). Complete automatic DDC temperature contro! system with all required appurtenances. Airflow, air velocty, and water flow stations. Insulation for duct and equipment. Motors, integral starters and variable frequency drives Vibration isolation for al vibrating and rotating equipment Equipment bases, supports and roof curbs. Duct and equipment identification. Sloaves, inserts, hangers and miscellaneous suppor steel. Hoisting and rigging requited to complete the HVAC work. Cleaning Complete air balancing System by system start-up, Commis ing. Instruction manuals, start-up instructions and on-site training. 4.2. CENTRAL CHILLER PLANT A General 1, The 1800 ton Chilled Water Plant shall consist of central water cooled centrifugal chillers, variable primary chilled water distribution system, remote mounted induced draft cooling towers, condenser water istbution pumps, chemical treatment and controls. * ifrequired based on final program. COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN 08/13/08 15600-2, 24764.00, HVACThe building load profile has been calculated through an approved ASHRAE thermal load calculation program using space criteria assumptions within this feport. The chillers and corresponding systems have been sized to match the block load and configured to operate in a highly efficient manner under part load conditions, The design team is reviewing two constructabilty options for the chiller plant: a. Central stick built chiller plant located within the ground level or roof penthouse and remote mounted cooling towers on the roof of the tower. b. _Pre-manufacture chiller plant constructed and tested offsite, This option can be applied to both the roof mounted location and indoor ground level. The chiller plant is constructed at the factory and tested complete with all chillers, piping, electrical and controls. This option provides a means of a single source, possible first cost saving (must be reviewed) land provides a means of reducing the schedule. Cooling towers can also bbe purchased and shipped by this manufacture. B. Condenser Water System 1 Three (600 ton nominalitower) open circuit cooling towers will be located on the tower roof with each cooling tower fan being provided with a dedicated variable frequency drive. ‘The condenser water pumps sized to match the chiller capacity. An additional pump shall be utilized as a stand-by. These pumps, which are located within the central plant, will be constant speed, horizontal split case pumps that circulate ‘condenser water through a single piping system. The condenser water system shall be designed for a 10'F temperature difference between supply and return (86°F CWS and 96°F CWR). An option for designing the condenser water system for a 14°F temperature difference between supply and return (86°F CWS and 100'F CWR) is being studied at the present time. If this design proves to provide the owner with a financial benefit a system change will be discussed with the owner. C. Chilled Water System a COSTA DEL ESTE Il OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN The building complex under the current plan will be provided chilled water through a central cooling plant. The building load profile has been calculated to allow the central chiller plant capacity to be selected based on the block oad, the part load conditions still requires further evaluation based on the building program and first cost analysis. The calculated capacity of the chiller plant is 4,600 Tons, The equipment will be selected based on @ modular concept to provide built in back-up capacity with minimum cost increase, the chillers will be selected where by if one chiller fails there will be 75% online at any time. The resultant chiller selections: Three at 600 tons with a total of 1,800 tons capacity. Chilled water will be distributed via a main vertical piping loop. The system will be arranged as a variable primary piping distribution system. ‘The variable primary piping system will contain four chilled water pumps and a common piping header. Each of the pumps will be provided with 08/13/08 15600-3, 24764.00 HVACdedicated variable frequency drives to control the speed of the respective motors. These pumps shall serve as the means to convey chilled water through the chillers and to the individual floor levels of the building. b. Chilled water pumps will be variable speed and will circulate water through the piping distribution system to the loads. Differential pressure sensors in the chilled water supply lines will control the variable speed Pumps to maintain required flow and pressure through the EMS. 1) The pumps shall be set up for leadlag/standby operation thus providing the system with equipment redundancy in the event of ‘pump failure or scheduled maintenance. 2) The chilled water cooling system will be designed for a 16° F temperature difference between the supply and retum (42° F CHWS and 58° F CHWR) to reduce pipe and pump sizes and Pump HP requirements. ©. The chilled water distribution system will incorporate an automatic bypass to control the minimum flow rate to the chillers under low load conditions; this shall consist of flow measuring station and automatic bypass valve assembly controlled through the DDC system, One of the 3 chillers shall be equipped with variable frequency drive as an energy savings control strategy and high performance low load conditions during off hours. A further review will look at incorporating two chillers with VED, if this design concept proves to the owner a financial benefit a system change will be discussed with the owner. a. The building located within a year round warm climate which requires unoccupied periods of cooling throughout the year and 24/7 cooling for the AV, Teldata, Server rooms, and critical designated zones. The design team will be conducting an analysis based on unoccupied hours and the 24/7 designated areas to determine the correct application of variable frequency drives on the chillers. The use of variable frequency drives will provide high efficient part loading and allow reduced chiller capacities down to 10-15% of the specific chillers. 1.3 OFFICE AIR SIDE SYSTEMS A. General System Configuration 1 COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN Central energy recovery units shall be located on the roof and parking levels to provide pre-conditioned air to vertical shaft risers to provide 100% outside air to the designated floor levels. The individual floors shall be provided with VAV box off the vertical risers sized to maintain code required ventilation rate based on the ‘space occupancy, an additional tap off and capped connection will be provided for additional requirements for high density/populated areas (conference rooms, training, etc). The general exhaust air from the floors shall be exhausted through EV boxes (variable volume exhaust vaives) and collected at a common vertical shaft ducted back to the central energy recovery units. Additionally the central toilet exhaust riser will connect to the energy recovery unit after the last general exhaust take-off near the unit intake exhaust header. Both exhaust streams provide a source of free energy to be reclaimed (estimated 60%) at the energy 08/13/08 1600-4 24764,00 HVACrecovery units, where 60% of the exhaust air energy can be transferred fo the incoming untreated outside air to reduce the total cooling load, 2. Floor level system shall consist of variable volume central air handler units (AHU) located within mechanical rooms on the floor they serve. The size of the floor area shall determine the quantity of the number of air handler units, in general the team will specify one unit per floor on the upper floors and 2 units on the larger floor. 3. The space level low pressure ductwork and terminal layout shall be designed through the tenant ft-out phase of this project. The base building shall provide a medium pressure duct-loop around the floor plate and a central return connection located in the plenum zone. All tap-offs, terminal units and low pressure distribution ductwork wil fall under the tenant fi-out phase. 4, The office levels shall consist of large open office areas, closed offices and conference rooms. The office areas shall be considered a non-smoking environment. B. Central Energy Recovery Units 1. The energy recovery units (ERU) - The units provide 100% pre-conditioned ventilation air and constructed as commercial grade standard double walled units suitable for indoor/outdoor installations. The air handling units will consist of the following components: return air plenum, 30% exhaust air stream fiters, return fan, exhaust section, outside air intake, 30% and 85% filters, total energy whee, face and bypass section, chilled water cooling coil, and supply air fan. 2. ERU’s shall be variable air volume and provided with dedicated variable frequency drives or constant volume drives as indicated in the equipment Schedules. The units shall have bypass around the energy recovery unit for the ‘economizer modeltransfer energy reduction. 3. ERU’s will be selected and provide conditioned 100% outside air to specific floor levels or spaces as defined on the contract drawings. Supply air will be delivered from the units through medium pressure ductwork risers serving multiple floors. ‘The individual floors shall be provided with variable volume boxes (VAV) sized to the code ventilation rato, the vav boxes shall modulate based on the COZ demand control ventilation (DCV) sequencing through the DDC system or a preset occupied rate. 4, ‘The general exhaust air will be collected at the individual floors at the specific flow rate determined through the DDC system based on tracking the supply flow rate, positive space pressure allowance and make-up air to the toilet exhaust fans. The individual take-offs shall be provided with EV boxes to modulate and control the return/exhaust flow from the specific floor or zone. 5. Toilet exhaust shall be collected at the individual floors back to a central vertical riser and connected at the energy recovery unit C. Office Level Air Handler Units 1. The office floor level shall be provided with standard variable volume air handler units, providing cooling and ventilation (ERU system) to meet the specific comfort level based on the defined office criteria within this report. COSTA DEL ESTE Il 08/13/08 15600-5 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 HVAC BASIS OF DESIGNThe design shall provide dedicated floor by floor air handler unit (3) for cooling and ventilation air each identified level. The air handler units will be ducted to the space via medium-pressure ductwork to a common duct loop. The return air shall be through the return plenum into the floor level mechanical room. Duct mounted silencers will