1.

- Acido Fluorhidrico
−¿
+¿+ F ¿ k=2.4 X 10
−4
Pk= 3.62 CT=0.1
HF ↔ H ¿
PH [H+] [F-] [HF] Suma Log [F-] Log [HF]
0.09997600
0 1 2.39942E-05 6 0.1 -4.61989298 -1.00010422
0.09976057
1 0.1 0.000239425 5 0.1 -3.62082982 -1.00104106
2 0.01 0.00234375 0.09765625 0.1 -2.63008871 -1.01029996
0.08064516
3 0.001 0.019354839 1 0.1 -1.71321044 -1.09342169
0.02941176
4 0.0001 0.070588235 5 0.1 -1.15126768 -1.53147892
5 0.00001 0.096 0.004 0.1 -1.01772877 -2.39794001
0.00041493
6 0.000001 0.099585062 8 0.1 -1.0018058 -3.38201704
7 0.0000001 0.099958351 4.16493E-05 0.1 -1.00018092 -4.38039216
8 0.00000001 0.099995834 4.16649E-06 0.1 -1.0000181 -5.38022934
9 0.000000001 0.099999583 4.16665E-07 0.1 -1.00000181 -6.38021305
10 1E-10 0.099999958 4.16666E-08 0.1 -1.00000018 -7.38021142
11 1E-11 0.099999996 4.16667E-09 0.1 -1.00000002 -8.38021126
12 1E-12 0.1 4.16667E-10 0.1 -1 -9.38021123
13 1E-13 0.1 4.16667E-11 0.1 -1 -10.3802112
14 1E-14 0.1 4.16667E-12 0.1 -1 -11.3802112

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-2

-4
Log [Conc]

-6

-8

-10

-12
PH

PH Vs Log [F-] PH vs Log [HF]

2.- Acido Acetico
−¿
+ ¿+ A C ¿ k=1.8 X −3
10 Pk= 2.7447 CT=0.5
H AC → H ¿

PH [H+] [AC-] [HAC] Suma Log [AC-] Log [HAC]

0 1 0.00089838 0.49910162 0.5 -3.04653852 -0.30181102
1 0.1 0.00884086 0.49115914 0.5 -2.05350527 -0.30877777
2 0.01 0.07627119 0.42372881 0.5 -1.1176395 -0.372912
3 0.001 0.32142857 0.17857143 0.5 -0.49291552 -0.74818803
4 0.0001 0.47368421 0.02631579 0.5 -0.32451109 -1.5797836
5 0.00001 0.49723757 0.00276243 0.5 -0.30343607 -2.55870857
6 0.000001 0.49972238 0.00027762 0.5 -0.3012712 -3.55654371
7 0.0000001 0.49997222 2.7776E-05 0.5 -0.30105412 -4.55632663
8 0.00000001 0.49999722 2.7778E-06 0.5 -0.30103241 -5.55630491
9 0.000000001 0.49999972 2.7778E-07 0.5 -0.30103024 -6.55630274
10 1E-10 0.49999997 2.7778E-08 0.5 -0.30103002 -7.55630252
11 1E-11 0.5 2.7778E-09 0.5 -0.30103 -8.55630251
12 1E-12 0.5 2.7778E-10 0.5 -0.30103 -9.55630246
13 1E-13 0.5 2.7778E-11 0.5 -0.30103 -10.5563025
14 1E-14 0.5 2.7778E-12 0.5 -0.30103 -11.5563025
 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-2

-4
Log [Conc]

