ADZNALYN S.

AMIILUSSIN CHEM 130 LAB

BS BIO 2C January 7, 2021

Experiment No. 6
Determination of Acetic Acid in Vinegar Sample

Scan your answers to the questions and submit it in the classroom drive. Solutions of the
problems must be included for full credits.

 Setting up and Performing the Correct Techniques of Titration

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFpFCPTDv2w&t=335s

Follow up questions:

1. List down the equipments/apparatus used in the titration and give its function.
 Buret – measure the volume of titrate and used for accurate dispensing of liquid.
 Buret clamp – Holds the buret
 Ringstand – secure the buret and buret clamp
 Small funnel – help fill the buret
 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask – Allows vigorous swirling and minimize spill hazard
 Volumetric pipet and Pipet bulb – Transfer unknown volume of analyte to the flask
 Wash bottle with deionized water – used as for rinsing the buret
 Beaker or flask of titrant – Add to the analyte or titrant to quantitively determine the
concentration
 Indicator – Mark the endpoint of titration
 Reading Card – Help read the meniscus
 Sheet of white paper – Help visualize the endpoint

2. Describe on how to set-up a titration

 Rinse the buret thoroughly with deionized solution.
 Place the buret vertically using buret clamp and ringstand, make sure there is enough
room to position your flask underneath the tip, check to see if the stopcock is in close
position.
 Put the panel at the top of the buret and add titrant.
 Place the Erlenmeyer flask under the tip and open the stopcock to allow few millimeter
of titrant to flow through, releasing any trap air, rinse both the tip of buret and
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Erlenmeyer flask with deionized solution.

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 Use volumetric pipet to transfer the analyte to the flask, add a few indicator and swirl,
and place it under the tip of the buret. Also place a piece of sheet under the flask to make
it easier to detect the color change.

3. Describe the correct technique in performing a titration

 Operating the buret requires two hand, one hand turns the stopcock and the other hand
swirl the flask, make sure to practice turning the stopcock to familiarize yourself with
how quickly the flow start and stop.
 Open the stopcock and allow titrant to enter the flask quickly while simultaneously
swirling the flask, when the analyte becomes colored solution, close the stopcock and
stop swirling.
 Record the final volume of the buret, subtract the initial volume from the final volume to
get the estimated titrant needed for this titration, a dark colored solution indicate excess
of titrant has been added, whereas the desire color is a pale and faintly colored analyte.
 Thus, to reduce the risk of passing the endpoint, slow the addition of titrant when color
starts to appear and adjust the stopcock flow to drop rate, and when you noticed the
indicator taking longer to fade, close the stopcock.
 Record the final volume of the buret, if the analyte remain faintly colored then you have
reached the end point, however, if the analyte is still colorless then repeat these steps;
add a drop of titrant , rinse , swirl and record until a faint color persist.

 Preparation of 0.250 M NaCl Solution

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2YyIo8vSCA

Follow up questions:
1. What are the apparatus used to measure exact volume of solutions?
 Lab scoop
 Weighing paper
 Spatula
 Volumetric flasks
 Volumetric cylinders
 Analytical Balance
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2. What is meniscus?
- Meniscus is a curve formed on the upper surface of a liquid inside a container. This
curve is formed by the surface tension between the liquid and the container. If the
molecules in the liquid are more attracted to the sides of the container than to each
other, the liquid will stick to the sides of the container. As a result, the meniscus curve
bends down (concave) and water is an example of this.

