Pilots Handbook

Sierra LSA Pilot's Handbook Version 1.
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing this aircraft. I have spent many hundreds of hours working on this aircraft
and have tried to make the best possible model within the limits of my own abilities and the
limitations of FSX. I hope you enjoy flying the Sierra.
The Sierra is a sleek lightweight 2 seater modern aircraft constructed in Italy from aluminium
sheeting over a steel frame. The aircraft uses the 100hp Rotax 912 engine and will happily cruise
at over 110kts. Even though the aircraft is not cleared for aerobatics it still displays stable, agile
handling, crisp control response and excellent take off and climb rate performance.
Primarily designed as a trainer in the new light sport aircraft category it also makes a good cross
country tourer with a range of over 600NM.
System Requirements
- Microsoft's Flight Simulator X SP2, Acceleration or Gold (FSX) or
- Lockheed Martin's Prepar3D Version 2 or higher (P3D)
Support
If you are having problems with the operation of the aircraft please email me at
support@antsairplanes.com. Problems with downloading the package should be directed to the
retailer as they are responsible for delivery of the download.
Quick Start
For those people who like to dive right in there is a quick start guide which covers the basics of
flying this aircraft. The Quick Start is also available in the FSX kneeboard reference page.
Installation
This aircraft is designed for Microsoft's Flight Simulator X and Lockheed Martin's Prepar3D Version
Ant's Airplanes 1
Sierra LSA Pilot's Handbook Version 1.4
2.x. Installation is handled by an installer program which places the files into the correct location.
Simply click on the installer to start the process. The installer will read ask which version you wish
to install. To install to both FSX and P3D you will need to run the installer twice.
If you have installed the demo Sierra LSA it is recommended that you uninstall the demo first.
Upgrading from early versions to version 1.4

The AntsSierraV140.exe installer will overwrite the files in earlier versions so there is no need to
uninstall the earlier version. However, make a backup of your aircraft.cfg file if you have added any
repaints as this file will be overwritten. After you have installed version 1.4 you can copy the fltsim
entries from your backup to the new aircraft.cfg file. Any repaint textures you may have added
should not be affected by installing 1.4 and repaints made for early versions are compatible with
version 1.4.
Prepar3D notes
The P3D version of the Sierra is only compatible with P3D Version 2 or higher. The P3D version is
not compatible with P3D Version 1.4 or earlier or FSX. Users of P3D version 1.4 or earlier can
install the FSX version into P3D by changing the FSX installation directory during the installation
process. No guarantee or support can be provided for the FSX version running under P3D version
1.4 or earlier.
Features
- Smooth 3D gauges.
- Custom made radios.
- Bump and specular mapped textures.
- Custom engine management and startup.
- 10 liveries included.
- Genuine engine sounds.
- Switchable wheel covers and nose wheel fairing.
- Animations for tiedowns, wheel chocks and pitot covers.
- Special model for RealityXP GPS compatibility (both 430 and 530). Note RXP GPS is a separate
product available from www.realityxp.com and is not included with the Sierra LSA. At the time of
writing the RXP GPS is not compatible with P3D.
Things to know
Before we get too far into this manual I will list some of the items unique to this aircraft that may
cause some confusion.
There are no mixture or prop controls. The engine features constant depression carburetors that
automatically adjust for density altitude and the prop is a fixed pitch prop.
Stop the engine by turning off both ignition switches.
There is no generator switch. The generator light comes on in the event of a failure or if the engine
is not running.
There is no differential braking. The brakes are operated by a lever on the centre console (you can
still use toe brake pedals to apply the brakes in FSX).
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Yes, the engine does rev that high. The engine has a maximum rpm of 5800 and uses a 2.428 gear
reduction before going to the prop.
Flaps in the real aircraft are continuously variable. FSX doesn't handle continuously variable flaps
so, as a compromise, the model has been set up to increment the flaps by steps of 5 degrees.
Demo Limitations
If you are using the demo the following limitations are placed on the model. Purchasing the full
version will obviously fix these limitations.
- Demo written in inconvenient places
- Propeller does not rotate
- Only one livery (full version includes 13 liveries)
The demo should provide a good representation of the performance and framerates you would get
from the full version.
What's new in Version 1.1

- Fixed bug where animations could get confused under certain circumstances.
- Fixed direction of elevator trim tab and elevator animation.
- Fixed night lighting on altitude Kohlsman dial.
- Added CRSR clickpoint to the GPS.
- Improved flap lever animation.
- Added method to allow user to set animations on loading aircraft.
- Included alternative textures for VC glass for those that prefer less reflections.

- New custom 296 GPS gauge.
- New Trutrak autopilot.
- Reworked lighting system for gauges and panel.
- Hot switchable RPM gauge (displays either engine RPM or prop RPM).
- Hot switchable airspeed gauge (displays either Knots or km/h).
- New Sierra Setup program to set user preferences.
- Adjusted animation range of ailerons and rudder.
- 3 new liveries.

- New Lotus style landing lights.
- New realistic prop torque effects
- New Animation Manager with in game saving of settings (no need to use separate Sierra Setup
program)
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- Fixed Hobbs meter display in RXP version.

- Improved whiskey compass bank animation
- Reworked LOD models

- Animation Manager updated to allow weight and fuel changes in game
- Prepar3D V2 version
- General code cleaning
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Selecting the Sierra

Once the aircraft has been installed start FSX and click on Free Flight. Click on Change... under
Current Aircraft. Ensure Show all variations is ticked. The Sierra will appear as "Tecnam P2002
Sierra". If you are using the filters at the top of the Select Aircraft screen the Aircraft manufacturer
is Tecnam, the Publisher is Ant's Airplanes and the Aircraft Type is Single Engine Prop.
If the aircraft name starts with Style 1, Style 2 or Style 3 it means this aircraft allows you to change
the registration number displayed on the sides of the aircraft by changing the Tail number under
"Details". This allows you to easily customise your aircraft to your personal registration and works
in exactly the same way as the default aircraft.
If the aircraft name has a registration number as part of the name of the aircraft then you cannot
change the registration number as it is fixed as part of the aircraft texture (refer to the Customising
the Sierra section for information on how to customise aircraft paints).
Each variation may also include RXP as part of the name. They will also have a GPS graphic in the
lower right of the thumbnail picture. If you have the Reality XP GNS WAAS 530 GPS then
selecting this aircraft will use a radio stack with the Reality XP GPS in it. Note that the Reality XP
GPS is not included in this package and must be purchased separately. Refer to the Modifying the
Panel section for information on how to customise this model if you would like to use other avionics
gauges.
On the following pages are some pictures of the aircraft repaints available.
Version 1.2 includes an additional 3 repaints which were previously available as separate
downloads. The 3 new repaints are VH-JFO, ProSky and ZK-ROZ
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Style 1 available in two colour schemes, red and blue (as shown) or blue and grey. The registration
number can be changed on these paints.
Style 2 is only available in this red and gold scheme. The registration number can be changed on
this paint.
Style 3 is available in blue and grey (as shown) or a blue scheme. The registration number can be
changed on these paints.
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24-5395 is a fictional repaint. Greg from Airsport QLD flying school at Boonah, Queensland was
kind enough to let me record the engine sounds from one of his Tecnam's and in return I have
repainted the Sierra in Airsport colours that are flown by his Tecnam Golf (a similar aircraft to the
Sierra). The registration number is fixed on this repaint.
24-5239 is an Australian recreational aviation registered aircraft also based at Boonah. The
registration number is fixed on this repaint.
ZK-NPS is a NZ registered aircraft based at Ardmore. The registration number is fixed on this
repaint.
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A UK registered aircraft which I thought looked rather nice. The registration number is fixed on this
repaint.
Fuel and Payload