be provided on both the supply and return ductwork at the central floor level mechanical room, ‘The air handling units will consist of the following components: exhausUretum fan (duct mounted), outside air intake section, return air section, 30% and 85% filters, chilled water cooling coil, and supply air fan. The units will be sequenced for variable volume air flow and provided with variable frequency drives. ‘All ductwork construction shail be based on SMACNA standards. Ventilation rates shall conform to the IMC 2006 as specified in Part 2. a, The ventilation of the space will depend on the specific process required make-up air and the required ventilation rate for the occupants. The open spaces that are not process driven will be provided with CO2 monitoring and control system. The space population will be monitored by the building automation system through CO2 sensing, which will ‘control the amount of outside air through CO2 demand control ventilation (DCV) sequence. The DCV will monitor the outside and inside COZ levels to maintain a maximum differential of 700 PPM, as the space population rises as sensed by the space mounted CO2 sensors the DCV ‘Sequence will modulate the outside air to maintain the 700 PPM set- point, 1.4 AMENITY CONFERENCE LEVEL ‘A. General system Configuration 1 COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN ‘The space consists of primarily conference centers, assembly areas and general office space. The code designates high occupancy densities and ventilation rates for assembly/conference spaces, based on the building load calculations the outside air percent is over 70%, which requires energy recovery units to serve the level. The code requires constant outdoor ventilation rates during occupied hours, unless a means of determining the population is in place to allow reduced ventilation rates, The application of Demand Contro! Ventilation (DCV) In high ‘occupancy spaces is standard practice and applicable to this floor level/program, ‘which will allow reduced outside air rates and reduced energy consumption. Central varlable volume energy recovery units shall be located on the roof and parking levels to provide conditioned supply air to the spaces through vertical shaft to floor level duct loop. Return/exhaust air shall be collected within the space mounted retum alr plenum to central risers back to the ERU's. Duct ‘mounted silencers shall be provided on both the supply and return to/from the space. The space low pressure ductwork and terminal layout shall be designed through the tenant fitout phase of this project. The base building shall provide a madium pressure duct-loop around the floor plate and a central retuin connection located in the plenum zone. All tap-offs, terminal units and low pressure distribution ductwork will fall under the tenant f-out phase. 08/13/08 15600-6 2476.00, HVACB. Energy Recovery Units COSTA DEL ESTE II OFFICE TOWER BASIS OF DESIGN ‘The variable volume Energy Recovery Units (ERU) - The units shall be designed to provide 100% conditioned air and constructed as commercial grade standard double walled units suitable for indoor/outdoor installations. The air handling nits will consist of the following components: return air plenum, 30% exhaust air stream filters, return fan, return air section, exhaust section, outside air intake, 30% and 85% fiters, total eneray wheel, face and bypass section, chilled water Cooling coll, and supply air fan. ERU's shall be variable air volume and provided with dedicated variable frequency drives. The units shall have bypass around the energy recovery unit for the economizer modeftransfer energy reduction and return air bypass for recirculation air as sequenced through the DDC system. Central ERU's units will be selected to provide both conditioned air and ventilation to the floor level zones. Supply air will be delivered from the units through medium pressure ductwork risers to the floor level duct loop. The tenant shall be provided variable volume boxes (VAV) sized to handle the specific cooling requirement and minimum code ventilation rate. DCV sequencing shall be incorporated into the base building controls system to allow the central units to modulate the amount of outside air and return air to the space. The DCV sequence will be based on monitoring the individual zones within the building and the exterior CO2 levels to maintain no greater than a 700 PPM differential, as the CO2 levels rise the DDC system shall increase the outside air quantity, reverse happens as the CO2 levels decrease. They will require a central CO2 monitoring system for this floor level under the base building, the tenant fit-out criteria will require the engineer to connect back into this central system to provide the correct level of points based on the space configuration. The goneral exhaust air will be collected at the return air plenum, the flow rate shall be based on the differential pressure sensors mounted in the return air plenum, controled and monitored through the DDC system. The sensors shall monitor the differential between the space and the exterior to maintain a positive 0.05 inches W.C. (ad). All ductwork construction shall be based on SMACNA standards. Ventilation rates shall conform to the IMC 2006 as specified in Part 2 a, The ventilation of the space will depend on the specific process required make-up air and the required ventilation rate for the occupants. ‘The conference spaces and open spaces that are not process driven will be provided with CO2 monitoring and control system. The space population will be monitored by the building automation system through ‘C02 sensing, which will control the amount of outside air through CO2 demand control ventilation (DCV) sequence. The DCV will monitor the ‘outside and inside CO2 levels to maintain a maximum differential of 700 PPM, as the space population rises as sensed by the space mounted CO2 sensors the DCV sequence will modulate the outside air to maintain the 700 PPM set-point. 08/13/08 19600-7 24764.00 HVACExhaust Systems 1. Toilet exhaust shall be collected at the individual floors back to a central vertical riser and connected to a roof mounted fan or where possible routed back to the energy recovery units serving the general ofice floors. 2. Printing/Copy rooms shall be individually exhausted where possible 1.5 RETAIL TENANTS A ‘The tenant retail stores shall be provided ventilation air and chilled water supply and return piping connections from the base building systems. The tenant design of the space ‘mounted fan coil units and connection to the base building systems shall conform to base building standards (to be developed). ‘The retail will be provided with 100% energy recovery units, the units provide conditioned ventilation air to the spaces during occupied hours. The tenant shall provide horizontal ceiling hung fan coll units sized to handle the cooling loads of each space. In general the fan coil unit design associated piping and low pressure ductwork distribution for all tenant spaces shall be outside this scope of work. 1. The make-up air handling units will consist of the following components: outside air intake section, 30% and 85% filters, chilled water cooling coil, heat recovery Wheel and supply air fan. Al units shall be constant volume and provided with variable frequency drives. Variable frequency drives provides a manual means of adjusting the air flow rate for balancing purposes and tenant build-out phasing. 2. Allunits shall be conventional commercial grade where feasible or custom units where applicable, modular type units with double walled construction and suitable for indoor mounting and use. All units shall be of a single manufacturer. 3. Exhaust air andior return air will be through either ceiling exhaustiretum air plenum or ducted exhausUretum air system(s) as indicated in the air handing Unit schedule. The base building shall provide valved and capped chilled water, and cooling coil condensate connections for each tenant. The tenant shall furnish and installed chilled water meter for connection to the BMS, pressure independent flow control valve (base building standards), strainer and shut-off vaives. 4.8 TENANT RESTAURANTS (IF REQUIRED) A Each restaurant and cooking kitchen will be provided with its own independent kitchen hood grease exhaust duct system(s) and corresponding make-up air duct sized to meet the requirements of each hood. The kitchen hood exhaust system(s) shall meet all local code requirements. Each kitchen hood exhaust system will consist of a welded 16 gauge steel exhaust duct system, or a UL approved pre-manufactured grease exhaust duct system, enclosed within a 2 hour fre rated enclosure to the point it exits the building. Each tenant shall provide @ UL listed grease exhaust fan and an odor control removal system (Ecology Unit) by Vent Master, LC Systems, Gaylord, or approved equal and corresponding make-up air unit with its respective supply fan rated at 80% of the exhaust flow rate. COSTA DEL ESTE Il 08/13/08 1§600-8 OFFICE TOWER 24764.00 HVAC BASIS OF DESIGNB. Each restaurant and cooking kitchen will be provided with a dedicated dishwasher exhaust duct constructed of 304 stainless steel. The tenant shall be responsible for providing the exhaust fan, C. The restaurant and kitchen will be provided with 100% make-up air units, the unit(s) provide conditioned ventilation air per code and make-up transfer (20%) air for the kitchen hoods. These spaces shall then be provided with horizontal, ceiling hung fan coil units (provided by the tenant) sized to handle the cooling loads of each space, In general the fan coil unit design associated piping and low pressure ductwork distribution for all tenant spaces shall be outside this scope of work. Provisions for non-tenant fan coils and their associatod ductwork and piping cstibutons shall be included within the scope of work 1. The ventilation air and make-up (20%) air handling units will consist of the following components: outside air intake section, 30% and 85% filters, chilled water cooling coil and supply air fan. All units shall be constant volume and Provided with motor starters, 2. Allunits shall be conventional commercial grade where feasible or custom units where applicable, modular type units with 2-inch to 4-inch double walled Construction and suitable for either indoor mounting or outdoor mounting. 3. Supply air will be delivered from the units through low/medium pressure ductwork. to the individual retail restaurant spaces and provided with manual volume damper (lockable).The central units will provide constant volume rate during ‘occupied hours as indicated on the plans and air handling unit schedule.. 