Aircraft

Lighting
Systems Group 12
(12) I kadek Alit Dwika Mahajaya <30420035>
(22) Rosiana Hantoro <30420048>
1.1 AIRCRAFT LIGHTING
● SYSTEMS
the light system on the aircraft is located on the interior and exterior. lights on
the interior be found on instruments, cockpits, cabins, and other sections
occupied by crew-members and passengers. Lights on the exterior be found on
landing at night, inspection of icing conditions, and safety from midair collision.
 

.
 1.2. Control Layout
● External Light In aircraft
 Internal light
Internal lighting
Commercial aircraft have a variety of independent lighting systems that
illuminate the flight deck, instrument panels, passenger cabin, cargo
compartments and more. Interior lights incorporate the use of both
incandescent and fluorescent lights that operate off a variety of AC and DC
electrical buses.
PASSENGER CABIN LIGHTS

Independent lighting systems are used in the passengers cabin. A

combination of incandescent and fluorescent lights in overhead and
window positions provide general illumination. The normally use AC
power. Treshold and doorway entry lights are used as well as a variety
of illuminated information signs. Galley and lavatories have their own
lighting circuits. Overhead passenger service units (PSUs) in each seat
row contain independent reading lights and service call lights for each
seat.
● Cabin light
• Varies significantly by aircraft type and purpose
• Usually overhead fluorescent lights
• 28 volts DC
Cockpit Lighting
On an airliner flight deck, it is normal to have lighting for
general illumination of the control cabin as well local
lighting for panels, instruments and controls. Fluorescent
background lights are also used. A centrally located panel,
typically an overhead panel, houses the controls for many
interior and exterior lights. Independent light controls may
also be located on appropriate panels.
Instrument lighting • Interior lights to allow crew to
○ Must illuminate each essential perform other functions
instrument and switch • Not regulated
○ Direct rays must be shielded
• Often red to preserve night vision
from pilot’s eyes
○ Must provide dimming control
 2.1 External light

The type, purpose and complexity of the lighting systems installed on the exterior of a particular
aircraft vary in accordance with its size, role and normal flight environment. External lights, in
general terms, serve one of three purposes:

 To make the aircraft more visible to other aircraft,

 to improve pilot visiblity during critcal phases of flight or

 to provide illumination for some other specific purpose.

2.1.1 NAVIGATION/POSITION LIGHTS
Navigation lights consist of a red light on the left/port wing tip, a green light on the right/starboard wing tip
and a white light on the aircraft tail. Dual systems are often installed to provide redundancy in the event of a
bulb failure. requires a current of 28 v for dc current and 115 v for ac current.

2.1.2 Navigation light system schematic

2.2 anti-collision lights (rotating and flashing)
Red anti-collision lights are often called “rotating beacons.” Years ago, the lights
used a motorized rotating reflector to create the flashing effect. Xenon arc lamps
(like a camera flash) replaced the rotating reflectors a few decades ago. Anti-
collision lights on new aircraft like the Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 use super
bright LEDs to create the required burst of red light.
2.3.1 strobe lights
  When installed, strobe lights are usually positioned near the trailing edge of the wing tips and may also
be installed on the tail of the aircraft. Strobes are high intensity white lights which flash at a regular interval.
They are normally turned on when entering an active runway for takeoff and turned off when leaving the
runway after landing.
2.3.2 positioned strobe lights
Exterior Lighting
● Specifically regulated by FAR
● Requires several systems for transport category aircraft
○ Landing lights (FAR 25.1383)
○ Position lights (FAR 25.1385-95)
○ Anti-collision lights (FAR 25.1401)
Other exterior lights
● Cargo loading lights
● Wing icing detection lights (required)
○ Cannot cause glare or reflection that
impairs crew (FAR 25.1403)
2.4 Landing Light
Landing lights are installed in aircraft to illuminate runways during night landings. The lights
are very powerful(600 W) and are directed by a parabolic reflector at an angle providing a
maximum range of illumination. Landing lights of smaller aircraft are usually located midway
in the leading edge of each wing or streamlined into the aircraft surface. Landing lights for
larger transport category aircraft are usually located in the leading edge of the wing close to the
fuselag.
● Light for night landing
● On wing leading edge or
landing gear
● 28V DC or 115V AC
● 600W
● Taxi lights, 250W
2.5.1 TAXI LIGHTS
Taxi lights are designed to provide illumination on the ground while taxiing or towing the aircraft
to or from a runway, taxi strip, or in the hangar area. On aircraft with tricycle landing gear, either
single or multiple taxi lights are often mounted on the non-steerable part of the nose landing gear.
Tey are positioned at an oblique angle to the center line of the aircraft to provide illumination
directly in front of the aircraft and also some illumination to the right and left of the aircraft’s
path.
2.5.2 position TAXI LIGHTS