3. What is the molar mass of NaCl?

- 1 mol = 6.022 x 1023
- 1 mol C = 12.01 g
- 22.98 g/mol (Na) + 35.45 g/mol (Cl) → 58.43 g/mol NaCl

4. What is the volume of solution used?

𝟕.𝟑𝟎𝟒 𝒈 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍
- 𝒈 = 0.1253 mol
𝟓𝟖.𝟒𝟑 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍
𝒎𝒐𝒍
𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟓𝟑 𝒎𝒐𝒍
- = 0.2501 M NaCl or 0.250 M NaCl
𝟎.𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑳

5. Describe on how to prepare 0.250 M NaCl solution

 Prepare 500 milliliters of a 0.25 molar NaCl.
0.25 M = 0.25 mol/ 1L
500 ml = .500L
= .500 L x 0.25 mol/ 1L = 0.125 mol NaCl
PREPARATION: = 0.125 mol NaCl x 58.23 g/ mol
Prepare 7.304 g of NaCl with 500 ml
= 7.304 g NaCl
of water solution

 To prepare 0.250 M NaCl sol., with the used of clean scoop, balanced, weighing paper,
measure close to 7.304 g of NaCl.
 Once you’ve measured, record the exact mass.
 Transfer all the solid to the appropriate size of volumetric flask.
 If solute remains in the spatula, use spatula or small amount of water.
 Transfer the remaining salt, add water to the volumetric flask. The bulb area at the
bottom of the flask is approximately half full. This will give you enough room to swirl the
liquid.
 Then now completely dissolved, fill the rest of the bulb and some of the neck with water.
 Carefully and slowly add water. Our solvent as it begins to fill the neck once.

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Once you’ve reached the etched or printed line on the neck of the flask
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 Add solvent drop-wise- monitoring the location of meniscus.

 The bottom of the curved meniscus, should sit directly level with the line of the flask. At
this point, there is exactly 500 milliliters of solution with an air of 0.2 milliliters.
 Be sure to mix the solution by inverting the volume of flask several times before using.
 We now must determine the exact concentration of our solution by taking the mass of
that we measured out and dividing the formula mass for NaCl.
𝟕.𝟑𝟎𝟒 𝒈 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍 𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟓𝟑 𝒎𝒐𝒍
 C= 𝒈 = 0.1253 mol = = 0.25 M NaCl
𝟓𝟖.𝟒𝟑 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍 𝟎.𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑳
𝒎𝒐𝒍
 Then the value should be clearly labeled on the chosen storage container for lab safety
protocol.

6. If you are asked to prepare 0.100 M NaOH of 500 ml solution, how will you do it?
 Same as to how we prepare the 0.250 M of NaCl.
 To prepare 0.100 M NaOH solution, with the used of clean scoop, balanced, weighing
paper, measure close to 1.99985 g of NaOH.
→ Na= 22.98 g/mol 500 ml of a 0.100 M NaOH:
→ O= 15.999 g/mol
→ H= 1.00784 g/ mol 0.100 M → 0.100 mol/L
PREPARATION: 500 ml → .500L
Prepare 2 g of NaOH with 500 ml of .500 L = 0.100 mol/ L → 0.50 mol NaOH
water solution = 0.05 mol x 39.997 g/mol NaOH → 2.00 g NaOH

 Once you’ve measured, record the exact mass.

 Transfer all the solid to the appropriate size of volumetric flask.
 If solute remains in the spatula, use spatula or small amount of water.
 Transfer the remaining salt, add water to the volumetric flask. The bulb area at the
bottom of the flask is approximately half full. This will give enough room to swirl the liquid.
 Then now it’s completely dissolved, fill the rest of the bulb and the neck with water.
 Carefully and slowly add water. Our solvent as it begins to fill the neck once.
 Once you’ve reached the etched or printed line on the neck of the flask
 Add solvent drop-wise- monitoring the location of meniscus.
 The bottom of the curved meniscus, should sit directly level with the line of the flask. At
this point, there is exactly 500 milliliters of solution with an air of 0.2 milliliters.
 Be sure to mix the solution by inverting the volume of flask several times before using.
 We now must determine the exact concentration of our solution by taking the mass of
that we measured out and dividing the formula mass for NaOH.
𝟐.𝟎𝟎 𝒈 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 𝟎.𝟎𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍
 C= 𝒈 = 0.05 mol = = 0.1 M NaOH
𝟑𝟗.𝟗𝟗𝟕 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 𝟎.𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑳
𝒎𝒐𝒍

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Then the value should be clearly labeled on the chosen storage container for lab safety
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protocol.