The Sierra has an unloaded weight of 331 kgs (730 lbs) and a maximum weight of 598 kgs (1335
lbs).
The Sierra has two fuel tanks located within the leading edge of each wing. Each tank holds 50
litres (13.1 gallons) of fuel for a total fuel capacity of 100 litres (26.2 gallons). Note that only 99.2
litres (26 gallons) of fuel is useable.
Baggage is stored behind the seats along with the fire extinguisher and first aid kit. If you set the
baggage to more than 0 and less than 20 pounds one small bag will appear here. If you set the
baggage load to more than 20 pounds a second, larger bag will appear.
If you set the passenger weight to be more than 0 then a passenger will appear in the aircraft. You
can show or hide the passenger by using the Animation Manager (shift+3).
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The Virtual Cockpit

The Sierra features a fully 3D virtual cockpit with smooth 3D gauges. As these gauges are an
integral part of the 3D model there is no 2D panel available for this aircraft.
Interaction with the various gauges, knobs and buttons is done via mouse. Switches are simply
activated by left clicking on the switch. Knobs are turned by holding down the left mouse button
and dragging either left or right. You can also turn knobs by using the mouse scroll wheel.
The Sierra features rain effects on the windows. If it is raining in the FSX world then you should
see rain drops falling on the canopy and windows. These effects will also appear if you use the
external views.
Map and Kneeboard

In the left side pocket there is a map and notepad. Clicking on the map will display the FSX map
while clicking on the notepad will display the FSX kneeboard where you can find a copy of the
checklists and the Quick Start guide.
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Trim
The trim indicator displays the setting
of the elevator trim. The elevator trim
is controlled by two buttons on the top
of each joystick (or via FSX key
commands). The TRIM SWITCH
determines which set of buttons
controls the trim.
Setting the TRIM SWITCH to LH
means the left hand joystick buttons
will control trim while setting the switch
to RH means the right hand joystick
buttons will control trim. Because the
trim is electronically controlled these
buttons will not work if there is no
power on the main electrical bus.
Note that the real Sierra only has
elevator trim.
RPM
Displays the engine RPM. The Rotax engine is a high revving engine with a max rating of 5800
rpm. With the propeller fitted to this aircraft you will typically achieve around 5250 rpm with full
throttle. The engine includes a gear reduction box which reduces the propeller rpm by a factor of
2.42. Therefore, if you have the engine rpm set at 5000 rpm (typical cruise) the propeller will be
turning at around 2060 rpm.
Airspeed
Displays the aircraft airspeed in knots. The white arc is the flap operating range. The green arc is
the normal operating range. In the yellow arc operations must be conducted with caution and only
in smooth air. The red line is the maximum speed for all operations.
Attitude
Displays an artificial horizon as well as the pitch of the aircraft. Use the knob to calibrate the
attitude bars.
Altimeter
Displays the aircraft altitude in feet. Use the knob to adjust the barometer settings which are
displayed in millibars on the left and in Hg on the right.
Turn/Slip
The aircraft indicates the rate of turn of the aircraft. A skidding aircraft is indicated by the ball
moving off center. Note that the aircraft indicator is not an artificial horizon indicator.
Directional Gyro
Displays the aircraft heading. This is a vacuum gyro instrument and is therefore susceptible to gyro
drift. Cross check with the compass heading and use the knob to adjust any drift if necessary.
Vertical Speed (VSI)

Shows the rate of the climb in hundreds of feet per minute.
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Throttle
There are two throttles fitted to this aircraft and you may use either one depending upon which free
hand you have. Push the throttle in to increase the engine rpm and pull out to reduce. The throttles
are linked so pushing one will also move the other.
Emergency Locater Transmitter (ELT)