4, The base bullding shall terminate the low/medium pressure ductwork within the tenant's space. The tenant shall be responsible for all low pressure ductwork down stream of the base buildings volume damper. 5. General exhaust air and/or return air will be through either celling exhaust/retum. air plenum or ducted exhaustrturn air system(s) as indicated in the air handling Unit schedule, D. The base building shall provide grease exhaust duct and make-up air duct capped within the tenant's space. The tenant is responsible for all ductwork distribution down stream of the base building capped connection. The make-up air system capacities are estimated based on 40% gross restaurant area (ventilation air per code) and kitchen grease exhaust at 3.Scfm/sf., then converting to linear feet of hood at 400cimitt. Chinese restaurants are based on Scim/sf for kitchen area. E. The base building shall provide valved and capped chilled water, and cooling coil ‘condensate connections for each tenant, The tenant shall furnish and installed chilled water meter for connection to the BMS, pressure independent flow control valve (base building standards), strainer and shut-off valves. F. The tenant shall furnish and install a UL listed grease exhaust fan, a greaselodor control removal system, and make-up air supply fan in location designated on the plans. The unconditioned supply make-up air designated for the kitchen hood shall be hard ducted directly to tho hood; this is a bullding standard to limit the effect of temperature and humidity to the general occupied spaces. The tenant is responsible for all yeMsepUEA | 01720 vA ‘uaxs0g = —| IMS NVA = =| ih — ae 5 aa a : mses c me alls er I BS aia a —o - as | ee ee ns aa = aa nes (Sa i B| {= RC | wed) vd eS = ae . : . * Zar Feutiiouo fe eS ‘ewan wINgoN ANCL a i wad] wed] aed] ome] — Vouniowo - es aa a a. nwee | aa zl aoe Toad a mac] S| = ee LESrE : = Z| ee cs - SnaRi ; siecle | , 13 aa cee a ns oe _& elle ae L eee ae ks 7 a“ | , teas qe » a tJS0-4S3, ‘woowemuepuen © ‘O1Tz0 vi uoRsog | sncuny sare votes TRCOLEVLI9 © gr emoudea omnpina DU | ae aes TMAMYGNVA = wege| Oh a ‘zsos aes aon seen pee eres ensemenaroner ed = = 1a MUaGNVA ped Saar men fA ag 8sequin ‘WooTRAUepUEA 01720 Vi ow0g | VE OPLETY LID yeas soUUNS p27 | THLEDLELYLIS : aT siouBua FeMepURA DY | es esate a = — mi = le bg Jas = ie ioe | So aa ee | | 8 Be 3] | 3 3Shes ee awirceny | sag ars = =_—a mL PCED eT Nee: a a! IaMYdaGNVA cea | oaPiows Bate el conn orne en = a A “ SRG | SR a pe ad! oll Codd pacers = * SSeS “ wad a al ] Cai 5 ba 2 ple la ee olsti/iowso a are ‘main wrndon eMC = 4 ca | “ll al & 3 wot) ot! od! aos s}—— SoatPau ae earns ‘ream wrNGON eM = ac] ac “ al ro EJ at pe 0! 49 STrscmmapaiae any ete ile = = L Co oh * wad = “ll Ca ep eft of ll 8 | alSe s9quinn| TALECHLETY'LIS : dT Suouug yanuepuEA Sy ve a! IaMYaGNVA rm #3 83g 88 § Fae ee san ge TL(TYPICAL ELECTRICAL, (FLOORS 7 THRU BASE DESI NOTE: ROOM) 21) GN ALL HOUSE EQUIPMENT IN ELECTRIC ROOM. ALL TENANTS ARE FED AT 480Y/277V, 30, 4W. TENANTS ARE REQUIRED TO PROVIDE THEIR: TRANSFORMER(S) & PANELS WITHIN THEIR OWN FLOOR PLAN SPACE. NO TENANT EQUIPMENT IS ALLOWED IN THE HOUSE ELECTRIC ROOM. 1 a = VANDERWEIL as a pimecmet raanotme eTown = Siar” BBE ae12'=6" (MINIMUM) (TYPICAL ELECTRICAL ROOM FOR AMENITIES FLOORS) (FLOORS 7, 8) 10°=0" (MINIMUM = 16°—0" (MINIMUM) eseeee MM (TYPICAL ELECTRICAL ROOM FOR OFFICE FLOORS) (FLOORS 9 THRU 21) OPTION #1 NOTE: THE LANDLORD PROVIDES A TRANSFORMER AND A 208Y/120V, 30, 4W DISTRIBUTION PANEL. TENANTS PROVIDE THEIR 208Y/120V, 30, 4W BRANCH CIRCUIT PANELS WITHIN THE ELECTRIC ROOM. TENANTS HAVE, ACCESS TO THE ELECTRIC ROOM. aE ee VANDERWEIL: = Fe goer aes [Eee aneARCHITECTUR Code Review: Costa De Este, Panama (Draft, In progress review as of 7/30/08 - Conclusions to follow) Following are CODE REFERENCES to be used: Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, American Concrete Institute ACI 318-02. ‘Specification for the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFO) for Structural Stee! Buildings, ‘American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), ‘Specification for Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Plastic Design for Structural Stee! Buildings, ‘American institute of Steel Construction (AISC), 1 June 1989. ‘Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures ASCE 7-98. Reglamento para el Disefio Estructural en la Repablica de Panamé 2004 Regulations for structural design for the Republic of Panama (REP 2004), Instalaciones Gulas de disefio, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning (ASHRAE), USA International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) standards ‘National Electrical Code Handbook (NEC) 2005 ‘The IESNA Lighting Handbook (Reference and Applications) Uniform Code of Plumbing Design Guide National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards, USA National Fire Alarm Code (NFPA) 72 2002 Reglamento para las Instalaciones Eléctricas (RIE) Proteccién contra Incendios: National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards, USA NFPA 101, NFPA 5000. Accessibility: ICC A117.1: Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities Code Review: (International Building Code 2006) 20 Story Office Tower: P & G Panama 7 stories of which are parking garage Lobby and Retsil; 1225S perfor 215M story Parking Spots + 2000 +1 fe SM tor ms? stories Pac 02 Stperfooe ruSM 2Stories 13000 af cont 412000 ice? = 1000 persone? ee 2681 SM 1 story mice 20051 SM At stories sersM 2 stories Rooftop Penthou 4 toot Building Height 21 sores ot fet = 704k, Cchaptor3: Use and Occupancy Classification Section 302 Classification: Business: Group ‘Storage ©2: Low Hazard: Open Parking Suto Mercantl (Retal) Group M ‘Assombly (Meating Canta?) 1 8/15/2008‘Section 307: 307 Exceptions: From Table 307. Conclusion: Chapter 4: Section 402: Covered Mall Buildings Section 403: High Rise Buildings 403.1 403.2 403.3 403.34 1020.1.7.1 High hazard ecupancy etides, aman oor, the ‘so ofa Buldng or ttre or potion threo, th Iolo. storage of maar that conttte a physics! ‘erheath hazard quontesin excaee of those ‘lowed n contol areas as vequred in Seton 444 Hazardous uses ar latiad in Groupe Hs, 2 3, $4, an Hand eal bei accordance wth ie socton the raquteents of Seton 416 and he Fite contain not more than max alowsbla quantes per onl area of hazardous mate a ebown in Table S07 (1) and 997 1(2) maintained in accordance wit) the Fe code. Bulings ven contre! areas in accordance with Section 414.2 that conta nat ore than ie rain lowabte quanies per corso area of hazardous ‘stole ae shown Taba 907.41} end 307.12) \Woesae and rt sles and storage of farmable ‘and combusts igus n mercantie ecoupacles Conforming othe Fie Code, ‘lose piping sjstom containing fammabe combustible ius or gaeae uted othe oporaon of tmactnery or equipment a(n) ‘Max Mowable Quantity per Convo Area of Hazardous 4000 cu of teil posing as phyla hazré: Flanmable gas. tammable sorage. Lgueld: 30 iu gallons x22 = 120 qu gas storage fgalons. 100% icease fr uly speed and again permited tn {or approved storage conainr. Gaseous 100 1x2 cantl a x2eao00cu Limit storage of hazardous materials such as diesel fuel, iquifedpertleum (Propane) to permissible ‘mounts below thresholds of High Hazard Use. Confirm permitted amount In iternaon Fire Code {foroach material. CONFIRM REQUIRED AMOUNTS OF EACH MATERIAL. ‘Special Detaled Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy Foyers and Lebbies of Group B need not comply wih Not excaedng 3 oor les Not eed comp hy comply wih ther apoicabe provisions of is cade. ‘See ts sect for Reta crass oauemerts, ‘Appleby: Does not apply to Open Parking Snetuesin aocordanca wi Sochon 400-3 [Automatic Sprinter System: Equip wih eutomaio pine yet in ascordares wit GOB.31.1 and a Stcondary mater supply where required by 90352. ‘Exception: Sprnkar jam nt rogue n Open Parking Stuturoin acordance wth 4083. ‘Reduction in Fire Resistance Ratings: alowed wit) Spiker convo vaves eauzped wih superisoy Intatng devices and water ow iain devices for cach tor, ‘Type of Construction: The allowing reductions in ‘minimum construction type alowed in Table 601 ‘hall bs allowed as provied in Section 404.3. 1. For uldings NOT greater than 420 feet, rode fom Type 1Ato Type 18 excop fr resistance angs of mns supporting Neos shall ot ba reducod. THIS |S APPLICABLE AND WE SHOULD BE ABLE TO USE THIS REDUCTION, TABLE 601 inthis document has been accordingly adjusted, 3/15/2008403.11 403.12 403.13, 403.14 Section 404: Atriums Inter than Use Group M, Type 18 constructon shall ‘be alowed fo be reduced 10 Type A Help and Ava imation of reduced cansicton ‘ype shale allowed fo be the same a forte orginal conatntion pe, ‘Shaft enclosures her than elevators and egress sake ‘The spake at abemate sae and tp. ‘Automat ralSmoke detection raquird in ‘ccordance wit 072.121 Emergency vlce alarm communication oystem required ‘Two way fie dept communicaion system roqured Fe command cantar complying with Section 911 shale povided, Elevator operaten snd istalinion ns secorcance with Chapter 30 ‘Stand-by Power systom complying wth Seton 2702 eauied for fokoving oad: Power and igntng for Fe Command Center Eecticalypowared fre pumps. \Wertiaton and atoms fire detection equpment or ‘smckoproo! enclosures evatrs in accordance wt 10074 and 3003. Emergency Power Systems: Coming wih Secton 22 Bit signs and means of egress tamination var car ging Emergency wo alarm /, Commurcatns syst Automate Fite detection systems Fe lor systems ‘Stakway deer operator: Doors can be eck from ‘away side capabia of beng unlocked wihout twitching fom sal om fee cornmand center. “Two way communication route at very Sth Nort oor lose In each raqueed sala. ‘Smokeproof Ext enclosures: every oqued etna serving floors more than 75 fet above lowest val of ce dopt accese shall eampty wih Secons 90820 an 1020.7 See CHAPTER 10for seismic considerations. Seo LOCAL CODE for code requ seismic and wind ‘oplies tebatngsconsring vera openings etnod a Ans ‘Smal contol not requred for openings connection ‘ont 90 stones. Fe alam sjtam requled whan atium connecs more tran wo oss, Section 406: Motor Vehicle Related Occupancies: 408.22 408.23 406.24 1020.1.7.1 ‘Clear height Netiess than 7 fet. Whore ‘accommodating Von Aacesable Parking rogue by ‘Seclon 11055 shallonfr, ICC ANT ‘Gerda: shal be provided n accordance wih ‘Seclon 1012 at exert and nero vereal openings ‘on Rar and ot ares whare veils a parkod or ‘moved and whore te vrlaldstance othe ground at uvtace det below oxcoods 3 inches. Vehicle Barer: Parking areas sal be proved with ‘ator wal oitrr walls or vehicle Baro, oxcpt st pcestian or vic accesses, designe in ‘sctordence with Secon 1907.7 Vehicle bares rot less than 2 high shall be paced ate ond of dv lanes nd atthe ond of paring spaces where he