MATHEMATICS FORM 3

- Amal Sufiah Akmal Shukri

- Tunku Kurshiah College
- Form 2N (2014)
CONTENTS ...
• Chapter 1 - Lines and Angles II
• Chapter 2 - Polygons II
• Chapter 3 - Circles II
• Chapter 4 - Statistics II
• Chapter 5 - Indices
• Chapter 6 - Algebraic Expressions III
• Chapter 7 - Algebraic Formulae
• Chapter 8 - Solid Geometry III
• Chapter 9 - Scale Drawings
• Chapter 10 - Transformations II
• Chapter 11 - Linear Equations II
• Chapter 12 - Linear Inequalities
• Chapter 13 - Graphs of Functions
• Chapter 14 - Ratios, Rates and Proportions II
• Chapter 15 - Trigonometry
CHAPTER 1
LINES AND ANGLES II
1.1 ANGLES ASSOCIATED WITH PARALLEL LINES

• Angles are the space within two lines or three or

more planes diverging from a common point, or
within two planes diverging from a common line.

• Parallel lines are lines on the same plane that

never meet, no matter how far they are extended.

• In this topic, we will learn about transversal and

the angles formed can be classified as
corresponding angles, alternate angles or interior
angles
Transversal

• A transversal is a
straight line that
intersects two or more
straight lines.

• The figure on the right

shows two parallel lines
AC and DF intersected
by the transversal MN.
Corresponding Angles

• Corresponding angles are

equal in size.

• The figures on the right

are the examples of
corresponding angles.

• To identify corresponding
angles, look for angles
formed by lines that
resemble the letter 'F'.
Alternate Angles

• Alternate angles are equal

in size.

• The figures on the right

shows the examples of
alternate angles.

• To identify alternate
angles, look for angles
formed by lines that
resemble the letter 'Z'.
Interior Angles
• Interior angles are angles
between parallel lines on the
same side of transversal.

• The sum of two interior angles

is 180 degrees.

• The figures on the right are the

examples of interior angles.

• To identify interior angles, look

for angles formed by lines that
resemble the letter 'C'.
 Find the value of x in the diagram
EXAMPLE 1 above.

CORRESPONDING Solution:
ANGLES 2x = 130 degrees
Hence,
 In the following diagram, BCD and ACE
are straight lines. Find the value of x.

EXAMPLE 2
Solution:
ALTERNATE ANGLES <AED = <BAE = 63 degrees
<BCE is the exterior angle for triangle
CDE.
Hence,
EXAMPLE 3
Find the value of x in the diagram
INTERIOR ANGLES above.

Solution:
<PQR + 117 degrees = 180 degrees
CHAPTER 2
POLYGONS II
Polygons

• A polygon is a closed figure with at least three

straight lines as its sides.

• An irregular polygon is one with unequal sides or

interior angles.

• The axis of symmetry of a polygon is a line that

divides the polygon into two identical parts.
2.1 REGULAR POLYGONS

• A regular polygon is a polygon in which all sides

are of equal length and all interior angles are of
equal size.

• The number of axes of symmetry of a regular

polygon is always the same as the number of its
sides.
EXAMPLES OF REGULAR POLYGONS
2.2 ANGLES OF POLYGONS

Given that QPR is a straight

line, then

• u degrees is an interior angle

formed between two
adjacent sides PQ and PN.

• v degrees is an exterior angle

formed between the adjacent
side PN and the extended
side PR of the polygon.
• The sum of the interior angle and the exterior angle is 180 degrees.

• The sum of the exterior angles of a regular polygon with n sides is

360 degrees.

• The sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon with n sides is

(n - 2) x 180 degrees.

• In a regular polygon with n sides,

a) the size of each interior angle

b) the size of each exterior angle

 In the diagram below, AB, CD, EF and GF are
straight lines.

EXAMPLE 1
Find the value of x.

Solution:
The sum of exterior angle = 360 degrees
 The diagram shows an irregular polygon.

Find the value of x.

EXAMPLE 2 Solution:
Given a polygon with 6 sides, so n = 6.
The sum of interior angles

Hence,
EXAMPLE 3
The diagram below shows a part of a regular polygon.

Find the number of sides of the polygon.

Method 1 Method 2
Size of interior angle Exterior angle
144 degrees =
Exterior angle
then,
then,
CHAPTER 3
CIRCLES II
3.1 SYMMETRY OF CIRCLES
• A chord is a straight line connecting two points on the circumference of a
circle.

• The diameter of a circle is a chord that passes through the centre of a circle.

• The diameter of a circle divides the circle into two equal parts.

• Any diameter of a circle is an axis of symmetry.

• If the chord KL intersects perpendicularly with radius PO, then KM = ML.

EXAMPLE
The diagram shows a circle with centre Solution:
O. The straight line UOV is
perpendicular to the chord PUQ. Given
that PQ = 18cm and OV = 15cm.

Calculate the length of UV, in cm.

Consider triangle OUQ,

Hence,
3.2 PROPERTIES OF ANGLES IN CIRCLES

• The angle at the centre is twice

the angle at the circumference.

• The angles at the

circumference subtended by
the common arc are all equal.

• The angle subtended at the

circumference in a semicircle is
a right angle.