In case of emergency you may employ the ELT. The ELT will
send a signal which will signal to rescue services that you are
in distress. Rescue services can then use the signal to locate
your aircraft. Pressing the left side of the switch will turn on the
ELT. The light will flash every second indicating that the ELT is
working. To cancel the signal press the right side of the switch
twice. To reset the ELT click the left side of the switch so that
neither side is pressed. This is the normal state of the switch.
Pressing the right side of the switch will put the ELT into self test mode. This will be indicated by a
flash of the light and then approximately 10 seconds later the light will flash again indicating the
test has completed. Press the left side of the switch so neither side is pressed to reset the ELT.
If you have a severe collision with excessive G-forces then the ELT will automatically trigger. To
cancel any false signal press the right side of the switch twice.
Air Vents
The air vents on either side of the panel allow fresh air into the cockpit. Grabbing the various parts
of the air vents with the mouse and dragging allows you to adjust the air vents. You can open and
close the vents as well as rotate the vents be grabbing various parts of the vents. This has no
effect on FSX performance.
Cabin Heat
Pull out to adjust the amount of warm air in the cabin. Push in all the way to have no cabin heating.
This has no effect on FSX performance.
Fuel Pump
The fuel pump is an auxiliary pump. The aircraft includes an engine driven main pump which
pumps fuel to the engine during normal operation.
Ignition Switches
Turn off both switches to stop the engine. These switches need to be on when starting the engine
and during normal operation.
Master Switch
The master switch is a combined battery and starter. Clicking on the switch with the left mouse
button will toggle between having the battery on or off. Clicking with the right mouse button will
operate the starter.
Choke
Use the choke in very cold conditions when starting the engine. If the air temperature is below 8
deg celsius and the engine will not start you should push choke in and then try starting the engine
again. Remember to pull the choke back out when the engine is running to avoid overheating the
engine.
Carb. Heat
Pull out to apply carburettor heat to the engine.
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Throttle Friction
Turn the lever left or right to control the amount of force needed to move the throttle levers (this
has no effect in FSX).
Flap Lever
The real Sierra's flaps are continuously variable but FSX doesn't really handle continuously
variable flaps. I have therefore set up the aircraft so that each click on the flaps lever will move the
flaps by 5 degrees. It seems like a reasonable compromise to me and one used by other
developers. Typical flap settings are 15 degrees for take off and 40 (full flaps) for landing.
Light Switches
These switches control the external lights as well as the avionics master bus and instrument lights.
The landing light is located on the left wing. The strobes are located on each wing tip and on top of
the rudder. The nav light switch controls the red navigation light on the left wing tip, the green light
on the right wing tip and the white light on the back of the rudder.
The avionics switch turns on and off the avionics bus. Turning this off will turn off the clock, gps,
comms radio and transponder. The instr switch turns on and off the gauge lighting.
Generator Light
The generator light indicates if there is no power from the generator. There is no separate switch to
control the generator as in older aircraft. It is always on. The generator switch will light up if the
master switch is on but the engine is not running.
Clock
The clock operates as either a standard 24hr clock or
timer. Press the mode button to switch between clock and
timer modes. In clock mode pressing the DT/AV button
will switch between displaying the local time and the day
and month.
In timer mode pressing the DT/AV button will start and
stop the timer. Press the SET/RST button to reset the
timer to zero. The timer will count minutes and seconds
for the first hour. It will then count hours and minutes.
Autopilot
The autopilot is based on the Trutrak DigiflightII autopilot. Right click on the knob to turn the
autopilot on and off. Refer to the "Operating the autopilot" section for more information on how to
operate the autopilot.
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GPS
The new GPS in version 1.2 is based on a Garmin 296. Click on the display of the GPS to open the
2D panel popup of the GPS. To close the 2D panel popup click on the GPSmap 296 in the top left
of 2D panel GPS or click on the display of the GPS in the VC. Refer to the "Operating the GPS"
section for more information on how to use this unit.
Audio Panel
This has no effect in FSX.
Comms Radio
The comms radio has an active and standby channel. Frequency for the standby channel (which is
displayed on the right of the screen) is set by rotating the knobs on the right of the radio. The large
knob changes the whole numbers while the small knob changes the fractions. Switch the standby
and active frequencies (the active is on the left of the screen) with the flipflop button on the left of
the unit. The radio can be turned on and off by rotating the volume knob.
Transponder
Use the knobs to adjust the transponder code. The selector knob on the right of the unit allows you
to set transmit mode as well as turn the unit off. If the unit is ON or in ALT mode then the ident light
will flash every 10 seconds or so to indicate that activity is happening.
Flaps Indicator
Indicates the position of the flaps. Markings are for 0 (normal), 15 (take off) and 40 (landing)
degrees.
Cylinder Head Temperature

Temperature is in degrees Celsius. Green shows the normal operating range, yellow caution and
red lines show limits.
Engine Oil Temperature

Engine Oil Pressure

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Fuel Tank Levels

Displays the amount of fuel in the left and right tanks which are located in the wing's leading edge.
Each tank holds 50 litres (13.2 gal) with 49.5 litres (13.07 gal) useable. Ensure the wings are level
to get an accurate reading.
Battery Voltage
Indicates the voltage on the main bus with the normal range from 12 to 14 volts. If the generator is
working you should have 13.5 volts displayed. If there is less than that displayed it indicates that
you are using battery voltage only.
Fuel Pressure
Shows the fuel pressure. This gauge is directly connected to the fuel system and is not electric.
Typical fuel pressure should be around 0.3 bar.
Hobbs Meter
Displays the total number of hours the engine has been running for.
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Fuel Levers
The fuel levers control the fuel flow from each of the wing
tanks. The left lever controls the flow from the left wing tank
and ... well I guess you can figure out what the right lever
does. In normal flight both levers should be ON as shown
in the picture.
If the level in one tank is higher than in the other you can
balance the tanks by turning off the fuel lever for the higher
tank. When both tanks are level again turn both levers ON.
You should always have at least one fuel lever ON when
the aircraft is in flight.
Brake
The Sierra uses a hand brake rather than the toe brakes
you usually find in most aircraft. Pull back on the lever to
apply the brakes. The brakes are applied evenly to both
wheels so there is no differential braking in the Sierra.
As trying to pull a lever with the mouse and control the
airplane at the same time can be rather difficult in FSX you
can use standard key, joystick or rudder pedal controls to
work the brakes.
Parking Brake
In the real Sierra you apply the parking brake by pulling
back the hand brake lever and then turning the Parking
Brake lever to the ON position. The hand brake is then held
in place. In the FSX aircraft applying the parking brake will
pull back the Brake Lever automatically.
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Reality XP Radio Stack

If you have selected to fly one of
the RXP versions and you have
the Reality XP 530 GPS installed
(available separately) then the
radio stack will look like the
picture on the right. From the top
is the audio panel, the GPS, the
SL-30 comms/nav radio and the
Transponder. All of these
gauges, apart from the SL-30, is
supplied in the Reality XP 530
GPS package and you should
refer to the manuals from Reality
XP on how to use these items.
The SL-30 is included in the
Sierra package and is a
combined Communications and
Navigation radio. The real SL-30
is a very complex instrument and
not all of the functions have been
modeled in this version.
In addition to the Coms and Nav
functions the radio will also act
as a Course Deviation Indicator.
To turn on the radio click on the
left knob. The flip flop switch will
transfer the active and standby
frequencies.
The Com button will place the
radio into com mode and the
active and standby comms
frequencies will be displayed.
The standby frequency can be changed clicking on the large outer knob and small inner knob
located on the far right of the radio.
The Nav button will place the radio into nav mode and the active and standby nav frequencies will
be displayed on the screen. Use the knobs to adjust the standby frequency.
The OBS button allows you to change the OBS course heading. The right of the display shows a
graphic CDI. The aircraft in the centre of the display points up in the To condition and down in the
From condition. The bars indicate the deviation from the course with each bar representing 1
degree of deviation. If there is no active signal then the display will show "flagged". If the active nav
frequency is an ILS localizer then the OBS heading will change to "loc" and the radio will
automatically tune to the correct course for the ILS course.
P3D NOTE: At the time of writing the RealityXP GPS appears to be incompatible with P3D. The
RXP model in the Prepar3D version of the Sierra is therefore setup to display the default 530 GPS.
NOTE: The RXP 530 GPS CDI (the button on the far left under the display) is used to switch
between NAV (VLOC) and GPS modes. The SL30 graphic CDI will display the deviation from the
VOR/Localizer or GPS course deviation depending on the CDI mode set in the RXP 530 GPS. If
Ant's Airplanes 16
the RXP 530 GPS is set to GPS and there is no valid flight plan then "flagged" will be displayed.
The T/F button will switch the radio to show the current radial. The OBS heading will change to
display "vor". Pressing the T/F button again will switch between showing the To radial and the From
radial. This button will not work if the nav is tuned to a localizer. If there is no valid signal then the
radial will be dashed.
NOTE: The T/F display will only work if the RXP 530 GPS CDI (the button on the far left under the
display) is set to VLOC. If it is set to GPS then "---" will be displayed as the heading.
The RXP panel also includes an additional Course Deviation
Indicator (CDI) gauge which fills the blank hole directly below the
clock. The CDI will display horizontal deviation as well as vertical
deviation (glideslope) and will allow you to perform ILS
approaches.
The CDI will display whether it is NAV/VLOC or GPS mode. This
mode reflects the CDI setting in the RXP GPS. Note, there is no
other NAV/GPS switch in the cockpit. If you are not using the RXP
GPS you must use a key command to switch between NAV/GPS
modes.
The CDI is not included in the normal panel as there is no NAV
radio in that aircraft (and very few real world Sierras have CDI
gauges).
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Animation Manager
Version 1.3 introduces a new Animation Manager which now incorporates the functions of the
separate Sierra Setup Program. The Sierra Setup Program is no longer included. If you have
upgraded from an earlier version to Version 1.4 you may still have the Sierra Setup Program
installed but is recommended that you no longer use it as the files it generates are not completely
compatible with the new Animation Manager.
Version 1.4 updates the weight and fuel settings so there should beto be
The Animation Manager is a 2D pop up screen which you select by pressing Shift+3. You can use
the animation manager to show or hide various parts of the aircraft. In addition you can alter
various aircraft preferences.
Normal Settings
These items control the visibility of the pilot and passenger in addition to a handful of other
preferences. Your preferences for these items are saved when you click on SAVE THESE
SETTINGS.
Animations (not saved)
Items such as the wheel covers, chocks, tiedowns etc are able to be hidden or displayed here.
These items are not saved as part of your preferences.
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Cold and Dark Settings