ference in acacet floor elovaon is reater an 1 foot 3 18/2008= 408.25 = 406.26 406.27 406.28 ‘Ramps: Vehicle amps shal at be consired as required extsunesspacestian facies are povided. Veh ramps used fever culaton as well 3s for parking shall not exceed a slope of 6.67 percent (118) Floor Surace.conerte or similar non-combustible on-abearbont mata. Exception: Asphalt parting pormited at gound ove. Area of floor used for parting ‘hall slope f.. the afeced ovate proto he appcaon of wate. This meane chal not be elf rooting, Activation of “pikor outside te holateay or machine room sha ‘ol dlazonnect ha main power spl ee. Elevator Design: Use Group B: 1 occupant per 10 sf COrerings in hostay enclosures stl be protected, Irmore than fur lovato, wo separate has fencosures are rquired. No more tan 4p ois International Fire Code Review: 1020.1.7.1 18 8/15/2008Tectonophysics, 154 (1988) 283-267 Elsevier Science Publishers BLY., Amsterdam ~ Printed in The Netherlands Tectonic patterns of the Panama Block deduced from seismicity, gravitational data and earthquake mechanisms: implications to the seismic hazard A. VERGARA MUNOZ Seismlopce! Deparment, Instn of Geophys, Upsala Universi, Box 12019, 5:50 12 Uppsala (Sweden) (Received October 27, 19 revised version accepted Mesch 28, 1988) Abstract ‘Vergara Munoz, A, 1988, Tectonie patterns of the Panama Block deduced from seismicity, gravitational data and ‘earthquake mechanisms: implications to the seismic hazard. Tectonophysics, 154; 253-267, ‘An integration of seismicity parameters, gravitational data, focal mechanisms, other geophysical data and geological {information is used to determine boundaries of the Panama Block (PB) and tectonic regimes which control them, The Panama Fracture Zone represents a clear boundary between the Nazca and Cacos plate and is undergoing subdiction ‘beneath the PB. Its interaction with the Cocos Ridge atthe western boundary of the block from the Panamanian shelf break and inland adds a higher degree of tectonic complexity to this area. In the north, the boundary with the Caribbean plate lies on the Panama Deformed Belt along the Caribbean margin ofthe Isthmus of Panama, The eastern ‘boundary of the PB is the Panama-South America Suture Zone, in which the shear motion between the PB and the [Nazea plate is coupled with major compressive forces associated with the convergence of the Nazca and South American plates. The southern boundary consists of a combination ofa left-latral transform fault, south of the Gulf of Panama, and a broad let-lateral shear zone between the Coiba Ridge and the Azuero Peninsula, The values of the 23 (Cumulative Seismic Hazard Index are greater in zones with more complex tectonics. Introduction The Caribbean-South America plate boundary is a broad zone of deformation characterized by number of fault-bounded blocks engaged in a complex pattern of relative motions (Bell, 1972; Case, 1974). Some aspects of the seismicity of the Panama Block (PB), ie., in the region between 7-12°N and 77-83°W have been studied by Vergara Mufioz (1987, 1988, 1989). Figure 1 shows locations of the most important features men- tioned in this paper. ‘The purpose of this paper is to establish new relationships between the Modified Mercalli (MM) intensity and the available instrumentally mea- sured data. The regression formulas will permit (0040-1951 /88/S03.50 © 1988 Elsevier Science Publishers BLY. the evaluation of some other seismicity parame- ters. These will complete the data set and a corre lation with other geophysical parameters will be studied, eg,, gravity data as well as other geologi- cal information and focal mechanism solutions. Even though the Bouguer anomaly is not the best gravitational information to be correlated with dynamic tectonic processes, the agreement with the seismicity patterns of the region is en- ‘couraging. It is expected that by integrating the available information, reliable constraints on previous stud- ies will merge and help to pinpoint seismically hazardous areas. Seismic hazard will be assessed using the Cumulative Seismic Hazard Index (Howell, 1974) which is based on MM intensities254 STRIKE~SLIP FAULT ‘THRUST FAULT COASTLINE ar 78° 717° Fig 1. Schematic geological-tectonic map of the Panama Block showing tectonic features and locations of area discussed in the tet: (CF—Coibs Fault, ST—SoakTonosi Fault Zone; OF—Oria Fault; CD—Canal Discontinuity: GF—Gatin Fault; SB—San Blas F ‘SF—Samba Fault; J¥-—Jaqué Fault; UP—Unguia Fault; UUF—Urabi Fault (Silver, pers. commun. 1985); MT—Midale ‘America Trench observed during a given period within the study Intensity relationships Relations between MM intensity and other seismological parameters, eg., the epicentral dis- tance, instrumentally-measured magnitude and fo- cal depth, for the PB will be given by Vergara Muthoz (1989), In this section we will develop regression formulae between intensity and other seismic quantities which could then be used to interpret macroseismic data in terms of instru- mental data, and, whenever necessary, vice versa Epicentral intensity Maximum intensities felt in Panama have been listed by Vergara Mufioz (1987). Close to the epicentre, the effect of exponential absorption is small compared to that of geometric spreading, and thus the epicentral intensity, fo, can be ex- pressed as: Ig=I—a, +b Ind a where / is the MM intensity at epicentral distance , a; is the source characteristics coefficient, and +, is a constant representing the geometric spread- ing. For all events with a maximum reported MM intensity of > IV, Ip was estimated using eqn (1) and the numerical results are summarized in Vergara Muioz (1989, table 4). The root-mean- square value (rms) between the predicted and observed epicentral intensities is 0.67 (in MM intensity units) for the PB. Intensty-radius relationship of isoseismal 1V Because, for the past large events, the level of perceptibility lies out of the study area, the iso-seismal IV is chosen as the most representative isoline in the narrow region of the Panamanian territory. The goal here is to evaluate numerical values of the coefficients @ and fi in the relation (Bath, 1980): Iy= a log( &y/h? +1) +8 @) where Ary is the radius of a circular isoseismal IV and his focal depth, In case when instrumental ‘A-values are missing, use is made of macroseismic observations through the formula of Vergara Muhoz (1989): ig = Qyy {109-9 — 1? Q ‘The rms. error between /y-values and instrumen- tal h-values for 44 pairs of observations is +16 km. For 67 pairs of observations (Vergara Mutioz, 1985) the linear least-squares approximation be~ tween Ip and Awy/h giv Tp=0.92 log( Siy/h? +1) +5.3 (0 = 40.81) for [p= 1V @ Approximation between Ayy/A and Jy results i log( Aiy/h? + 1) = 0.38% — 1.43 (o= +£0.61) for 1y21V ©) ‘The former equation can be rewritten as follows: log( Aiy/h? +1) = (Up - 3.8)/2.63 for Ig 1V © Intensity-magnitude relationship ‘The macroseismic magnitude for events with J, 1V was calculated using the relation: fen lesnby Bye) 4 $77] a where all coefficients are given in tables 2 and 6 in ‘Vergara Muhor (1989). The rms. values on My for 42 pairs of observations (I= IV—-M,) is £0.37. To homogenize the data set a regression formula between the macroseismic magnitude, My, and the homogenized surface-wave magnitude, M (Vergara Munoz, 1987), was determined. Linear least-squares approximation gives: M=1.05M,~0.37 (0= £0.37) (8) 255 For 61 pairs of observations the relation between Mand Iy i M=0.14[) + 5.50 (o = 40.34) for VI < Iy IV) hhave depths controlled with macroseismic de- terminations, Possible errors in location and depth are discussed in Vergara Muiioz (1988). Cross section A, along the northern segment of CT, shows rather shallow seismicity dipping close to the coastline. Section B shows the interaction of the MT with the continental crust of the PB. Section C along the PT indicates the effects of the interaction between PFZ and PB or the effects of the subduction of the Cocos Ridge beneath south-xe ree e 2 DEPTHIKm) 100 Po e DEPTH (Km) 20] 0 0| | 109} Fig. 6. Cross sections of the seismicity of the Panama Fracture Zone (for location see Fig. 5). Dots are hypocentres measured {instrumentally and open triangles are events with macroseismic focal depth determinations. The position of the Bart volcano as Drojected onto section C is shown at the top with a small arrow pointing upward. The arrow in the bottom of section A shows the imtersection withthe proposed broad shear zone between Coiba Ridge and Azuero Peninsula. CL on top of each section indicates the location of the coastline. Numbered events reer to individual focal mechanitm solutions (Table 1, Fig. 5). em Central America. The effects of the ‘Cocos-Nazca-Caribbean (PB-Costa Rica) june- tion are demonstrated in cross section D, with most of epicentres close to the coastline and a few of them occurring below the arc up to the Carib- ‘bean margin of northwestern Panama having in- creasing focal depth. ‘The Panama Deformed Belt ‘The six available focal mechanisms along the PDB (see Fig. 7) show that complex faulting oc- cours here, Event 23 is located at the western limit of the seismic activity in the area where Bowland (1984) reported a change of structural style along the deformation front, and represents thrusting. Event 14 also demonstrates thrust faulting. Event 24 has a mainly dip-slip mechanism with a small component of thrusting. Although the relative lo- cation of this event with respect to the wedge- shaped structure of the PDB is poorly constrained, its focal depth of 38 km suggests that the event occurs in the lower part of the crust (Adamek et al., 1987). The remaining events (13, 15 and 18) have focal mechanisms with nodal planes striking approximately parallel to the convergence direc- tion of the PB and the Caribbean plate, and are ‘normal-faulting earthquakes. The location and de- pths of these events suggest that they occurred within the underriding Caribbean plate and not within the Panamanian lithosphere. A possible explanation is that the PB would provide the loading stress which causes the underriding litho- sphere plate to fail, in the same way as vertical load or an oceanic plateau may perturb the local stress field while the oceanic lithosphere deforms in response, as described by Lambeck and Naki- oglu (1981) and Bergman et al. (1984). The Panama-South America Suture Zone This area is characterized by scattered and dif- fuse seismicity (for location see Fig. 7). The focal mechanisms of events 6, 9, 10, 11 and 12 show22 CUMULATIVE SEISMIC HAZARD INDEX DURING 1919-1 Fi. 7. Cumulative seismic hazard index map forthe period 1913~1986. Contours in units of Modified Mercalli intensity. that there is no single boundary and that E-W compression