• Also called Navigation lights

• Red on left wingtip
• Green on right
• White on tail
• 28V DC or 115 V AC
2.6. Taxi light circuit 2.7 WING INSPECTION LIGHTS
Some aircraft are equipped with wing inspection lights to
illuminate the leading edge of the wings to permit observation of
icing and general condition of these areas in flight. These lights
permit visual detection of ice formation on wing leading edges
while flying at night. They are usually controlled through a relay
by an on/off toggle switch in the cockpit. Some wing inspection
light systems may include or be supplemented by additional
lights, sometimes called nacelle lights.
 • “Red or white flashing
• 40-100 cycles per min
• Must illuminate the vital areas
• Red beacon on vertical tail
• White strobes on wingtips
• Strobes or beacons on top and
bottom of fuselage

Anti-Collision
Lights
Safety precautions when handling high.
Te light strobe is produced by a high voltage discharge of a capacitor. A dedicated
power pack houses the capacitor and supplies voltage to a sealed xenon-filled tube.
Te xenon ionizes with a flash when the voltage is applied.
Ground Runway
Operations Operations
and Taxi

In-Flight
Ground Operations and Taxi
 Position lights are on anytime an aircraft has electric power
available.
 Logo lights are switched on during preflight inspection.
 Aircraft maintenance: Technicians will turn on red anti-collision
lights when working with hazardous components (gear doors, flaps).
 Push back and engine start: Red anti-collision lights are turned on
just before push-back from the gate and engine start. They are
turned off after engines are shut down at the gate.
 Taxi and runway turn-off lights are used at the captain’s discretion
while taxiing. Pro tip: pilots will turn off taxi lights when pointed
toward another aircraft cockpit to avoid blinding the crew.
Runway Operations

 White anti-collision lights are turned on when cleared onto a

runway, turned off when exiting a runway.
 Taxi lights and wing inspection lights are turned on when
cleared onto the runway.
 Landing lights are turned on when cleared for takeoff, turned
off when exiting runway.
 During takeoff and landing every exterior light on the
aircraft is used to maximize aircraft visibility.
In-Flight
 During initial climb: landing, taxi, wing inspection, and logo lights are
on until above 18,000 feet to maximize visibility in busy airspace. They
are turned off above 18,000.
 Only red and white anti-collision lights are used during cruise.
 If a crew spots an aircraft flying toward them, they will sometimes flash
the landing lights to say “Hello, we see you!”
 During descent: Landing, wing inspection, and logo lights are turned on
below 18,000 feet to maximize visibility in busy airspace.
 Technique: Pilots often form a habit of leaving taxi lights turned off
until the tower clears them to land. When the crew receives landing
clearance, the captain will turn the taxi lights on. If things get busy, a
taxi light switch that’s off reminds the crew they need a landing
clearance.
 
 
 • EMERGENCY LIGHTING

Emergency lights are installed in the cabin to illuminate escape routes for passengers and crew
during a failure of AC power systems. Lighting strips in the floor and exit lights automatically
illuminate when power is lost. Emergency lights are used to illuminate the over-wing area at the
emergency exits and on the escape slides. Lavatories and the control cabin also have emergency
lighting.
=>> Required by FAR 25.812
=>> Must include exit marking signs, general
cabin illumination, floor escape path lighting, and
exterior emergency lighting
=>> Must be battery powered and separate from
main electrical system
 =>> Maintenance and Inspection EMERGENCY LIGHTING
Inspection of an aircraft’s emergency lighting system normally includes checking the condition and
security of all visible wiring, connections, terminals, fuses, and switches and light units. A
continuity light or meter can be used in making these checks, since the cause of many troubles can
often be located by systematically testing each circuit for continuity.

=>> Maintenance and Inspection of Lighting Systems

Inspection of an aircraft’s lighting system normally includes checking the condition and security of
all visible wiring, connections, terminals, fuses, and switches. A continuity light or meter can be
used in making these checks, since the cause of many troubles can often be located by
systematically testing each circuit for continuity .
 
 
VIDEO OF LIGHT IN AIRCRAT
VIDEO OF LIGHT IN AIRCRAFT
TERIMAKAS
IH