Chloride Ionic Strength Adjuster (ISA), 5M NaNO3

To prepare this solution from your own laboratory stock, half

fill a 1000 ml volumetric flask with distilled water and add 425
grams of reagent-grade sodium nitrate, NaNO3.
Swirl the flask to dissolve the solid. Fill the flask to the
mark with distilled water, cap, and invert the flask several
times to mix the contents. ISA is added at the rate of 2 ml of
ISA to each 100 ml of standard or sample to adjust the ionic
strength to about 0.1M.

Nitrate Ionic Strength Adjuster (ISA), 2M (NH4)2SO4

To prepare this solution from your own laboratory stock, half fill
a 1000 ml volumetric flask with distilled water and add 264 grams
of reagent-grade ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4. Swirl the flask gentle
to dissolve the solid. Fill the flask to the mark with distilled
water, cap, and upend several times to mix the contents. ISA is
added at the rate of 2 ml of ISA to each 100 ml of standard or
sample to adjust the ionic strength to about 0.12M.

Ammonium Ionic Strength Adjuster, 5M NaCl,

To prepare the 5M NaCl ISA from your own laboratory stock, add 292
grams of reagent-grade sodium chloride (NaCl) to a 1000 ml
volumetric flask about half full of distilled water. Swirl the
flask to dissolve the solid and fill to the mark with distilled
water. Cap the flask and invert several times to mix the solution.
Add 2 ml of ISA to every 100 ml of sample or standard solution
for a back-ground ionic strength of 0.10M.

Sodium Ionic Strength Adjuster (ISA), 4M NH4Cl/4M NH4OH,

To prepare this solution from your own laboratory stock, half fill
a 1000 ml volumetric flask with distilled water and add 214 grams
of reagent-grade ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). Under a hood, add 270
ml of concentrated ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), swirl the flask
gently to dissolve the solid, and allow to cool. Fill the flask
to the mark with distilled water, cap, and upend several times to
mix the solution.
Fluoride Total Ionic Strength Adjuster Buffer,

TISAB is used to adjust the pH of the solution, de-complex fluoride

and provide a constant background ionic strength.
To prepare this solution from your own laboratory stock, half fill
a four liter beaker with distilled water. Place the beaker on a
magnetic stirrer, add a large stirring bar, and begin stirring.
Slowly add 230 ml of concentrated acetic acid, 232 grams of
reagent-grade sodium chloride, and 16 grams of reagent-grade CDTA.
After the solids have dissolved, allow the solution to cool to
room temperature. Slowly add 150 grams of reagent-grade sodium
hydroxide. After the solids have dissolved, allow the solution to
cool to room temperature. Calibrate a pH electrode and adjust the
pH to 5.25 with small addition of 5 M NaOH. Fill to the mark with
distilled water.