These items are applied only when you load the aircraft and the master switch is off, the parking
brake is on and the aircraft is on the ground. If you save a flight with these items set it will be
assumed that the aircraft is parked. The next time you load the flight the Cold and Dark settings will
be applied. By default the pilot and passenger will not be visible and the chocks, tiedowns and pitot
tube cover will be visible which is exactly how you would expect to find a parked aircraft.
SAVE THESE SETTINGS
Click on this button to write the settings to files. The following things will happen when
- A new p2002_initialise.xml file will be created based on your settings
- The weights will be written into the aircraft.cfg file (you will need to reload the aircraft or restart
FSX to see these changes take affect).
- If you have selected the default, RXP530 or RXP430 panel then the selected panel file will
overwrite the existing panel.cfg. (you will need to reload the aircraft or restart FSX to see these
changes take affect).
- The selected windows textures will be copied to the texture folder overwriting the current window
textures (you will need to restart FSX to see these changes take affect).
LOAD CURRENT SETTINGS
Click on this button to load your saved preferences. You should use this button if you have made
some changes to the settings and would like to reset them to your prefered values.
RESET TO DEFAULT
Click on this button to restore the settings to the default values. You will need to click on SAVE
THESE SETTINGS to make the change permanent.
Air Vents
The settings for the air vents found on the far left and right of the panel.
RXP version
Use this setting to control how the radio stack appears in the virtual cockpit of the RXP version. By
default the RXP version is set to display the RealityXP 530 GPS (the RealityXP GPS is not
included with the Sierra. In the P3D version the Sierra is set to use the default 530 GPS as the
RXP GPS appears to be not compatible with P3D). If you don't have the RealityXP 530 GPS then
you can change the radio stack to display either the RealityXP 430 GPS (the RealityXP GPS is not
included with the Sierra) or the default FSX 530 GPS. If you have made some of your own custom
changes to the radio stack then select the "Custom panel" option to avoid having your changes
overwritten.
NOTE: You will need to click the MAKE FSX RELOAD AIRCRAFT or restart FSX to see any
changes you make to the RXP version.
Window reflections
Allows you to control how much reflections are in the interior windows and gauge glass. Default
shows the maximum amount of reflections, Medium reduces the amount of reflections and Clear
will remove the reflections.
NOTE: You will need to restart FSX to see any change in the windows reflections
Weight
Allows you to set the Pilot, Passenger and Baggage weights (these are saved to the aircraft.cfg
file). Due to the nature of FSX the fuel % cannot be saved. With Version 1.4 the Animation
Ant's Airplanes 19
Manager will now set the aircraft fuel and weight in game so there is no need to use the default
FSX payload editor.
If you make a change to the fuel setting then fuel will be evenly distributed to both wing tanks. If
you prefer to have a fuel inbalance then use the FSX payload editor to change the fuel settings.
MAKE FSX RELOAD AIRCRAFT button
This will force FSX to reload the aircraft. Note that this will reset many of the functions of the
aircraft.
If you change the Realistic Prop Torque, Window Reflections or RXP Version you will receive a
message "SAVE and RELOAD required". This means you must SAVE your settings and then
reload the aircraft before the change will take effect.
NOTE: Using MAKE FSX RELOAD AIRCRAFT can cause FSX to crash or exhibit peculair sound
behaviour. It is not the most stable of functions and if you have a lot of addons running this may
increase the risk of crashing. If in doubt you can SAVE your settings, quit FSX and restart FSX.
Ant's Airplanes 20
Operating the autopilot

The autopilot is a simple unit with only three
controls but it still controls the pitch and heading of
the aircraft. The avionics master switch must be on
to provide power to the autopilot.
MODE BUTTON selects the lateral mode.
VALUE KNOB adjusts the selected values. Left
click and drag left or right to rotate the knob. Right
clicking on the knob engages or disengages the
autopilot.
ALT BUTTON selects the vertical mode.
The autopilot will provide lateral guidance following
either a programmed heading or a GPS track.
Vertical guidance consists of either an altitude hold
function or a fixed rate of climb or descent. The
autopilot will not follow a nav radial (such as a
VOR) or a glideslope.
When power is first applied the autopilot will go through a startup routine. When the autopilot is
ready "AP OFF" will be displayed.
Engage and disengage the autopilot by right clicking on the VALUE KNOB. When the autopilot is
engaged the autopilot will continue to track the aircraft's current heading and vertical speed. If the
vertical speed is -100/+100 fpm then the autopilot will go into altitude hold mode.
To change the course ensure the SEL value is underlined by pressing the MODE BUTTON. Use
the knob to change the course.
To change the vertical speed ensure the SVS value is underlined by pressing the ALT BUTTON.
Use the knob to change the vertical speed. The aircraft will continue climbing or descending at the
rate selected. The pilot should monitor the aircraft's airspeed to ensure the aircraft does not stall or
overspeed.
Ant's Airplanes 21
To enter Altitude hold mode press the ALT key to underline the SVS value. Press ALT a second
time and Altitude hold mode will be engaged. (note: FSX may take a few seconds to enter Altitude
hold mode as the altitude is rounded off to the nearest 100 ft).
Pressing MODE BUTTON while SEL value is underlined will switch the autopilot to track the GPS
course. Pressing the MODE BUTTON again will disengage the GPS mode. Note: If you are using
the RXP model and have one of the RealityXP GPS units then pressing the MODE BUTTON may
not work. In this case use the CDI button on the RealityXP GPS unit to switch modes.
Ant's Airplanes 22
Operating the GPS