is being accommodated along many faults striking NW-SE. Polygonal fracturing has been described from structural analysis using radar imagery by MacDonald (1969), Vicksne et al (1969), Wing and Dellwig (1970), Wing (19714, b) and Wing and MacDonald (1973), and from geo- logical studies by Terry (1956), and is consistent with the focal mechanism solutions. The Canal Discontinuity Event 8, which occurred close to Panama City, is the single known earthquake in the neighbour- hood of the palaeoplate boundary of Van Andel et al, (1971) and Vitali et al. (1985) see Fig. 1) Ieis a thrust-fault event with a small left-lateral strike- slip component. On the other hand, it could repre sent the northwestern extension of the Jaqué River Fault (Fig. 1) of Mann and Burke (1984). How- cever, the seismicity of this subprovince during the present century docs not give support to this speculation. The Azuero region ‘The single focal mechanism published to date is number 25 in Table 1. The event demonstrates leftlateral strike-slip faulting. This mechanism suggests that the Coiba Ridge is colliding with the PB. This process may be responsible for the origin of a series of NW-striking left-lateral faults be- tween the Coiba Ridge and Azuero Peninsula. ‘Three of these faults are seismically active (Fig. 1); Coiba, Sond-Tonosi and Oria (Mann et al., 1987; Vergara Muoz, 1989). ‘Cumulative Seismic Hazard Index (CSHI) To complete the seismicity analysis, it is im- portant to include an evaluation of the effects that seismic energy release would produce at different epicentral distances. Since a numerical model for the decreasc of intensity with distance is proposed by Vergara Muioz (1989, eqn. (5) and table 3), it is possible to estimate the CSHI following the method of Howell (1974). For VII sy = X, eqn. (9) gives M-values which agree with those ob- tained with the formula proposed by Gutenberg ‘and Richter (1956). Hence, for the PB the CSH/ is defined in units of log 10" erg as CSHI = log 10'# «3° (ay For a single earthquake, the CSHI at any observa- tion point is thus numerically equal to the MM intensity of the site As reported by Calgagnile and Panza (1976), the CSHI is very sensitive to the largest values of the intensity of each point, and hence by consider- ing VIL < Ig VIII will need special building code provisions to ensure that all buildings will with- stand earthquake forces. Because intensity VI is the threshold of structural damage to poorly built buildings, special care is required in areas with CSHI values between VII and VII. For the re- maining area with CSHT values smaller than VIL the danger of earthquakes, especially those due to the effects of local geology, needs to be taken into account in building codes and in disaster plan- ning. Ts0-CSHI lines show a variable degree of corre- lation with the isomagnitude lines. This could be due to the fact that, for the seismic energy map- ping, all events with M=5.0 and larger were ‘entered into the calculations, while for the CSHT evaluation only 61 events fullfiled the require- ments of eqn (14). The higher values correspond to the PSZ, the PFZ and the eastern PDB. The iso-CSHT contours agree rather well with steep gradients of the Bouguer anomaly which are con- sidered to delineate areas where dynamic forces are present. An interesting aspect is that the zone with the lowest CSHI value is contoured by the 50 mGal isoline (Fig. 4). With respect to focal 263 mechanisms CSHI values are larger in areas with complex tectonics, eg., as expected around the PB. Discussion In the preceding sections, a description of the seismicity, gravitational data and earthquake focal mechanism solutions for the PB have been pre- sented. The tectonic patterns will be discussed here by integrating these data with additional geophysical and geological information. Figure 8 shows the main tectonic features around the PB which are relevant to a better understanding of their interaction at a regional level (Cocos-Nazca~Caribbean (PB-Costa Rica) junction ‘The PEZ. splays into four faults north of 6°N, three of which (CT, MT and PT) are active. The MT and PT are presently being subducted be~ neath the lithosphere of the PB. The subduction of the Cocos Ridge produces both normal and thrust- ing events where the Middle America Trench peters out. The normal faulting events (5 and 16) are related to the interaction with the PT. This pro- ‘cess extends northward along the Panama~Costa Rica border region and marks the western boundary of the PB. Hence, the driving forces of seismic activity in this area are a combination of the interaction of a fracture zone (PT-MT) with the subduction of a buoyant feature (the Cocos Ridge). South of the continental slope, the PFZ consists of at least three bowl-shaped bathymetric lows or depressions. Single-channel profiles sug- gest, according to Adamek (1986), that the deeper wedge-shaped feature is a graben-like structure. ‘Oblique convergence has been reported by Moore et al. (1985), where the PFZ is being subducted under the continental slope. Wrench fault struc- tures dominate the slope, and the convergence zone is defined by landward-dipping thrusts without associated folds. A steep gradient of the Bouguer anomaly values with a N-S trend east of 83°W along the Panama-Costa Rica border re- gion is considered to be an indication of active processes within the continental crust. The same264 compressive effect upon the isolines is observed in the seismic energy map. Northern Panama Block ‘The PDB is a thrust belt with a uniform orien- tation of folds and faults. The trend of the de- formation front changes from almost E-W to NE-SW near 81°25’ (Bowland, 1984). The E-W trending is defined by the toe of a wedge-shaped structure. In contrast, along the NE-SW trending segment of the fold, the deformation front is defined by the first antiform of the belt. The folds show both landward and seaward vergence (Reed et al., 1985). The relationship between the style of the deformation front of the PDB and the struc- ture of the Colombian Basin crust (Fig. 8), indi- cates that the basin crustal structure controls the 80° 18° coLomeran, BASIN Fig. & Major tectonic features around the Panama Block, with data from Pennington (1981), Mann and Burke (1984), and results of this study. Depth contours in metres. PFZ—Panama Fracture Zone; PDB—Panama Deformed Belt; PSZ—Panama-South ‘America Sure Zone. The acrows indicate the predominant direction of motion,northward motion of the PB and is the factor ‘which influences the deformation style within the fold belt and probably produces a clockwise rota- tion (Bowland, 1984; Vitali et al, 1985). The Panamanian crust is expected to overthrust the relatively thin crust west of Mono Rise (Fig. 8) ‘more easily than the much thicker crust of the Mono Rise and the small plateau offshore northwestern Panama. The PB crust is being forced between thick crustal structures northeastward, and is pinned where it impinges on these struc- tures, which results in thrust faulting at the de- formation front, The fold belt has grown by defor- ‘ming and incorporating autochthonous sediments in the Colombian Basin (Lu and MeMillen, 1982; Bowland, 1984; Vitali et al., 1985). According to Reed et al. (1985), deformation of thick layers along the footwall ramps has forced material out of the backlimb of folds along antithetic thrust faults. Landward vergence is the dominant polar- ity of the toe structure, suggesting very low basal shear stresses associated with initial imbrication. ‘The seismicity of the PDB indicates that northeastward convergence between PB and the Caribbean plate is responsible for the seismic ac- tivity here. The gravity data does not cover the whole PDB; however, steeper gradients in the northwestern and northeastern areas coincide with a higher seismic activity (Figs. 3 and 4). ‘The Nazca-South America-Caribbean (PB-Col- ‘ombian Basin) junction ‘The PSZ represents the coupling zone of the shear motion between the Caribbean and Nazca plates and major compressive forces associated with the convergence of the Nazca and South ‘American plates. All the associated seismically active faults appear to be dominantly of the thrust type. The earthquakes in this area occur southeast of the PDB, and to the north of the Colombia-Ecuador Trench (see Figs. 7 and 8). ‘The PDB and South Caribbean join to form a S-pointing cusp which is separated from the northern termination of the Colombia—Eeuador ‘Trench by the PSZ. Thus, the PSZ represents the Nazca~South America-Caribbean (PB-Co- Tombian Basin) triple junetion. Nazea oceanic crust 265 is rapidly subducting beneath the North Andean Block (Figs. 7 and 8) and is slipping eastward relative to the PB along a left-lateral transform boundary (Jordan, 1975) which extends to the Azuero region. Southern Panama Block The southern boundary of the PB lies on the ‘Azuero region, as described in Vergara Mufioz (1987, 1988). Here, the seismicity is rather low ‘compared with the PFZ and the PSZ, especially between 79° and 81°W. A possible explanation could be that the left-lateral transform fault af- fects a zone of weak coupling between the crust of the Gulf of Panama and the crust of the Panama Basin (Fig. 8). If so, the 20 January 1904 event (M4, =7.1 in Vergara Mutioz, 1987) should be investigated to determine its relationship with the above-mentioned boundary. The spatial distribu- tion of epicentres clearly shows an alignment of events with a NW-SE trend between the Azuero Peninsula and Coiba Ridge, with practically no events south of it. Event 25 (Table 1 and Fig. 5) exhibits a mechanism which characterizes shear zones. If this is accepted as a characteristic exam- ple of the faulting style for this area, then one conclusion is that the Coiba Ridge is converging with a northeast direction, causing the formation of a 100 km broad shear zone between the Sond—Tonosi Fault Zone and the Coiba Fault (Fig. 1, with locations from Case and Holcombe, 1980). As described recently by Mann et al. (1987), these faults are predominantly of the left-lateral strike-stip type with a NW-SE trend. The dist bution of aftershocks of event 25 seems to verify cour hypothesis. As reported by Moore et al. (1985), migrated seismic reflection profiles image @ well- defined zone of folds and thrusts at the toe of the slope east of the Coiba Fracture Zone (or CT). Thus, the Coiba Ridge (another buoyant feature) is colliding with the PB, and the process produces shear stresses with characteristic left-lateral strike-slip faults which appear landward of the convergence zone, cross the Azuero Peninsula di- agonally and end at the intersection with the CT (ee Fig. 6 for location of this intersection). The Bouguer anomaly shows a slight gradient along26 the proposed left-lateral boundary and it extends inland of the region of wrench faults. Conclusions Our main conclusions may be formulated as follows: (1) New intensity relationships have led to some improvements of our earlier results, shedding new light on the seismicity of the PB. Q) The moving-block method applied to the study area to map the seismic energy provides a suitable and informative dynamic parameter which graphically shows an aseismic block surrounded by seismically active zones. (3) Integration of known focal mechanisms with ‘other geophysical and geological information pro- Vides a better understanding of the tectonic ‘mes around the PB. (4) The iso-CSHI map gives a realistic picture of areas which have suffered major shaking during. the 74-year period studied. The highest values of the CSHI are obtained in the vicinity of two triple junctions: Cocos-Caribbean-Nazea and Nazca South America-Caribbean. (5) As a consequence of the tectonic processes described above, the PB is believed to be undergo- ing a clockwise rotation with a principally north- cast convergence. A diffuse internal deformation may be expected within the PB. Acknowledgements ‘This work has been concluded at the Seismo- logical Department, Uppsala University. 