DEFINITION OF RESEARCH: It is the scientific investigation of phenomena which includes

collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of facts that lines an individual’s speculation
with reality.

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

1. EMPIRICAL – Research is based on direct experiences or observations by the researcher.

2. LOGICAL – Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. CYCLICAL – Research is an iterative process. It begins with a problem and ends with a
problem.
4. ANALYTICAL – Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data,
whether historical, descriptive, experimental and case study.
5. CRITICAL – Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. METHODICAL – Research is conducted in a step-by-step manner without bias using
systematic methods and procedures.
7. REPLICABLE – The research design and procedures are clear that they may be repeated
to enable the researcher arrive at valid and conclusive results.

Source: Calmorin and Calmorin, Research Methods and Thesis Writing

Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/c8LLAXsAu4S5HqLQ6
ALTERNATIVE STUDENT ACTIVITY

Guide Questions:
1. What are other definitions of research?
2. Study the image “The Process of Research.” Discuss how the characteristics of research
are related to the process of research.
3. Why is it important that researchers adhere to the characteristics and processes of
research?