The GPS is based on a Garmin 296 portable aviation receiver.
This is not a 100% accurate simulation of the real world unit. The real unit is a very complex device
with many options and settings. Having said that this unit does pretty much everything that the
default GPS units do (and one or two things that they don't). This GPS uses the FSX gps.dll
module (just like the default 295 and 500 GPS units) and is therefore subject to some of the same
limitations as the default GPS units.
Clicking on the display will bring up a 2D popup of the GPS. Clicking on the GPSmap 296 area in
the top left of the 2D popup will close it again. The ROCKER switch is used to move the cursor and
change highlighted fields.
Turning on the GPS

If the aircraft loads with power supplied to the GPS then the unit will already be running. Otherwise,
ensure the Master Switch/Battery and Avionics Switch are both on. Press the POWER button. A
warning screen will display, press ENTER to accept the conditions of use of the GPS.
The satellite acquisition screen will display and after about 10 seconds your position will be
displayed. Press ENTER to finish the startup.
Turning the GPS off

Press the POWER button and the GPS will turn off.
Ant's Airplanes 23
Page Sequence
The GPS features 4 main pages, Map Page, Panel Page, Active Route Page and Position Data
Page that you can cycle through by pressing the PAGEand QUITbuttons. The unit will start with the
Map Page active.
Creating a Direct To
1. Press the DIRECT TO button to display the Go To
Page. Use the ROCKER to highlight the identifier in
the top line of the display.
2. Press ENTER to start editing the identifier.
3. Use the ROCKER up and down to change the
highlighted letter. Use left and right to move the
cursor. Press ENTER when you have finished editing
the Identifier. If there is more than one matched entry
in the FSX database then a popup will display below
the Identifier listing all the matches. Use the
ROCKER up and down keys to scroll through the list
and press ENTER when you have selected the
particular entry you need.
4. With the on screen Go To button highlighted press ENTER and the GPS will create a course
from your present position to the selected destination.
5. You can use the on screen Show Details button to see further details about your selected
destination if you wish.
Finding a Nearby Point

1. Press the NRST/FIND button to display the
Nearest Pages.
2. Use the ROCKER left and right keys to select the
nearest Airport, VOR, NDB or Intersection list.
3. Use the ROCKER up and down keys to scroll
through the list. The nearest 15 destinations within
200NM are displayed by the GPS.
4. Press ENTER to see the details for the nearest
item you have selected.
5. Press DIRECT TO to create a Direct to flight plan
to the highlighted item.
Ant's Airplanes 24
Selecting an Approach
1. Use the PAGE or QUIT buttons to cycle to the
Active Flight Plan page. The final destination must be
an airport for you to select an approach.
2. Press MENU to display the popup menu and use
the ROCKER to highlight Select Approach. Press
ENTER. You will be taken to the Airport Approach
page.
3. Use the ROCKER to select the desired approach.
A Transition menu will appear if there is more than
one transition. Use the ROCKER to select the desired
transition and press ENTER. The approach name will
be added to the flight plan indicating that the
approach has been loaded but not yet activated.
4. To activate the approach press MENU and use the ROCKER to highlight Activate Approach.
Press ENTER to make the approach active. The Flight Plan Page will now display the Active
Approach (note that the Active Approach cannot display the ETA, this is a limitation of FSX).
5. You can delete the approach or select a new approach by pressing MENU and selecting the
options in the MENU popup on the Flight Plan Page.
Map Page
The Map Page displays a real time moving map.
Using the IN and OUT keys you can adjust the zoom
of the map. The map operates in either of two modes,
location mode and pan mode. Location mode is
centred on your aircraft position while pan mode
allows you to move the position of the map so you
can examine areas along your flight plan if you wish.
Use the ROCKER to enter pan mode and pan the
map. Pressing QUIT while in pan mode will switch
back to Location mode.
The Map Page will display your current ground
speed, track, distance to next waypoint, next
waypoint name and ETE of your next waypoint.
A navigation arc (Horizontal Situation Indicator or HSI) appears when in Track Up mode. A
magenta arrow will display the heading to your next waypoint.
Map Orientation
By default the map will be in Track Up mode. Press the MENU button to switch between Track Up
and North Up. Note that the Navigation Arc will only appear in Track Up mode.
Zooming In and Out

Use the IN and OUT keys to change the map scale from 120ft to 800NM. The current range is
displayed in the bottom right of the screen.
Declutter the Map

To declutter the Map Page:
1. Press ENTER to remove airspace boundary detail.
2. Press ENTER again to remove Navaids.
Ant's Airplanes 25
3. Press ENTER again to show all details.
Panning the Map

Press up, down, left or right on the ROCKER to enter
Pan Mode. Use the ROCKER and IN and OUT keys
to pan and zoom around the map. As you move the
map your distance and bearing from your current
location to the point marked on the map will be
displayed in the data window on the top of the
screen.
Press QUIT to finish panning the map and the map
moves back to your present location and returns to
location mode.
If you move over an Airport, VOR, NDB or
Intersection then the name will be displayed in the
data window on the top of the screen. Pressing ENTER will display the Information Page for the
selected item.
Panel Page
The Panel Page shows GPS derived data in a
graphical format similar to an instrument panel. Keep
in mind the differences between this page and your
mechanical instruments. Mainly that the speed shown
is your GPS ground speed.
Active Route Page

This page will display the legs of any flight plan
loaded. As the 296 GPS uses the FSX GPS engine
the 296 GPS will display the flight plan currently
loaded into FSX. You can, if you wish, create a flight
plan from scratch with the 296 GPS. You can also edit
the existing flight plan. You cannot delete all the
waypoints from the flight plan however as this tends
to cause FSX to crash.
Creating a new flight plan

It is recommended that you use the FSX flight planner
to create any new flight plans as the FSX flight
planner will save the flight plan. Although you can
create a flight plan with the GPS it may not save
correctly if you save the flight.
1. With no flight plan currently loaded press ENTER and the Go To Page will be displayed.
Ant's Airplanes 26
2. Press ENTER to start editing the identifier.