1 am most grateful to the Panamanian Commission for UN- ESCO for finanical support through the 1987-1988 participation programme. My thanks are due to M. Bith and O. Kulhanek for critically reading the manuscript and making substantial contributions with their views, and to F. Kebede and A.-J. Anderson for fruitful discussions. References ‘Adamek, S.H., 1986. Earthquake stulies inthe Panama-Costa Rica region. M.A. Thesis, Univ. Texas at Austin, Austin, 241 pp. ‘Adame, S.H., Frolich, C. and Peanington, W., 1987. Sesmic- ity of the Caribbean-Nazca boundary: constraints on mi- le! oolola>| 2. SEISMIC ZONING AND SITE CHARACTERIZATION 2.1. Seismic Zoning (Quality of Data). [4.1.4.1] No seismic zone map of the country is available in the document at hand However, specific values of effective peak accelerations A, and effective peak accelerations related to velocity Ay are defined for major cities. They can be interpolated for any other place in the country: Effective Peak Acceleration Coefficients A, and A, City A Ay City AL x ‘Aguadulce 014 [014 [David o21_| 027 Aligandi 019 | 0.19 | EiReal 022 | 027 ‘Almirante 021 | 022 | EIValle O12 | 014 Bocas del Toro | 0.21 | 0.21 | Jaqué 022 | 028 Boquete 018 | 020 [La Paima o2it_| 027 ‘Changuinola 0.24 | 0.28 | Las Tablas o.47_| 0.20 Chepo 0.20 | 0.28 | Panama 018 | 0.20 Chiriqui Grande | 0.18 | 0.20 | Penonomé ott | 014 Chitré 0.15 | 0.15 _| Portobeio oir | 0.19 Chorrera 013 | 0.15 [PucrtoAnmuelies | 026 | 0.34 Colin 015 | 020 [Puerto Obaidia | 021 | 022 ‘Concepeién 0.22 | 0.28 | Santiago 015 | 0.18 ‘Coronado 0.12 | 0.15 | Sona 047 | 0.19 2.2 Levels of Seismic Intensity. Only one level of seismic intensity is assigned to each particular city, although Effective Peak Ground Accelerations will vary according to Soil Profile Types (see 2.6).2.3 Near Fault considerations. [4.2.6.3.3.1] Near fault effects are considered for Base Isolated Buildings only (see 6.6). In these cases, a factor N, related to distance to near faults and earthquake magnitude, and ranging from 1.0 to 1.5, is used for the calculation of the building base displacement. 2.4 Site Requirements. [4.1.4.5] Buildings with the highest Seismic Performance category (E, see 1.2) can not be placed on sites where active faults are present. 2.5 Site Classification. [4.1.4.2] Six soil profiles are defined according to several parameters as indicated in the following Table: Soil Profile Classification Type of Shear wave SPT | Undrained shear Soil Profile velocity vs NO Na strength Sy A. Hard Rock >1500 mis NA NA. B. Rock 760 a 1500 m/s NA. NA. C. Very dense soil 370 a 760 mis >50 $700 KPa and soft rock D. Stiff Soil Profile 180 a 370 mis. 15 a 50 50 a 100 kPa E. Soft Soil Profile <180 m/s <15 <50 kPa. F. Soil profiles requiring specific site evaluation 7. Vulnerable or collapsible soils clays 3. High plasticity clays 4. Very deep soft or intormediato clay Note: N.A. = Not applicable. 2.6 Peak Ground Accelerations (Horizontal and Vertical). [4.1.4.2.4; 42.2.6] Effective horizontal peak ground accelerations A, for Rock (Soil Profile B, see 2.5), also called ground intensities, are defined for major cities (see 2.1), Their values vary from 0.12 to 0.25 of g. For other types of soil profile these values are scaled by a factor Fa. Similarly, for the effective peak acceleration related to velocity A, (see 2.1), there are corresponding scaling factors Fy. The Fa and Fy values are given in the following Tables:F, as function of Soil Profile Type and rock peak ground acceleration Type of Soll Ground intensity, A, Profile <0.1g 0.29 03g | 04g 20.59" A 08. 0.8 08 8 0.8 B 1.0) 1.0, 1.0 1.0 1.0) c 1.2, 12 14 1.0 1.0) D 16 14 12 11 1.0 E 25. 17, 42 08) FE = z 7 F, as function of Soil Profile Type and rock peak ground acceleration Type of Soil ‘Ground Intensity, A, Profile <0.ig [0.29 0.39 0.49 20.59 08 08 08 08 08 10 10 10 10 10 z 17. 16 1s 14 13 24 20 18 16 1s 35 32 28 24 g Notes: Use interpolation for intermediate values of Ag ® Specific geotechnical studies and analysis of dynamic amplification effects are required, ® Specific studies may lead to higher values of A,. Vertical ground accelerations are not explicitly defined but their effect is considered in the calculation of the earthquake load E (see 5.1). 3. PARAMETERS FOR STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION 3.4. Occupancy and Importance. [1.3; Table 1.1] Buildings are classified in four categories (I, II, Ill and IV) according to their importance and use as follows: Category |: Buildings and related structures whose failure implies low risk for human life including but not limited to rural, storage or temporary facilities. Category II: Normal occupancy public or private buildings (not included in categories |, Ill or IV. Category Il: Hazardous facilities or densely occupied public or private buildings. Category IV: Essential facilities. 3.2. Structural Type. [4.2.2.2] Six Structural Types are considered: + Bearing Wall Systems.Building Frame Systems Moment-resisting Frame Systems Dual Systems with Special Moment Frames able to resist 25% of prescribed seismic forces. + Dual Systems with Intermediate Moment Frames able to resist 25% of prescribed seismic forces. + Inverted Pendulum Systems. Each Structural Type contains several subtypes depending on their structural materials and configuration. For each subtype, values for the Reduction Factor R, varying from 1% to 8, (see 4.2) and for the Displacement Factor Cz, varying from 1% to 6'p, (see 5.7) are defined Additionally, there are some height and structural system limitations for specific Seismic Performance Categories (see 1.2) [Table 4.2.2.2] 3.3. Structural Regularity: Plan and Vertical. [4.2.2.3] Buildings are classified as regular or irregular according to the following criteria’ Plan Irregularity: Torsional irregularity, Re-entrant comers, Diaphragm discontinuity, Out-of-plane offsets, Nonparallel systems. Vertical Irregularity: Stiffness irregularity-soft story, Mass irregularity, Vertical geometric irregularity, In-plane discontinuity in vertical lateral- force-resisting elements, Discontinuity in capacity-weak story. Specific requirements are defined for irregular buildings according to their Seismic Performance categories (see 2.1). 3.4 Structural Redundancy. [4.2.2.5.2.5] There are no quantitative considerations related to structural redundancy (or the lack of it). However, a brief statement says that, for buildings of Seismic Performance categories B, C, D or E (see 2.1), it becomes necessary to consider the potentially adverse effect that the failure of a particular element, component or joint may have on the complete structure. 3.5 Ductility of elements and components. [Table 4.2.2.2] The ductility of elements and components, and its effect in the overall ductility of the whole structure, is considered in the values assigned to the Reduction Factor R and the Displacement Factor Cy, according to the specific structural materials and configurations of the Structural Types and subtypes (see 3.2).4. SEISMIC ACTIONS 4.1 Elastic Response Spectra (Horizontal and Vertical). [4.2.4.5] No explicit Elastic Response Spectrum is defined. However, it is possible to define it from the Design Spectrum (see 4.2) as such: Se/g = 1.2 Cy/T?? $2.5 Ca Where: Ca=FaAa Zone and site dependant effective peak acceleration (see 2.1 for A, and 2.6 for Fa ). C,=F,A, Zone and site dependent effective peak acceleration related to velocity (see 2.1 for A, and 2.6 for F,). Ts Natural period. For Base Isolated Buildings (see 6.6) the Code contains a detailed procedure to define an elastic response spectrum [Table 4.2.6.4.4.1]. In this case, the descending branch decays as 1/T instead of 1/T7°. 4.2. Design Spectra. [4.2.4.5] The Design Spectra corresponds to the Seismic coefficient C. and is given by: C.=1.2C)/ (RT) <2.5C./R Where C,, C, and T were previously defined (see 4.1) and R= Reduction Factor, varying from 1% to 8 according to structural types and subtypes (see 3.2). 4.3. Representation of acceleration time histories. [4.2.6.4.4.2] Acceleration time histories are considered as an option for Base Isolated Buildings only (see 6.6). For these cases the Code specifies the need of 3 independent time histories in each direction, whose average (SRSS) elastic spectra for 5% damping should not be less than 1.3 times the elastic design spectra on more than 10% of the interval of natural periods. 4.4 Design Ground Displacement. Not considered.5. DESIGN FORCES, METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND DRIFT LIMITATIONS 5.1 Load Combinations including Orthogonal Seismic Load Effects. (4.2.2.6; 9.6.1.1] The article related to load combinations [4.2.2.6] refers to specific chapters for each structural material. However, these chapters are very short and refer to particular US Codes like ACI or AISC for concrete and steel. However, the CD version of the Panamanian Code consulted by the evaluator indicates, in a somehow misplaced article [9.6.1.1], that for concrete structures the ACI-318-02 combination of dead D, live L and earthquake E loads should be substituted by the following: (1.1)(1.20 + 0.5L + 1.08) and (1.1)(0.90 + 1.08) Earthquake load E [4.2.2.6] is defined as: E Qe +0.5C,D Where: he effect of horizontal seismic forces on each particular element. Zone and site dependant effective peak acceleration (see 4.1). Dead load effect. The term (0.5 C, D) can be interpreted as the contribution of earthquake vertical ground accelerations on the structure (see 2.6). 