-6

-8

-10

-12

-14

PH

Log [AC-] vs PH Log [HAC] Vs PH

3.- Acido Sulfuroso

−¿
+ ¿+ HSO3¿ k1=1.3 X 10
−2
Pk1= 1.89 CT=0.2
H 2 SO 3 ↔ H ¿

+¿+ SO 3
−¿ ↔ H ¿ k2=6.3 X 10−6 Pk2= 5.2
HSO ¿3

PH [H+] [H2SO3] [SO3] [HSO3-] SUMA Log [H2SO3] Log [SO3] Log [HSO3-]
0 1 0.19743335 1.61698E-08 0.00256663 0.2 -0.70457948 -7.79129558 -2.59063613
0.17698986
1 0.1 8 1.44955E-06 0.02300868 0.2 -0.7520516 -5.83876769 -1.63810824
0.08692556
2 0.01 9 7.1192E-05 0.11300324 0.2 -1.06085246 -4.14756856 -0.94690911
0.01420262 0.00116319
3 0.001 9 5 0.18463418 0.2 -1.84763126 -2.93434736 -0.73368791
0.00143688 0.01176808
4 0.0001 5 7 0.18679503 0.2 -2.84257804 -1.92929414 -0.72863469
0.07726415
5 0.00001 9.43396E-05 1 0.12264151 0.2 -4.02530587 -1.11202196 -0.91136251
0.17260092
6 0.000001 2.10746E-06 1 0.02739697 0.2 -5.67624079 -0.76295689 -1.56229744
 0.19687497
7 0.0000001 2.40385E-08 6 0.003125 0.2 -7.61909338 -0.70580948 -2.50515003
0.19968304
8 0.00000001 2.43813E-10 3 0.00031696 0.2 -9.61294272 -0.69965881 -3.49899936
0.19996825
9 0.000000001 2.44161E-12 9 3.1741E-05 0.2 -11.6123228 -0.69903893 -4.49837948
0.19999682
10 1E-10 2.44196E-14 5 3.1746E-06 0.2 -13.6122608 -0.6989769 -5.49831745
0.19999968
11 1E-11 2.442E-16 3 3.1746E-07 0.2 -15.6122546 -0.69897069 -6.49831124
0.19999996
12 1E-12 2.442E-18 8 3.1746E-08 0.2 -17.612254 -0.69897007 -7.49831062
0.19999999
13 1E-13 2.442E-20 7 3.1746E-09 0.2 -19.6122539 -0.69897001 -8.49831056
14 1E-14 2.442E-22 0.2 3.1746E-10 0.2 -21.6122539 -0.69897001 -9.49831057
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-5

-10
Log (Conc)

Log [H2SO3] Vs PH
Log [SO3] Vs PH

-15 Log [HSO3-] Vs PH

-20

-25

PH
 4.- Acido Oxálico
−¿
+¿+ HC 2 O4¿ k1=5.6 X 10
−2
Pk1= 1.25 CT=0.7
H 2C2O 4↔ H ¿
−¿
+¿+C 2 O¿4
−¿ ↔ H ¿ k2=5.2 X 5 Pk2= 4.28
HC 2 O¿4

PH [H+] [H2C2O4] [C2O4-] [HC2O4-] SUMA Log [H2C2O4] Log [C2O4-] Log [HC2O4-]
0 1 0.66287696 1.9303E-06 0.03712111 0.7 -0.178567076 -5.71437571 -1.430379049
1 0.1 0.448634204 0.00013064 0.25123515 0.7 -0.348107619 -3.88391625 -0.599919592
2 0.01 0.105594709 0.00307492 0.59133037 0.7 -0.976357841 -2.51216647 -0.228169814
3 0.001 0.011683803 0.03402323 0.65429296 0.7 -1.932415778 -1.46822441 -0.184227751
4 0.0001 0.000821403 0.23919268 0.45998592 0.7 -3.08544349 -0.62125212 -0.337255463
5 0.00001 2.01607E-05 0.58707987 0.11289997 0.7 -4.695494185 -0.23130281 -0.947306158
6 0.000001 2.35849E-07 0.68679222 0.01320754 0.7 -6.627366003 -0.16317463 -1.879177976
7 0.0000001 2.39923E-09 0.69865643 0.00134357 0.7 -8.619927712 -0.15573634 -2.871739685
8 0.00000001 2.40338E-11 0.69986541 0.00013459 0.7 -10.61917684 -0.15498547 -3.870988814
0.00000000
9 1 2.4038E-13 0.69998654 1.3461E-05 0.7 -12.61910168 -0.15491031 -4.870913655
10 1E-10 2.40384E-15 0.69999865 1.3462E-06 0.7 -14.61909417 -0.1549028 -5.870906139
11 1E-11 2.40385E-17 0.69999987 1.3462E-07 0.7 -16.61909341 -0.15490204 -6.870905387
12 1E-12 2.40385E-19 0.69999999 1.3462E-08 0.7 -18.61909334 -0.15490197 -7.870905311
13 1E-13 2.40385E-21 0.7 1.3462E-09 0.7 -20.61909333 -0.15490196 -8.870905301
14 1E-14 2.40385E-23 0.7 1.3462E-10 0.7 -22.61909333 -0.15490196 -9.870905157
 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-5

-10
Log [Conc.]

-15

-20

-25

PH

Log [H2C2O4] VS PH Log [C2O4-] Vs PH Log [HC2O4-] Vs PH