3. Use the ROCKER up and down to change the highlighted letter. Use left and right to move the
cursor. Press ENTER when you have finished editing the Identifier. If there is more than one
matched entry in the FSX database then a popup will display below the Identifier listing all the
matches. Use the ROCKER up and down keys to scroll through the list and press ENTER when
you have selected the particular entry you need.
4. With the on screen Go To button highlighted press ENTER and the GPS will add the destination
to the flight plan.
5. Use the ROCKER up and down to select the position to add a new waypoint. If the bottom line is
highlight you can just press ENTER to add another waypoint. Otherwise press MENU and select
Add Waypoint to insert a new waypoint at the highlighted location in the flight plan.
6. You can use the MENU to delete waypoints (you cannot delete all waypoints, one must remain)
or to change the active waypoint.
Position Page
The Position Page displays information about your
current position, time, the nearest airport to your
current location as well as details about your next
waypoint and current speed and altitude. In the top
left of the screen is a compass ribbon with your
current heading under the red vertical bar. A violet bar
indicates the course you should be flying to reach
your next waypoint.
Ant's Airplanes 27
Customising the Sierra

The RXP radio stack
You may like to install your own avionics into the Sierra.
Because the gauges in the standard model are so intertwined
with the 3D model there is a RXP model which has a simple
blank radio stack with no 3D knobs. This allows you to make
changes to the RXP models radio stack to install various
avionics packages.
It is beyond the scope of this document to go into all the details
of how to customise panels but here are a few tips.
Inside the FSX\Simobjects\Airplanes\Ants Tecnam
Sierra\panel.rxp530 folder there are a number of panel.xxx.cfg
files.
FSX will only use the panel.cfg file to display gauges. By default
the panel.cfg file in the panel.rxp530 folder is setup to use the
Reality XP 530 GPS. I have created two other panel.cfg files,
one uses the Reality XP 430 GPS (panel.rxp430.cfg) and the
other uses the default FSX 500 GPS and radio gauges
(panel.default.cfg, see figure on the right).
If you would like to use one off these alternate panels then delete the original panel.cfg, don't worry
there is a panel.rxp530.cfg file which is a copy of the original panel.cfg. Make a copy of the panel
you would like to use and rename it to panel.cfg.
When you restart FSX your new panel should display in the RXP version of the aircraft.
Creating Repaints
It is beyond the scope of this manual to discuss how to create your own repaints. If you are
interested in repainting the Sierra please email me at support@antsairplanes.com and I will
provide you with the download link for the paintkit. The paintkit includes photoshop files with
separate layers. The files can be opened by most programs that open photoshop files. Feel free to
upload any repaints you create to flight sim libraries.
Ant's Airplanes 28
Flying the Sierra

The following procedures have been adapted from the real world procedures and modified for use
in FSX. They should not be used for real world aviation.
Before Start
Ensure that the parking brake is set and that the aircraft has been fueled and loaded for the trip.
Engine Start
Check in all directions that the propeller is clear and that there are no objects or persons in the
vicinity.
Ensure the Master Switch is on and both ignition switches are on. The generator light should come
on and the battery voltage should be around 13 volts.
In cold conditions (less than 8 degrees Celsius) it will be necessary to use the choke. Push the
choke all the way in. In FSX the engine will not start if the choke is not set correctly.
Turn on the Fuel Pump and allow the fuel pressure to build to around 0.3 bar. When the pressure
has built up turn off the Fuel Pump. In FSX the engine will not start if there is no fuel in the fuel
lines (ie fuel pressure is 0).
The pilot should call "CLEAR" before right clicking on the Master Switch. This will activate the
starter motor and the engine should start. If you are using the choke ensure you pull it back out
again after the engine has started. Ensure that the engine parameters are OK before taxiing.
Before Taxi
Ensure the radios are on and set and that the altimeter is set correctly for the airport altitude. Make
sure the engine RPM is at idle to prevent the aircraft lurching forward. Now release the parking
brake.
Taxiing
Control the taxi speed with the throttle and not just the brakes. Remember that this aircraft does
not have differential braking so steering is done with the rudder pedals which are directly linked to
the nosewheel.
Before Takeoff Checks

Make sure the parking brake is on and that your prop wash is clear. Try to turn the airplane into the
wind to aid in cooling. It is very easy to overheat the engine and cause engine failure if you run the
engine at high RPM on the ground.
Increase the RPM's to 4000. Check the ignition system by turning of the left ignition switch. RPM
drop should not be more than 300rpm. Turn the left ignition switch back on and then repeat with
the right ignition switch.
Reduce throttle to idle.
Set flaps to 15 degrees for takeoff.
Takeoff and Climb

When you have take off clearance or have made the necessary radio calls centre the airplane on
the runway centreline. Slowly feed in full throttle (5200rpm). You should apply some right rudder to
overcome the torque from the engine and keep the aircraft straight. Rotate at 55 knots and climb
out at 60-80 kts. At 300' AGL you can raise the flaps and lower the nose to a climb attitude.
For a fully loaded aircraft you can expect to climb at 70 kts at 900fpm. With only the pilot and a
Ant's Airplanes 29
light fuel load you could achieve 1400fpm. Maintain full throttle throughout the climb.
Cruise
Once at cruise height level off the airplane and adjust the power for cruise (5000rpm). The airplane
flies with a slight nose down attitude and you need a bit of down trim to maintain level flight. Check
your fuel balance to ensure both tanks are draining evenly. Shut off the fuel selector for the lower
tank if necessary. There is no need to lean the engine since it is automatic.
Descent
Plan your descent so you are not running at idle. You do not want to shock cool the engine
especially in cold weather.
Before Landing
Fly the downwind leg at 70 kts. Flaps should not be used above 70 kts. Turn base at 70 kts with 15
degrees of flap. Turn finals at 60 kts with full flap (if necessary).
Landing
Land on the main wheels first. There is never a reason to do a three point landing in a tricycle gear
airplane. Touchdown speed should be around 50kts.
Ant's Airplanes 30
Takeoff Performance
Takeoff distance
Conditions:
Flaps - 15 deg
Full Throttle
Ant's Airplanes 31
Climb Performance
Climb rate in clean configuration
Flaps - 0 deg
Full Throttle
Example (follow the blue line)