5.2 Simplified Analysis and Design Procedures. Not considered, except for the case of small residential units (see 7) 5.3. Static Method Procedures. [4.2.3] The total base shear force V is given by: vV=C,W Where: C= Seismic Coefficient (see 4.2). W = Total structural weight for earthquake purposes (Dead plus a fraction of Live loads) Structural Period T for calculation of C; is empirically estimated as: T= Cr (3.28 hn)?7>Where Cr = An empirical coefficient varying from 0.020 to 0.035. hn = Total building height from base (in m). Vertical distribution of the total base shear V is as follows: Fe=CuV with Cyc = We hy / 3) Wi hit for buildings with Ts 0.5 for buildings with T> 2.0 kis linearly interpolated for T on the interval: 0.5 < T < 2.0. Torsional effects must be considered (see 5.6). The overtuming moment is reduced by a factor that varies from 1.0 for the top 10 stories to 0.8 for the lower 20 (if the building has more than 30 stories, linear interpolation is. applied to the intermediate ones). 5.4 Mode Superposition Methods. [4.2.4] Required whenever Static Method Procedures (see 5.3) are not allowed. The Design Spectrum is given by the Seismic Coefficient C, (see 4.2) with the following exceptions: + The limit value of 2.5 C. / R does not apply to buildings with Seismic Performance categories D or E (see 1.2) with a period T20.7s on Soil Profiles type E or F (see 2.5). * For buildings on Soil Profiles type D, E or F (see 2.5) with period 730.38, Cs = Ca (1.0 + 5.0T)/R. * For buildings having modes with natural periods T 2 4.0s, C,=3CV/RT*® for those periods. Combination of modes will be according to SRSS or CQC. Overturning moments at the foundation level can be reduced up to 10%. 5.5 Non-Linear Methods. [4.2.6.2.5.3.2] Not considered, except for base isolated structures (see 6.6). 5.6 Torsional considerations. [4.2.3.5.2] For Static Method Procedures (see 5.3) the analysis must include a story Torsional Moment M, equal to the story shear times the calculated eccentricity plus an accidental value of 5% of the building dimension. For buildings with Torsional irregularity (see 3.3) the accidental torsion is increased by a factor Ax = ( Smax/1.2 8av )* , being Bmax aNd dy the maximum and average displacements at the story.5.7 Drift Limitations. [4.2.2.7; 4.2.3.7.1] Inelastic displacements 6, are calculated from the elastic displacements xe AS: B= Ca bee with the Displacement Factor Cy depending on the Structural Type and subtype (see 3.2). The relative interstory drifts limits are given in the following Table: Drift Limits, Ay Seismic Performance Type of Building Classification (see 1.2 ty] Vv All buildings with non structural and architectonic | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.016 elements designed to accommodate the structure story drifts, except those having masonry structural walls. All other buildings: o020 | 0.0715 | 0.010 5.8 Soil-Structure Interaction Considerations. [4.2.5] This subject has a very thorough coverage along the lines of USA codes. Both Static Method Procedures and Mode Superposition Methods can be applied. 6. SAFETY VERIFICATIONS 6.1. Building Separation. [4.2.2.7] No specific regulations are defined for building separations other than to indicate that all building parts should be designed and built as an integrated structure unless they have been separated to avoid pounding damage among each other during their total inelastic displacements (see 5.7) 6.2 Requirements for Horizontal Diaphragms. [4.2.2.5.2.7; ] Diaphragms must be designed to resist a minimum horizontal force equal to 50% of the seismic coefficient C, (see 4.2) times the diaphragm’s own weight plus that part of the total seismic story shear that must be carried through the diaphragm due to changes in the stiffness distribution of the resisting system along the height of the structure. Both shear and in planebending moments on the diaphragm must be resisted, as well as the forces in their mechanical or welded connections. 6.3 Requirements for Foundations. [4.4] Specific foundation requirements according to the building seismic performance categories A, B, C, D and E (see 1.2), are presented. 6.4 P-A Considerations. [4.2.3.7.2] No P-A considerations are necessary for buildings satisfying: = Px AI Vx Nex Ce $0.10 ‘otal vertical load over level x. ;eismic shear force at level x. terstory drift at level x corresponding to Vs. hey = Interstory height below level x. Ca = Displacement Factor (see 3.2) In any case @ < Onax = 0.5 / B Cy < 0.25 Where B is the ratio of seismic shear demand to shear capacity at level x. For 0.1 < @ < @rax the P-A effects on the structural response must be evaluated. Calculated interstory drifts (see 5.7) must be increased by a factor 1.0/ (1.0 ~@). For @ > Gmax the structure is considered as unstable and must be redesigned. 6.5 Non-Structural Components. [4.3] An extensive article (24 pages) defines minimum design requirements for non-structural, architectonic, mechanical and electric systems and components. in general they must be designed to resist seismic forces Fp given by: Fp=4.0CalpWp OF Fp = @p Ap lp Wp/ Rp Where: Seismic Coefficient (see 4.1) ‘Components Weight. Wp |, =Component's Importance Factor (varying from 1.0 to 1.5). Ay = Component's acceleration coefficient (as a fraction of g). Component’s Amplification Factor, tabulated (varying from 1.0 to 2.5) Response modification Factor, tabulated (varying from 1.5 to 6.0). 106.6 Provisions for Base Isolation. [4.2.6] An extensive article (21 pages) provides detailed procedures for the analysis and design of base isolated buildings. Static, Mode Superposition and Time History procedures are contemplated. Near fault effects are considered (see 2.3) 7. SMALL RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS [6] In general, small residential buildings can be designed with the general procedures contemplated in the Code for their specific structural materials. However, Chapter 6 - Single Family Dwellings, contains prescriptive type regulations for one story typical buildings. These regulations can be extended to alternative types of buildings evaluated and approved according to defined procedures. 8. PROVISIONS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS [13] There are no specific procedures for existing buildings. A general chapter (Chapter 13 - Remodeling of Structures and other Facilities) refers specifically to building remodeling. It is a short (half page) chapter specifying that all remodeled buildings must satisfy the Code requirements or else they must undergo a structural upgrading process approved by a professional engineer. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CODE IMPROVEMENT The proposed Code REP-2003 is a modern Code along the lines of the IBC-2000 Code, without being a mere transcription of it. The regulations for non structural systems and components are quite comprehensive. There are two extensive chapters on soil-structure interaction and base isolated structures that provide excessive details for these subjects even though their applicability in the country seems quite limited. Some minor improvements may be recommended, as the use of Rayleigh’s Method for the calculation of the natural period instead of the very unreliable empirical equations provided (see 5.3). From a formal perspective, the numbering methodology for identification of articles is quite cumbersome, sometimes carrying up to six figures (i.e. 4.2.2.5.2.5) MlPanama, - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, graph Mus ur ow YW OWT OM OX OLX ee Panama, - Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times, table Date {Sunrise |Sunset|Length| Change wn | Dusk | Length| Change F 1237 (ms) 1323) : +1 day “0605 | 1842] 1237 0000 equal I 1905 1322 0091 eons ot week| 0607; 1842} 1235 0002 shorter 1904 (1320 0093 shorter +2weeks| 0608) 18:1] 1233| 0004 shorter| 1993) 13:17 [0006 shorter +imonth| 06:10) 1837) 1227 00:10 shorter} 1859 1341 |oo12 shorter +2 months} 0609) 1822) 12:13 0024 shorter} fee «1255 loo28 shorter [43 months) 0696| 1805] 1159] 0038 shorter! W826) 12:1 | 0022 shorter] +6months| 0636 18:4] 1138| 0059 shorter| B87] 1224/0059 shorterPanama, Panama - Sun path diagram Temperature (celsius) Rainfall (mm) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jon Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec = average dally cemperature (max) = average dally cemperature (iin) [Equinox (March and September) Hiisunise CNet eeu Balboa Heights, Panama ‘Average _TE™PEFaMUTe Discomfort | Relative ee ere = eae ( sr [faa fos) eee : {9 fas att ael cere en anf Mech bee eee oe April 72331 18 98 Exteme [e181 74S iy 6 asm ss mn loam sat{ 4 [astatfatas| eee [ol e0| — ata — | Juy 6 23.31 19 35 Extreme 90 91 19018 aaissreee tees s mos mm (oto ae 5 23 29 2035 High © 90 92. 287 18 5 23.29 19 34 High 91 9226918 23 “90 89 122 12>anamé, Panama - Solar energy and surface meteorology Wet days, d | 5.1| 3.7 These data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center; New et a. 2002 Insolation “The monty average amount ofthe ota solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface at the surtace of the earth for a given mont, averaged fo that month over the 22-year period (Jul 1963 - Jun 2005). Each monthly averaged value is evaluated as the numerical average of &-noury values for the given montn. Source: NASA Langley Research Center Almospheric Science Data Center Clearness ‘The monthly average amount ofthe total solar radiation incident on a horizontal surtace atthe surface of the earth divided by the monthly ‘average incoming top-of-atmosphere insolation for a given month, averaged for that month over the 22-year period (Jul 1989 ~ Jun 2005); (Le. deamess index s the fraction of insolation atthe top of the aimosphere which reaches the surface ofthe earth). 0 = very overcast and sunny. Source: NASA Langley Research Center Atmosphenc Science Data Center. ‘Temperature “The monthly average air temperature for a gven month, averaged for that month over the 22-year period (Jan 1983 - Dee 2004). “Temperature values ae fr 10 meters above the surface ofthe earth. Each monthly averaged vale is evaluated as the numerical average ‘of 3-hourly values forthe given month. Source: NASA Langley Research Center Almospheric Science Data Center Wind speed “The monthly average wnd speed fra gven month, averaged for that month over the 10-year period su 1983 - June 1959). Wind speed valves are for 50 meters above te surface ofthe earth. Each monin¥y averaged vaue s evaluated as the numerical average of 3-nouty Yalues for the gven month. Source: NASA Langley Researen Center Almospherte Soence Data Center Precipitation “The monthly average preciptaion fora given month, averaged for that month over the period from 1961 to 1980. Source: New, M., Lister, D., Hulme, M. and Makin, 2002: Ahigh-esoluton data set of surface climate over global land areas. Climate Research 21 Wet days. Number of days per month with precipitation >0.1 mm. Averaged over the period from 1961 to 1990. Source: New, M. Lister, ., Hulme, M. ‘and Makin, |. 