A PAPER PRESENTATION

ON
CANCER-INTRODUCTION &
TREATMENT
BY,

Mr. NAMDEO SHINDE

M. Pharm

SATARA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY DEGAON,

SATARA.(MH) INDIA.
What does the
word cancer
mean to you?
A terrifying
illness.
Normal body cells grow, divide and
die in an orderly fashion.
Cancer cells
are different
because they
do not
die, they just
continue to
grow and
divide in a
disorderly
fashion.
Cancer can occur at
any age, but 67% of
cancer deaths occur
in people older than
65 years
 CANCER STATISTICS
30%

25%

20%

15%

10% death %

5%

0%
Heart Cancer chronic Diabetes Alzheimer
disease respiratory disease
lower
diseases
There are two types of tumours:

Malignant tumors spread to other

areas in the body.

Benign tumors stay in one place.

Main Features
Common environmental factors leading to cancer death include:

tobacco (25-30%)
Common environmental factors leading to cancer death include:

diet and obesity (30-35%)

tobacco (25-30%)
Common environmental factors leading to cancer death include:

diet and obesity (30-35%)

tobacco (25-30%)
infections (15-20%)
Common environmental factors leading to cancer death include:

diet and obesity (30-35%)

tobacco (25-30%)
Radiation
infections (15-20%) Stress
lack of physical activity
environmental pollutants
 CAUSES
Benzene and other chemicals
Drinking excess alcohol
Environmental toxins, such as certain poisonous
mushrooms and
a type of poison that can grow on peanut plants
(aflatoxins)
Excessive sunlight exposure
Genetic problems
Obesity
Radiation
Viruses
Bladder Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Thyroid Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Melanoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Endometrial Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Thyroid Cancer
Leukemia
 TESTS
Biopsy of the tumor
Blood tests (which look for chemicals such as tumor
markers)
Bone marrow biopsy (for lymphoma or leukemia)
Chest x-ray
Complete blood count (CBC)
CT scan
Liver function tests
MRI scan
TREATMENT
&
PREVENTION
 TREATMENT
•Surgery
•Chemotherapy
•Radiation
•Targeted Cancer Treatments
•Small Molecule Inhibitors
•Antibodies
•Cell Based Immunotherapy
•Gene Therapy
 Chemotherapy
Drugs used to kill cancer cells; disrupt some
aspect of cell division.

Toxic to healthy cells; hair, bone

marrow, lymphocytes, and epithelial cells of
intestinal lining .

Side effects include hair

loss, nausea, vomiting, and reduced immune
responses.
 Radiation therapy
High-energy rays are used to kill cancer cells

 Stop them from growing and dividing.

radiotherapy is a local treatment; it can affect

cancer cells only in the treated area.

side effects-
Tiredness, skin reactions such as rash or
redness, and loss of appetite.
Temporary lowering of the WBC count.
 Surgery therapy
In localized cancer surgery typically attempts
to remove the entire mass.

Biological therapy/immunotherapy
 Monoclonal antibodies, interferon, interleukin-
2, and colony-stimulating factors.
Side effects - Temporary flu-like symptoms
such as fever and chills, muscle aches and
weakness, loss of appetite and diarrhea.
 Recently launched drugs-
Axitinib (Inlyta) for advanced kidney cancer.
Vismodegib (Erivedge) for advanced basal cell
carcinoma.
Carfilzomib (Kyprolis) for multiple myeloma.
Ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap) in combination with
chemotherapy for metastatic colon cancer.
Regorafenib (Stivarga) for metastatic colorectal
cancer .
 PREVENTION
Eating a healthy diet.

Exercising regularly.

Limiting alcohol.

Maintaining a healthy weight.

Minimizing your exposure to radiation and toxic

chemicals.

Not smoking or chewing tobacco

Reducing sun exposure, especially if you burn easily.

 CONCLUSION
Hence cancer is second leading cause of deaths following
heart diseases one should care about its prevention before
the occurrence of disease by varies examinations and if
disease is already exists then one should go for its regular
treatment. Recent treatment mainly includes radiation
therapy, cell based immunotherapy, gene
therapy, chemotherapy are most widely used methods used
for treatment of various type of cancers.
 REFERNCES
www.chronicdisease.isdh.in
www.cancer.gov
www.chronicdisease.isdh.in.gov
http://www.essense-of-life.com/moreinfo/minerals/cesium.htm
http://www.micronmetals.com/55.htm
http://www.stopcancer.com/toc.htm
http://www.prostate90.com/sci_papers/warburg.html
http://www.alternative-doctor.com/cancer/oxygen.htm
http://www.advancedhealthplan.com/2cesiumchlorideforcancer2.html
Cancer Facts and Figures 2012". Journalist's Resource.org
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/cancer-oncology
http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Cancer.aspx
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/
http://www.who.int/cancer/