Given:
OAT = 17 deg C
Altitude = 5600 ft
Weight = 500 kg (1102 lbs)
Result:
Rate of climb = 793 ft/min
Ant's Airplanes 32
Landing Distances
Landing distance and ground roll
Condition:
Weight = 600kg
Flaps = 40 deg
Engine = idle
Distance over a 50ft obstacle
OAT: ISA -10 deg C
Hp (ft) Total Distance (M) Ground Run (M)
0 239 92
2000 245 98
4000 252 103
6000 260 109
OAT: ISA + 0 deg C
0 243 95
2000 249 101
4000 258 107
6000 265 113
OAT: ISA + 10 deg C
0 247 98
2000 255 104
4000 263 111
6000 271 118
OAT: ISA + 20 deg C
0 250 101
2000 259 108
4000 268 114
6000 277 122
Decrease distances by 10% for each 10kts of headwind.
Increase distances by 20% for each 10kts of tailwind.
Ant's Airplanes 33
Cruise Performance
Maximum takeoff weight = 600kg (1320 lbs)
Fuel tanks 2 x 50 litres (2 x 13.2 gal) less the unusable fuel
Altitude Engine RPM Speed KTAS Consumption Endurance (hrs) Range (Nm)
(Gal/h)
0ft 4600 100 4 6.5 650
5000 106 4.8 5.5 583
5200 113 5.3 4.9 553
2000 4600 102 4 6.5 663
5000 108 4.8 5.5 594
5200 114 5.2 5.0 570
4000 4600 106 4 6.5 689
5000 108 4.5 5.8 626
5200 114 4.9 5.3 604
6000 5000 107 4 6.5 695
5200 109 4.5 5.8 632
8000 5150 108 4 6.5 702
5200 110 4.3 6.0 660
10000 5200 108 4 6.5 702
12000 5200 104 3.7 7.0 728
Ant's Airplanes 34
Normal Checklists
The following procedures have been adapted from the real world procedures and modified for use
in FSX. They should not be used for real world aviation.
Before Starting
Parking Brake SET
Flight Controls CHECK
Throttle IDLE
Master Switch ON
Generator Light ON
Trim Control CENTRED
Trim Switch LEFT
Fuel Quantity CHECK
Master Switch OFF
Canopy CLOSED AND LOCKED
Startup
Brakes SET
Master Switch ON
Fuel Selector Valves BOTH ON
Electric Fuel Pump ON until pressure reads 0.3 bar
Electric Fuel Pump OFF
Throttle IDLE
Choke ON if air temperature is below 8 deg C
Ignition Switches BOTH ON
Master Switch START use right mouse click
Engine Instruments CHECK
Choke OFF
Engine rpm 2000-2500rpm
Fuel Pressure CHECK
Before Take-off
Parking Brake ON
Altimeter SET
Radio and Avionics ON
Engine Instruments
Oil Temperature 90-110 deg C
Ant's Airplanes 35
Cylinder Head Temperature 90-135 deg C

Oil Pressure 2-5 bar
Fuel Pressure 0.15-0.40 bar
Generator Light OFF
Throttle 4000rpm
To test ignition systems
Maximum RPM drop with only one ignition 300rpm
Throttle IDLE
Fuel Selectors BOTH ON
Flaps 15 degrees take off setting
Trim CENTRE
Transponder ALT
Takeoff and Climb

Parking Brake OFF
Carburetor heat OFF
Throttle FULL (5200 rpm)
Vr (Rotation Speed) 48 KIAS
Climb at 60 knots with 15 deg flaps
Above 300' AGL
Flaps RETRACT
Establish Vy clean 68 KIAS
Trim ADJUST
Cruise Climb 70 - 80 KNOTS
Cruise
Throttle 5000 rpm
Engine Instruments CHECK WITHIN RANGES
Normal position of the fuel selectors is both on. Check fuel balance and if necessary shut off the
higher reading tank using the appropriate fuel shutoff valve until tanks are balanced. Be sure that
one tank is feeding the engine at all times.
Before Landing
Electric Fuel Pump ON
Landing Light ON
Downwind 70 KIAS
Base 70 KIAS with 15 deg flaps
Ant's Airplanes 36
Finals 60 KIAS with full flap (if necessary)

Optimal Touchdown Speed (full flaps) 40 KIAS
After Landing
Flaps RETRACT
Transponder STANDBY
Engine Shut Down

Electrical Equipment OFF
Ignition Switches BOTH OFF
Lights OFF
Master Switch OFF
Fuel Valves BOTH OFF
Parking Brake SET
Chocks INSTALL (Shift+3)
Parking Brake OFF
Post Flight Check

Pitot Tube Cover INSTALL (Shift+3)
Aircraft TIED DOWN (Shift+3)
Canopy CLOSED
Ant's Airplanes 37
Emergency Procedures
Engine failure during takeoff run
Throttle IDLE
Brakes APPLY AS NEEDED
Ignition Switches OFF
Master Switch OFF
When the aircraft is under control
Fuel Selector Valves OFF
Engine failure immediately after takeoff

Airspeed 60kts
Identify landing area
Flaps AS REQUIRED
Throttle AS REQUIRED
At touch down
Master Switch OFF
Irregular Engine RPM

Throttle CHECK
Engine Gauges CHECK
Fuel Quantity Indicators CHECK
Carburetor heat ON
if problem persists
Fuel Selector Valve BOTH ON
if problem persists
LAND ASAP
Low Fuel Pressure

If the fuel pressure indicator falls below 0.15 bar
Fuel Quantity Indicators CHECK
Fuel Selector Valve BOTH ON
if problem persists
Ant's Airplanes 38
LAND ASAP
Low Oil Pressure

Oil temperature CHECK
if the temperature is increasing
If stable with the green arc LAND ASAP
If increasing LAND ASAP and expect engine failure
In-flight Engine Restart

Altitude Preferably below 4000ft
Carburetor heat ON
Fuel Selector Valves BOTH ON
Throttle MIDDLE POSITION
Ignition Switches ON
Master Switch START
Engine Out Glide

Flaps RETRACT
Speed 68 KIAS
Electric equipment OFF
In-flight engine restart If conditions permit, try to restart
Glide ratio is 12.8 therefore with 1000ft of altitude it is possible to cover 2 nautical miles in
zero wind conditions.
Engine Fire while Parked
Master Switch OFF
Parking brake OFF
Escape from aircraft
Engine Fire during Takeoff

Throttle IDLE
Brakes AS NEEDED
with the airplane under control
Cabin heating OFF
Ant's Airplanes 39
Master Switch OFF

Parking brake OFF
Escape from aircraft
Engine Fire in-Flight

Cabin heat OFF
Throttle FULL IN until the engine stops
Cabin Vents OPEN
Do not attempt an inflight restart
Procedure for forced landing APPLY
Cabin Fire during Flight

Cabin heat OFF
Cabin vents OPEN
Canopy OPEN if necessary
Master Switch OFF
Use fire extinguisher on fire
Procedure for a forced landing APPLY
FSX note:If you use the FSX failures engine to create an engine fire there is no way to extinguish
that fire when using a piston engine. The FSX fire system only works with jet engines and not
piston engines. If you trigger an engine failure due to overheating or an oil system failure then you
may be able to use the fire extinguisher to put out the smoke.
Forced Landing without Engine Power
Establish 68 KIAS
locate suitable landing area AS NEEDED
Safety Belts TIGHTEN
Canopy LOCKED
Flaps AS NECESSARY
Master Switch OFF
Touchdown 48 KIAS
Power-on Forced Landing