2002" A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas. Climate Research 21,Panama City Costa del Este Office Tower Static Analysis The results on this page were obtained by using standard elevator probability equations. Note that these equations do not reflect the impact of proprietary dispatching algorithms. 4. Single Deck Up Peak ‘Study Name | Round Trip | High Gall] Interval, SMin. Up | Up Probable | Gore Space Time (sec.) | Reversal | (sec.) Handling | Stops (m2) (Floors Capacity (% Served of above population) Lobby) with garage | 218.7 20.4 365 122 136 3at8 at hour arrival rate The above calculations are based upon the assumption that 50% of the population will arive during a 60 minute up-peak period in the morning. If more than 50% arrive during a 60 minute period, then the above calculations are incorrect. Building population used for this study: 1,295 persons. The above calculations are based on the following elevator configuration: Six (6) Elevators 1800 Kg Capacity 3.5 mls (700 fpm) Stops: 22 including: Lobby, Parking floors (Mezz, 2.3 floors (9-21) (6,7), Office/Conference floor (8) and typical office Panama Market Requirements: 5 minute Handling Capacity: 12 — 15% of the total building population Interval: 30 - 40 seconds Glossary of Terms: Round Trip Time: The elapsed time from the availability or assignment of a car to start loading for an up trip, from the main floor until the car is again available or assigned to start loading a the same floor in the up direction. High Call Reversal Floor: the expected highest floor reached for an average round trip during a 5-minute period, with the specified load in the cars. Interval: The average time between successive departures of a car from the main lobby. Handling Capacity: The number of passengers that can be carried by an elevator group in a 6-minute period, expressed as a percent of the group population for up, down or interfloor trafic. Up Probable Stops: Estimated number of stops an elevator will make traveling from the lobby to the highest floor. Unpublished Work-Copyright 2007, Otis Elevator Company!1/2008 Page 20f3Panama City Costa del Este Office Tower Elevator Group: Floors served: Number of Elevators: Capacity Speed: Estimated Population: Round Trip Time: Interval: Group Handling Capacity: Peak Traffic Demand: One (1) Passenger Group L, Mezz, 2-21 Six (6) 41800Kg (Approx 4000 Ibs) 3.5 mis (700 fpm) 4,295 persons 218.7 seconds 36.5 seconds 122% Up peak — 2 hour arrival rate This analysis is based upon the building described above. Should the design or usage change, the results of this study will also change. Unpublished Werk-Copyrght 2007, Otis Elevator Company8/1/2008 Page 30!3Buiding Panama City Cosa del Este Office Tower Revision: Including garage with 2 hour arrival rate ICustomer: {Consultant Rise From Height | Lobpy a7 caf apaciy ssengers Speed Bmisee eration Ts set ing Time| Ea sing Time] 306 opuiatio| [Eevator does not aGbass (no sence) [Serviceable xpress Zone) fachine Flooriooaxiuna, 1 sestwar eo a _ (gem, (era? [ 6 8 aoa acon Gio, MACHINE ROOM PLAN. aay jstoms [ue Tacs os Te= Tose fun iss —osasn lor [isos ‘SPECIFICATION #4 _—_ uw) own ists —| (Otis Elevator (China) Investment Co.,Ltd SR ASST HLBS (HE) BETA LAS Etearion| 2667 | 628 | 628 NOTE: DO NOT SCALE THIS DRAWING. UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED ALL DIMENSIONS ARE TO FINISHED WORK. ALL DIMENIONS IS MM. Ale? .aNAere? Re aay = we 20017185 A | wirM r 2a eee ULO? > = s Ee] power e i ———— mata = : Toa [ 0a | arcsec IO Sragup) HSU MaLacoaaeion | A — = ; a OBETnn. b- [to 9 rc er 308 | 668 NOTE Deo eae UIST ETD : jee om | WI RaR OTIC Fy "ee ce x, | A= pay ea en apna eiee RRA ea fAty | ee BG eater ie ace | tain a car th Hib aeHeee ——— repims | DAAZGISSW |eREDUCE TIME. REDUCE CROWDS. IMPROVE TRAFFIC. Time is priceless. That's why we created Destination Dispatch. This new innovation is ThyssenKrupp’s answer to time management. We have committed ourselves to developing a product that will get passengers to their destinations in the fastest time possible Introducing Destination Dispatch from ThyssenKrupp Elevator Destination Dispatch directs passengers to the elevator that will get them to their destinations sooner, reducing trip times and increasing handling capacity by up to 30%.* For buildings with heavy traffic at peak hours, this can mean dramatic reductions in lobby crowding and overall trip time. In fact, in certain applications, overall trip times are often reduced by as much as 25%.* In other words, we save passengers time.With a traditional dispatching system, the closest elevator is always the one assigned to the call. Crowds form at peak times, because each passenger has only one thought in mind: to get on the first car to arrive. Every car must then make more stops and use more energy than necessary. And, passengers spend too much time getting to their destinations. Destination Dispatch reduces crowds by directing people to the elevator that will get them to their floor the fastest. Car loads are evened out and the number of stops is limited, making for greater operational efficiency. For example, there are forty people in your lobby waiting for the elevator. Most passengers are going to a different floor. Some are going up, while others are going down. With Destination Dispatch, each passenger is grouped to board the car that will get them where they need to go in the shortest amount of time. With Destination Dispatch, overly long rides become a thing of the past. And so do overcrowded elevators. Benefits of Destination Dispatch: + Less crowding at peak times. + Increased handling capacity of up to 30%. + Overall trip times experience a dramatic reduction, often as much as 25%. + Elevators are less crowded.EVALUATING YOUR SYSTEM. Before installation ever begins, ThyssenKrupp Elevator uses a sophisticated traffic analysis software system to evaluate your building's traffic profile. This traffic analysis will determine if your building needs Full Destination or Up Peak Boost Destination. With Full Destination there are touch screens or keypads on every floor; Up Peak Boost Destination only requires touch screens or keypads in high-traffic areas.MEASURING TRIP TIME, NOT WAITING TIME At the heart of the system is a formula called Estimated Time to Destination (ETD). While traditional systems only determine how long passengers will wait for an elevator to arrive, they don't factor in the total trip time, nor dispatch cars accordingly. After all, getting picked up quickly is nice unless you end up in a crowded elevator that stops at every other floor in the building. ETD and Destination Dispatch ensure that every passenger gets to their destination sooner. + ETD formula is based on overall trip time, not waiting time. «Passengers ride in cars that will get them to their destination sooner. + Passengers are dispersed more evenly, resulting in less crowding. With a comentional dispatch systom, crowdedTouch-tone phones. ATMs. Airport self-service kiosks. All of these were once new and different. And yet, each has come to revolutionize the industries they serve, improving both operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. Why? Because they're simple to use. Because they make life easier. Just like Destination Dispatch. 1. Instead of pushing a button inside the elevator, passengers do so at a touch screen or keypad located at the elevator bank, 2. Destination Dispatch directs each passenger to the right car for them. 3, Passengers are dispersed evenly among various cars, getting them to their destinations faster. And that's it. What could be pler? + State-of-the-art touch screens and keypads. + Touch screens and keypads housed in stand-alone columns or mounted in custom cabinets to match building décor. + Graphics and instructions that are easy to understand. + Touch screens or keypads can be located on every floor or only in high-traffic areas. For more information, visit our website at thyssenkruppelevator.comIs Destination Dispatch right for my building? Any new or existing high-rise project with heavy traffic loads can benefit from Destination Dispatch. If you've got a crowded lobby with a large number of passengers going to different floors, Destination Dispatch can help. Is it easy to use? Very. All you do is select a floor on the touch screen or keypad, and Destination Dispatch directs you to the elevator that will take you to your destination. And not only do passengers learn to use the system quickly; they enjoy the uniqueness of it as well. A building with Destination Dispatch is a building people talk about. How many versions of Destination Dispatch are there? Two. Destination Dispatch is available in Full Destination with touch screens or keypads at every floor or Up Peak Boost Destination with touch screens in only high-traffic areas.Does Destination Dispatch shorten total trip time? Yes. Destination Dispatch shortens the total time it takes passengers to get to their destinations, Focusing on travel time rather than wait time proves passengers arrive at their chosen floor faster than ever before, often times as much as 25% faster than they would with a conventional dispatch system Do elevator consultants recommend Destination Dispatch? They do. Destination Dispatch has been frequently recommended by independent consultants for building projects all over the world Does Destination Dispatch comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act? Yes, Destination Dispatch is ADA compliant. A special button provides audible voice instructions, letting the visually impaired choose a floor, then gives directions to the proper car and announces its arrival. It even calls the least crowded car for better wheelchair access, and slows door operation to ensure adequate boarding time. In a new building, can Destination Dispatch reduce the number of cars needed? In some cases, yes. Determining the proper number of elevators for a building is a complicated task, and every building must be considered individually. The elevator consultant on your project should be able to determine whether or not Destination Dispatch can reduce the total number of elevators required. Can Destination Dispatch be used with multiple elevator banks that service different floors? Yes. Destination Dispatch works with the design of your building, It doesn't inhibit it. For more information on Destination Dispatch, contact your local ThyssenKrupp Elevator representative at (877) 230-0303.