Establish DESCENT
Flaps AS NECESSARY
Ant's Airplanes 40
Establish 68 KIAS
select suitable landing area
Safety Belts TIGHTEN
Canopy LOCKED
Flaps AS NECESSARY
Master Switch OFF
Recovery from Unintentional Spin

Power IDLE
Aileron NEUTRAL
Rudder FULL OPPOSITE
Elevator NEUTRAL
Hold until rotation stops
Rudder NEUTRAL
Elevator RECOVER FROM DIVE
FSX Note: The Sierra is not rated to do intentional spins. However, this model will spin if provoked.
To spin the Sierra climb to a safe altitude, reduce throttle to idle, maintain altitude as airspeed
decreases, when the aircraft stalls wait until the nose falls below the horizon, apply full rudder in
the direction of the dropping wing and pull back on control stick, hold for two turns and then slowly
release rudder and control stick to neutral.
Ant's Airplanes 41
FAQs and Known Issues

- Turning off the master switch turns off the Instruments light switch. The FSX gauge backlighting
system is less than perfect and to get the panel lighting working well I have used a few tricks. One
of the effects of this is that turning off the master switch will also turn off the instrument lights
switch.
- There are no shadows in the virtual cockpit. FSX requires the cockpit to have completely closed
geometry to display shadows correctly. In the interests of better frame rates I chose not to make
this model compatible with virtual cockpit shadows.
- Uninstalling the demo version. I advise that you uninstall the demo version before installing the
full version. Use the "Uninstall Ants Sierra" program located in the root FSX folder or accessed via
your Start menu under "Ant's Airplanes". The demo version installs into a separate folder from the
full version. If you do not uninstall the demo before installing the full version you should not
try to uninstall the demo using the uninstall program or start menu option. Doing so will
delete the full version. In this case you should manually uninstall the demo by deleting the "Ants
Sierra LSA Demo" folder from Microsoft Flight Simulator X\SimObjects\Airplanes.
- Cannot see Strobe and Landing Light effects in virtual cockpit. This problem occurs when in
windowed mode (in full screen it seems to be fine) and is due to the FSX clipmode. Because the
airplane is so small the effects are too close to the viewpoint and get clipped by FSX. The fix is to
add "ClipMode = Minimum" to the end of the "Title = Virtual Cockpit" entry in your camera.cfg file.
This file is located in the same folder as your FSX.cfg file.
Installed Files
The following files are installed by this package. No default files are altered or deleted by this
package.
Microsoft Flight Simulator X\Effects
Ants_P2002_Engfail.fx
Ants_P2002_EngineStart.fx
Ants_P2002_Flash.fx
Ants_P2002_Landing2.fx
Ants_P2002_Strobe2.fx
Ants_P2002_tchdrt.fx
Ants_P2002_vclight2.fx
Microsoft Flight Simulator X\SimObjects\Airplanes
Ants Sierra LSA (all files and folders within)
Note: The demo version is installed into a "Ants Sierra LSA Demo" folder.
Microsoft Flight Simulator X\Uninstall Ants Sierra.exe (the uninstall program)
Shortcuts to the Sierra Pilot's Handbook and Sierra Quick Start are placed on your desktop. These
documents are located in the Ants Sierra LSA folder.
Ant's Airplanes is added to your Start menu. You can access the Pilot's Handbook and Quick Start
as well as the uninstall program from here.
Ant's Airplanes 42
Credits
Modeling, sounds, textures, flight dynamics, manuals by Anthony Lynch. Visit my website at
www.antsairplanes.com to download some free scenery and aircraft.
Special thanks to Greg Neale from airsport qld (www.airsportqld.com.au) at Boonah airfield for
allowing me to record the engine sounds of his aircraft. You may download a free copy of Boonah
airfield if you like.
Thanks to Rod Vaughan for the photos he provided of his Sierra and his flying notes.
Thanks to Mark Gamer for taking me for a fly in his Sierra.
Testing by: Rod Vaughan, David Tonks, Mark Gamer, James Turner, Butch, Treetops
Thanks to Dave Nunez for FSDSxTweak.
Thanks to Klotz Karl-Heinz for Aircraft Airfile Manager.
Thanks to all those people who pointed out bugs and typos in version 1.0.
Copyright
This software is protected by copyright laws and cannot be copied, duplicated, resold or
redistributed either wholly or in part. The end user can (and is encouraged to) make backup copies
for personal use.
The author declines any responsibility for damages or loss caused by using this software.
All trademarks and brand names are trademarks and brand names of their respective owners and
their use herein does not represent or imply endorsement by the trademark holders.
This software is designed for entertainment purposes and should not be used for aviation training.
All rights reserved. Copyright 2010 Anthony Lynch / Ant's Airplanes.
Ant's Airplanes 43

Pilots Handbook

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Sierra LSA Pilot's Handbook Version 1.

Upgrading from early versions to version 1.4

What's new in Version 1.1

What's new in Version 1.2

What's new in Version 1.3

- Fixed Hobbs meter display in RXP version.

What's new in Version 1.4

Selecting the Sierra

Fuel and Payload

The Virtual Cockpit

Map and Kneeboard

Vertical Speed (VSI)

Emergency Locater Transmitter (ELT)

Cylinder Head Temperature

Engine Oil Temperature

Engine Oil Pressure

red lines show limits.

Fuel Tank Levels

Reality XP Radio Stack

Cold and Dark Settings

Operating the autopilot

Operating the GPS

Turning on the GPS

Turning the GPS off

Finding a Nearby Point

Zooming In and Out

Declutter the Map

3. Press ENTER again to show all details.

Panning the Map

Active Route Page

Creating a new flight plan

2. Press ENTER to start editing the identifier.

Customising the Sierra

Flying the Sierra

Before Takeoff Checks

Takeoff and Climb

Example (follow the blue line)

0ft 4600 100 4 6.5 650

5000 106 4.8 5.5 583

5200 113 5.3 4.9 553

2000 4600 102 4 6.5 663

5000 108 4.8 5.5 594

5200 114 5.2 5.0 570

4000 4600 106 4 6.5 689

5000 108 4.5 5.8 626

5200 114 4.9 5.3 604

6000 5000 107 4 6.5 695

5200 109 4.5 5.8 632

8000 5150 108 4 6.5 702

5200 110 4.3 6.0 660

10000 5200 108 4 6.5 702

12000 5200 104 3.7 7.0 728

Cylinder Head Temperature 90-135 deg C

Takeoff and Climb

Finals 60 KIAS with full flap (if necessary)

Engine Shut Down

Post Flight Check

Engine failure immediately after takeoff

Irregular Engine RPM

Low Fuel Pressure

Low Oil Pressure

In-flight Engine Restart

Engine Out Glide

Engine Fire during Takeoff